Dawood Public School Course Outline 2013-14

History Class VII

Book:

Crompton, T. 2008. History in Focus 2. Karachi: Peak Publication.

Yearly Syllabus:

Month Contents Page #

August

The achievement of the early Islamic world

Raiders and Rulers

13-27 28-42

September

Raiders and Rulers 28-42

October

The Dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate 43-56

November

The Voyages of Discoveries Revision for Mid-Term Exam

57-66

December

Mid-Year Examination

January

The Mughal Dynasty I: Babur to Akber 67-88

February

The Mughal Dynasty I: Babur to Akber The Mughal Dynasty 2-the Glory Days and the

decline

67-88 89-109

March

The Mughal Dynasty 2-the Glory Days and the

decline

89-109

April

Mughal Architecture

Revision for Final Exam

May Final Examination 2014

Syllabus Contents:-

August:

Al-Razi Al-Biruni on Pakistan’s Ticket

Topic Learning Outcomes Activity

The Acievement of the early Islamic world

Pg 13 - 27

Golden Age of Islam

The time from 8th till 11th century

Military conquests of Islam brought Muslims into contact with different civilizations.

Muslims were able to learn medicine, art, architecture and philosophy from these different civilizations

Arabic language spread under the Umayyads

In the 8th and 9th centuries scholars translated the writings of other and earlier civilizations into Arabic.

Cities of culture and learning

Great Islamic cities Samarkand, Cordoba and Cairo became centers of learning with schools, libraries, laboratories and observatories.

Flash Card activity will be held in classes.

Students will make an assignment on Muslim scientists.

“House Of Wisdom” was the university built by Caliph Mamun al Rashid.

It was also a translation workshop where books of different languages were translated

Polymath scholars

Polymath means a person who is expert in different subjects

Al- Kindi was one of the polymath scholar

Acievement in Islamic science

Advances in Medicine

Rhazes

He studied alchemy, music, literature, philosophy , magic and medicine

His famous work was on smallpox and measles

He wrote many books

Ibn Sina

He was also a polymath who worked as a doctor

His most famous book is “Canon of medicine”.

He worked out that the planet Venus is closer to the earth than to the sun.

New hospitals and colleges

First Islamic hospital was built in Baghdad

The hospital had specialists

Over the next few hundred years many hospitals were started throughout the Muslim world.

The most famous hospital built later was al-Nuri hospital in Damascus

It was free for all whether poor or rich

In the 11th century travelling clinics were also started

Chemists and alchemists

Alchemy had been practiced in Greece and Egypt. As Muslims read these books they themselves started experimenting it.

Raiders and Rulers Pg 28 - 42

The studies of alchemy led to new advances and discoveries in chemistry.

Muslim mathematicians

Al- Haytham - did much to advance the study of mathematics.

Musa al-Khwarizmi was the first to describe zero.

Al –Uqlidisi developed the decimal fraction by 950.

Studying the stars

Astronomy is the study of stars

Abu Abdullah al Battani was an early Arab astronomer who corrected the mistakes in Ptolemy’s work.

Al- Biruni studied the eclipses to work out the longitudes.

Ibn – Yunus wrote an astronomical guide for Muslim prayer times.

Achievements in Islamic arts

geometric and designs based on plant life were made.

New developments in architecture

The most distinctive style of Islamic building is the mosque with dome and minaret.

Decorative art and textiles

Tile work

Glass work

Metal work

Calligraphy

Early Muslims in Sub continent

Arabs came to the sub continent mainly for trading

They wanted to spread Islam

They were very much inspired by the temples full of jewels and precious stones

Sindh a larger province

In early times Sindh was referred to almost all of the area of today’s Pakistan including Kashmir.

People of Sindh were farmers and

sea pirates

Major exports of Sindh were sugar, teak wood, camels, salt and Indian slaves.

Sindh settlements • Lahore – still famous today • Multan – the ‘House of Gold’ • The lost city of Debal – a major port

Assignments:

A research assignment about Muslim chemists, early scientists and mathematicians will be given.

Model Questions:

Why did the Arab Muslims arrive in the subcontinent in early 7th Century?

Who was Al-Biruni? What did he say about River Indus and Kashmir?

How did M.Bin Qasim gain control over Sindh?

September:

Ghuri Dynasty Qutub Minar

Topic Learning Outcomes Activity

Raiders and Rulers ( Contd )

Muhammad bin Qasim storms Sindh

Hajjaj bin Yousuf sent Mohammad bin Qasim to Sindh to take revenge from Raja Dahir.

He stayed here for three years and established an efficient system of law and tax collection.

The Ghaznavid Empire

Subuktigin, a Turkish leader built his empire at Ghazni

He was followed by his son Mehmood Ghaznavi

Mehmood started jihad in India and he is also known as the idol breaker

During his times Lahore had become a important cultural centre

After him his descendants couldn’t keep the empire intact and it started dividing into pieces.

The Ghauris

The Ghauris were Afghan tribesman from Ghur

In 1151 Ghauri leader, Alauddin Hussain burnt Ghazni in retaliation

In 1175 a new Ghauri leader Mohammed Ghauri conquered Multan, Peshawar and Sialkot.

In 1193 his general conquered Delhi, Assam, Bengal and Bihar.

Mohammed Ghauri made Qutubuddin his viceroy of the newly conquered areas and returned to his capital, Ghazni.

Quiz competition will be held.

Model Questions: How many groups of Muslim leaders did the Delhi Sultanate have?

What happened in the Battle at Peshawar in 1001?

October:

Mongol’s attacks in Asia Tughluq Dynasty

Topic Learning Outcomes Activity

The Dynasties of the Delhi Sultanate

A New Empire – the Delhi Sultanate

The Sultanate had five groups of Muslim leaders

The Slave Dynasty (1206- 1290)

Slave dynasty got its name because its ruler were originally slaves

Qutbuddin Aibek was the first ruler of slave dynasty

He began building a Quwwat ul Islam mosque

He died In a polo match

Iltutmish

He was the son In law of Qutbuddin and the greatest Sultan of Slave dynasty

He founded schools and colleges and Delhi turned into an imperial capital city

Razia Sultana

Iltutmish knowing that his sons were not fit to rule chose Razia, his daughter, as his successor.

Group of Forty nobles “ Chalsa” influenced the politics of Delhi sultanate for a very long time and in the end one of the nobles Balban himself became the Sultan

Mongols

Mongols were the nomadic people of Central Asia

Reign of Terror – Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan was one of the most famous conquerors in history, he was efficient, ruthless and merciless.

Genghis khan came to the sub continent with large troops and caused agitation

He left the sub continent but left some Mongols here behind and one of their descendant founded Mughal empire

Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320)

The Slave dynasty ended when Jalal ud din Feroz took over as the ruler.

He faced Mongols and forced them to retreat

He was assassinated by his nephew Alauddin who became the greatest and most powerful ruler of the Delhi Sultanate.

He also faced Mongols and defeated them on many fronts.

His successors were not able rulers so Ghazi Malik took over and started the Tughluq dynasty

Tughluq dynasty

Sultan Mohammed Tughluq was his successor who had a very controversial personality

He moved his capital from Delhi to Deogiri

By the early 14th century Mongols were converted to

Islam and they wanted to conquer the large land of India

Sultan Mohammad paid large amount of money to Mongols to stop them from attacking the city

Feroz Shah Tughluq was the next ruler who regined for thirty seven years

He was a very famous ruler, great administrator and made finance strong

He built hospitals, schools , bridges, dams, schools and colleges

Timur

Timur lame was a mongol who looted and destroyed Delhi

He died in 1405 on his way to conquer China

The weak Sayyids

Khizr Khan was appointed the governer of Punjab by Timur

He founded the new dynasty the Sayyids

Shah Alam was the last Sayyid ruler retired in peace after handing over power to Bahlol Khan Lodi

Lodi dynasty

Bahlol Khan was an Afghan

He regained important parts of the Sultanate

Ibrahim Lodi was the last ruler of Lodi dynasty

He was disliked by Daulat Khan Lodi so Daulat khan invited Babur to invade India

Model Questions:

Who was Genghis Khan? Why did he come to the Indian subcontinent?

Why were the Turkish officers against Razia Sultana? Sultan Mohammed Tughlaq was called one of the greatest puzzle of Indian History. Discuss

November:

Vasco da Gama’s route to India Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria

Topic Learning Outcomes Activity

The Voyages of Discoveries

Fear of the unknown

Europeans had weird misconceptions about the world

They thought the world is like a plate

There are many monsters in the world

Some seas are very hot and some are sticky

They were reluctant to travel

A new spirit of Adventure

Europeans started traveling as the time passed they became curious about the world

They wanted to spread their religion

European merchants wanted to find a sea route for the trade

Marco Polo

He was an Italian who visited China and India

He was very much inspired by the peacocks, spices and wealth of

Slide show and Documentary will be screened to the students about the famous explores of 15th Century.

India

Portuguese the good explorers

Portuguese made many advances in navigation

Henry the navigator built schools of navigation and made many advances

Portuguese built “caravel” small and fast ship

They made advances in map making

Vasco da Gama

He was an explorer sent to open up trade routes for Spain

He failed to have any trade agreement but defeated Arab traders in a sea battle near Calicut

He was given the title of Viceroy of East

Christopher Columbus

Christopher Columbus discovered the new world by accident

He wanted to reach Asia through west

He was illiterate so he learned Latin before he went on voyage

King Ferdinand III and Queen Isabella supported his journey

He had three Ships Nina, Pinta and Santa Maria

After a month long journey he saw land, which he called San Salvador

Sir Francis Drake

Drake was from a poor family

He was the first captain to sail his own ship around the world

He was a British and chosen as the leader of an expedition to explore the west coast of North and South America

He started his journey in 1577 and his flag ship was Golden Hind

In September 1580 he went back to England

…………………………

Revision for the Mid-Term Exam

Model Questions:

Why did the Europeans travel outside Europe and explored the world?

Who was Marco polo? How did he contribute in exploring the East? Why were the Portuguese such good explorers? Who was Sir Francis Drake? What was his achievement?

December:

Mid-Term Examination 2013

January:

India under Babur The famous Panch Mahal in Zenana

Topic Learning Outcomes Activity

The Mughal Dynasty I: Babur to Akber

Zahiruddin Mohammad

Zahiruddin Mohammad was the

Students will do role play of different emperors

founder of Mughal dynasty

His nick name was Babur means tiger, which he got for his bravery in the battle field

He came to attack India on the invitation of Daulat Khan Lodi

He fought many battles: the first battle of Panipat , battle at Ghagra, battle at Khanva etc

He was fond of nature and beauty

He didn’t like India much but he wanted to expand his empire so he didn’t go back

He died in 1530 and was buried in his favourite garden at Kabul

Humayun

Humayun was the son of Babur

He was a brave fighter but not a good military leader

Due to his pleasure loving nature and betrayal of his younger brothers his rule was taken over by Sher Shah Suri

Humayun lived in exile in Persia

After the death of Sher Shah Suri, Humayun managed to take back his throne from Suri’s weak descendants

Unfortunately after six months of regaining power he fell from his library stairs and died

Akbar

Akbar was only thirteen when he became a king

He was very adventurous and lively since childhood

He enjoyed shooting, wrestling, fighting, dancing and music

He had “Navratna”, the nine gems.

Abul Fazl was the chronicler of Akbar's rule

Faizi was Abul Fazl's brother. He was a poet who composed beautiful poetry

from Mughal Dynasty 1 and 2. Marks will be included in monthly test.

Miyan Tansen was a singer for King Akbar

Raja Birbal was a poor Hindu Brahmin who was appointed to the court of Akbar for his intelligence, and became the court jester

Raja Todar Mal was Akbar's finance minister

Raja Man Singh was the Akbar's military commander

Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana was a poet

Fakir Aziao-Din was a mystic and an advisor. Mullah Do Piaza was a advisor to Akbar

Akbar nama, biography of Akbar was written by historian and one of his gems Abul Fazl

Akbar had an enquiring and lively mind

He had three different capital cities during his rule

He had a large zenana

Salim, Murad and Daniyal were his three sons

Model Questions:

How the Delhi Sultanate come to an end?

Write a brief note about Sher Shah Suri as an administrator. How was Akbar able to pacify the Rajputs during his reign?

February:

Map of Akbar’s Empire Akbar Hall of Worship

Topic Learning Outcomes Activity

The Mughal Dynasty I: Babur to Akber

……………………….

The Mughal Dynasty 2-the Glory

Akbar and religion

He had a “Hall of Worship” where discussions among people of different religions were conducted

Akbar made his own religion Din e Elahi and he also worshipped the sun and l the light

Towards the end of his life he acted as a spiritual leader

Pastimes

Akber had many pastimes like

Hunting

Flying pigeons

Playing Chess

Watching elephant fights

Playing Polo etc

………………………. • The conqueror of the world –

Days and the decline

Emperor Jehangir

In 1605 Jehangir succeeded his father Akber

His real name was Prince Salim

We know about jehangir through the account of his court visitors and his own memoirs, “Tuzki-i-Jehangiri”

He took a terrible revenge from his own son and his supporters for plotting against him

Jehangir also killed Sikh’s Guru and made them enemies of Muslims forever

He was very cruel and brutal

He loved nature, good clothes and food

He was not very religious but tried to give Muslims equal rights as their rights were neglected during Akber’s reign

He had Hindu as well as Muslim wives

He also had an affiliation towards Christians

Many English men visited Jehangir’s court to get trade agreements

Nur Jehan- the Light of the World

Nur Jehan was a widow who came to live in Jehangir’s court with her daughter

She was a brave, lively and an attractive woman who sought jehangir’s attention and influenced him. He married he

After her marriage with Jehangir she enjoyed great political powers at jehangir’s court

She lost all her powers when Prince Khurram became the emperor

Model Questions:

Why was Jehangir considered as a man of contrast?

Who was Nur Jehan? Discuss her role in Jahangir’s reign?

March:

Peacock Throne Mughal Empire under Aurangzeb

Topic Learning Outcome Activity

The Mughal Dynasty 2-the Glory Days and the decline

The King of the World- Shah Jehan

Shah jehan became the emperor in 1627

He built many mosques, buildings, gardens, peacock throne and the most famous Taj mahal

He encouraged Islam by reintroducing the celebration of Islamic festivals

He had four sons among whom the war of succession was fought

He loved his wife Mumtaz Mahal a lot and in her memory he built the most beautiful Taj Mahal

Shah Jehan did not trust his son Aurangzeb

He spent the last days of his life in prison

Jewel in the throne- Emperor Aurangzeb

Aurangzeb is a controversial figure among historians

Initially in his reign he enjoyed pleasure and wealth but as the time passed he became a religious man

We do not know much about him as he did not keep an official record of his reign

He was very intelligent and learnt many languages

He also memorized Quran and Hadith at a very young age

He brought many Islamic ideas to his reign

Most of his policies turned Non-Muslims against him due to which he faced large opposition

Fall of Mughal Empire

Many Historians blame Aurangzeb to be the actual reason for the fall of Mughal empire

His extremist policies angered many Non-Muslims

No law of succession was also a major reason of decline

Lack of education and pleasure loving traits contributed a lot in the downfall of Mughals

Long war with Marathas resulted in an immense loss of wealth and treasure

Model Questions: 1. Why did the Non-Muslims turn against Aurangzeb? 2. How did Aurangzeb defeat the Pathans and the Sikhs? 3. Why did the Mughal Empire begin to weaken and decline?

Taj Mahal Mughal Arcchitecture

April:

Topic Learning Outcome Activity

The Mughal Architecture

……………………….

Revision for Final Examination

Gather information on five buildings of Mughal architecture other than the book.

……………………….

Model Questions:

What were the contributions of Shahjehan in the Golden heritage of Mughals?

May:

Final Examination 2014

Required reading:

Moss,P. 2008. History of Indo-Pakistan. Karachi: Oxford University Press.

Mahmud,S.F. 1999. A concise history of Indo-Pakistan. (7th Edi). Karachi: Oxford University Press. Further reading:

Mahajan,V.D. Mughal rule in India

Qureshi, I.H. 2000. A Short History of Indo-Pakistan ( 2nd edi ) Karachi: University of Karachi. pg# 237-336

Method of Assessment:

Students will be given questions on selected topics weekly.

Oral response of previous lecture in every class.

Test will be taken.

Students must understand the map of India. They should know the important locations and places of India.

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