Dairypost africa magazine

DairyPost Africa • September 2013 1

The magazine for African dairy industry >> www.dairypostafrica.com

Volume 3 • Number 3 • September 2013

DairyPost Africa • September 20132


As the 8th African Dairy Conference and Exhibition opens, we as ESADA would like to reiterate our resolve towards

seeing the dairy sector achieve its full potential. We are committed to our mission, which is to increase the trade in African dairy products.

As you will witness through the various ex-hibitors and conference speakers at this event, the dairy industry in Africa is under-going positive transformation with adoption of new technologies, a growing breadth of finished milk products and an expanding market aided by EAC, COMESA and SADC trading blocs.

We recognise the several milestones that have been realized over the last few years and the integral role the dairy sector plays in creating employment, enhancing food secu-rity and helping people especially in the rural areas sustain themselves.

The Conference and Exhibition will have more exposure opportunities for exhibitors and sponsors, and extremely valuable pre-sentations for all the participants. It will be an enriching experience, this year focusing on new technology in the context of challenges facing the sector.

“Come, let’s learn and share ideas”

FROM the editOR

I would like to call on you visitors, exhibi-tors and conference to speakers to utilise the moment and exchange contacts and ideas, which will see you widen your network for future business prospects.

Finally, join us at the Dairy Connection cock-tail this evening at at the Revolving Restau-rant on the 27th floor of KICC, which will set us off the blocks in this memorable event.

Peter Ngaruiya,

ESADA Executive Director

The conference offers more exposure opportunities for exhibitors and sponsors, and valuable presentations for all the participants


CONTENTS

27Main Feature:Quality based milk

payment system

CONteNtS


editORial COMMittee

CONteNtS


Breeding Center for Holsteins in Germany

Osnabrücker Herdbuch eGOchsenweg 40-4249324 Melle, GermanyTel.: (+49) 5422-987-0Fax: (+49) [email protected] www.ohg-genetic.de

Phot

o: W

olfh

ard

Sch

ulze

KNS Rendezvous – Dam of BOSS

This Bookem son from the family of the well-known French show-cow Radieuse EX-91 really has it all!

That’s why BOSS is very interesting for each Holstein herd worldwide.

He transmits outstanding production:

Type without weaknesses:

Only positive Management and Health traits:

kg Milk % Fat kg Fat % Protein kg Protein gRZM

+1624 +0,08 +76 +0,21 +78 147

Dairyness 108 Frame 114 F&L 121 MS 121 gRZE 127

gKVd 109, gRZKm 113, gRZS 116, gRZD 105, gRZR 113, gRZN 126

Radieuse

Osnabruecker Holstein GeneticsThe number 1 in Germany!

BOSS 262.400

Bookemx VG-85 Man-O-Man x VG-86 Goldwin x EX-91 Jocko Besne Radieuse

gRZG 161

Stature short tallDairy form tight openFrame depth shallow deepStrength frail strongRump angle high pins slopedRump width narrow wideLeg set (side) pasty sickledFoot angle low steepHock quality poor cleanLeg set (rear) hocked-in parallelLocomotion poor goodRear udder low highCentral ligament weak strongTeats fore wide closeTeats rear wide closeFore udder loose strongUdder depth deep shallowTeat length short long

114105105106108104105104117111116123124115119108105104


Breeding Center for Holsteins in Germany

Osnabrücker Herdbuch eGOchsenweg 40-4249324 Melle, GermanyTel.: (+49) 5422-987-0Fax: (+49) [email protected] www.ohg-genetic.de

Phot

o: W

olfh

ard

Sch

ulze

KNS Rendezvous – Dam of BOSS

This Bookem son from the family of the well-known French show-cow Radieuse EX-91 really has it all!

That’s why BOSS is very interesting for each Holstein herd worldwide.

He transmits outstanding production:

Type without weaknesses:

Only positive Management and Health traits:

kg Milk % Fat kg Fat % Protein kg Protein gRZM

+1624 +0,08 +76 +0,21 +78 147

Dairyness 108 Frame 114 F&L 121 MS 121 gRZE 127

gKVd 109, gRZKm 113, gRZS 116, gRZD 105, gRZR 113, gRZN 126

Radieuse

Osnabruecker Holstein GeneticsThe number 1 in Germany!

BOSS 262.400

Bookemx VG-85 Man-O-Man x VG-86 Goldwin x EX-91 Jocko Besne Radieuse

gRZG 161

Stature short tallDairy form tight openFrame depth shallow deepStrength frail strongRump angle high pins slopedRump width narrow wideLeg set (side) pasty sickledFoot angle low steepHock quality poor cleanLeg set (rear) hocked-in parallelLocomotion poor goodRear udder low highCentral ligament weak strongTeats fore wide closeTeats rear wide closeFore udder loose strongUdder depth deep shallowTeat length short long

114105105106108104105104117111116123124115119108105104

Dairy Post Profile


On behalf of the Eastern and Southern Africa Dairy Associa-tion (ESADA) I wish to welcome you to the DairyPost Africa, a

publication aimed at educating, informing and connecting dairy stakeholders in Africa and beyond. As you are aware, for over five years, since 2005, ESADA in collaboration with our partners has been producing quar-terly, DairyMail Africa. The publication has been out of circulation for close two years.

In pursuit of our mandate, to promote intra-regional trade in safe, healthy and quality dairy products, we have now partnered with Dairy Consulting Africa Ltd to re-launch the DairyPost Africa, the authoritative publication on the dairy industry in Africa and beyond. This publication will provide up-to-date in-

formation on the status of the dairy industry in Africa and provide a platform for sharing of knowledge, information, technologies, so-lutions and practices delivering competitive-ness in the dairy sector in the continent.

The dairy industry in Africa continues to ex-perience tremendous growth both in pro-duction and consumption of milk and milk products. However, the sector is underper-forming due to among other challenges, low on-farm production, market access, product quality, poor sector support services and unfavorable business environment and non-supportive policies.

The importance of the dairy sector in Africa cannot be gainsaid. The sector continues to support millions of household in the Africa in

eSada NewS

Taking thedairy sector

to the next level

ESADA NEwS


the entire value chain. The sector is consid-ered very necessary in fighting poverty and enhancing food security in Africa.

Most countries in East Africa practice quan-tity based payment system. However some milk zones in some East Africa countries are experimenting with quality based payment system. A lot of researches have been con-ducted on benefits and ways of implement-ing a quality based payment system and it has been found to be a very potent strategy to improving the quality of raw milk.

In this issue of DairyPost Africa, we highlight quality based payment system. As an as-sociation, ESADA urges our members and partners to lobby and support implementa-tion of this system of payment of raw milk as a strategy for improvement of the quality of milk in Africa. This will reduce post harvest losses, increase income not only to farmers but also to other players in the entire dairy value chain.

eSada NewS

The Eastern and Southern Africa Dairy As-sociation (ESADA) is pleased to present to the Dairy Players in Africa and beyond your quarterly publication that you can use to ad-vance the Africa dairy agenda and to put the Africa dairy in the World Dairy Map. I humbly invite your comments and seek your support in making the DairyPost Africa the authority in African Dairy issues. It is my pleasure to welcome you to the revamped and focused publication dedicated to advancement of the goodness that is Milk!

Welcome

Executive Director

Eastern and Southern Africa Dairy Association


The Tanzanian dairy sector is highly regarded for its potential to improve food security and reduce poverty. The average of per capita consumption is 45 litres, and is expected to increase in near future to about 100 litres. The main drivers of growth in the sector are rapid population growth, urbanization and increasing per capita income. “This provides both a challenge for the Tanzania dairy in-dustry to grow and seize the opportunity,” says a report titled Sagcot Investment Part-nership program, by Sokoine University of Agriculture and Tanzania Dairy Board.

Milk processing is mostly done by small units, with a daily capacity of between 500 and 50,000 litres. There 62 dairy processing units, all with a capacity 410,500 litres day. However, only about 112,400 litres are pro-cessed. There are enormous opportunities in

production, collection, processing,provision of inputs including feeds and artificial in-semination services, and consumption. This is because the dairy sector operates under a low input, low output regime.

In all the towns of Arusha, Kilimanjaro, Mara, Kagera, Mwanza, Tanga, Morogoro, Dar es Salam, Iringa and Mbeya, there is also a wide gap between investments in milk produc-tion, collection and processing capacity. In Arusha, for example, while 105,000 litres are produced daily during the flash season, only about 5,000 is collected. The processing ca-pacity is slightly below 60,000 litres.

Dominant direct milk sales to consumers by producers create diseconomies of scale, while converting the 97% “raw milk” consum-ers to processed milk consumers remains a

aFRiCaN daiRy OutlOOk

FOCUS ON TANZANIA

Opportunities abound in dairy sector

African Dairy Outlook

The average of per capita consumption

of milk

TANZANIA

45 litres

Annual growth of consumed milk

products within the market

MAUrITIUS

6%

The average growth rate of dairy industry

MAlAwI

15%Smallholder dairy

farmers’ contribution to all marketed

milk

ZAMBIA

40%

estimated demand for milk

per annum

ZIMBABwE

120 Million litres


By Indra Thanacody

For the past 10 years, there has been a lot of awareness as regards to dairy products in general and the consumption of yoghurt in all forms has surely been growing steadily. Mauritius, home to nearly 1.3 million people, has and still is a great market as the con-sumption of dairy products is embedded in the traditions and cultures of our country.

For instance, processed cheddar cheese is still found in all houses as it has been a tradition to include this particular product for children going to school within a loaf of bread or even for the sugar cane laborer who still consumes the cheddar cheese as a snack with his rum!

It is a must as well to use natural yoghurt as another example in the preparation of Briani, a national delicacy in Mauritius and all these have contributed to a growth of around 6% annually within the market.

But nowadays the range of dairy products on our supermarket’s shelves is widening, meaning that Mauritians are more and more aware of the importance of dairy products as part of their daily diet. It is completely under-standable and comprehensive that the prices will increase due to the high price of milk powder worldwide, and that it will be inevi-table that such increase would be passed on to the consumers which will in turn affect the growth in the consumption of dairy products

The key stakeholders in Zambia’s dairy sector are producers and processors. Input suppli-ers, service providers, government and re-tailers also play a major role. The producers in this case are the dairy farmers segmented as either smallholder, emergent or commer-cial. Smallholder dairy farmers’ contribution is about 40% of all marketed milk. Emergent and commercial farmers produce the other 60%, according to Regional Agricultural Trade Expansion Program (RATES) report.

Zambia’s cattle population is about


FOCUS ON MAUrITIUS

The price for dairy products must be fairer and attractive

FOCUS ON ZAMBIA

Training sights on import marketBuoyant state of the local market prompts commercial producers to ignore incipient problems and explore possibility of exports

3,038,000, according to ACF, 2012 findings. Of these, only 15,000 are cows and heifers (DAZ, 2012).

dairy sector’s contribution to the economyThe dairy sectors contribution to the econ-omy can be measured in the volume of milk produced. While 215 million litres (MAL, 2012) is produced per year, demand is 253 million litres. The country imports about 25% of its milk requirement. Only 23% of the milk produced is processed. The rest is marketed through informal channels.



The dairy industry in Zimbabwe plays a piv-otal role in the country’s agricultural sector, providing the nation with nutrition, while simultaneously creating employment and earning the country much-needed foreign currency. The sector has evolved over the years, gradually transforming itself through the implementation of a Government-driven land reform program, which was successfully implemented in the year 2000. Production systems range from extensive, low cost sys-tems to intensive, zero-grazing (cut-and-carry) systems. During the harsh economic environment experienced in the last decade, the country’s milk drinking culture plummet-

FOCUS ON ZIMBABwE

Sustained dairy industry growth in Zimbabwe

ed when production levels diminished. In the last four years, production levels have been on an upward trend and currently the dairy industry is making efforts to resuscitate the milk drinking culture through a “Think Milk Drink Milk” campaign spearheaded by the Zimbabwe Dairy Industry Trust (ZDIT).

Milk processingZimbabwe has seven major processing com-panies and more than 20 smaller players, in-cluding producer-retailers who supply to an established processor as well as process part of their output. There is a growing market for dairy products, with consumers demanding

Like most countries in Africa, the dairy in-dustry in Malawi is dominated by small-scale farmers. There are about 4,000 farmers who in total produce about 6.5 million litres per year. It is estimated that the informal sector produces an extra 27 million litres.

“It is growing annually and opportunities ex-ist in both the domestic and regional mar-kets,” writes Theodora Nyamandi of the Ma-lawi Dairy Board in a report on the country’s dairy sector. “Productivity per cow is low, and cost of production is high due to inefficien-cies and low economies of scale.”

The industry has been growing at an average

rate of 15% per year, while per capita con-sumption of milk is about six litres. This is below the continent average of 15 litres and the Food and Agricultural Organization rec-ommended 200 litres.

Milk supply is also inadequate, with up to 40% of national requirement imported from Zimbabwe. Average productivity per cow per day is only 5.7 litres, mainly due to poor management, poor nutrition, and lack of veterinary and extension support. The few processing plants that meet international standards are underutilized –they operate at 26% capacity-, according to a report by the Regional Agricultural Trade Expansion Sup-

FOCUS ON MAlAwI

Dairy sector headed for better times


Demand outstrips supply as industry paces forward


Quality based milk

payment system

MAIN FEATUrE


Two years ago, Laban Talam from Kapsi-et village in Eldoret was the poster child of the typical small-scale dairy farmer

in Kenya. Milk production from two indig-enous breeds was only four litres per day. It was barely enough for his family’s upkeep, let alone for selling to the market. Good animal husbandry, hygiene and milk handling were alien concepts to him. For instance, he was using cold water and skin lotion to prepare his cows’ udder for milking.

Enter Nestle Kenya with its elaborate dairy educative programme, which has proven successful in other countries notably India, Pakistan, China and Indonesia. Talam’s pro-duction is now 28 litres per day, while his market for the milk, Kabiyet Dairies Com-pany Limited, has arguably the best quality milk in the whole of Kenya today.

“The training has been amazing,” says the father of two, and one of the 12 ‘trainers of trainers’ who’ve acquired the skills on qual-ity milk production through a training pro-gramme by Nestle and other development partners namely SNV, East Africa Dairy De-velopment Project and Heifer Project Inter-national.

This month, Kabiyet Dairies Company Lim-ited begin implementing a new payment sys-tem with New KCC, Kenya’s oldest milk pro-cessor, whereby farmers will be paid on the quality of milk they deliver, not on quantity. The better the quality, the more the money per litre. It is a welcome departure from the traditional “quantity-based” system, and im-plies that the efforts of Nestle and its partners are bearing fruit.

MaiN FeatuRe

an emerging

reality in Kenya?

Milk collection at kabiyet cooler plant

© koigi


Talam, whose farm was visited by American philanthropist Bill Gates in December, 2009 now represents the vision of every dairy farmer in Kenya: To produce high quality milk that will increase demand for exports and attract premium customers such as Nestle. Nestle’s wide variety of food products count high quality milk as one of the raw materi-als. Currently, the company does not procure milk from Kenya due to its poor quality.

“Of course, we are looking forward to joining the procurement chain,” says Manu Scharer, the Supplier Development Manager. “And with the success we’ve seen at Kabiyet, this will be soon.”

High quality milk entails the whole process of milk production, from breeding to feeding,

animal care, milking, handling, delivery and processing. Each process must be congruent with laid down procedures that ensure milk is of good quality. High quality milk must be of a certain composition in terms of butter-

MaiN FeatuRe

The butterfat content for Ayrshire can be as high as 5% earning the farmers more compared to between 3.8% and 4.5% for the Fresians mostly reared in Kabiyet


fat content, bacterial load, and density. While the butterfat content varies with the breed of dairy cow, bacterial load is indicative of hygiene while the density of milk, taken through an electrometre reading tests any adulteration mostly through water.

“Kenya is now on the fast lane towards adopting the best practices towards produc-ing high quality milk,” says Tahir Mahmood, Dairy Development Manager, Nestle Kenya. “Farmers are really keen on learning.”

Kabiyet Dairies has 8,000 registered mem-bers. Out of these, 3,600 are active and deliver 12,000 litres per day to the co-operative. It has 12 milk collection centres and three chillers. “Your plant is very impressive,” Gates said when he visited in December, 2009. “Great work.”

The average bacterial load of milk produced in Kenya is 2 million per milliliter. For milk at Kabiyet Dairies, the load is 700,000. “Before the start of the training programme, the load was as high as 26 million,” says Tahir. In New

MaiN FeatuRe

“Farmers have been very quick to adopt the high quality milk production procedures and the results are evident”

Belinda Kosgei, the manager


Zealand, reputed for its high quality milk, the load is 100,000. Milk from Kabiyet has an electro-metre reading of between 28 and 32, while the Kenyan standard is a sorry 26. The butterfat content is between 3.8% and 4.5% for the Fresians mostly reared here. “For Ayrshire, its can be up to 5%, thus earn-ing the farmers more,” says Tahir. The success at Kabiyet is already being replicated at the neighbouring Kaptumo and Teragon areas, also prime milk catchment areas in Eldoret, Rift Valley.

The idea behind high quality milk production and handling methods at Kabiyet Dairies can be traced way back to 2010 when Nestle or-ganized a learning trip for six farmers to In-dia.

India, in spite on 80% of its milk-producing breeds being domesticated buffaloes, pro-duces better quality milk than Kenya. After the 16-day training, the farmers were now ready to put their skills into practice. “In Afri-ca, we have comparatively better breeds but the system of handling milk is very wanting,” says Abraham Rugut, one of the farmers who visited India. “There, milk is delivered very fast to the chilling plants, unlike here where it takes up to four hours.”

Rugut, who is also the Chairman of the dairy co-operative says quality based milk pay-ment system should be backed with some legislation by the government, especially in the milk handling/transportation.

Recently, the Kenya Dairy Board (KDB)

MaiN FeatuRe

banned hawking of milk, while the North Rift Dairy Board, under which Kabiyet Dairies falls, banned transportation of milk in plastic containers. . This is in an

While KDB’s ban is an effort to increase the percentage of processed milk from the cur-rent 20%, that by the North Rift Dairy Board is meant to sustain good quality.

Hawking of milk, an exercise through which a lot of good quality milk goes sour, arises from poor prices offered to farmers (through their dairy co-operatives) by processors. The prices fluctuate according to seasons of lean or flash. KDB managing director Machira Gichohi says, “Of concern to us is the big dif-ference between producer prices and the prices paid by consumers. Farmers get be-tween Sh32 and Sh35 per litre of milk sold while the same amount of processed milk is retailing at Sh90.”

Rugut, the Kabiyet Dairies chairman opines that the government should also support farmers in easy acquisition of inputs. “In In-dia, farmers get loans with as low as 4% in-terest. This has enabled them to easily adopt the best practices for high quality milk pro-duction.”

Under a quality-based milk payment regime, farmers will earn up to 10% more per litre. This, says Rugut, will not only encourage farmers to ensure quality, but will spur com-petition for producing more milk. The overall milk production in Kenya is therefore likely to increase.

DairyPost Africa • September 2013 19MaiN FeatuRe

If quality improves, Nestle is likely to en-ter the procurement chain, meaning more money for farmers. In South Africa, its big-gest source market in Africa, the company buys 400 tonnes of milk a day. It also buys 120 tonnes from farmers in Morocco. The company has engaged more than 700,000 farmers worldwide.

In Kenya, Nestle hopes ideal legislation and sustained adoption of best practices will en-able it take the country’s dairy sector to the next level. “We can make Kenyan milk very competitive,” asserts Scharer, the Supplier Development Manager.

DairyPost Africa • September 201320 MaiN FeatuRe

DairyPost Africa • September 2013 21MaiN FeatuRe


WWW.CHR-HANSEN.COM

New since 1874Chr. Hansen understands the importance of meeting consumer demand for delicious, healthy and safe foods. Every day we touch the lives of millions of people as a natural part of daily family life.

We are a global bioscience company serving the food, nutritional, pharmaceutical and agricultural industries.

We strive continuously to assist our customers in developing innovative, fl exible and e� ective solutions within

• Cultures• Enzymes • Natural colors• Probiotics

Combining our knowledge and technology with our customers’ requirements, we form a close collaboration to develop natural ingredient solutions.

We are in more than 30 countries. We have been around for 139 years and counting.

53399_Ann_Dairy_Post_Africa.indd 1 02/09/13 14.40


WWW.CHR-HANSEN.COM

New since 1874Chr. Hansen understands the importance of meeting consumer demand for delicious, healthy and safe foods. Every day we touch the lives of millions of people as a natural part of daily family life.

We are a global bioscience company serving the food, nutritional, pharmaceutical and agricultural industries.

We strive continuously to assist our customers in developing innovative, fl exible and e� ective solutions within

• Cultures• Enzymes • Natural colors• Probiotics

Combining our knowledge and technology with our customers’ requirements, we form a close collaboration to develop natural ingredient solutions.

We are in more than 30 countries. We have been around for 139 years and counting.

53399_Ann_Dairy_Post_Africa.indd 1 02/09/13 14.40


The couple of Moses Njoroge and Susan Nyambura is resolute about one thing. They cannot be employed, regardless of how plum a job offer can be. This resoluteness is indica-tive of just how profitable and lucrative a well-managed and professionally run dairy production outfit is.

Moses and Susan own Tassell Dairies, a model farm set on a one-and-a-quarter acre piece of land bordering Ruiru town, Kiambu County, Kenya. This location represents one arm of an expansive cattle husbandry ven-ture whose daily fruits of labour include 1,000 litres of milk sold at KSh 50 a unit. Tas-sell Dairies also rears beef cattle and heifers for sale.

FArMEr PrOFIlE

“Since we dabbled in this business over a de-cade ago, we have never looked back,” says Moses, a soft-spoken humble gentleman.

Tassells practices high quality breeding, feed-ing and milk production practices. “It should be of concern to us farmers in Kenya that vis-iting foreigners are warned not to consume the milk we produce due to its poor quality.”

This farm is so passionate about this central issue of milk quality that it offers training to any walk-in farmers, pro bono. The word “Tassells” has been derived from the Bible, and implies something of value, precious.

Under this name, the farm was established in 2009, though the couple had been practicing

Tassell Dairies


breeding for over 13 years. Throughout her schooling years, Susan’s dream was to be-come a dairy farmer of repute. It was an in-teresting coincidence when she met Moses, the love of her life, with a similar dream.

“Together, we had 19 cows which rapidly increased to 35. But even with this number, milk production was only a few litres. We had to go back to the drawing board,” recalls Susan. “We did a lot of research, focusing on breeding, nutrition, farm management and animal health care.”

Their turnaround started with selling off some of the cows and buying better pro-ducing breeds. “Our ultimate aim was to de-velop our own breeds, well adopted to the local conditions,” says Moses. The breeds are a mixture of Ayrshires, Fresians and Guern-seys. “We keep records of all our cows. This way, we know the genetic factors of all our breeds.”

Tassells bemoans the fact that dairy farmers in Kenya are always at the mercy of proces-sors in terms of payment for produce. “In developed markets, it is the farmer who dic-tactes the price of his produce. Here, it works the other way round. It is the customer, in

this case the processor, who decides how much he will pay you for your milk,” says Moses. And yet, the cost of inputs- feeds, vaccines, veterinary fees etc., is always on an upward trend.

Tassells does not supply to any specific pro-cessor. It pasteurizes the milk, grades it ac-cording to density and buffet fat content and sells to specific, -mostly end-user, customers. “We should have a regulatory regime well managed by the Kenya Dairy Board whereby they determine the cost of inputs and bench-mark the cost of payment to farmers on this,” proposes Moses.

Tassells now has 80 cows. The cost of a heifer starts at Ksh150,000 (US$1,765)


Though he welcomes the quality-based milk payment system, Moses says a lot of educa-tion and farmer awareness is required. “Dairy production is now a whole new ball game from what it was a few years ago. A serious farmer must take into account milk handling, calf rearing and cattle management, cow psychology among others.”

Tassells does not preach water and drink wine; it produces quality milk and imbibes from the same well. Moses gives us the dos and don’t’s in a nutshell:

• The quality of milk, whether good or bad, is solely your choice as a farmer. What you put into the cow is what you get from it in terms of nutrients, feeding routine, and combination of feeds. Don’t just buy hay or grass from reputable sources because your neighbor suggested so. For example, bean husks are as good as lucerne, taking into

• Buy your dairy cows from farms that prac-tice good breeding methods.

• Some farmers have started adding urea in feeds, ostensibly to activate nitrogen in

the rumen, which in turn breaks down the fibre. You must never do this without in-structions from a veterinarian.

• Never buy a cow that’s already being milked. Instead, buy one that’s almost giv-ing birth, or a heifer. This is because, milk production is hormonal, so if you buy one that’s already being milk, the cow is likely to slash output.

• The best source of information on good practices is not the merchants of outputs but from fellow farmers who’ve been in the game long enough.

• Contrary to popular perception, fresh green feeds, such as banana stalks are not ideal. This is because cows, being mam-mals, cannot digest chlorophyll, while the feeds are heavy in weight but low in nutri-tional intake.

• Patience is key. The notion that you can buy a dozen high producing dairy cows and continue the dairy production trend almost instantaneously is impractical.

DairyPost Africa • September 2013 27T

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Over the last two decades, farmers in Bangladesh have shown increased interest in rearing dairy cattle, with

focus on production of milk. Many small scale and medium sized dairy farms have al-ready been developed in the rural areas of Bangladesh, thanks to good infrastructure and growing markets. Small-scale milk pro-duction has not only improved food secu-rity in households but has also helped create numerous IGA opportunities throughout the dairy value chain.

The 2007 National Livestock Development Policy projected 10 crucial points for live-stock development; special emphasis was given on dairy development. The policy ac-knowledges that if small-scale milk produc-ers are well organized, they can grow into high- tech dairy producers.

The Bangladesh experience mirrors that of other developing countries in South Asia no-

where small-scale farmer is kingCountry’s dairy industry holds a successful model with lessons for other third world countries

tably, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The small scale farmers are widely dispersed, dis-organized, produce low quantities and lack an assured year-round guaranteed price for their milk. They also grapple with inadequate infra-structure, inputs, services and above all lack of professional management skills.

Milk Vita, the largest pioneering dairy co-operative venture in Bangladesh deals with 300,000 litres per day. It has a diversified set of dairy products, and its success from a rural home bed makes it a model in dairy progress for least developed countries.

FOCUS ON BANglADESh

If small-scale milk producers are well organized, they can grow into high- tech dairy producers


The rate of milk production month-on-month rages between 9.97% ( January) and 9.88% (December, Azad, M.A.K.,2001). Sep-tember has the lowest rate at 6.46%, while February has the highest at 10.01%.

Tropical Asian region, which Bangladesh is part of, is the largest milk producer in the world. Its integrated smallholder produc-tion system provides financial, health and social benefits to millions of rural dwellers (Falvey,L,;Chantalakhana’2001). In Bangla-desh, the dairy industry is seen as a powerful instrument for rural prosperity. As is the case in other least developed countries, devising a viable dairy development strategy for the rural smallholder calls for detailed analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats posed by the external environment (Hemme,T.;Otte,J.’2010). In Bangladesh Milk Vita has successfully developed a coopera-tive milk marketing model beyond existing traditional and informal marketing systems.

Different NGOs and private entrepreneurs like Aurong, Pran,Aftab, Akij,Bikrampur, Ul-tra, Grameen CLDDP,Grameem-Danome,RD milk, and Amo milk have also developed their own marketing system that augments dairy-drive rural prosperity.


Chr hansen supports

Transforming camel milk into cheese would significantly prolong the shelf life of the product, allowing peri-

odic collection and transportation of camel cheese from rural areas to urban centres. The resulting development and growth of a camel dairy industry would also stimulate the national economy of countries having the major camel herds.

Currently, most attempts to make cheese from camel milk have revealed major dif-ficulties. Rennetting with bovine chymosin leads to slow curd formation and a weak co-agulum.

Chr Hansen extensive research at ETH Zu-rich led by Dr. Farah allowed the develop-ment of fermentation produced camel chymosin , obtained from the stomach of a young camel .

the secret ingredient Camel milk is low in fat, high in calcium, a rich source of protein and a potent source for delicious and durable cheese, and cheese is a means to preserve the nutritious milk. The secret ingredient that will enable the camel owners to effectively produce a delicious and shelf stable cheese is the pat-ented enzyme solution from Chr Hansen called FAR-M®

FaR-M® contains camel chymosin activity that makes it very effective as a milk clotting enzyme for bovine, camel and other milk coagulation. It provides good curd firmness and superior yield as compared to the cheese made with bovine chymosin.

camel cheeseproduction


FAR-M® can be used for all cheese produc-tion, including but not limited to camel milk based. FAR-M® contains a milk-clotting en-zyme with an extremely high specific cleav-ing effect on kappa-casein (the highest among coagulants used in cheese produc-tion), resulting in a very good curd formation. The very low general proteolytic activity has also a significant influence on the flavor (less bitterness) and texture development (less break-down).

Reaching out to african Market In 2012, Chr Hansen partnered with a Kenyan company – Oleleshwa Enterprises Ltd., have initiated a CSR project aiming to improve the living condition of small-scale camel owners

in rural areas of Kenya and Somalia. The proj-ect is focused on the development of basic knowledge about camel cheese production to enable camel owners to produce camel cheese for both sales and own consumption. The project aims to improve the livelihood of thousands of rural inhabitants in Northern and Eastern Africa and will help support Chr Hansen to establish more knowledge about industrial production of camel cheese.

Chr Hansen A/S

Chr Hansen is a global biotechnology company that provides natural ingredi-ents to the food, dairy, human health and nutrition and animal health indus-tries. The company is a leading supplier of food cultures, probiotics, enzymes, colors and functional blends which are applied in foods and beverages, dietary supplements and agricultural products.


Bayer


One cold morning in August, 1961, a group of small-scale dairy farmers met over a cup of tea at a restaurant

in Githunguri town, the outskirts of Kenya’s capital, Nairobi.

They were facing a common problem- lack of a reliable market for their milk. They reck-oned that if they came together as a group, they would access bigger markets and at a better price. The result was Githunguri Dairy Farmers Co-operative Society, now ubiqui-

real firm success for allGithunguri Dairy Farmers Co-operative Society sets the pace for other producers and processors with its Fresha dairy brands

tous in the dairy sector with its Fresha brand of milk products.

It started with only 31 members but now boasts of over 22,000, with several notable achievements to boot. Fresha has the high-est market share of pasteurized fresh milk in Kenya, while for five consecutive years, the Farmers Co-operative Society has been feted as the best in Kenya by the Ministry of Co-operatives. Last year, it was recognized as the “most promising company” at the Company

FrEShA DAIry


of the Year Awards, and has previously won the Marketing Society of Kenya’s warrior award.

“The farmers can now look back and say, yes, by coming together, we have achieved our goals,” says John Kilonzo, the general manag-er. At the processing plant, it is a beehive of activity as the milk collected from the 73 milk collection centres is taken through several processes to produce yoghurt, ghee, Lala, cream, butter, and the extended shelf life va-riety. What is unique about this co-operative is that it has stayed true to its founding ide-als- collect and market members produce and provide extension services-, while at the same time maintaining a healthy balance

sheet by responding to market needs. In the process, the co-operative has also created thousands of jobs throughout the dairy sup-ply chain – from farm to table.

“We support the farmers fully in terms of col-lecting, grading and marketing of the pro-duce,” says Kilonzo. The co-operative has also fully integrated the input suppliers in the milk collection and payment chain, thus ensuring farmers get the inputs they need on demand. In fact, this input supply system (which is advanced on credit, with payment deduct-ible on milk delivered) extends beyond the usual farm inputs such as feeds and Artificial Insemination. It also provides basic domestic consumables such as sugar and flour.

MIlESTONES

1961Githunguri Dairy Farmers Co-operative established with 31 members

1992Annual general meeting resolves to start a processing plant. Each member is deducted KSh1 (US$0.01) for every litre of milk delivered, towards this venture

1997Factory is erected at current location in Githunguri town


“This in a way empowers the woman in the family since has direct access to the basic commodities,” enthuses Betty Ngatia, the Finance Manager. Besides inputs, mem-bers also have access to development and emergency loans. The development loan is determined by the number of shares while the emergency one has a cap of KSh10,000 (US$118).

Membership to this co-operative society is on an individual capacity, while the only requirements for entry are a milk-produc-ing dairy cow, shares of at least KSh1,000 (US$12) and an entrance fee of KSh3,000 (US$35). Fresha has a processing capacity of 300,000 litres of milk per day, up from 40,000

when the first plant was commissioned nine years ago. Consequently, turnover has gone up. In the 2003/2004 financial year, turnover was KSh540 million (US$6,352,941). This has increased to KSh5.04 billion (US$59,294,117) as at financial year 2011/2012. Payment to the farmers has also multiplied correspond-ingly. In 2004, they received KSh326 mil-lion (US$3,835,294). Last year, payment was KSh2.36 billion (US$27,764,705). “We have one assurance to farmers, if you produce milk, we will buy it, regardless of quantity. And to the market we say, ‘this is unparalleled real farm freshness’,” says Ngatia.

Githunguri Dairy Farmers Co-operative Soci-ety’s real secret to success has been adapt-

2006It is named “the most improved company of the year” during the Company of the Year Awards. This launches a string of other annual awards

2004Plant is commissioned with a capacity of 40,000 litres

2005The co-operative surpasses the KSh1 billion (US$11 million) mark in annual turnover


ing to challenges, backed by a strong internal governance structure. In fact, this has been its overriding philosophy since inception. When the dairy sector in Kenya was liberal-ized in the 1990s, the emerging challenge of lack of ready market for fresh milk prompted them to start the processing plant. Another emerging challenge – demand for fresh milk with extended shelf life- recently saw them introduce asceptically packed milk that re-quires no refrigeration. Fresha is the only other brand with this technology, besides Daima. “The Kenyan market is now ripe for products with an extended shelf life, as is the trend in developed countries,” says Kilonzo, adding that they are in the process of in-stalling new equipment to ready themselves for the soon-to-be-rolled out government school milk project in the country.

Though Kenya is yet to roll out the quality-based milk payment system, Fresha says its internal initiatives already have a structure in place that ensures quality. The process-ing plant is ISO 22000: 2005 Certified, while stringent milk collection procedures, stiff penalties for adulteration and mishandling of milk, and farmer education has enhanced quality of milk collected at the centres.

Nevertheless, Githunguri Dairy Farmers Co-operative has to grapple with several chal-lenges, notably poor roads (few roads in the milk catchment area are all-weather), exorbi-tant levies and double taxation (thus eating into farmers’ profits).

“We have one assurance to farmers, if you produce milk, we will buy it, regardless of quantity. And to the market we say, this is unparalleled real farm freshness” Ngatia


Mueller milk cooling tank The base of our product range is the Muel-ler milk cooling tank. This tank is easy to clean and made out of polished stainless steel for long-term durability. Maximum cooling power and low energy costs are created through an ozone-friendly insu-lated double-wall construction, automat-

Mueller – global milk cooling specialist

ic control and cleaning systems and high efficiency evaporators. Additionally, plate coolers and heat recovery systems can be in-stalled in the milk cooling system to optimize the system’s efficiency and to save on opera-tional costs. We also produce milk cooling tanks that are suitable for warm climates and daily milk collection.

For more than 60 years, Mueller has been a reliable, global partner for the milk producing industry. At this moment Mueller is exporting new and used milk cooling tanks to more than 50 countries all over the world. We are well known for our high quality raw milk cool-ing and storage solutions, technical assistance and service support. Mueller also offers safeguarding equipment to monitor the storage and cleaning conditions of the milk cooling tank.


Milk Collection PointsEmerging dairy countries are in the process of stimulating local raw milk production activities. In order to secure the raw milk supplied for the food processing industry, this raw milk should be centrally collected, cooled and stored under conditioned cir-cumstances. In this case, Mueller sets up Milk Collection Points, in cooperation with (local) milk producers, co-operatives, dairy proces-sors, government and NGOs. Installation and service are adapted to local situations and mainly handled by well trained local dealers or partner companies.

The collection points pay an important role in the transition period from small scale individual household farmer (< 5 cows) to-wards a commercial dairy family farmer (> 30 cows) equipped with its own milk cooling tank solution.

Beer and process tanks Mueller has also made its mark in the beer sector, with (cellar) beer and process tanks, and the pharmaceutical and food industry, with process and storage tanks.


By MadhuSudaNa RaO

Childhood malnutrition is a prevalent problem in India. Up to 45% of all mortality cases in children under five

years is as a result of malnutrition. Malnu-trition also leads to growth retardation and impaired psychosocial and cognitive devel-opment.

Of the children who manage to survive mal-nutrition in their early years, 165 million grow up stunted as a result. This means that their growth, learning ability, cognitive devel-opment, and future income and productivity is jeopardised – for the rest of their lives. And it also means that the development and hu-man capital of entire countries is sabotaged.

One-third of children in Andhra Pradesh (home to 35 communities officially desig-nated as Scheduled Tribes) are stunted de-spite falling poverty, considerable economic

growth and the development of significant policies. Stunting has serious long-term im-plications for health, psycho-social well-be-ing and educational achievement.

A report titled “The Impact of Growth on Childhood Poverty in Andhra Pradesh,” by Young Lives also points out that despite high-er enrolment, drop-out and school quality

Combating malnutrition in India through School milk program

SChOOl MIlk


remain critical issues.

A scheme in the name of Indiramma Amrutha Hastham, has been launched in 103 high risk integrated child development services with an outlay of Rs. 100 crore to reduce the incidence of low birth babies, malnutrition among chil-dren, reduce the incidence of infant and ma-ternal mortality. An estimated 3.5 lakh preg-nant and lactating women will be provided “one full meal” under the programme.

Under this scheme, APDDCF,Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Cooperative Federation Limited, a leading cooperative of dairy farm-ers in India, which is representing the inter-est of about one million farmers, is striving to meet the demand for quality milk for mil-lions of consumers across the state.

The milk and milk products are marketed by APDDCF under the brand name VIJAYA.

Keeping in view of the nutritional status of the children, as per the request of the APDDCF,Government of Andhra Pradesh has agreed to include milk as one of the item in

the menu for the children in anganwadi cen-tres. It was decided to supply 200 ml. Double Toned Milk with 1.5%fat and 9% Solids not Fat(SNF) to the children and lactating moth-ers under each institution.

The scheme took off well and now Vijaya Milk is being made available in the highly risk ICDS projects in the districts of Andhra Pradesh. The tribal welfare department in khammam district has accorded permission to supply of vijaya milk in 6 layer tetrapack to all the 119 tribal institutions in the district.

Further, the ICDS projects in a few districts such as Nalgonda,Khammam have opted for supply of Double Toned Vijaya milk in tetra-packs, to ensure quality milk to the children.

Thus, on the whole, the children in Andhra Pradesh are getting pure processed milk which is resulting in improvement of the nutritional status, stamina and performance as well as making it as flagship initiative of Andhra Pradesh Government in general and of APDDCF in particular.

*Madhusudana Rao, M.Sc. Dairy Technology,

is the Deputy Director, Andhra Pradesh Dairy

An estimated 3.5 lakh pregnant and lactating women will be provided “one full meal” under the programme





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