DCN Solutions

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DCN solutions

AXX 9100 CONNECTAXX 9200 EDGE

AXX 9300 METRO

Top right corner for field-mark, customer or partner logotypes. See Best practice for example.

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EXA / Christian Olsen

Scope

This presentation provides a brief overview for the DCN features implemented in AXX products.

It focus on main features, planning and what is the best practice for DCN configuration when combining the different AXX products in a network.


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Introduction

AXX 9200 EDGE and AXX 9100 CONNECT have two different options for software based DCN IP routing.

The IP Numbered is the default option and requires an IP address configured on each interface (IF). In other words acting as a common IP router.

The second option is the IP Unnumbered router, which only requires one IP address per NE. Selecting the router system mode is a strategic choice, which must be configured from CLI as the first step during initial configuration.

AXX 9300 METRO has only one router and Unnumbered and Numbered interfaces can be configured individually per point-to-point channel. In addition one VLAN can be IP addressed for in-band management.

Next slides provides a feature overview for each of the products and what options that can be combined when running IP Numbered and IP Unnumbered.


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DCN feature overview

DCN feature description

AXX 9100 CONNECT R.1.0 & AXX 9200 EDGE R.2.1 AXX 9300 METRO R.1.0

IP Numbered mode IP Unnumbered mode - - -

Ethernet management port (MNGT-port) X (10 Base T) X (10 Base T) X (10/100 Base T)

PPP over DCC-R (D1-D3) X X X

PPP over DCC-M (D4-D12) X X X

IP over HDLC DCC-R (Proprietary used for old AXX products) X N/A Not supported


PPP over L1CC 192 kbps (Proprietary DCC-R equivalent transported through L1 Ethernet over SDH connection)

X X X (only unnumbered)

PPP over L1CC 576 kbps (Proprietary DCC-M equivalent transported through L1 Ethernet over SDH connection)

X (N/A for Connect)

X (N/A for Connect)

X (only unnumbered)

IP addressed LAN- and/or WAN-ports X N/A Not supported

Management VLAN X Not supported X

IP over OSI tunneling (MNGT-port and DCC) X(Enabled by license)

Not supported Not supported

OSI routing (ES-IS, L1 IS-IS, L2 IS-IS) X(Enabled by license)


Static IP routing X X X

OSPF II X X X

Opaque LSAs (OSPF) for auto-discovery of network topology for End-to-End management (SDH connections)

Not supported X X

RIP v1/v2 X Not supported Not supported

DCC Transparency (Tunnelling) X (SW – HDLC 16- & 32-bit framing)

X (SW – HDLC 16- & 32-bit framing)

X (HW - XC OH)


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AXX 9100 CONNECT AND AXX 9200 EDGESystem mode IP Numbered

0..1

Management

IP layer (IP routing)

VLANID range 1-4000

L2 LAN/WAN MNGT Port L1CC

PPPPPPOSI

IP/OSI adaption

L2 LAN/WAN

HDLC

DCC

Enabled by license

OSPF II RIP v1/v2


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AXX 9100 CONNECT AND AXX 9200 EDGESystem mode IP Unnumbered

0..1

Management



PPPPPPOSI

L2 LAN/WAN

HDLC

DCC

Enabled by license

OSPF II RIP v1/v2

VLAN ID range 1-4000

IP/OSI adaption


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AXX 9300 METRO

0..1

Management



PPPPPPOSI

L2 LAN/WAN

HDLC

DCC

Enabled by license

OSPF II RIP v1/v2

VLANOne ID within range 1-4095

Only Unnumbered

IP/OSI adaption


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DCN Block Diagram : IP over MNGT port

Processor

MII PCI HDLC

Management PortSDH Termination

DCC

Policer

LAN Ports (L2)

PolicerPolicerPolicerPolicerEthernet Mapper

PolicerEthernet Mapper

EthernetSwitch

Policer

LAN Ports (L1)

Ethernet Mapper

STM-n

STM-n

EthernetSwitch

EthernetCrossbar

Management Traffic

WAN Ports (L2)


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DCN Block Diagram: IP over DCC

Processor

MII PCI HDLC

Management Port

SDH Termination

DCC

Policer

LAN Ports (L2)



EthernetSwitch

Policer

LAN Ports (L1)

Ethernet Mapper

STM-n

STM-n

EthernetSwitch

EthernetCrossbar

Management Traffic

WAN Ports (L2)


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DCN Block Diagram : IP over VLAN (in-band)

Processor

MII PCI HDLC

Management Port

SDH Termination

DCC

Policer

LAN Ports (L2)



EthernetSwitch

Policer

LAN Ports (L1)

Ethernet Mapper

STM-n

STM-n

EthernetSwitch

EthernetCrossbar

Management Traffic

User Traffic

WAN Ports (L2)

Management connectivitycan be obtained through portshaving membership to the VLAN. All L2 Ethernet LAN- and WAN-ports can have membership to one or more VLANs.


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L1CC - management over L1 Ethernet-port (in-band)

L1CC - Layer 1 Communication channel– L1CC is a simulated DCC mapped into a VCG (Ethernet over SDH).– L1CC can be used if the node is equipped with an Ethernet module,

which supports Ethernet over SDH.– L1CC is only applicable for Ethernet LAN-ports operating in layer 1

mode.– L1CC may be used for both FE- and GE-ports.– L1CC can be configured for two different speeds. Both DCC equivalents

can be used, i.e. 192 kbit/s and 576 kbit/s.– L1CC is proprietary, and requires an AXX NE at both end terminations. – The LAN-port being used for L1CC communication can still be used for

other needs. E.g. customer traffic. The management traffic being transported through L1CC will get highest priority. E.g. if one single VC-12 is configured for L1 Ethernet over SDH and the L1CC mode is set to 576 kbps, then the service for other purposes will not be guaranteed more than 1,40 Mbps.


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DCN Block Diagram : L1CC IP over L1 port (in-band)

Processor

MII PCI HDLC

Management Port

SDH Termination

DCC

Policer

LAN Ports (L2)



EthernetSwitch

Policer

LAN Ports (L1)

Ethernet Mapper

STM-n

STM-n

EthernetSwitch

EthernetCrossbar

Management Traffic

User Traffic

WAN Ports (L2)

Highest priority.


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IP Numbered

IP Numbered is common IP routing, which means that all interfaces (IF’s) in use must have an IP address within a unique IP segment to communicate.

System mode IP Numbered must be used for IP over OSI.

IP Numbered must be used for AXX 9100 CONNECT and AXX 9200 EDGE to use IP in-band by means of Management VLAN.

AXX 9300 METRO can combine Unnumbered and Numbered interfaces using the same router.


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IP Numbered – Introduction

Each physical connection between routers is configured with a unique IP address within the same IP segment.

IP Numbered was the first router mode supported by AXX products. Due to historical reasons IP Numbered is the default router system mode for AXX 9100 and AXX 9200. AXX 9300 can configure IP Numbered and IP Unnumbered individually per interface. Each IP address reachable from TMN may be used for configuration management. A solution in TMN

makes it possible to simultaneously monitor all IP addresses to a given NE. OSPF or RIP may be used for dynamic routing.

R2

Subnet 30.0.0.0

Interface #2IP: 30.0.0.1 / 24

R1

Subnet 10.0.0.0

Interface #1IP: 10.0.0.1 / 24

IP/Management portIP/DCCIP/OSI

IP/L1CCIP/LAN-portsIP/WAN-ports

IP/VLAN

Subnet 20.0.0.0

Interface #1IP: 20.0.0.1 / 24

Interface #2IP: 20.0.0.2 / 24


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IP Numbered - IP over OSI tunnelling AXX 9100 CONNECT AND AXX 9200 EDGE

The OSI stack communicates with the IP layer through a single logical IP interface, referred to as the OSI interface. The OSI interface is identified (as any other IP interface in AXX 9100 CONNECT AND AXX 9200 EDGE by an ifIndex.

DCC DCC

MANAGEMENT

IP

MNGT

OSI interfaceOSI circuit

OSI

The interface between the Management Port or a DCC and the OSI stack is referred to as an OSI circuit.


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IP Numbered - OSI Gateway and OSI NE

The equipement connected to the IP LAN, i.e. AXX NE#1 is referred to as the OSI Gateway. The others are referred to as OSI NEs.

For AXXTMN, AXX NE#1 (the OSI GW) appears as a regular IP router providing access to the subnet where AXX NE#2, and AXX NE#3 are located.

AXXTMN

IP DCN10.0.0.0 / 24

AXX NE #1

AXX NE #2 AXX NE #3

NE

GW

NE

3rd

Party NE3rd

Party NE IP tunnels

20.0.0.0 / 24

20.0.0.1

20.0.0.2 20.0.0.3

10.0.0.1

10.0.0.100


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IP Numbered - OSI GW vs. OSI NE Functionality

The OSI stack must know where to send CNLP traffic, i.e. the destination NSAP address. There are distinct approaches for NE and GW.

• An OSI NE always sends CLNP traffic to its gateway (GW). Therefore, a NE must be configured both with its own NSAP address, and the NSAP address of its GW.

• An OSI GW is able to dynamically build an Address Mapper table (AMT) containing a mapping between IP address and NSAP address for the OSI NEs. To enable the GW to dynamically build its AMT, each NE sends periodically Hello messages to its configured GW.


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IP Unnumbered – Background

The IP Unnumbered concept allows a system to provide IP processing on a serial interface or in general a point-to-point without assigning it an explicit IP address.

The IP Unnumbered interface can borrow the IP address of another interface already configured on the system/router.

L1 communication channel (L1CC) and PPP in DCC are point-to-point links and may be used for IP Unnumbered.

R2

Subnet 192.168.20.0

Interface #1unnumbered

Interface #2IP: 192.168.20.21 / 24

R1

Subnet 192.168.10.0

Interface #1IP: 192.168.10.12 / 24

Serial interfaces(point-to-point)

Interface #2unnumbered


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IP Unnumbered: One subnet

Proxy ARP enables one LAN-connected NE to respond to the ARP request for NEs not connected to the LAN.

Proxy ARP is enabled per default on the NEs, i.e. it does not require any user configuration. Typically used in small ring topologies (sub-rings) and/or CPEs connected to a central

consolidation unit. E.g. AXX 9100 connected to AXX 9300.

AXX NE #4

AXX NE #2

AXX NE #1 AXX NE #3STM-n Ring

AXXTMN

MNGT Port: 30.0.0.1Gateway=Disbled

MNGT Port: 30.0.0.2Gateway=Disbled

PPP/DCC and/or L1CC

MNGT Port: 30.0.0.4Gateway=Disabled

MNGT Port: 30.0.0.3Gateway=Enabled

IP: 30.0.0.10 / 8Def. GW: 30.0.0.3•All the nodes are on

the same subnet, (30.0.0.0 subnet)• Proxy ARP is required on AXX NE#3


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IP Unnumbered solution – Unique subnets per node

For AXX DCN solution, IP unnumbered interfaces always point to the Managment Port. OSPF can be enabled to update routing tables dynamically. Running each node in unique segments allow OSPF routing on management ports and

more gateway network elements (GNEs).

AXX NE #4

AXX NE #2

AXX NE #1 AXX NE #3STM-n Ring

AXXTMN



PPP/DCC



IP: 30.0.0.10 / 8Def. GW: 30.0.0.3

PPP/DCC L1CC

L1CC

3rd

Party NE

3rd

Party NE

DCC communicationfor the 3rd party NEsmay be transparentlytunnelled through AXX


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Design rules and limitations Point-to-Point channels (P-t-P)

The P-t-P channels share the available capacity in each node. L1CC 192 kbps=DCC-RL1CC 576 kbps=DCC-M

– Maximum DCC / L1CC per node and modules: Each traffic module may terminate up to 8xDCC-R/L1CC-192 kbps. Each traffic module may terminate up to 4xDCC-M/L1CC-576 kbps. Absolute upper limitation on the number of active DCC/L1CC-channels is 48. Only L1CC-192 kbps is supported by AXX 9100 CONNECT. OSI encapsulation can not be enabled for more than 8xDCC-M channels per node.

Management VLAN– One Management VLAN for AXX 9300 METRO. VLAN ID range 1-4095.– All VLANs configured on AXX 9100 CONNECT and AXX 9200 EDGE may be IP addressed and serve as a

Management VLAN. VLAN ID range 1-4000.– The Management Port can not obtain VLAN membership.

OSI Routing– Max 50 IS routers (L1/L2)– IP over OSI Gateway may terminate up to 32 remote NEs.– No redundant IP over OSI Gateway option

IP Routing– 128 routing table entries– Max 50 nodes in an OSPF area – 1024 LSA entries– OSPF can not be activated for management port on nodes, which have Gateway=disabled.


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Best practice of DCN solutions for the AXX portfolio

DCN feature description

AXX 9100 CONNECT R.1.0 & AXX 9200 EDGE R.2.1 AXX 9300 METRO R.1.0

IP Numbered mode IP Unnumbered mode - - -

Ethernet management port (MNGT-port) X (10 Base T) X (10 Base T) X (10/100 Base T)

PPP over DCC-R (D1-D3) X X X

PPP over DCC-M (D4-D12) X X X



PPP over L1CC 192 kbps (Proprietary DCC-R equivalent transported through L1 Ethernet over SDH connection)

X X X (only unnumbered)

PPP over L1CC 576 kbps (Proprietary DCC-M equivalent transported through L1 Ethernet over SDH connection)

X (N/A for AXX 9100)

X (N/A for AXX 9100)

X (only unnumbered)

IP addressed LAN- and/or WAN-ports X N/A Not supported

Management VLAN X Not supported X

IP over OSI tunneling (MNGT-port and DCC) X(Enabled by license)


OSI routing (ES-IS, L1 IS-IS, L2 IS-IS) X(Enabled by license)


Static IP routing X X X

OSPF II X X X

Opaque LSAs (OSPF) for auto-discovery of network topology for End-to-End management (SDH connections)

Not supported X X

RIP v1/v2 X Not supported Not supported

DCC Transparency (Tunnelling) X (SW – HDLC 16- & 32-bit framing)

X (SW – HDLC 16- & 32-bit framing)

X (HW - XC OH)

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