Pietro LeoInnovation Agitator & Maker
Executive ArchitectIBM Italy CTO for Big Data Analytics & Cognitive Compuitng-Watson
Global IBM Academy of Technology Technical Program Leader
Data has a gravity and is attracting decisions!How is changing our ways to work with Data at the age of
cognitive machines
@pieroleo
Every two days now(*) we create as much information as we did from the dawn of civilization up until 2003
(*) NOW = Aug, 2010
@pieroleo
90%of data created over the last 10 years was ABANDONED
90%of data is ORPHANEDevery day
60%of valuable sensory DATA LOSES VALUEin milliseconds
2XRate of DATA CREATION compared to the expansion of BANDWITHover the past decade
@pieroleo
Data Loss
Data has a gravity!
Digital Data growth and gravity distorts and impacts every component of Information Technology and business
@pieroleo
Data has a gravity!
2. Data curation leads to optimal value
3. Data is attracting Decisions
1. Compute must move to data
@pieroleo
Source: "The Relative Contribution of Multiple Determinants to Health Outcomes", Lauren McGover et al., Health Affairs, 33, no.2 (2014)
60%
30%
10%Clinical data
Genomics data
Exogenous data
1,100 Terabytes
6 TB
0.4 TB
Per lifetime
Influence on outcomes
Rapid growth of exogenous data is transforming healthcare
@pieroleo
Clinical data
Genomics data
Exogenous data
Leveraging Exogenous Data for Chronic Care (Type 2 Diabetes; Primary & Secondary Prevention)
Glucose MonitoringCalorie Intake
Stress Levels
Physical Activity
Other vital signsSocial Interaction
Affinity (retail)
Sleep Pattern
Employer (HR)
Disease management and treatment
Behavioral change and prevention
@pieroleo
How to manage dataOVERLOAD?
How to manage this new COMPLEXITY?
How to reduce DATALOSS?
@pieroleo
These kind of questions is triggering the need to have a new generation of machines...
COGNITIVE Systems...
@pieroleo
COGNITIVE Systems...
Cognitive computing systems learn and interact naturally with people to extend what either humans or machine could do on their own
WATSON is the IBM Cognitive supercomputer
11
• Won national TV show Jeopardy! in 2011
• Since 2012 first applications in Healthcare and Financial Services Sector
• In 2014 launched IBM Watson Group: invested $1B and 2.000 employees, based NYC
• Invested $100M to develop Watson Ecosystem
• In 2014 started Watson University (100 Universities)
• New generation of Watson-based Products
• In 2015 launched Watson Health division
Understands natural language1
Generates and evaluates evidence-based hypothesis
2Adapts and learns
3IBM Watson
@pieroleo
Cognitive Systems?
PRECISION, inevery industry, in every profession
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Delivering insights – focused on the individual
Clinicaldata
Genomicsdata
Exogenous data
Medical Literature
Guidelines
Institutional Knowledge Watson
HEALTH
@pieroleo
Precision Medicine
IBM Watson Health :: Professional Data
Delivering continuous proactive care for patients
One of the largest clinical datasets in the world
Watson Corpus
Over 1TB of data
Over 40m documents
Over 100m entities and relationships
16M+ patents
23M+ abstracts100+ journals
50+ books
11,000+ drugs20,000+ genes
12M+ chemical structures
Available External Data
Chemical database
Public genomics
Medical textbooks
MedlineOther journals
FDA drugs/labels
Patents
Linking scientific knowledge @pieroleo
IBM Watson Health :: Precision Medicine by Example
Ohio – MercyHealth System
Baylor College of Medicine
- Hypertension management from 54% to 65%- Breast cancer screening from 51% to 59%- Pneumonia vaccination from 23% to 31%- Tobacco cessation counseling from 22% to 44%
After 1st year
- Mammogram screenings from 57% to 72%- Colonoscopy screenings from 48% to 65%- Diabetic patients who HbA1c tested within <1year from 69% to 77%- Diabetic patients with LDL levels under control (<100) from 40% to 45%- Diabetic patients out of control (HBA1c level >9.0 or test missing) from 32% to 30%
Greater Baltimore Medical Center’s
Identified 7 targets for P53 activation within weeksWatson was used to mine the medical literature up to 2003 when only half of the P33 (phosphorylating protein kinases) had been discovered. Of the 9 found nearly a decade later, Watson accurately predicted 7.
• Increase in yield by 2.12 tons/acre (~23 %)• Water conservation 20%.• Less variability, which reduces “re-mixing” of
grapes at the winery; higher quality grapes
Precision Agriculture
15mx15m140 individual zonesRemote Control
Gallo/IBM - 2014 Vintage Report Innovation Award @pieroleo
Pietro Leo
@pieroleo
Grazie!