8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Interjecting Change: A Model for Student

Improvement Utilizing the Ways of  KnowingThrough the Realms of Meaning as a

Framework for Student Success andAchievement

Presented by

Debbie Watkins

William Allan Kritsonis, PhDProfessor

PhD Program in Educational LeadershipPVAMU – The Texas A&M University System

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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The Problem

• Higher level learningskills are not beingsuccessfully masteredby a significant number 

of our high school andcollege age students.

• New approaches areneeded to facilitate

higher levels of retention and learning.

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Evidence of Needed Improvements in

Facilitating New Educational Formats

• Many students are notable to apply their knowledge successfullyto high stakesstandardized tests

necessary to graduatefrom high school or enter college without needingdevelopmental classes tobring them up to an

acceptable level for successful studentachievement in the highschool or collegeclassroom.

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Purpose of the Study

• The purpose of this study is to utilize a

concept mapping strategy as an

intervention tool in student learning and

test to see if there is a significant

difference in a student’s knowledge and

understanding of academic topics when

utilizing this strategical intervention.

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Research Questions

• Is there a relationship between utilizing the Ways of Knowing 

Through The Realms of Meaning Model and Student achievement?

• What is the student’s perception on the effectiveness of the Ways

of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning Model in their 

educational learning process?• How do teachers perceive the effectiveness of the Ways of 

Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning Model and their teaching

instruction?

• Does the understanding and application of the six Realms of 

Meaning enhance student performance?

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Literature Review

• “The impossible made possible: A method for 

measuring change in conceptual understanding in

undergraduate science studies” • Sumitra Himangshu, PhD, Macon State College

• A study that examined change in conceptual

knowledge of scientific concepts using concept

mapping.

• Study was extensive, nationwide and funded by a

grant.  Contact has been made with her Dissertation Chair and an attempt has been made to

speak with Dr. Himangshu who is out of the country.

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Literature Review

• “Effects of advance organizers on learning and 

retention from a fully Web-based Class” Baiyun Chen, PhD –University of Central Florida

The purpose of this study is to investigate

how advanced organizers, both visual

and text base affect a students’

knowledge acquisition and application in

two post-tests.

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Literature Review

• “Concept map used in reading English as a foreign

language at the university level”

Li Han, PhD, Indiana State University”

“The influence of continuous concept mapconstruction on the information seeking process”

Li Han, PhD, Indiana State University”

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Need for the Study

• Student need to improve study, knowledgeretention, and application skills for theenhancement of student success and

achievement.

• Research is needed to determine what

interventions can be successful with bothat-risk, main-stream, and advanced levelstudents.

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Ausabel’s Assimilation Theory

“The Theory of Meaningful Learning”

 Two

Four

Five

Seven Eight

Six

Four

 Three

One

Assimilation Theory

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Key Concepts inAssimilation Theory

• 1. Subsumption – Existing Concepts are Subsumers of New Concepts

• 2. Derivative Subsumption – New Knowledge Attached to Previous

Knowledge

• 3. Correlative Subsumption – Alter or Extend Concept Knowledgeleading to

higher level cognitive thinking

• 4. Obliterative Subsumption – Degree of Meaningfulness• 5. Progressive Differentiation – Elaboration of Meaningful Learning

• 6. Integrative Reconciliation – Cognitive Differentiation

• 7. Superordinate Learning – New Concepts are Learned

• 8. Advance Organizers :

• 1. Identify relevant propositional and conceptual knowledge of learner • 2. New Knowledge must be properly organized.

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Theory and the Realms of Meaning

Intelligence Type Capability and Perception Realm

Linguistic Words/Language Symbolics

Logical/Mathematical Logic and Number Symbolics

Musical Music, sound, rhythm Esthetics

Bodily-Kinesthetic Body Movement Control Esthetics

Spatial-Visual Images and Space Esthetics

Interpersonal Other people’s feelings Synnoetics

Intrapersonal Self-Awareness Synnoetics

Naturalist Natural Environment Empirics

Spiritual/Existential Religion and Ultimate Issues Synoptics

Moral Ethics, humanity, value of life Ethics

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Model

Of Understanding

Realms

The Study

Based on the Ways of Knowing Through theRealms of Meaning

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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High School

Study

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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High School Random Sampling of 

At-Risk, General Education, AndGifted and Talented Students

Study will begin with in-depth knowledge of 

student level of performance and learning

styles and perceptions: transcripts, student

interviews, pre-tests in area being tested and

administration of Gardner’s MultipleIntelligence Theory test.

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Assessment Transfer 

• Assessment Results Will Be Transferred

to One of Six Realms Model Concept

Maps and Reviewed by Trained Teacher’s

Who Will Evaluate the Level of LearningDemonstrated.

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Other Realms to Be

Incorporated Into Model

• Esthetics

•Music, Visual

Arts, Arts of Movement,Literature

• Ethics

• Moral Knowledge

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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Intervention

• Intervention will be initiated based on Realms of Knowledge Curriculum Books

• A Post Test will be given After Intervention to determine if studentlearning has been affected by testing interventions applied.

• A Qualitative Survey, based on established Teaching and LearningQuestionnaires will be given to students to assess their perception of the effectiveness of the intervention.

• Final interviews with students and teachers participating in the studywill be completed to assess the study and its affect on the student’slearning and academic success in gaining new knowledge andapplying this knowledge to higher levels of critical thinking andapplication have been achieved.

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

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After the study, these questions should be

able to be answered.

Is there a relationship between utilizing the

Ways of Knowing Through The Realms of 

Meaning Model and Student achievement?

What is the student’s perception on the

effectiveness of the Ways of Knowing

Through the Realms of Meaning Model in

their educational learning process?

How do teachers perceive the

effectiveness of the Ways of Knowing

Through the Realms of Meaning Model and

their teaching instruction?

Does the understanding and application of 

the six Realms of Meaning enhance

student performance?

8/14/2019 Debra Denis Watkins, PhD, The Ways of Knowing Through the Realms of Meaning, Presentation in Dr. W.A. Kritsonis' PhD class session

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/debra-denis-watkins-phd-the-ways-of-knowing-through-the-realms-of-meaning 22/22

 

 Transferability

Grades K-12

Special Education Students

ESL Students

Mainstream StudentsGifted and Talented

Community College

Developmental Classes

Traditional College Classes RequiringAdvanced Levels of Cognitive Thinking

and Academic Application