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Day 2: Day 2: Parts of a Parts of a
CircuitCircuit
Simple CircuitsSimple Circuits An An electric circuitelectric circuit is the is the
path that an electric path that an electric currentcurrent follows follows
Current is Current is flowingflowing charges, like cars on a charges, like cars on a highway – THIS IS highway – THIS IS DIFFERENT FROM DIFFERENT FROM STATIC STATIC ELECTRICITY!!!ELECTRICITY!!!
Circuit DiagramsCircuit Diagrams
BatteryBattery
SwitchSwitch
Light Light bulbbulb
WireWire
All electric circuits have All electric circuits have three parts:three parts:
Source of electric Source of electric energy (battery or energy (battery or wall outlet)wall outlet)
WiresWiresDevice that uses Device that uses
the energy (light the energy (light bulb, stereo, etc.)bulb, stereo, etc.)
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Circuits Circuits flow flow in a in a
circular circular path path from from
positive positive to to
negativenegative
Open or Closed?Open or Closed?
In order for electricity to move In order for electricity to move through a circuit it must be through a circuit it must be closedclosed
If a circuit is open then the If a circuit is open then the electricity cannot flowelectricity cannot flow
SwitchesSwitches are objects that are are objects that are used to determine whether a used to determine whether a circuit will be closed or circuit will be closed or openedopened
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php?sim=
Circuit_Construction_Kit_DC_Only
openopen
There are two types of circuits…There are two types of circuits…
SeriesSeries
ParallelParallel
Types of CircuitsTypes of Circuits
What is the difference between the wiring?
Series CircuitsSeries Circuits
This is the This is the simplestsimplest typetype ofof circuitcircuit
Series CircuitsSeries CircuitsThe electric charges can The electric charges can follow follow only one pathonly one path through through the wires of the circuitthe wires of the circuitIf one part goes out, they all If one part goes out, they all go out.go out.
Ex. – Old-style Christmas Ex. – Old-style Christmas lights are lights are wired this waywired this way
Series CircuitsSeries Circuits
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If this light bulb does not turn on,If this light bulb does not turn on,
neither light neither light bulb will bulb will turn on.turn on.
The circuit is broken and the current can’t flow to this bulb here.
Burned out light bulb
Parallel CircuitsParallel Circuits
The electric current can follow The electric current can follow more than onemore than one path (branch) path (branch)
Parallel CircuitsParallel Circuits
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The current divides because it has The current divides because it has more than one path to flow.more than one path to flow.
Even though the path is stopped, the other light turns on because its circuit is not broken.
Burned out light bulb
Parallel ContinuedParallel ContinuedSo would So would seriesseries or or parallelparallel
be better to wire a be better to wire a househouse??
ParallelParallel because if one light because if one light is missing or not working, is missing or not working, the other lights have the other lights have alternate paths to follow and alternate paths to follow and will STAY LIT!will STAY LIT!
Building CircuitsBuilding Circuits
Materials:Materials: WireWire CellCell BulbsBulbs switchswitch
Build a Build a series circuit series circuit with a switch to control with a switch to control the light bulbthe light bulb
Build a Build a parallel circuit parallel circuit with 2 light bulbs and a with 2 light bulbs and a switch that controls one switch that controls one light bulb onlylight bulb only