Data/Frame Memory

PE 0

PE 1

PE 2

PE 3

PE N

… …ControlInstruction Memory

Interconnect

The SIMD Concept

Embedded Computer Architecture

5KK73 TU/e Henk CorporaalBart Mesman

SIMD: XETAL and IMAP

Xetal-IIPhilips, NXP, TU/e

XETAL-II

SRAM8051

ZigBee

CPLD

Xetal-II

• 600 mW

• 90 nm CMOS

• 53.5 GOPS (arithmetic only) @ 84MHz

Best computationalefficient programmable silicon in 2007

[Kleihorst, et al.2007]

GPO

Out

I2C

GPIProgram

(16k x 56b)Data

(2k x 16b)

Linear Processor Array(320 PEs)

Sequential I/O Memory(2 lines x 320 words)

DIP DOPFrame Memory(2048 lines x 320 words)

IME

M (2

40 k

b)

OM

EM

,LU

T (2

40 k

b)

In

Xetal-II Processor

PE 0 … ...

AGU

Frame Memory(2k entries)

PE 1 PE 319PE 1

Neighborhood Communication Network

All PEs access the same line of the Frame Memory

Xetal-II Memory Access

Integrated Memory Array Processor IMAP (NEC)

IMAP-CEIMAP-CE

IMAP-1

IMAP-VISION

1990 　 1995 　 2000 2005 2010

1

0.1

10

100

40MHz, 32PE/Chip

15MHz, 8PE /Chip

Peak Performance(GOPS)

100MHz, 128PE/Chip4-Way VLIW ,50GOPS

0.18um, 2 ～ 4Watt

IMAP-240MHz, 64PE/Chip

IMAPCARIMAPCAR

100MHz, 128PE/Chip4-Way VLIW+MAC, 100GOPS(-40℃ ～ 85 ), 0.13 um, ℃<2Watt

1000

IMAP Series Processors (NEC)

ISSCC’03

ISSCC’95

Year

11.0mm

11.0

mm

PE8 PE8 PE8 PE8 PE8

PE8 PE8 PE8 PE8 PE8

PE8 PE8 PE8

PE8 PE8 PE8

CP

EXTIFDPLL

IMAP-CE(32.7M Tr, 0.18um)

(PE8: eight PEs integration block)

CAMP’97

[Shorin Kyo, et al.2005]

IMAPCAR Block Diagram and Features

Video IN

Video OUTP$,D$,STK RAM

EMEM

Host Processor

Control Processor (CP)

4 Way VLIW PE

4 Way VLIW PE

4 Way VLIW PE

SR0 SR1SR2

IMEM

IMEM

IMEMExte

rnal

Mem

. I/F

12.8 GByte/s0.8 GByte/s

0

1

127

SR3

128

EMEM

EMEM

EMEM

ADD MUL RDU

24 x 8b General Purpose Registers

To/Fr other PEs

To/Fr IMEM

LSU COMM

To/Fr CP

LOG

4) 128 individual RAM blocks

1) 128 4-Way VLIW PEs2) < 2W @ 100MHz3) 130nm CMOS

ALUx1,MULx1,LOGx1,LSUx1

PE 0 … ...AGU

Ring-Connected Shift-Register Network

PE 1AGUPE 127AGU

8bit x 2K 8bit x 2K 8bit x 2K

IMAPCAR Memory Access: local addressing support

Each PE could access different lines of the MemoryRequires separate memory module per PE

IMAPCAR2: XC core

(NEC)

XC Core: SIMD/MIMD

90nm CMOS, 108MHz

[Shorin Kyo, et al.2009]

XC Core: SIMD Mode

XC Core: MIMD Support

4 SIMD PE -> 1 MIMD FPU

Xetal-Pro

TU/e : 2010

PE 0 … ...AGU

Frame Memory(2k entries)

PE 1 PE 319PE 1

Neighborhood Communication Network

Scratchpad Memory (32 entries)

Xetal-Pro Memory Access

All PEs access the same line of the Scratchpad Memory or Frame Memory

Characteristics:

1) 320 single-issue PEs

2) 80GOPS @ 125MHz

3) 65nm CMOS

4) 1pJ/op at sub-

threshold