Dairy Cattle Production ( APGS 311)

Lesson I: introduction to dairy production

learning objective:

at the end of this lesson students will be able to : define dairy science describe how dairy science come to

existence describe why veterinary students need to

take dairy science course describe contribution of dairy for national

economy describe the trend of world leading milk

producing countries development in milk production.

Dairy production is one of animal science specialties,

Which deals about

• The production,• collection, • handling and • Marketing of milk in its

many forms to the consuming public.

What is dairy production?

Q = How dairy science come to existence ?

at first there were only animal science.

Animal science is simply the collective of study of animals.

Animal science includes study of every

aspect of animal from conception to death.

As animal scientists have learned more

and more about animals;

the accumulated wealth of information has become too large for any one to completely comprehend (i.e. grasp mentally or understand)

Thus as a means of creating manageable pieces;

Animal science divided into disciplines or specialties,

• Thus dairy production has become to existence as one of animal science specialties?

• can you name some more animal science specialties?

Some specialties of animal science

Animal nutrition

Veterinary

Animal breeding and genetics

Beef cattle production

Others

Dairy cattle production

Is there any unclear things up

to now?

fill free to ask at all time !!

Brainstorming

why weveterinary students need to take dairy cattle

productioncourse ?

Think of it individually

for 2 minutes

Discuss in pairs why vet students need to take dairy production course

Why we take

dairy ?

Because…

Time allowed 4 minutes

It is time to report your pair discussion result.

Conclusion on why vet students take dairy ? Animals become normal and behave

normally if and only if they managed normally Our farmers consider any abnormalities as

diseases coursed by pathogens and bring that abnormally behaving animal to vet

clinic. .

However the root cause of abnormality of that animal may not only disease

This might be purely due to

• faulty management or

• interaction of faulty management and diseases at their sub-clinical state

Thus, the objective of giving vet student common courses in general and dairy cattle production in particular is make them able to solve such complex abnormalities or

Abnormalities caused by faulty management, and /or

Abnormalities caused by interaction between disease and faulty management.

Do you have any question on this concussion?

The Place of Dairy in the NationalEconomy

What is the contribution of

dairy to the national

economy of Ethiopia?

Form group of three and list possible contributions for 5 minutes

The Place of Dairy in the NationalEconomy

What is the contribution of

dairy to the national

economy of Ethiopia?

Report your finding with you representative while seated = total allowed time 5 minutes

conclusion

According to World Bank, 1995 report , about 85 % of population of Ethiopia

engaged in agriculture. the contributions of agriculture to the

country’s •GDP is about 60 %•To export earning 90 %

The livestock sub sector contributes approximately;

12 - 15 % to total GDP (McDaC, 1999)

38% of agricultural GDP Dairy comprises 20 to 25% of livestock

contribution.

Milk production

the total milk production from all species is about 2.73 million tons (CSA 2003).

of which milk from cattle comprises 2.59 million tons

Question?

Brainstorming ( for 2 minutes)

What are the leading milk producing

countries in the world?

Think of it individually and list names of five counties you suppose to be the top five milk producing countries in the world ( use piece of paper)

Compare your assumption to the following !

World wide 557 million tones of milk are produced each year.

of which the contribution of Ethiopia is only 0.5%.

World's Top Milk Producers

Countries 1998

1997

1996

India 74 71 68 United States 71 71 70 Russian Federation 33 34 36 Pakistan 22 21 20 Brazil 22 21 19 Ukraine 14 15 16 Poland 12 12 11 New Zealand 12 11 10 Australia 10 9 9 EC 125 125 125 World (includes others) 557 549 542

Countries1998 1997

1996

India 74 71 68

US 71 71 70

Russian Federation

33 34 36

Pakistan 22 21 20

Brazil 22 21 19

World (includes others)

557 549 542Source: Dairy India Yearbook http://www.indiadairy.com/ind_world_number_one_milk_producer.html as accessed on September 22/2010

The top five African milk producing countries in terms of milk volume are ;

Sudan, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa and Algeria.

• Meanwhile, the first four countries alone produce 52% of total African milk

Brainstorming 1. Why these countries have

became the leading milk producing?

2. what are possible options of increasing milk production that might have used by these countries ?

Think of it individually for 2 minutes

Pair work The option of increasing milk production that might have used by these countries are ...

Do you think these works for

Ethiopia ?

Discuss in pairs for 4 minutes

Students report = total 10 minutes

Options of increasing milk production

Summery: trend of milk production in US

Year No of cows million Milk per cow pound 1950 21.9 5314 1960 17.5 7029 1970 12.0 9747 1975 11.2 10354 1979 10.7 11488 1981 10.9 12177 1983 11.1 12531

Note:

the number of cows had declined from 1950-1979 is,

However, the milk production per cow was increasing.

After reaching the maximum productivity per cow , they also start to increase the number of cows slightly from 1979 to 1983.

option of increasing milk production?

1. Total replacement of the existing population with pure exotic dairy cattle

2. increasing the existing population 3. improving the existing population

productivity through Breeding (selection & crossing) Proper feeding Proper heath care & other improved

management Which of the above the best option for Ethiopia?

Do you have any question on this concussion?

Check whether the objectives had set have achieved.

By now students are able to : define dairy science describe how dairy science come to

existence describe why veterinary students need to

take dairy science course describe contribution of dairy for national

economy describe the trend of world leading milk

producing countries development in milk production.