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technology at new heightsSeptember 27, 2005

Fundamentalsof

Data Center Design

Avo Amirian RCDD

CEO


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BSEE- University of Illinois One of the founders of LANET 17 years ago Registered Communication Distribution Designer

(RCDD)/LAN Over 20 years experience in IT and telecomminfrastructure design, planning and implementation

One of the architects and implementers of MotorolasInternational Wide Area Communication System and theWide Area Network of the cellular communicationsystems of many carriers in the United States

Has spoken in a number of technology conferencesacross US and Canada

CEO of Pinnacle Communication Services Serves on the Board of Directors of Junior Achievementand Alliance for Community Outreach.

Avo Amirians Biography


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Objective

To present various topicsTo present various topics

and issues impacting theand issues impacting the

design of a data center anddesign of a data center anditems to consider whenitems to consider when

designing a data centerdesigning a data center


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AgendaIntroductionIntroduction

Codes vs. StandardsCodes vs. Standards

ReliabilityReliability

Data Center ClassificationsData Center Classifications

Business needsBusiness needsDesign ConsiderationsDesign Considerations

Cost FactorsCost Factors

Other ConsiderationsOther Considerations

Questions to AskQuestions to Ask

Q&AQ&A


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provides comprehensiveinformation technology,

connectivity and voice/datacommunication services includingconsulting, design,implementation and support

services


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Information Technology and telecommunication infrastructure

consulting, design, planning, installation/support

Telephony Services

Cabling Design/Build Services

Data Center Design/Build Services

Structured Cabling Services

Technology Relocation Planning/Project Management

Equipment disconnect/reconnect services

Our Services


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Certifications and Partnerships
http://www.mci.com/http://www.avaya.com/ac/common/index.jhtmlhttp://www.sbc.com/http://www.nortelnetworks.com/http://www.hp.com/http://www.amp.com/http://www.gilian.com/http://www.forescout.com/index.htmlhttp://www.lucent.com/systimax/http://www.intel.com/http://www.dell.com/http://www.ibm.com/http://www.cisco.com/http://www.novell.com/http://www.compaq.com/http://www.siemon.com/http://www.liebert.com/http://www.bicsi.com/http://www.cai.com/http://www.3com.com/http://www.microsoft.com/


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AmgenAT&T Wireless ServicesEarthlinkGTE CaliforniaLucent TechnologiesMCI - System housePacific Bell Video ServicesWestern Digital

XeroxBlue Shield of CaliforniaBriteSmileCIGNACleveland Chiropractic CollegeClinicas Del Camino RealHot TopicSmart & FinalConnecticut General Life

InsuranceGreat West LifeLiberty Mutual InsuranceMarsh Risk Insurance ServicesNational Automobile & Casualty

Insurance

Cal. State University Northridge

(CSUN)L. Beach Unified School DistrictMount St. Marys CollegeOntario-Montclair School DistrictPasadena Unified School DistrictPepperdine UniversityUniversity of Southern California

Western UniversityARCS Commercial MortgageAames Financial CorporationBank of AmericaCalifornia National BankCiticorpFirst American Title CorporationKPMGLockheed Federal Credit Union

Los Angeles Teachers CreditUnionResidential FundingRockwell Federal Credit UnionSunAmerica, Inc.United Savings BankWestern Financial Bank

HerbalifeJapanese National MuseumNew Century Title CompaniesPillsbury Winthrop LLPHaight Brown & BonesteelAmerican Film InstituteDIC EntertainmentEntertainment Partners

SonyTechnicolorThe Game Show NetworkTicket MasterUniversal StudiosUnivisionWalt Disney StudiosWalt Disney Motion Picture and

Television

Seabury & SmithHarman KardonJBL ProfessionalNeutrogenaRed Bull North AmericaTeradyne

Partial List of Our Clients


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IP and impact of IP on cabling infrastructure

Air Conditioning

Voice

Data

Video

Fire

Life

Safety

Access

Surveillance

DetectionHeating

Ventilation

Power

Lighting

Elevators

Office Automation Systems

Fire/Life/Safety Systems

Security Systems

HVAC Systems

Energy Management Systems

SStructuredtructured

CConnectivityonnectivity

SSolutionolution

And AnAnd An

ExperiencedExperienced

TeamTeam

OneOne

Communication &Communication &

ControlControl

Infrastructure forInfrastructure for

All Systems andAll Systems andServicesServices


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SCS Subsystems

MCER

TO = Telecommunications OutletTO = Telecommunications Outlet

TC = Telecommunications ClosetTC = Telecommunications Closet

IC = Intermediate Cross-ConnectIC = Intermediate Cross-Connect

MC = Main Cross-ConnectMC = Main Cross-ConnectER = Equipment RoomER = Equipment Room

EF = Entrance FacilityEF = Entrance Facility

Campus BackboneCampus Backbone

HorizontalHorizontalRiser BackboneRiser Backbone

Work AreaWork Area

EquipmentEquipment

AdministrationAdministration

TC

TC

TO

Common Horizontal PathwayCommon Horizontal Pathway

EF

ICIC

FIRE


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UTP/Copper Cable Categories

Cable Speed Cost/ftCAT3 10MB $.08

CAT5 100MB N/A

CAT5E 1GB $0.13Enhanced CAT5E 1GB $0.21

CAT6 1BG + $0.30

CAT6E 1GB+ $0.38


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Cost ComparisonsCableManufacturer Dual CAT6Single CAT3

PlenumDual CAT5ESingle CAT3Plenum

Dual CAT6Single CAT3Non-plenum

Dual CAT5ESingle CAT3Non-plenum

SystimaxSolutions

$4.25/sqft $3.60/sqft $3.10/sqft $2.90/sqft

100,000 sq-ft basic cabling for standard tenant improvement

Note: Cost of cabinets and intra data center cabling is not included as this is typicallytreated as part of an IT budget.

The typical construction cost of a data center ranges between $300-$500per square feet


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Codes Vs Standards

Codes are laws set up by public agenciesCodes are laws set up by public agencies

for protection and safety of the publicfor protection and safety of the public

Standards are recommended minimumStandards are recommended minimum

requirements developed and maintainedrequirements developed and maintainedby organizations like ISO, IEEE, EIA/TIAby organizations like ISO, IEEE, EIA/TIA

and others mainly to ensureand others mainly to ensure

interoperability.interoperability.


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BICSI

Building Industry Consulting Servicesuilding Industry Consulting ServicesInternational (BICSI)nternational (BICSI)BICSI's mission is to enhance theICSI's mission is to enhance thetelecommunications industry by providingelecommunications industry by providingexcellent education, promoting skil l sharing,xcellent education, promoting skil l sharing,and assessing knowledge with professionalnd assessing knowledge with professionalregistration programs such asegistration programs such as RCDD.RCDD.


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Reliability

Reliability is in the eye of the beholderReliability is in the eye of the beholder

What is acceptable to one person or companyWhat is acceptable to one person or company

may not be acceptable to the nextmay not be acceptable to the next

Five 9s (99.999%)Five 9s (99.999%)

Often human errors and operationalOften human errors and operationalprocedures are the cause of poor reliabilityprocedures are the cause of poor reliability

Reliability vs availabilityReliability vs availability

Need to define what the expected reliability is,Need to define what the expected reliability is,

but you need to be realisticbut you need to be realistic


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Data Center Classifications

Data Center Tier Classification is used in the industry for building datacentersA site that can sustain at least one unplanned worst-cast siteinfrastructure failure with no critical load impact is considered faulttolerant.

A site that is able to perform planned site infrastructure failure activitywithout shutting down critical load is concurrently maintainable.A typical data center is composed of at least 20 mechanical, electrical,security and other systems; all of these need to be concurrentlymaintainable and/or fault tolerant in order for the entire site to beconsidered concurrently maintainable or fault tolerant.These classifications apply to the data center itself and do not apply tothe connectivity components, routers, switches, servers, etc.


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Data Center Classifications(continued)

Tier I

Single path for power and cooling distribution, no redundant components, 99.671%availability. (Estimated Cost per $350/sqft and up)

Tier II

Single path for power and cooling distribution, redundant components, 99.741%availability. (Estimated Cost per $400/sqft and up)

Tier III

Multiple power and cooling distribution paths, but only one path active, redundantcomponents, concurrently maintainable, 99.982% availability) (Estimated Cost per$450/sqft and up)

Tier IV

Multiple active power and cooling distribution paths, redundant components, fault tolerant(99.995% availability. (Estimated Cost per $500/sqft and up)


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General Data Design Considerations

Adherence and compliance to UBCAdherence and compliance to UBC

Location, location, location in the building or on theLocation, location, location in the building or on the

campuscampus

Square footage and Dimensions of the Data CenterSquare footage and Dimensions of the Data Center

Adequate Space and Space PlanningAdequate Space and Space Planning


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Sample floor plan/space analysis

11

111'

111

'

11nd

floor

11st floor

22th floor

111'-1"

295is the magicnumber forhorizontalcabling


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Sample floor plan/space analysis

1ft.1in.

1ft.

22ft.

222in.

111

sqft

1ft.

1ft.

1ft.

1ft.1in.

1ft.

1ft.1in.

1ft.1in.

1ft.

11ft.

11ft.

222sqft

1ft.

11in.

1ft.

11ft.

1ft.

1ft.

1ft.

11ft.

111

sqft


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Data Center Design ConsiderationsAccess and Pathways

Pathways to the data center for cablingPathways to the data center for cabling

Physical Access and securityPhysical Access and security

Life, SafetyLife, Safety

LightingLighting

24/7 requirements24/7 requirementsStorage for spare parts and patch cordsStorage for spare parts and patch cords

Workstations in the data centerWorkstations in the data center

Safe, reliable, user friendlySafe, reliable, user friendly

Americans with disability act (ADA), RAMPAmericans with disability act (ADA), RAMP


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Racks, Cabinets, Ladder Racking

Clearances, specially from PDUs, electricalClearances, specially from PDUs, electrical

panels and A/C units, minimum 3ft clearnace.panels and A/C units, minimum 3ft clearnace.

Racks, cabinets for placing equipmentRacks, cabinets for placing equipment

Impact of 1U serversImpact of 1U serversImpact of Deeper cabinetsImpact of Deeper cabinets

Cabling, connectivity and interconnectivityCabling, connectivity and interconnectivity Fiber MM, SMFiber MM, SM 10BG Copper10BG Copper

Ladder Racking, Cable TrayLadder Racking, Cable Tray


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Data Center Design ConsiderationsStructural/Electrical/Mechanical

Fire Suppression (FM200 or dry pipe)Fire Suppression (FM200 or dry pipe)

Uninterruptible Power System (UPS)- Load CalculationUninterruptible Power System (UPS)- Load Calculation

Backup GeneratorBackup Generator

Emergency Power Off Switch at each exitEmergency Power Off Switch at each exit

Electrical distribution in the data centerElectrical distribution in the data centerGrounding and BondingGrounding and Bonding

Floor LoadingFloor Loading

Antistatic FlooringAntistatic Flooring

Cooling/Air Conditioning (A/C) , Heat load calculationsCooling/Air Conditioning (A/C) , Heat load calculations

Raised FloorRaised Floor(plenum patch cords under raised floors(plenum patch cords under raised floors))Environmental Monitoring and NotificationEnvironmental Monitoring and Notification


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General Data Center Maintenance

Data Center HandbookData Center Handbook

Operational Procedures and maintenanceOperational Procedures and maintenance

Change ControlChange Control

Access ControlAccess Control

Capacity planningCapacity planning

Compliance AuditCompliance Audit

A/C, UPS test/maintenanceA/C, UPS test/maintenance


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Electrical Load Calculations

Nameplate RatingNameplate Rating

VA rating (KVA)VA rating (KVA)

Actual LoadActual Load

UPS sizingUPS sizing

UPS runtimeUPS runtime

UPS heat generationUPS heat generation

EPO switchEPO switch

Smart power distributionSmart power distribution

Environmental MonitoringEnvironmental Monitoring


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A/C Load Calculation

AC (tons) = (VA*VA by 3.4)/12000AC (tons) = (VA*VA by 3.4)/12000

Heat DistributionHeat Distribution

Air CirculationAir Circulation


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The goal is the minimize the total number of telecommunicationclosets (TCs) unless there are other business/logistical reasons.By reducing the number of the TCs, the cost of construction (i.e.HVAC, electrical, doors, l ighting, security), Electronic/Switches,backbone cabling and other costs including ongoing maintenance andutil ity costs can be reduced dramatically

Three main factors to consider

Value engineeringwithout sacrificing quality

1. S ize and d imensions of computer room and te lecommunication c losets(TC)2 . S ize and d imensions o f o f each f loo r

3. Number of f loors


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Word Of Wisdom

Always have your local Mechanical, Electrical,Always have your local Mechanical, Electrical,

structural and other registered professionalstructural and other registered professional

engineers as deemed necessary to approve yourengineers as deemed necessary to approve your

design to make sure your design is in compliancedesign to make sure your design is in compliance

with all required building codes.with all required building codes.


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Useful Reference Material

BICSI TDM Manual

813-979-1991or 800-242-7405-BICSI.ORG

National Electric Code (NEC)Local and all applicable Codes

AFCOM -AFCOM HeadquartersP:714-997-7966F:714-997-9743afcom.com
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Use our resources to help you address any questions you may

have

Let us help you by providing information that you can use to

better design the space for your clients
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Pinnacle Communication Services

(818) 246-2000

Arica Simpson Project Administration - ext: 246

[email protected]

Avo Amirian CEO- New Business Development - ext: 216

cell (818) 612-5410

[email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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technology at new heightsSeptember 27 2005

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