Chapter 10 Database

Management

Chapter 10 Objectives

Identify the qualities of valuable informationIdentify the qualities of valuable information

Explain why data is important to an organization

Explain why data is important to an organization

Discuss the terms character, field, record, and file

Discuss the terms character, field, record, and file

Identify file maintenance techniquesIdentify file maintenance techniques

Differentiate between a file processing system approach and the database approach

Differentiate between a file processing system approach and the database approach

Discuss the functions common to most DBMSs

Discuss the functions common to most DBMSs

Describe characteristics of relational, object-oriented, and multidimensional databases

Describe characteristics of relational, object-oriented, and multidimensional databases

Explain how Web databases workExplain how Web databases work

Discuss the responsibilities of databases analysts and administrators

Discuss the responsibilities of databases analysts and administrators

Next

Data and Information

What is data ?

p. Fig. 10-1 Next

Collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video

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Data and Information

What is Information ?

p. Fig. 10-3 Next

Processed data; that is, it is organized, meaningful, and useful

The processes this new member data and payment data

Data and Information

How a fitness center might process data into information ?

p. Fig. 10-2 Next

Step 1. The member data, including a photograph, is entered and stored on a hard disk

Step 2. A computer extracts the member data from the disk and obtains the amount due based on the type of membership plan

Step 3. When the amount due of $39.50 is paid, the receipt is created and printed. (The Weekender plan is $39.50 per month.)

Web server forwww.company.com

Data and Information

What is Database and Database Software ?

p. Fig. 10-4 Next

Collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of that data

Often called a databases management system (DBMS), users create a computerized databases

Data and Information

What is Data Integrity ?

p. Fig. 10-5 Next

Data is one of their more valuable assets

Data is used to generate information Data Integrity identifies the

quality of the data Garbage in, garbage out (GIGO)

is a computer phrase that means you cannot create correct information from data that is incorrect

A

Data and Information

What are Qualities of Valuable Information?

p. Next

Cost-effective information should give more value than it costs

to produce

Cost-effective information should give more value than it costs

to produce

Accessible information is available when the

decision maker needs it

Accessible information is available when the

decision maker needs it

Timely information has an age suited to its use

Timely information has an age suited to its use

Organized information is arranged to suit the

needs and requirements of the

decision maker

Organized information is arranged to suit the

needs and requirements of the

decision maker

Useful information has meaning to the person

who receives it

Useful information has meaning to the person

who receives it

Verifiable information can File Processing

Versus Databases oven as correct or incorrect

Verifiable information can File Processing

Versus Databases oven as correct or incorrect

Accurate information is free errorAccurate information is free error

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The Hierarchy Of Data

What is Characters ?

p. Fig. 10-7 Next

The smallest unit of data the computer can process

The Hierarchy Of Data

What is Fields ?

p. Fig. 10-8 Next

Combination of one or more related characters

The Hierarchy Of Data

What is records ?

p. Fig. 10-9 Next

Group of related fields Key field Primary field

The Hierarchy Of Data

What is Files ?

p. Fig. 10-10 Next

Collection of related records stored on disk such as a hard disk, CD, or DVD

Maintaining Data

What is Adding Records ?

p. Fig. 10-11 Next

Users add new records to a f i le when they obtain new data

Maintaining Data

What is Changing Records?

p. Fig. 10-12 Next

Correct inaccurate data or Update old data with new data

Maintaining Data

What is Deleting Records ?

p. Fig. 10-13 Next

A record no longer is needed, a user deletes it from file

Maintaining Data

What is validating data ?

p. Fig. 10-14 Next

Process of comparing data with a set of rules or values to find out if the data is correct Alphabetic/numeric check Range check Consistency check Completeness check Check digit

File Processing Versus Databases

What is File Processing System ?

p. Fig. 10-15 Next

Each department or area within and organization has its own set of files

Have two major weaknesses Data redundancy Isolated data

File Processing Versus Databases

What is Database approach ? Many programs and users share the data in the

database

p. Fig. 10-16 Next

Reduced data redundancy

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Improved data integrity

Shared data

Easier access

Reduced development time

Database Management Systems

What is Data dictionary ?

p. Fig. 10-18 Next

Contains data about each file in the database and each field within those file

Sometimes called a repository

Database Management Systems

What is a Query and Query Language ?

p. Fig. 10-19 Next

A query is a request for specific data from the database

A query language consists of simple, English-like statements that allow users to specify the data to display, print, or store

Database Management Systems

p. Fig. 10-2 Next

.

How to use the simple query wizardHow to use the simple query wizard

Step 1: select the

fields from

the available

fields list that

you want to be

displayed

Step 2: assign a name

to the query, so you

can open it later

Step 3: view the query

results on the screen

Database Management Systems

What is Data security ?

p. Fig. 10-22 Next

A DBMS provides means to ensure that only authorized users access data at permitted times

Define the actions that a specific user or group of users can perform

Database Management Systems

What is Backup and Recovery ?

p. Figs. 10-20–10-21 Next

A backup, or copy, of the entire database

Which is listing of activities that change the contents of the database

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Relational, Object-Oriented, and Mult idimensional Databases

What is Relational Database ?

p. Fig. 10-25 Next

A database that store data in tables that consist of rows and columns

A relationship is a connection within the data

Relational, Object-Oriented, and Mult idimensional DatabasesWhat is Object-Oriented Database (OODB) ? Stores data in objects Examples of OODB :

p. Fig. 10-16 Next

Multimedia Database

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Groupware Database

Computer-aided design database stores

Hypertext database Web database

Relational, Object-Oriented, and Mult idimensional Databases

What is Multidimensional Databases ?

p. Fig. 10-27 Next

Stores data in dimensions Sometimes known as hypercube

Web Databases and Database Administration

What is Database Design Guidelines ?

p. Fig. 10-29 Next

A carefully designed database makes it easier for a user to query the database, modify the data, and create reports

Web Databases and Database AdministrationWhat is Role of the Database Analysts and Administrators ?

p. Fig. 10-31 Next

Responsible for managing and coordinating all database activities

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Web Databases and Database Administration

What is Role of the Employee as a User ?

p. Fig. 10-32 Next

Should learn how to use the data in the database effectively

Summary of Database Management

Discussed how data and information are valuable assets to an organization

Discussed how data and information are valuable assets to an organization

Presented methods for maintaining high-quality data and assessing the quality of

valuable information

Presented methods for maintaining high-quality data and assessing the quality of

valuable information

Discussed the advantages of organizing data in a database and described various types of

database

Discussed the advantages of organizing data in a database and described various types of

database

Presented the roles of the database analysts and administrators

Presented the roles of the database analysts and administrators

Chapter 10 Complete