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OVERVIEW

Data ONTAP Fundamentals

Objectives At the end of this module, you will be able to: Explain the primary function of a storage appliance Identify the protocols supported by a storage appliance Describe the WAFL File System Describe the Snapshot feature Describe how NVRAM is implemented Describe how RAID is implemented

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Storage Appliances

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File Service Protocols NFS CIFS FCP or iSCSI DAFS HTTP FTP

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File Service ProtocolsProtocol NFS Description Network File Service protocol allows UNIX and PC NFS clients to mount file systems to local mount points. The storage appliance supports NFS v2, NFS v3, and NFS v4, NFS over UDP and TCP. Common Internet File System supports Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT 3.51, Windows NT 4.0, and Windows 2000. Fibre Channel Protocol or Internet Small Computer System Interface enables a storage device to communicate with one or more hosts running operating systems such as Solaris or Windows in a SAN environment. You can also configure logical units of storage (LUNs) for multiprotocol access, for block access or as files for file access, or both. Direct Access File System is a file access and management protocol designed for local filesharing environments. It provides low latency, high throughput, and low over hed data management. Hypertext Transfer Protocol enables Web browsers to display files that are stored on the storage appliance. File Transfer Protocol enables UNIX clients to remotely transfer files to and from the storage appliance.Restricted to NetApp Employees and NDA Channel Partners. Copyright (c) 2007 Network Appliance, Inc. All rights reserved.

CIFS

FCP or iSCSI

DAFS

HTTP FTP

Administration Services

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Administration ServicesNetApp storage appliances support the following administration services:Service Networking services Technology VLAN RIP Directory lookup services DNS NIS WINS Remote administration services RSH Telnet ssh SNMP RMT SNTP SMTP Security services Kerberos V5 LDAP V3Restricted to NetApp Employees and NDA Channel Partners. Copyright (c) 2007 Network Appliance, Inc. All rights reserved.

Service DNS Kerberos v5 LDAP v3 NDMP NIS RIP RMT rsh SMTP SNMP

Description Domain Name Service protocol enables queries for IP address vs. host names from DNS servers. Interoperate in a Windows 2000 domain as a Windows 2000 client. Lightweight Directory Access Protocol provides directory services for Windows 2000. Network Data Management Protocol enables remote backup and restore of storage appliance data to disks or tape devices, using industry standard protocol. Network Information Service protocol enables the storage appliance to query NIS servers to authenticate user names, passwords, group names, and netgroup access permissions. Routing Information Protocol enables the storage appliance to query RIP servers to determine the default gateway for the network. Remote Magnetic Tape protocol enables remote hosts to remotely access the storage appliance tape drive. Remote Shell protocol enables administrators to send commands from designated remote hosts to the storage appliance. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used to send Auto Support messages. Simple Network Management Protocol enables network management from a central administration host.Restricted to NetApp Employees and NDA Channel Partners. Copyright (c) 2007 Network Appliance, Inc. All rights reserved.

Service SNTP ssh telnet VLAN WINS

Description Simple Network Time Protocol allows time sychrinization with an NTP server. Secure Shell protocol allows secure remote administration (requires SecureAdmin) Telnet protocol enables administrators to log in, monitor, and manage the storage appliance from remote hosts using telnet client software. A Virtual Local Area Network provides a virtual local area network that is compliant with IEEE 802.1Q Windows Interface Naming Service protocol enables the storage appliance to query WINS servers to resolve CIFS netbios names.

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Terms and Definitions Storage WAFL NVRAM RAID Snapshot Network services Arrays of hot swappable Fibre Channel disks Write anywhere file layout nonvolatile random access memory Redundant array of independent disks Picture of file system at a point in time Provides connectivity via many types of protocols

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WAFL Element Storage WAFL

Description Arrays of hot-swappable Fibre Channel disks provide the raw storage used by Data ONTAP and WAFL. DefinitionWrite anywhere file layout. PurposeEnables data to be written over multiple disks, increasing speed and reliability of data storage. How data is writtenWrites data in stripes across several disks. FeaturesEnables file system to grow by adding disks as they are needed; can handle very large amounts of data. AdvantagesFaster, more reliable, high uptime for systems. Increases performance as data can be written anywhere on the system and accessed from multiple disks more quickly.

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NVRAM

DefinitionNonvolatile random access memory. PurposeImproves the response time for network transactions by caching write transactions into memory banks that are backed up by batteries. How data is writtenWhen data comes into the filer, it is first stored in one of pair of memory banks that are backed up by batteries. As one memory bank becomes full, it dumps the data onto disks while the other memory bank over the task of caching data. FeaturesSpeeds up data storage because the storage appliance is not slowed down while data is being written to disk. Because the memory banks are backed up by batteries, data is not lost in the case of a power failure. AdvantagesNVRAM is effective in maintaining filer speed while data is being written.

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RAID

DefinitionRedundant array of independent disks. PurposeStores data on a group of disks, which is safer than putting it on a single disk. Protect against disk failure and avoids disruption to users. How data is written to RAID DisksNetApp RAID 4 consists of a parity disk and several data disks. Data is written in stripes across the data disks; then parity is written to the parity disk. FeaturesIn RAID 4, if a data disk fails, the RAID manager uses the parity disk and the information contained on the remaining disks to calculate and reconstruct the missing data and then rewrite it to a replacement disk. For failure protection that is 4,000 times more reliable than RAID 4, NetApp offers RAID DP (Double-Parity RAID). RAID DP is a double disk failure protection scheme. It incorporates a second parity disk. With this scheme you can have two disks fail in a RAID group without data loss. AdvantagesPerforms much faster than other RAID systems because data is stored in NVRAM before going to disk. It is also integrated into the WAFL system so it doesnt require extra hardware or software.Restricted to NetApp Employees and NDA Channel Partners. Copyright (c) 2007 Network Appliance, Inc. All rights reserved.

Snapshot

WAFL uses Snapshot as a fast and simple file backup system. Snapshots are pictures of an entire file system as it was when the snapshot was taken. They are not complete copies of everything on the system but a sort of directory of where old files are located and what they looked like before they were changed or deleted. Snapshots enable you to find files and copy them to the regular file system. Snapshot take up less space than other backups because they keep track only of changes, not all of the data. Snapshots can be done manually or set up to take place automatically on a schedule without taking the filer offline. Up to 255 Snapshots can be stored on a traditional or flexible volume at one time. The most important feature of Snapshot that differentiates it from other file retrieval systems is the small amount of file space required. Network services provide connectivity to many types of networks using many types of protocols. Data ONTAP provides file-level access through protocols such as NFS, CIFS, DAFS, HTTP, and FTP and block-level access through Fibre Channel for SCSI and iSCSI for TCP/IP protocols.

Network services

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Data ONTAPStorage

NVRAM WAFL RAID Snapshots

Network ServicesRestricted to NetApp Employees and NDA Channel Partners. Copyright (c) 2007 Network Appliance, Inc. All rights reserved.

Topic Review What is the primary function of a storage appliance? What are the two main elements of WAFL? What is a Snapshot? What protocols are supported by the storage appliance? How is NVRAM implemented? How is RAID level 4 implemented? How is RAID-DP implemented?Restricted to NetApp Employees and NDA Channel Partners. Copyright (c) 2007 Network Appliance, Inc. All rights reserved.