Date Session # Activity Page #11/7,10 3 Earth’s Interior Review 4

Continental Drift 5

Plate Tectonics 6

11/12-13 4 Subduction 6

Plate Boundary Summary 6

Plate Boundary Map 7

Earth’s future quick write 8

Homework:Read 22A-28A ?’s 3,5 on 28ARead 30A-36A ?’s 1-4 on p41A

Warm up -- tape diagram to page 7 of notebookLabel: convergent oceanic-oceanic boundary, convergent oceanic-continental boundary, divergent boundary, mid-ocean ridge, coastal volcanic mountains, island arc, convection currents

Oceanic crust

Oceanic crust

Oceanic crustContinental crust

Essential Standard

8.E.2 Understand the history of Earth and its life forms based on evidence of change recorded in fossil records and landforms.

8.E.2.2 Explain the use of fossils, ice cores, composition of sedimentary rocks, faults, and igneous rock formations found in rock layers as evidence of the history of the Earth and its changing life forms

Obj: TLW describe the evidence supporting the theory of continental drift by completing organizers using information from lecture, video, and demonstrations, then explain in a quick write why the circumference of the earth isn’t getting larger.

Earth’s Interior Structure p4

Earth’s Interior Structure p4

Continental Drift

p5

Wegener’s EvidenceWegener noticed that earth’s continents appeared to

fit together like a puzzle. He hypothesized that they were once joined as a single landmass – Pangaea

Evidence:1.Matching Fossils in S. America and W. Africa –

nowhere else in the world2.Climate: tropical plant fossils found in Greenland,

near the arctic circle, and Antarctica. South African rock formations show evidence of ice sheet scratches

3.Matching Rock Layers/Mountains in S. America match those in W. Africa. Appalachian Mtns have limestone similar to Scotland’s Highlands

Pangaea

Sea Floor SpreadingScientists mapping ocean floor found huge underwater

mountain ranges—Mid Ocean Ridges1. Ridges form along cracks in the crust. Molten rock

rises through crack, forms new crust, older material is pushed away from the crack. Crust created.

2. Drilling samples of sea floor reveal youngest rock is closed to the ridge, oldest is furthest. Oldest ocean floor is younger than continental crust.

3. Ocean trenches found far from ridges. Oceanic crust sinks under continental crust and melts into asthenosphere. Crust destroyed

Magnetic Reversals• Earth’s poles reverse every 200,000-300,00 years. • Minerals in magma rising through the mid ocean ridge

align themselves with earth’s magnetic pole.• As the rock cools, the minerals stay fixed in this position,

like a compass needle• The “stripes” of rock along the ocean floor record these

reversals and are symmetrical to the mid ocean ridge.

Demodescription

Plate Tectonics p6

Earth’s lithosphere is broken into huge plates that move over the surface of the Earth. The movement is due in large part to convection currents in the mantle’s asthenosphere.

• 1. Convergent• 2. Divergent • 3. Transform

TECTONIC PLATES

There are 3 types of

plate boundaries

TECTONIC PLATES• The Lithosphere broken into many

large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates and where two plates meet, a lot of changes can occur.

• Key word: Divide

DIVERGENT

DIVERGENT

• What occurs at this boundary?– New Crust Forms– Mid-ocean ridges– Rift valleys– Volcanoes– Earthquakes

DIVERGENT

Divergent BoundaryAfrican Rift Valley

Divergent BoundaryMid Atlantic Ridge

•Key word: Collide

•3 types of convergent:(based on types of crust at the boundary)

–Continental-continental–Oceanic-oceanic–Oceanic- continental

CONVERGENT

CONVERGENT: CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL

•What occurs at this boundary?

–Folded mountains –Earthquakes

CONVERGENT: CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL

Zagros Mountains, Iran

Convergent BoundaryContinental Plate – Continental Plate

Himalayan Mountains

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-OCEANIC

• What occurs at this boundary?–Deep-ocean

trenches– Subduction zone– Volcanic island

arcs– Earthquakes

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC-OCEANIC

Aleutian Islands (Alaska)

Japan

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL

• What occurs at this boundary?

• Deep-ocean trenches• Subduction zone• Coastal volcanic mountains• Earthquakes

CONVERGENT: OCEANIC- CONTINENTAL

Andes MountainsSouth America

• When one plate sinks under another plate

CAN ONLY HAPPEN when an oceanic plate is involved…

• Continental & oceanic plate collide = oceanic plate ALWAYS sinks because it is more DENSE.

• Oceanic & oceanic plate collide = the older more dense plate sinks!

SUBDUCTION?What is

Subduction?

• Key word: Slide

TRANSFORM

TRANSFORM

• What occurs at this boundary?

•Faults•Earthquakes

TRANSFORM

Transform BoundarySan Andreas Fault California

Transform BoundarySan Andreas Fault California

Transform BoundarySan Andreas Fault California

• http://www.sepuplhs.org/middle/iaes/students/simulations/SEPUP_Plate_simulation.swf

PLATE MOTION SIMULATION

Then there are Hot Spots

• Usually located far from plate boundaries• Created when a plume of magma rises and

melts the crust above it. • As the plate moves, the hot spot stays,

creating a series of volcanic islands or volcanoes

• Examples: Hawaiian Islands, Yellowstone

Screen, shaving cream example

Demo, add description to notes

Plate boundary interactions

Sea Floor Spreading Lab

Read the directionsComplete the activityAnswer questions completely

On pg. 7 of your IN….Using the plate boundary map 1. Create a color coded key for each type of plate boundary2. Find and color a segment of each of the three types of convergent

boundaries on the map, label with type (o-o, o-c, cc) and land form 3. Find and color a segment of a divergent boundary on your map,

label land form created. (If you can find two divergent boundaries, one on land and one beneath the sea…even better!)

4. Find and color a segment of a transform boundary on your map5. Find and color a hot spot

Map Reading

Convergent Boundary: Divergent Boundary continental – continental (c-c) Transform Boundarycontinental – oceanic (c-o)oceanic – oceanic (o-o) Hot Spot

• Billions of years in the future, Earth’s core will have completely cooled. How will this affect earth’s surface?