Dakar, 25 March 2010

The Links Between Migration and Labour

Markets

Jason GagnonOECD Development Centre

Workshop on Migration in West Africa:Governance and Links to Labour Markets

Migration and Labour Markets in West AfricaConcept

MotivationTwo gaps in the migration literature, particularly on its links with labour markets

1. How does migration reshape labour and employment in sending households, communities, countries?

2. What are the labour impacts of South-South migration and how are they different from other types of migration flows?

The Impact of EmigrationA Framework

Source: OECD (2010) - forthcoming

The Impact of ImmigrationBasic Neoclassical Model

Real Wage

N

Wm

W0

S0 Sm

N + M

MPL

The Impact of EmigrationBasic Neoclassical Model

Real Wage

N*

Wm

W0

S0 Sm

N* - M

MPL

W0

W-m*

MPL*

The Impact of EmigrationEmigration Rates

The Impact of EmigrationEmigration Flows to the OECD

The Impact of RemittancesRemittances to West Africa

The Impact of RemittancesRemittances from ECOWAS countries

The Impact of ImmigrationImmigration

1990 2005

Major change in the region has been in Senegal and Ghana

The Impact of EmigrationECOWAS

Different when looking at South-South flows?

What should we know?• What are the returns to migration experience?• What do return migrants do when they return? What skills do they bring back?• How does this impact others?• How does it impact labour markets? At what level?

Why?• What policies exist?• What role should policy have?

The Impact of Return MigrationReturn Migration

Dakar, 25 March 2010

jason.gagnon@oecd.org

www.oecd.org/dev

Jason GagnonOECD Development Centre

Workshop on Migration in West Africa:Governance and Links to Labour Markets

The OECD Development Centre and Global DevelopmentThe Global Development Outlook

• The OECD Development CentreA bridge between OECD countries and emerging economies

• The global dimension of the OECD Development CentreColumbia (2008), Dominican Republic (2009), Egypt (2008), India (2001), Indonesia

(2009), Mauritius (2009), Morocco (2009), Peru (2009), South Africa (2006), Thailand (2005) and Vietnam (2008)

• The Global Development Outlook2010 - Shifting Wealth: Implications for Development2011 - Social Cohesion

• A platform for debate on meaningful policy reform• Bringing OECD methods and expertise to the service of developing countries• Raising the profile of developing economies in the OECD

The OECD Development Centre and Poverty Reduction

Main references

jason.gagnon@oecd.org

OECD (2007): Policy Coherence for Development: Migration and Developing Countries. OECD Development Centre, Paris.

OECD (2007): Gaining from Migration: Towards a New Mobility System. OECD Development Centre. Paris.

OECD (2009): Is Informal Normal? Towards More and Better Jobs in Developing Countries. OECD Development Centre, Paris.

OECD (2009): Latin American Economic Outlook 2010. OECD Development Centre, Paris.