DECIES .~ : X I X JANUARY 1987

D E C I E S

January 1982 Number X I X

Contents

Edi tor ia l .

Thc C iv i l Par i sh of Rathpatr ick i n t he 19th Century Des Cowman

Medieval S e r i e s V I I I . An Account of t h e Manor of Old Ross September 1284 t o September 1285 - P a r t 11: 'Pextual Appendix. Mary C. Lyona

Oral History. Farmersf Organisation and P o l i t i c s ; Recollections of Michael Walsh. Emmct O1Connor

Thc 1918 Congress of t he I r i s h T.U.C. and Labour Party. Colm Power.

W i l l s R c l a t ~ ~ o O W w a _ t c r f o r d d _ I ~ ~ . Unpublished Jennings Abstracts: The "Watcrford Willsv S c r i c s - Indcx of Testators (1) A-K. J u l i a n C. Walton.

The Young I r e l and Movcmcnt i n Watcrford (11). Ceorgixa Flynn.

Book Reviews and Noticcs of Publication.

Noas of tEc SocicQy.

Ncmbcrship of t h c Old Watcrford Society.

Old Vatcrford Soc ic ty Prograrnmc.

DECIES is published t h r i c e year ly by t h c Old Watcrford Soc ic ty and i s d i s t r i b u t e d f r c e t o membcrs i n January, May and September.

( p a r t I1 of "A 19th Century French Trave l l e r ' s v i s i t t o Watcrford" by D r . Holt w i l l appear i n DECIES XX, Nay 1982)

COVER Messrs. T .Jr Norant S employees working on Waterford Corporation cont rac t 1930.

- 3 - E D I T O R I A L

'!Middle - apcd,middle-clqss , m d middle-browedt' i s 9 d e s c r i p t i o n of t h e OWS t h q t would riehtl:: i n c u r d i s fnvour i n our r m k s . I n r ecen t y e m s t h e Soc ie ty hqs shobrn c o n s i d e r ~ b l c f l e x i b i l i t y and c n p ~ c i t y f o r innovnt ion. This much i s r e f l e c t e d i n t h e growth of membership,and t h e s t c ~ d y im,x-ovemcnt i n t h e conkent and format of Decies. Never the less , i t i s t ime ly t o remind ou r se lves thqt t h e OTdS hqs y e t t o nchieve t h e r e c o g n i t i o n i t deserves from the people of Waterford. Continued ~ d v m c e i s v i tn1 ,and t o t h i s end t h r e e nspcc ts of t h e Soc ie ty m i ~ h t be reviewed.

F i r s t l y , i f t h e OWS i s t o h ~ v e ? g r e q t e r s o c i d imp2ct i t i s imperat ive th2t an i n t e l l e c t u r l c c h c s i m be promoted w i t h i n it. The Oh?S c s n s u r v i v e , b u t h m d l y t h r i v e , g s 9 p s s s i v e r e c e p t n c l e of h i s t o r i c n l op in ion . A s t he g u m d i m s of c u r i o s i t y ?bout ou r p ~ s t , i t s members n o t on ly hgve m i m p m t n n t r o l e t o p lyy i n t h e promotion of h i s t o r i c a l debrite rnd scholarship, b u t have 3 c i v i c duty t o d i schs rge t h i t f u n c t i o n . A c o l l e c t i v e e f f o r t i n t h i s regard c3n f o r g e P. s h a r p e r nbr?ren?ss of t h e S o c i e t y ' s own i d e n t i t y . This i n t u r n shnuld encourapc a more ~ g r e s s i v e s p i r i t , t r ~ n s f o r m i n g m e s s e n t i n w y s t ~ t i c r e l n t i o n s h i p between ind iv idun l s i n t o o movement f o r h i s t o r y . An n s s e r t i v e s e l f - percep t ion of t h i s k ind i s 3 pi-e-conditicn of success i n t h e f i e l d of p u b l i c r e l n t i ~ n s . The Soc ie ty needs 3 s t r o n g e r image.

Secondly,our nctivities,lectures,outings,public~tions, must become t h e ins t ruments of ndvqncemont. Decies hqs Q s p e c i q l p n r t t o pl2y,both 2s me-ins of infusin;? f r e s h ideqs cnd appro?ches, nnd R S tq w3y of p r o j e c t i n g our c ~ c h e t beyond t h e membership. Accordingly, the journ.1 should o f f e r a f ~ r u m f o r debxte on t h e ideq of l o c 3 l h i s t o r y ; 2nd n o t j u s t i t s method,but z l s o i t s philosophy m d ?ims. A more appeql ing form7t needs t o be dev ised , one which cnn go sJme wny towwds ~ccornrnod~t ing t h e demands of a non- spec iq l i s ed r e 2 d e r s h i p , w h i l s t mnintqinint; t h e u s u s l s cho l2 r ly s tgnd9rds . This i s s u e tnkes s modest s t e p i n t h q t d i r e c t i o n wi th t he i n c l u s i m of t he f i r s t eve r o r q l h i s t o r y f e 2 t u r e i n FI journ? l of t h i s kind,nnd ?n essny i n review t h 3 t competently ven tu re s i n t o t he r e f lm of qcqdemic c r i t i c i s m .

Thirdly, i f t h e S o c i e t y ' s o b j e c t i v e s a r e t c be r e q l i s e d , t hen wqys of exp rcs s ing our concern must bs pursued snd determined. Former e d i t o r s hcve very c o r r e c t l y h i g h l i g h t e d i s s u e s which t h e 014s should t(7ke up 2s n mqt te r of urgency; t h e p r e s e r v ~ t i o n of records and b u i l d i n g s of h i s t o r i c q l i n t e r e s t , t h e c o l l e c t i n g of 01-21 h i s t o r y , t h e p r o v i s i m of ?n e rch ives c e n t r e , To e f f e c t i v e l y m t i c u l n t e our s t andpo in t ~3n t h e s e nnd o t h e r q u e s t i o n s t h e OWS wnrrnnts r e p r e s e n t n t i m 3n l o c ? l s t ~ t u t 2 r y ~ n d vo lun ta ry c ~ m m i t t e e s , Thnt i n t u r n w i l l depend n o t merely on members cornmittment, bu t 2130 on t h e i r . i b i l i t y t o f o r m u l ~ t e ? c e r t ~ i n ideq of b I ~ ~ t e r f , > r 4 ! ~ , ZI viewpoint on t h e l o c ? l i t y , a n ? on t h e purpose of i t s most p r e s t i q i o u s h i s t o r i c 2 1 s o c i e t y .

F i n a l l y , bne me~isure of t h e S o c i e t y ' s ndvnnce must be recorded; namely t h ~ t t h i s e d i t o r c m l d lo2k fcrward t o Decies X 1 X w i th a minimum of anx ie ty . For t h i s p l e3sqn t exper ience thanks s r e p v t i c u l q r l y due t 3 Noel C:.ssi?y,Des Cowmm,~nd Thornqs Power,but no l e s s t a z l l those who have been involved i n t h e produc t ion and d i s t r i b u t i o n of t h i s i s s u s .

EMMET 0 ' CONNOR.

THE C N I L PARISH OF RATHPATRICK IN THE 19th CENI'URY.* l

by Des Cowman.

INTRODUCTION :

The parish of Rathpatrick was once a very strategic location known simply as Cwnar (Comar T r i nUisce - hleeting of three rivers) and features in the Annals as the corner of Ossory and the edge of Mmster.1 When the Deisi had '

fled from Meath and were pursued southwards they wound up trapped here by the forces of the King of Ossory. He is said to have viewed their encampment and exclaimed, "There are a thousand houses and a thousand smoking fires", thus giving the area a new name Mile nDeatach (a thousand smokes) or Mileadach. Anyway, he attacked them, driving themwesz along the Suir until they found a crossing point into what is now Waterford. Meanwhile, St. Patrick also had arrived here, on his way to v is i t St. Kieran according to an unlikely 19th century tradition, and decided to build a church on top of a h i l l (Dnmdowney ?) but became discouraged with the area after a loc 1 woman had made him a stew in which the major ingredient was a yellow dog! However, it happened, the nanae Patrick remained and presumably the church which he is credited with acquired a rath, as was quite comn. The most likely s i t e for this would have been on DnrmdaJney h i l l which was apparently o r i g h l l y known as Rathpatrick.

Drumdowney would also have been seen as a s i t e of strategic importance to the N o m s and it is likely that they placed a motte or even a castle here dominating the two estuaries. While I've found no wumentary evidence for this, the most likely s i t e is significantly known locally as "Castle John''. Both church and castle may well have been wiped out during the plagues and warfare of the 14th century leaving only tradition behind.5 In the case of the church this tradition may be enshrined in the name by which the area has been known since the early 15th century - Drum Domhnaigh, the h i l l of Sunday (worship).

The late 15th and earlier 16th centuries were times of general reorgmisa- tion in Ireland, and it may have been then that the nuns of Kilculiheen decided to re-establish a church in Rathpatrick, though in a less conspicuous position. Certainly the nuns had a right to most of the tithes here? and from John 0' novan's inspection of the ruins here he assumes them to be post 14th century? The actual parish boundaries would have been based on the lands ruled from the destroyed castle. Most of Ossory and much else besides had, of course, been granted to the Butlers of Ormond. In 1431 they decided to re-establish their presence here by having erected three fortified houses, "stiff and staunch1', construction to be done by W i l l i a m and Shane 0 '~rechane .~ The exact location of these is not given, but presumably these were tower houses typical of the period, one was a t Ballinlaw, another a t Gurteens and the third a t a place variously spelled Colefeagh, Cowillfeagh, Cowillesfeagh or ~ o w l e f e ~ . ~ This is seems was built near a well named after the Virgin - Tobar Muire. An oratory connected with the castle \as similarly named - C i l l Muire. Gradually the castle and accompanying lands came to be called C i l l Wire,which by the early 17th century was an accepted name for the town- land - called Kilmqry.10

b -

. . *The o r i g i n of t h i s a r t i c l e was a t a l k by the author a t '

Eigse Sl iabhrue on the 6 th November, 1981 where it was pointed out t h a t t h i s was not intended a s a comprehensive h i s t o r y of the p a r i s h but a s tudy based on a l imi ted range of sources.

I t is not clex- t o whom these three castles were granted i n the 15th century bu? by"'the end of t@e next century Ballinlaw seems t o have been i n t h e h a n d s of t h e Archdeacon fami ly 3150 cal ledMcCody) wh i l e t h e o t h e r two were h e l d by F i t z g e i a l d i l i a b o u t - w h o m - l i t t l e appears t o be known.12 Then:.by: t h e e a r l y 1 7 t h c e n t u r y a Richard B u t l e r seems t o have acqu i r ed Murtaghstown and Richard S t r ange h e l d pos se s s ion of ~ r u m d o w n e ~ ~ wh i l e h i s t e n a n t s d i s p u t e d t h e i g h t of F i t z g e r a l d o f Gorteens t o have a m i l l - p o n d on t h e i r l and . However, t h e c a s t l e s t h e m s e l v e s seem t o have ,become i r r e l e v a n c i e s a s t hey were n o t s t s a t e g i & l l y . l o c a t e d and were v u l n e r a b l e t o ' a r t i l l e r y ; ' ' I t . . , , .

i s p o s s i b I e t!.at7 b ~ 5 , 1 6 0 0 t hey h a d ceased t o be t h e c h i e f res iden@s. o f : the,,~laghowne.rs. The o r d i n a r y peop le o f ~ a t h ~ a t r i c k :me.anwh<l'e: l i v e d 1.p' farrn c l u s t e r s :" . . t h e names ox, which have su rv ived - ' I

. , . .

B a l l y v a l l y , ,Ballyboy, B a l l y o n e , ' B a l l ~ n t a g a r t , B a l l y a n d r y n e ' ( i n , . ,

~ i l m u , r r a ~ ) ; ' and Bal lyvooly . ' ( i n ' Luf fany) . 1% The s o c i a l , f o c u S f o r , , , ;

t h e . y e a r was , . t h e g r e a t f a i r o f ~ ' i l m u r r a y ' h e ' l d f r o m . 2 l s t I . . t o 23rd . ' , : . ' . ,

of May. 17. .. . -

These f a i r s con t inued i n t o t h e 1 8 t h cen tu ry and from 1744 it seem? t h a t t h e a r e a had become proSpcrous enough f o r f o u r l o t s o f l 8 t h r e e day f a i r s t o ' b e h e l d i n March, J u l y , September and December. By t hen , o f c o u r s e , a d ramat ic change o f l a n d ownership had taken p l a c e i n t h e y e a r s fo l l owing Cromwel l f s v i s i t . F ig . 2 shows landownershi; h e r e a s recorded hbout 1700 b u t i t i s c l e a r t h a t a whole s e r i e s o f s a l e s and l e a s i n g arrangements took p l a c e over t h e n e x t h u n d r e d , y e a r s s o t h a t by t h e e a r l y 1 9 t h cen tu ry a most complex l andhold ing p a t t e r n had emerged.

Landowners and Tenants :

We may judge t h e complexi ty of landownership i n R a t h p a t r i c k m

from t h e f a c t t h a t even John O'Dbnovan who knew ' t h e p a r i s h w e l l seems t o have accep ted a g r o s s s i m p l i f i c a t i o n o f t h e a c t u a l p o s i t i o n P ig . 3 r e p r e s e n t s t h e s i t u a t i o n which he thought t o be t r u e : 2@ by u s i n g t h e a d d i t i o n a l ev idence of t h e t i th$]and v a l u a t i o d % t a t i s t i c s , t h e f o l l o w i n account f o r each townland seems n e a r e r t h e a c t u a l s i t u a t i o n . 53 I n u s ing t h e ph ra se "Landowner" we may o f t e n be d e a l i n g w i t h someone who had a ve ry . long l e a s e . F u r t h e r r e s e z r c h m2y i n d i c a t e whether t h e many changes i n such "ownership" i n t h e f i f t e e n y e a r s from 183S1'was due t o c o i n c i d e n t a l f a c t o r s such a s f a m i l i e s dying o u t , o r t h a t t h e Encumbered E s t a t e s a c t was ' be ing used t o s e l l mortaged l and .

B a l l i n l a w I- I t i s a d i f f i c u l t t o make o u t who a c t u a l l y owned t h i s townland a s t h r e e names a r e mentioned i n connec t ion w i th i't. P o s s i b l y t h e c h i e f l a n d l o r d was Lord Ormorid who 'may have l e t i t on a 100 yea r l e a s e t o Will iam Kearney who may i n t u r n have s u b l e t most of i t t o Lady Eshand and t h e r e s t of i t t o a number o f small- h o l d e r s . . I

* ,

Drumdowney - The two p a r t s o f t h i s townland were a l s o h e l d by Will iam .Kearney having r e p o r t e d l y been pur,chased o u t r i g h t from , Lord Ormond-or from t h e S W f ami ly , whp had a p p a r e n t l y s o l d I t h e i r l e a s e i n about 1770. One of t h e ' Snows l i v e d i n . Larkfield House i n Kilmurray wh i l e r e t a i n i n g som'e i n t e r e s t a t l e a s t t o t h e demesne of t h e i r o l d house a t Snow H i l l . By t h e e a r l y 1 9 t h c e n t u r y however i t , and a l a g c p a r t o f t h e townland, were h e l d i n l e a s e h o l d by t h e Powe f ami ly t h e head of whom was known l o c a l l y as "Niocolas Garbh". E i t h e r he o r Kearney l e t t h e r e s t o f t he . t own land o u t i n s m a l l e r ho ld ings and some.of t h e s e may have ,been i n t u r n s u b 1 e t . B ~ l850 , however, it seems Kearney s o l d h i s l e a s e t o Henry Bol ton of Waterford who r e t a i n e d t h e same t e n a n t s . There was a l s o a v i l l a g e o f Drumdowney compris ing

"about e l e v e n houses which a r e i n good r e p a i r " .

Gor teens - Niocolas Garbh Power a l s o h e l d t h i s hav ing , it seems , purchased i t o u t r i g h t . Most of t h i s i t seems he l e t o u t i n s u b s t a n t i a h o l d i n g s t o John Hacke t t who l ived. a t Glass House ,Pa t r i ck Power who l i v e d a t Be l l evue and t h e a b s e n t e e Y r s . Mansf ie ld who s u b l e t h e r 400 a c r e s among 15 s m a l l h o l d e r s .

IcjJmurray - This too would have appeared t o havc been purchased ov:right by the Pope family (presumably the shipbuilders of Ferryhank). Apart f r m the 123 acres leased by Major Snow of Larkf ie ld (part sublet t o four tenants) Gervaise Giles and S i r Simon Newport also resident here, some other substantial holdings would appear t o have been helc! by absentees such as Samuel King who collected mst rents around Slieverue. Other smaller f a n s here were held i n the 1830s by other unlikely people (a t leas t t o judge from thei r nmes) - Liddy, Tynan, Tyrell, Thmon , Stone, Belcher, McClean , Ivie and Patten. What social significance should be attached t o these planter sounding names I don't know nor can I explain how there were only two of them l e f t by 1850. Most other rredium t o small fanners i n Kilmurrzy as i n the r e s t of the parish had nmes which one would associate with this area.

Luffany - By 1835 th i s small tomland ("flat and wet and of middling quality" liXYG7icome into the possession of Joseph Rivers of Tgrhroughey, Carrick-on-Suir $6 md was l e t out mainly i n small holdings of about 10 acres t o members of the Fitzgerald family who also held land i n adjoining Rathpatrick. By 1850 how- ever Luffany was e i ther sublet to, o r bought by Thorns Keanley.

Murta hstown was s t i l l known locally as Baile Muirceartaig nnd it too was i n t e 1830s by Niocolas Garbh Power but was l e t t o Patrick Foley and &

t o s i x smallholders. By 1850 these had a new landlord - David O'Neill Power . Rath atr ick - This too had been purchased by Nicolas Power and was l e t out -#7- i n t e 18 OS mainly t o ten reasonable sized farmers with 3 few small holdings.

By 1850 another Nicholas owned the townland but I think he was one of the Bellevue Powers rather than of Snow H i l l .

Before examining the agricultural scene further there is a separate aspect of social organisation t o be discussed - the ecclesiastical.

The Civil & Relieious Parish:

A s we have seen the church whose weed-enshrouded ruins s t i l l stands i n Rathpatrick was probably bu i l t in the 15th century, and would most l ike ly have continued in use as the parish church fo r Rathpatrick down t o the Elizabethan reformation. Reportedly it was s t i l l l1in good repair" i n 161527 but presumably was abandoned during the d i f f icul t ies of the l a t e r 17th century and once i t s roof f e l l i n it could no longer be used. Some pr ies ts m y have returned t o the original s i t e a t Dnundowney and certainly i n 1704 a Fr. James Ryan was reported t o be living there. 28 However, during much of the penal period of the early 18th century mass appears to have been said discretely i n a bog on the west of the parish. The stream that flows through the bog w2s known un t i l recently as Dabhac an ~ i f r e a n 2 ~ (the mass stream) and the crossable point a t which the people assembled was known as Ath an Aifrean (the mass ford) .30 I suspect that a local word for bog was "sliabhI13i and the redness of t h i s gave the name spelled Slieverue. With the relaxation of the pcnal laws a new church could be bu i l t on higher ground above the bog and th i s was done by the early 1760s.32 The name Slieverue also was applied to th i s church as well 2s t o the parish so tha t the name Rathpatrick c~me only t o be used as a c i v i l definition of the area.

The sense of permanence was completed with the appointment in 1764 of a remarkable local'man as parish p r ies t , Dr . Stephen Lower, and for the next 36 years he presided over the parish. He had been c? convert t o Catholicism when such was neither c o m n nor p ~ p u l a r and had got h i s doctorate i n ~ c x ~ v a i n . ~ ~

The parish r ords which he meticulously kept are the scconc! oldest such in the country. He was responsible for acquiring a new chu~ch but did not live to see the new church open as he died in January 1800.-'2 He seems to have been raised to instant sainthood by his irishimers, and according to a local ballad miracles were attributed to him. 95

Before dealing with the church in the 19th century, we'll go back to look at the question of tithes. Wile these, theoretically, were for the upkeep of the Established Church as we have seen,much of Rathpatrickts tithes went into -the coffers of Waterford Corpora- tion, and these they used to au;tion off. In 1685, for instance, John Snow of Snow Hill -paid 526-10/- to the Corporation for the right to take about one fifteenth of all c ~ o p s grown in the parish. In fact he may have bid too high as he didn't take it again and over the following years an alderman of the corporation, Michael Head, procured them for 520 p.a. This money represented about 70% of the tithes from Rathpatrick, the remainder being supposed to go to the support of a curate or vicar here. Of course there was none, but Waterford Corporation appear to have acquired the 36 right to nominate a recipient for the remaining money, (aboutS14). By the end of the 18th century these tithes had increased greatly in value as the price of corn increased so that by 1802 the rector's tithes which had been auctioned off for S20 p.a. a hundred years earlier were now let on a 31 year lease for S96 p,a. plus a downpayment of E 3 8 4 to Thomas Fitzgerald and Maunsell Bowers. By then too a rector had been nominated to the parish and his portion of the tithes was valued at 566-9-2d but he had sublet these out to four individuals (local men to judge from their names - Grant, Walsh, Hallaghan and Whelan).37 In 1833 this entire extortioni.st hierarchy was at length swept away when tithe payment were made the responsibility of landlords. While these did pass them on in higher rent charges on their tenants, at least farmers were no longer being subjected each Autumn to the blatant injustice of having one tenth of their crops takcn. The landlords did not find it onerous until later in the century when, not only were their rents restricted by land courts, but the price of corn ,.,

dropped dramatically due to cheap imports from the American prairies. In 1889 three local landlords, Nicholas Power, Paul Power and Paul Anderson formally posted appeals on church doors and eventually had their 5100-0-llid tithe payments reduced to 558-16-1; in line with corn prices.38

To return to the early 19th century: this was a time of '

reorganisation and "modernization" in the Catholic church. Such a modern'zer was the Rev. John Fitzpatrick, P.P. between 1806 and 1836%~ who would have been responsible for implementing episcopal ban on wakes and the rituals connected with them. 4Qn He also banned the pattern held at Kilmurray well every Lady Day even though his distinguished predecessor, Dr. Lower, used to say mass there. John OIDonovan remembered this banning and commented: "The Rev. John FitzPatrick was a great admirer of modern civilization and not at all given to superstition - unless as far as he cou1.d make use of it to make the people pay him his dues1!.41 Not that the said cleric was faced with starvation as lfie land records show him as a holder of thirty acres of good land which he presumably farmed. 42

One other aspect of life here that fell within ecclesiastical authority from about 1840 was that of education. Sometime around 1800 a school had, been established here "by the gentlemen of .the parish", which by 1821 had 98 pupils, 20 of them taught gratis.43

This may haveb n located in Ballinlaw, but does not appear t o have survived into Lhe 1840s. " iheie were also '%edge schools'~ a t M i t t and ~ i l m a c d 5 and sometime in the' early 1830s what was described as a *'Sunday school" was

set up46 i n a new building on the grounds of the church i n Slieverue In 1840 the new 'parish pr ies t , the Rev. Edward Walsh amlied to have th i s school adopted into the national school system. He offered a stone, slated building of 22 fee t by 60 fee t divided into sections for boys and g i r l s and equipped with 22 new desks- me money for th i s had been raised by public subscription two teachers were $)ready employed. These were Thornas OIKeeffe and 1 7 year old Ellen Iialligan. The schools were accented into the national school system i n October 184043 but thei r tribulations I w i l l leave un t i l la ter .

Prefamine, Life and Work:

South Kilkenny was largely I r i sh speaking up to the end of the 18th century but by the early 19th century E n ~ l i s h was ccming into increasing usePg T h e r e 5 p t have been s t i l l I r i sh syzaking fcmilies i n Rathpatrick up to about 1870. Prefamine food was generaliy potatoes with "sour milki' (buttermilk ?) even amon large farmers <and most clothing was s t i l l spun and woven i n the locality. However, not a great deal of evidence has survived about these domestic industries nor about craf ts such ss b! acksmithing, thatching,, mElsonry, etc. which were part of the mdemic l l f e of thc area. Other rural industries such as milling are rather bet ter recorded.

I t is l ikely that there has been a m i l l on Gurteens stream (i.e. that which flows through Rathpatrick and Drumdowney townlcmds 2nd enters the Suir 3* Gurteens) cince the middle ages. The f i r s t mention I have found is the dll on the southernmost point i n 1607 when the tenants of Drumdowney did "say and brag that they would brcak the m i l l pond and that the water was theirs and that they would not suffer it to run t o the mi111'.52 A century and a half l a t e r th i s had become a paper mill53 but by the 1830s had turned back into a flour m i l l run by a Mr. Kenny ~urce l l .54 .By then there were two other mills on the stream - Shallows an Drumd(r,mey ana Nathaniel Taylor's i n ~ a t h ~ a t r i c k s S There was a fourth m i l l In Kihurrzy near Dabhac 'an Aifreann dating from the mid-18th century but by 1850 th i s had ceased t o operate. 56

There have been some more unusual industries also in Rathpatrick. During .- the 1730s there was, for instance a shx t l ived glass works in Gurteens.57 A chance reference i n 1804 give an insight intc an otherwise unsuspected industry here - coalmining. A newsp~per renort describes an attack on a Thomas McGrath, ''who worked a t th coal shaft that is opened in Kilmurray," the supervisor being a Mr. Lloyd. W i l e the s i t e of th i s is *reserved in local t radit ion I have found no other reference t o th i s working which was presumably short-lived. A similar 'Lype of operation took lace on "Jebochta" (1ocal.name for Drumdowney h i l l ) where the s t ra t i f i ed conglomerate was quarried t o produce milstones up to the inid 1830s. These were r e~o r t ed ly "shipped with ease" along the r iver and brought ss fa r as Dublin wd Cork.59 The r ivers here would also have provided fishing but the only surviving

evidence of that is the ac t iv i t i e s cmtered on the salmon weirs. The rights t o these were held by the local landowners. The Powers of Snow H i l l leased theirs out i n the mid 19th century as did John Snow of Larkvjlle. Power of Bcllview and John Hackett of Glasshouse anparently retained direct control of the i r weirs .60

, a

However, the main "industry" here wis undoubtedly farming-and it was c o m r c i a l farming for the most part rather than subsistence t i l l age t o judge from the size of firms. (sec f i k . 4) .6l John Hackett of Glasshouse considered the main crop here to 'be wheat gind oats with potatoes as a minor '

rotation crop. This was f x i l i t a t c d by the availabil i ty of river sand f o r f e r t i l i z e r as well as "Waterfosd dung'. ( i .e . "night soil" and ashes from the .-

c i t y plus the c leaning~ of pighouses, staSles, e t c . ) . In a l l there was an

acxrencss of thz need for more efficient farming and wherever possible farms were being consolidated and enlarged. 62 This must have presented diff icult ies with a ranidly growing populetion (see f ig . 5) . Hackett admits that farmers were inclined to divide their holdings amongst their sons and that there was very l i t t l e the landlord could do about this. Such, he szys, are "getting poorer and breaking down" adding arrbigu~usly~ that they "3re not better off than they have be for some years but that they hwe a grester degree of cleanliness about themf s. %!!

?Ais seems n clear recipe for socizl unrest and indeed Hackett himself seems to have been mch resented to judge by local tradition about him. A sectarian edge was given to th is in a couplet written ~ f t e r his death about 1846 - "Luthcr and C-.!vin in their cnrriagc do roll/To take away Fackett both body and sou1".64 Proximity to Waterford ensured that there was a safety valve for such resentments. Apart from the obvious emloyment and emigration opportunities, there was also an element of competition among the landowners- cm-businessmen to make their houses by the river into symbols of their own status with fomal and liveried servants. As a gazetteer of the 1830s commented, Rathpatrick "poisesses" a large aggregate of vi l lan decorationq66 The 1831 census shows not a single man over twenty in the parish ~nernplo~ed6~ and John Hackett commented in 1834 "there i s scarcely a man who has not work there are so many gentlemen living here^.'^^ On the eve of the famine, there- fore, there seems to have bcen 110 cause for apprehension regarding Rathpatrick.

The Famine:

I t is clear from the above that Rathpatrick was not an impoverished parish by I r ish standards. In 1845 only a b ~ u t 8% of the land was under potatoes (290 acres out of 35793 and of these only 38 acres were taken on con-acre indicating that here was no great dependance on the potato crop here. According to off ic ia l s t a t i s t i c s over 300 tons of potatoes were hakvested here in 1847 a t the height of the farine.70 Even though this may not be reliable it seems reasonable to assume that the famine would. have had very l i t t l e impact on Rathpatrick. Such was not the case.

The population s t a t i s t i c s show a massive f l ight from the parish in the late 1840s and through the v50s, continuing a t 3 diminished ra te into this century71 (see Fig.5). I t is clear that t.his is not the result of just the threat of starvation but must have comc from a deeper psychological sense of horror a t what had happened. Writing about l850 John O1~novcm makes an illuminating comment on this . Me had described how his great 'grandfather, Willim 0' Donovan of Ddowney (dicd 1'749) was "Proud, almost to madness of his maternal descent from the Kavanaghsv' and how he used to accuse Rcbert Snow of being descended from Cromwellian weavers who never had 'anythink but what they stole. He then adds, "these feelings of ancient pride and family distinction existed t - 1 n h.te period in County Kilkenny but the la te famine has almost obliterated them.' 72 I f the better-off sections of the lncal population reacted thus - its i rqxx t cn the more economically vulnerable classes must have been far more drmitic,.

Exactly how the famine affected t k lower classes I haven't discovered as insufficient Relief Comission records for bthnatrick appear to have survived. There was a re l ief Committee under the chairmanship of Nich~las Power of Belleview with Thc~ms 0' Shea as secretary. They had been rec - iving donation of "small sum from day to day ---- from farmers and others" .F3 This was in the spring of '47 when, however, farmers mly planted 51 acres of potatoes in contrast t o nearly a thousand acres of wheat and oats as well as respectable acreages of bylley (121 acres) and turnips (106) plus nearly four hundred acres of grazing. Nobody should have starved and nobody should have fe l t it necessary to leave. Yet, between 18/21 and 1851 an eighk of the population disappeared cmd O V ? ~ the following decade of prosperity another f i f th of the population fled. Within a generation (i.e. by 1891) fully half

the population had gone.76 With them went life and fun arid hope for the future leaving only deserted cabins as symbols of an ebaed vitality.

Aspects of P,ost-Famine Society: - . >

Such hope as there would have been for the future should have lain with the youth of the parish. This hope seems unlikely to have been stimulated from their homes given that so many of their parents apparently wanted only to get out of the parish, so that the task of renewing morale would have fallen myjnly on the schools. They, unfortunately wore ill-equipped to do so.

In the girls scho~l, for instance, there were problems from the beginning. Ovcr its first 15 years there were nine different teachers. Dhring the height of the famine, Dec. '46 to Aug. '47 the schooL was closed, not for lack of children, but because the. parish priest had sacked the teacher, Mrs, Croake, and no replace-

(meqt had been got. The school was reopened under Mary Walshe :who. soon resigned, was replaced, brought back, resigned again and her successqr in 1855 was dismissed ''being incompetent". Ovcr the next year and a half there were three teachers, at least one of whom was also sacked for "incompetence". From the end of 1856 a more permanent teacher was got, Margaret Drinan and she appears to have lasted for fourteen years. Every time the insnector came however he had to admonish her on the "low proficiency of classes'" and. she was-also accused of "frequent closing of school", not adhering to timetable, and "carelessness.and inaccuracy in keeping the school accounts". Apparently she worked the Lancastrian system with one of the pupils acting as monitor ,over a grouD of youfiz'er pupils. From the 1st of June 1863 the master's daughter (or niece,. perhaps) was appointed oni it or and remained such until about 1870 when after a teacher training course she took over as headmistress. She, however, was no better than her vredece3sor - in the eyes of the inspectors at least. Every timc.they visited the school they found cause to admonish her too - for "deficiency of the pupils in Grammar and Geography'' : for "irregularities in accounts ' (on three separate occasions) and for giving excessive holidays.

In the boys' school, matters were nc better under Pat Hackett who was master here from about 1850 un to his retirement in 1882. He appear,s to have taught before this in Staneyford school where he had been accused of falsifying the accounts. A~narently he continued this here and over his 32 years in Slieverue the inspectors' reports are a long catalogue of accusations against himr He had his salary stopped on bim at least twice and on the second occasion seems to have only got it back on appeal to London. Amongst the complaints against him were, "state of school very poor as regards classes. P. Hackett to use more exertion, improve his method of teaching and discipline of the school." He didn't and the complaints continue: "P. Hackett admonished on deficiency of pupils ip Grammar, Geography and Dictation a , d on neglect o f programme"; for l# - - - - neglect of reading"; for "omissions and alterations in accounts" and for giving excessive holidays. Eventually he ha,G to be forced into retirement by withdrawing his salary but .the yarish priest brought him back ?g.zin until the Board of Education agreed to give him a pension of E35 n.a.

No doubt the clashes which. the Hacketts, Pat and Catherine, had with the inspeqtors were the subject of much strong feeling locally. They were however fairly ty~ical of the low standards of teaching in the national schools throughout the country. Through the fifties and sixties the nverage age cf children in the

boys1 school was ten, and in the girlsq school nine, yet under ten percent ever learned to read words of over two syllables and not a single pupil in Slieverue is reccrded as having got onto book five where they would. have learned to read passages of com~aratively simple English,

One can argue that there were more imnortant issues at this time than the competence of local school teachers - e.g. the Tenant Right Movement in the ' ~ O S , Fenianism in the 60s and the Home Rule Party for most of the rest of the cerAmy. Hov:?ver, multiply the Slieverue educational experience across the country and we'd have year after year of school leavers, barely literate, their talenis lying failow and their moral criteria- that of petty deceptions and dishonesties. It is perhaps understandable if their social, cultural and intellectual lives centered largely on the pub.

Not that this parish was a.drinkersV paradise, to judge from the number of licensed pubs (naturally, we've no record of the unlicensed ones!). In the 1870s the number was as at present - two in Slieverue, two iil Milepost and one in Ballinlaw, John Fitzgerald and Patrick Ward were publicans in Slieverue. Pattens pub in Milepost was bought in 1876 by Fatrick Quigley ane- run by his widow from 1878. Bridget Connors ran the other pub in Milepost, while that in Ballinlaw was run by another woman, Mary Lyons. 78

From drink to crime, of which it seems there was cmparatively little. While there night have been agrarian unrest earlier in the century, by the time of the famine it had become ~nfre~uent.79 There was another period of unrest in county Kilkenny in the 1860s but only one arrest is reported from Rathpatrick, Charles Kavanagh being charged in August. '61 with 'having arms in 3 proclaitgd district.'" The case was dismissed at the petty sessions court.

This raises +he question of the constabulary and further researcl would be needed to find the date of their introduction to Slieverue and their subsequent activities. Certainly they were not exactly the a.gents of an oppressive regime to judge from the first census details which become available about them from 1901. The sergeant was 45 years old, Catholic, hailed from Westmeath and married a local girl. The constables were aged between 20 and 29, only one was married, and they came from Galway, Wicklow, Offgly, Down and two, of course, from Kerry. All were farmers sons.

There is another group of outsiders whose presence is not so easily explained. Why should Henry and Marion Cole, musicians from Manchester have come here to live with a ---phew and niece in Rathpatrick ? Why did James Bell an engineer from county Down move here in the 1880s. And why were so many domestic and farm labourers brought in from outside? Farmer John Sullivan had four labourers- one local and the others from Kildare, Kerry and Dublin, Publican Edward Power got his barmaid from Wexford. Xany general labourers seem to have crossed the river from Waterford as i$d people like laundress Mrs. Brennan and dressmaker Mrs. Walsh. A possible explanation is that the heavy emigration of the more vigorous members of the community actually created a job shortage and at the same time left a nuvber of houses unoccu~ied. Since the south western part of the parish was just about within commuting distance of Waterford some whose employment was in the city it seems chose to live here during the second half of the 19th century. This would explain the presence of,,for instance, shinwright William Powers or sailor John J~hnson."~

At the close of the 19th century, however, a differexit wave '

of migration into the parish took place. In 1897 and l98 decisions were taken to build railways from Waterford to New Ross and Rosslare, branching at Abbeylands to run in two directions through Rath~atrick pa ish with a bridge across the Barrow at Drumdowney and a tunx l. 81 A wave of navvies now-descended on the parish and many looktd for cheap lodgings here. Only the most impoverished - families, arpeclr* tc. :.:-;.E. :>c-,.;. willing to take them in. Labourer John Heneberry-for instance lived with his wife and six young children in a t h ~ e e roomed cottage. Somehow hc found spac,e to sleep an extra six navvies. Patrick Murphy took seven 'in 'to his four roomed cottage along with his wife and four children. William O'Keill had a living room and a bedroom for his wife, himself and two teenage daughters. They found room for two navvies. One married navvy with 8 children could get nowhere except a two roomed '"lading house" which they rented. Another family of twelve were less fortunate and moved into a railway hut at Gurteen. . 84 However, in due course (1906) the railway was compl-eted, the navvies moved on and the old parish of Rathpatrick returned to being the pleasant peaceful place which it still is.

Notes and Sources: 1. See Ridner,,J,N, Fra mentsr Annals of Ireland, -- -- Dublin 1978,

p.33 Cyear 678) &---8~iind notes, 2. As narrated by Canon P. Power in St.. neclan & Mochda;Irish

Te,xts, Society, 1913, notes p.15. 3. Recorded by John 0 'Donovan in Kilkenn Archaeological 'society

Journal, Vol. I, 1849-'51,p.36 4 .

+ Authority of Canon Carrigan, History and Antiquities - -- of the , Diocese of Ossory, V0l.IV~p.200.

5. While fhe na;ne "Castle John" is wel1,known locally, Mr. Dan Dowling of Gl.enmore has recorded a tradition of there being the remains of a stone castle at "Jebochta" (a strange local name for Drumdowney hill) up to the early 19th'century when

'

the stones were taken away to build a house. 6. Archdal, M., Monasticon ~ibe'rnicum, - . -- Dublin 1786, p.365. 7. OIDonovan, Jchn, Ordnance'Survey Lctter, Oct. 3rd 1839.

~ypkscript copy 0;s'- Letters, p. 94 [in NLI and other Libraries) 8. Calendar ,o f Ormo,nd Deeds, Vol. III, Dublin 1935, p. 55 9. ibid, p. 109 & 135. Also Carrigan on. cit. p.203.; 10. O'Donovan, 0,s. Letters (loc.ciz,), p. 95,suggests that this

"Cill" was attached to Gorteens castle. However the 1839 six inch O.S. map, Kilkenny sheet 43, shows "tobair" and ncill" sit&,close to Kilmurray castle.

11. Healy, W., History and Antiquities of Kilkenn , Kilkenny 1893, p. 123 & 292, quoting Inquisitions of James -4

12. Not mentioned by Burchaell in his series The GeraLdines of . County Kilkenny in ~ilkenny,~rchaeologica- see Vols. for 1892, '9.3 & 1902. Carrigan (op.cit.) also , - ignores them but Healy (op.cit.), p.68 does mention the difficulty of tracing them,

13. Books qf Survey and ,Distribution, ms. PROI. 14. Realy, og.: cit., p . 6 8 . 15. ; Jhey do -not feature in the Kilkenny section <of ~ o ~ a d s ,

Descrip.tio~ of ,,Ireland 1598, London & Dublin 1878. ~obsonfs Map of 1 91 (copy in Waterford City library) shows !three

: fanciful 'ca's tles in apprexima tely the %right locations, .but their names seem to be wrong.

2 l y , o p . c i t . , p .67 & 263. dge , Record c f t h e R o l l s , Vol. XIV, (ms .PROI) . i d 19 . ~ o o k s o f Survey & D i s t r i b u t i o n , Donovan, John , O.S, ~ a i % Rooks, -- mic ro f i lm p3410,NLI. t h e Atm1otments.M~. P P 0 1 . .

~ r i f f i t h H Primary Va lua t i on o f Tencmrnts , 1850 (microfiche,NLI) Unless o the rw i se i n d i c a t e d a T l T n f o r m a t i o n on each townland

, , i s t aken from r e f e r e n c e s 20-22 above. Ponsonby's L,ist of I r i s h Gentry 1755 i n WSEIAS journal ,Vol.XVI, 1913, p , 5 0 , shows Snow H i l l a s having t h e n been l e a s e d by Rdber t Carew. Howeverp i t i s appa ren t from t h e fami ly l e d g e r p r e s e r v e d i n t h e V a n s f i e l d Papers i n Ana lec ta ---. K i b e r - i c ~ No . X X , p .119 t h a t Rober t Snow s t i l l r an a t l e a s t p a r t o f t h e demesne. On t o p of t h e page i n t h e Name Books ( o p . c i t . ) d e a l i n g w i th Snow H i l l and Nicholas Power O'Donovan has added a n o t e , " I knew Nioco las Garbh w e l l . J O ' D " . Joseph R i v e r s t f a t h e r was P f i r s t c c u s i n o f Power o f Bel levue and t h e R ive r s f ami ly a c t e d a s zgen t s f o r t h e Power's l and around Tybroughney. See Decics XI1,p. 59 . The name books *

s t a t e t h a t Joseuh R ive r s h e l d Luffanv "bv deed f o r ever1 ' . Royal ~ i s i t a t i o h , 1615, r e p o r t e d by i e s l i e , J . B . , Ossory Clergy and P a r i s h e s , E n n i s k i l l e n 1933,p.340. C a r r i g a n , op. c i t . , p . 200. I am g r a t e f u l t o MY. Dan Dowling f o r t h i s i n fo rma t ion . Carx igan , o p . c i t . , p . 200. Th i s i s one of t h e d e f i n i t i o n s g iven i n Dlneens d i c t i o n a r y f o r S l i a b h . I n RichardsT and Sca lesT Ma of Waterford c i t y and e n v i r o n s 1764 (=TIDY i n YKterfoYd c i t y % b r a r y ) t h e word S l i e v e r u e , i s f i r m l y p r i n t c d a long t h e s t r e am th rough t h e bog. Compare S lceveen n e a r K i l l , Co. Wate r fo rd , which i s 3 smal l bog w i thou t any h i l l i n s i g h t . Shown on Richards and S c a l e ' s bhp, op. c i t ... C a r r i g a n , o y . c i t . , p . See I r i s h Economic and S o c i a l H i s t o r y J o u r n a l , - Vol. VI,197P p a w 7 8 , Agzin I thank Dan Dowling f o r a l l owing m e t c use t h e f o l k l o r e he h a s c o l l e c t e d . The b a l l a d a s g iven t o hi^ r a n : ' 'For t h e reverend f a t h e r Lower/We have r ea son t o lament / For t h e du ty o f h i s p a r i s h i o n e r s / Both day and n i g h t he went/ They came wendyring t h i s n a t i o n / Enqu i r i ng f o r Glenmore/ He cured t h e d e a f , t h e dumb, t h e b l i n d / The i r h e a l t h he d i d r e s t o r e . Pender S. ( ed . ) Cor c r a t i o n of Waterford Counci l Books', s e e PP 256, 2 7 2 , m3i. Sta tement by Samucl Gordon, T i t h e Commissinner, accompanying it he Applotments (op. c i t . ) M s . accompanying T i t h e Applotments (np . c i t . ) d a t e d 1889, e n t i t l e d " In t h e m a t t e r o f an a ~ n l i c a t i o n t o v a r y T i t h e REnt cha rge o f t h e p a r i s h o f ~ a t h ~ a t r i c k - - - " C a r r i g a n , op . c i t . , p . 209. s e e The Di,ary o f Humph- ( t r n n s by de B h a l d r a i t h e ) Cork 1 9 7 9 , p . 105. OIDonovan, O.S, L e t t e r s ( o p . c i t . ) F. 95 . T i t h e Applotments ( o p . c i t . ) , p a r i s h o f Kilmurray. P .P . , Census o f 1821, marg ina l n o t e , p . 4 5 Valua t ion Of f i c e ~ i e 3 . d Books (ms. 2A/28/22 i n PROI) 1845, mention 2 schoolhouse i n Ba l l i n l aw . The pa r l i amen ta ry -EIa~Gteef , Yol, V I I I , ' p . 139 does mention a pay schoo l which fUen v 3 O s ) had 2 1 boys, and 19 g i r l s . Th i s may have been

. R i n g v i l l e schoo l under t h e pa t ronage o f Lady Esmonde. 4 5 . P.P. 1826, Appendix t~ Sccond Repor t from t h e Commissioners--- 46 . P a r l . Gaz., op c i t . , p . 139.

National School Applications, mss 2C/57/38 & 2C/67/26 in PROI. idem. Mason's Parochial Survey,; Vol. I1 (1814), parish of Fiddown, p. 366 and Vol. IIl(lS19) parish of Listerline, p.243-244. Census of 1901, Form A, ms.PROI indicates that many people over 45 years old recorded themselves as being able to speak Irish. In Kilmurray townland none under that age could. Tighe, Statistical Survey of County Kilkenny, Dublin 1802,p.503. Healy, op.cit. p. 68. Richards and Scale's Map, op. cit.. See map of Mansfield property, Longfield Collection, Ms. 21F38 NLI. idem and Griffiths' Valuation, on. cit.. Richards and Scale, op. cit. and Griffiths' Valuation. See The Glass House of Gurteens in Old Kilkenny Revj~w,No. 25, 1973, p. 51-53. waterfbrd- a ~ r , 8th Nov. 1804. Lewisl Topographical - Diction*, Vol. 11, 1837,~. 506. Griffith's Valuation, o~.cit.. As assessed from Tithe ~p~lotments 1835, op.cit.. P.P., Devon Commission, Minutes of Evidence, p. 443-445 " He seems reasonably reliable to judge from the concurring evidence of other landowners in the area - c.f.907, 908 & 913. idem. Collected by Mr. Dan Dowling. These are clearly identifiable in 1839 six inch O.S. maps, Kilkenny Sheets 46 & 47. parliamentary Gaz~teer of Ireland, Vol. VIII, c. 1835,p. 139. P.P. Census of Population, 1831. Devon Commission. OP. cit.. Relief ~ommission IV, 2, Constabulary Returns ,PROI. P.P.Agricultura1 Census of 1847. The 300 tons may have only been the crop's potential. P.P.Census o$ ~opulation, 1841, '51, etc. OVDonovan. John, Tribes and Terrianries of Ancient Ossorv. Dublin 1851. he copy in NLI has ms. addenda by o!Do~o;&. Relief Commission, NO; 162ti7, March 30th 1847, ~S.PROI. PP. Agricultural Statistics 1847, No. 128. Union of Waterford. P.P. Census of Population, 1841 & '51. 76, ibid 1891. All the following re schools are taken from Registers of male and female national schools. Slieverue, ms. PROI. Publicans Licences, 1817-1924, Ms. 1~/58/101 PROI. Devon Com, John Hackett (40-41), op. cit.. P.P., 1862 XLVI, Offences committed in Ireland----. Census 1901, Form H. Slieverue Barracks, ms.PRO1. Census 1901, Form A., Kilmurray Townland, ms. PROI. idem. See Journal of the Irish Railway Society , Vol ~1,~0.28,1961, p. 17; also Thornton, Albert in Decies XVI. p.48. Conculsions drawn from Forms A a n m e n s u s 1901, ms.PRO1.

, , NOTE: (i)

(ii)

The following is the full reference needed to check census figures in the Parliamentary Papers- Parish of Rathpatrick, Barony of Ida, County Kilkenny. Photocopies of the main manuscript sources used here have been lodged with the Eigse Committee in Slieverue - viz, numbers (above) 21, 22, 37, 38, 47, 50, 65, 77, 81, and 85.

~y ~ a s y C. Lyone.

The Account of Drzvld Psiilsc, T C ~ W of Old RUSQ

flwm 29th of September f2B4 to 23th of September 12US

~ c . q & t w [ ~ r r d u l f i lurid conetaolll srii et: i n t a r i i n e ~ l W i d i T r i i l ec p repos l t l ,

P-rrema The a w e ~erlGero account of &21-16-4 o f armam auf the p r m e e d i r g

account.

SUZL~ $21-$5-4

Issues of The erne renciers acco~mt u f the sale of the h i d e o f one cow dead oi' the

murrtiin. Arid of 33s. f u r the N d s of one ox w j +,h i ts mat deed of

murrain. And of' 29. 26. f o r the meat hlnd hide r : f rusther ox dead 0%

mmrain. Bad of 204. f o r the hi& of one or dead o f rnurrain. And of

20d. for the hi& m1,3 m e ~ t of one cow de6d ~l murrain, And a f 8d.

f o r 3 hide^ of bullocks dead a f m~nrrain. And cf 20s. f o r 20 wethers

sold af ter the shearing, p r i c e p e r head 12d. unterl.ined: And o f

29. from the sa le o f 3 wethersf. Aad o f l 5 d . fsnm the sale of 12

sucklings, p r i c e of eack 1 b. Ash u f 2s. Gd . fro$ ?..he sale of B

f leeeen of wethers, 14 f l e e ~ c s of ewes mid. 72 fleeces of hoggets all

dead o f murrain. And of 20d. Erou; the s a l e o f 53 fleeces of Zmba

dead of anurrain. A m t ef iC93-12-1i3 f m m $he ~a1.e of ( the number is

wool, p r i c e p e r sack R6 . And o f PG-! G-P frogr tht: sale of 204 s t o r m

of cheeae, p r i c e pe r atame Yd. Aad o f 28d. 9r3u the sale of cheese

and b u t t e r rem.inL~ t h i 3 ycsr. And o f 1%. f r o m the sale of leeke

this year, Ar~d of 2s. 4d, .from the sale of 1 crmnoc and 6 bushels

o f arplea ~u1 .d t h i s year . And. of 2s. 6d. fro& tithe ~a1.e a f 3 p i g 8

received th,ruu@i p&nrmge.. And of. Id. from the sa1.a of a calf ' a hide.

And of 4d. from the sale of 23 lambst fleeces ou~ , s l de the per, . . I.,:'

account. And o f 1%. f o r 1 stone o f wool so1.d outs-las the perL~a L,;'

accoun t f fn r which Cu:Llanuo mwersr , A r i d 09 9 ~ . f m m the saha o f 12

wethers outside the period o f uccrxmt f o r which &c. srmtt Cal l .= answerr3.

S L ; ~ , 6.25-6-0

9 a ~ e of The s;ma renders a c c c q i t of 46s. from the salt! of !z% crebnnocs and i Grain

b u p ~ h e l ~ of wheo-t;, price per rs-~uuzor 8s. A..;.$ &W- 79-4& f m m the sal c

Of 24 CIXXmOCS 3 'bWhela 0% ~?hc;at, p r l c a pe r crannoc 90. And o f

&8-4-3 from the sale of 18 crmncen &id 2 Ga~he l s r7f rye, pr ice per

ermnoc 6a. And of 1 0 5 ~ . from the aa3.e o f 17h c r w x i c a of oats sold

et Baliconeh, price per crmnac 6s. fpn erusxre of "l& lims follows]

S m , ~40-2-76

Placita e t

Recepta 'forinsecra

2 0 -

e i l i g o n i ~ venditia prec i i v j s . E t de cva. de xvlj

cramocis dimidLo avene v e r ~ d l t i a spud Baliconeht preciwo csannnci

Idem r e d d i t cornpoturn de v j l i xv js . de p l a c i t i s e t p e r g u i a i t i s Curie

forinaece de vetere Row per annm. Et de xxxvija. ujd. cie placitis

e t perquisitis Curie de Insula per Wim.

Summa, viij li xiijs. ujd.

Idem reddit cornpoturn ds ixs. jd, receptis de Thome Wede Zlheaawario

de r e d d i t u U u r i c i i No t t ame de te&m Pasche. El; de v j s . v i i j d .

de W i l l i l m c r Slime prcposito de Insula sine tallia. Et de xxa.

receptis do Willelmo V i c a r i o per -UPL Callent bercari i i~nterlined:

sine tal'lia] Bt d e itjs. de Davido Robio preposito veteris Bos

B-be thllia.

Sunnna, xlids. ixd.

Sumam Zocius receptorwn c m et~~eragi ie xcvj Xi. ijs. i$d. ob. Idem cornputat In ferro empto in ountenacione [cancelled: iiij'j v

carucastnn per predlctwn tempus, In j cult?% et ij vomeribus de fern

proprio facieado viijd. ob, In j berlagt de fesro proprio faciendo

ob. quart. In j c m c a cm f a r m pnsprio Liganda j d . In st ipendio

fabri fabricantie f e r r m e n t a dictarum. camcam per predicturn tenmpua

vs. iiijd. In fermra v affromm per predicturn temp- xxijd. quart.

In v j herciatorf bus eonduc t f a 4 hercimdwn apud Baliooneh per v j dic

xvd. ;Zn iij herciatosibus conductiu ad herciandum per i i i j dies

iii j d , ob. In fm extratmxio de nova aulu ijs. Ln furu, coligendo

infra hagadum vii j d. Irs j equo c m k~omine oonduclo cariar~dwn

fmum per X die s xvd. X11 isablono enpto ad ix acraa et dimidia

fecundas a d s . iiJe. ob. In J hornhe cond.dcto ad levandum sablonsrn

iuxta mare per viij dies viij d. In curiag.io eiuedem usque ad ve",er(

Ros kxfijs, sci l ice+, pro acra vifjs. In d l c t o satdone spergendo

u i i j d . In x acris [~nterl~ned: et d imid iq ordendie riiijs. sciliw

pro acra xvjd. In dictis acria ~yergendis i j a * vijd. ab. ecilicet

Summa, v i j li. vjs. i x d .

Idem cornputat In potusa x caruersri19r~ v 'barcmionun 3 p repos i t i qui

est prepoaitus e t vigilator j messoris j n c c a r f i a festa 8ancti

Michelis usque ad .idem featum per m m xv l i . xijs. s c i l i c e t

c u i l i b e t i n segtimnne iiijd. In potura Willelmi Bma cus tod ient i s

partam per ~uulum xxvjs. In aeptimna vjd. In poturcl curatodis

vitulonua per a r m u q a capit in septimarm i ; j d .

Pleas ad Perquisi t e u

Ebreign Receipts

Necessary Expen~es

Food allowance of t h e h u l i

Stipend o f the fmul i

- 21-

Tne came rendere account o f G6-16-0 of t;he plea6 a n d perqui~ i t e~ l

the external caurt of Old Ross f o r the year. And of 37s. 6d. of

pleas ancl perquirjites of the court of Insula reat at Island) for the yew.

S L U B ~ &%13-6

0 f

t h e

The same rendera account of 9s. Id . mcaived fmm Tlzomns Wade, the

Treasurer, of ?;he rent of Maurice Nuttasfie for Easter term. And of

63. 8 d . f ro= Willlam Slime reeve of Insuln without a tally. And of

208. received from W i l ; . i a r r Vic!nr by the hand of Cellan, the ahespkierd

k b t a r l i n e d : without a tall4 An& o f 9s. fmm D w i d Robin reev; of

Sum of all receipts with twrems 436-2-29

The erne acccunte. I n imn bought; for the mintertame &!ancelled of

four] of f i v e ploughs duping the aforesaid time. In We making of one

coul te r and two plough shares of i ron 8hd. In making one pole/shaf t?

of iron %d. In bj-nding, one piolah n t h iron I d . 11s the stipend of

aforesaid t i m e 5s. 4d. In ihe shoe:lng of 5 affers for the aforeaaid

time 22%. 111 t h e h i re of 8j.x Bnrrawer.8 t o harrow at Ballconeh for

6 days ftjd. In t h e hire of three hamowwe t o harrow for 4 d w s 4&.

In rcmovirig dung f ron the new hal l 2a. In the gathering of dung;

within .the haggard Od. In %he h i re of a horse w i t h a t o carry

dung f o r 10 &vs 1 5 d . In the purclr~use of aid t30 improve acme

22s 3hd. In the h i re of one m m to gather o q d by the sea for 8 dwsD

In carriage of the same t o O l d Ross 73s., to w i t for an acre 60.

In the ~ p r e a d i n g o f the s a i d s a d 2Td. In the burning of 10

i h t e r l i ned : ocrea 14s. t o w i t 16d. per acre. In t h e spreading of

t h e s a i d acre6 2s. ?id, t o w i t 3d. par acre. In the purchase of one

car t 2 ~ e 121 the custom~ry Chriatmau payment of servants t2d.

S~HI?, L7-6-9

The nme accounts. In the food rtllownnce of 10 ploughnen, 5 shepherds,

1 reevo, who i s reeve and watch-, 1 reap reeve, 1 cowherd. from the

fenat of St. Michuel up So :,he o m e f e m t f a r the ycac &15-12-0, t o

wit 4 d . each per week. In the f'ilod ~illo~vmce of W i l l i s m Brun, Keeper

of the d60r 260. for the yea-c. in tkle week Gd. In the food allowaslce

cf t h e Keeper of calves f o r the year W ~ J receives i n the week 2d.

me samc ~ccounts for 5 holdera ( p l s ~ - I Q ~ ~ ~ n ) per annum 25s. t o wit

each 5s. In the s t ipend o f 5 drivers (plo*en), 5 shepherds,

1 reeve, who i~ reeve and watuim.ir~, I reap-reeve, 1 cowherd p e r annm

526. to wit 48. wch. h the n+;rpend of 1 doom per anmm 48, fn

the tipe end of 1 dalrym&.itl f o r a half y e w for food allowance and

-,

S-tipendium Idem comput~t v tentorum per atmm =VG. acilicet cuilibet vs. In famu''- s t igend io v fugatorurn v brrcariolvm 2 p r e p w i t i qui eat vig i la tor

et greposit~.q J m ~ n o r i o j vaccnrii. per annzbm b i je . scilicet

c u i l i b e t iii.js. In n t i pendio wAua ianf toris per armurn iiijs. In s t i p x x l i o unius (bye pe r dimrtd~ura mum g m pottcra et stipendio ijs.

In st lpendio custodi.s vitulcnnn per armurn igo.

Ctwtm Idem conputat In cru'penttlrica c i r ca n ~ t m cmetida scilicet Gregorius

carpentar ius per v l J dies rxi jd . In cc vlurnai.1' emptis ad idem

vSijd. In cclx wok~al .1 e m p t i ~ ad idem vjd . quart. In ccc de

l a i tna i i . ealptm ad idm iil. j d . ob. In ii cr-ucis de cahe emptis

in reparaciane dormnm m d . I n ceuentario pro emeudacioae aule

domm d i c t e porfe xxijd. I n arxij spikyns ernptie ad idem iiijd. ob. In

Kilco- I& ij de Laitnail in reparacione do- ibidam i $ Q . vjd . In v i i j opikynis eraptis ad oandrull donmm i j d . In J;x clavis emptis ad idern

ijd; In stfipendio carpentarii pro d i u t i a donibus apud KilcoIma31

repwmdia Rd taeahm xilje. iiijd. In stlpendio alterius carpentmi i

per 1113 dies ibidelu xijd. Itan In stipendio cui tmdm carpentar l i pro

cc bordfs f'aciendfe ad dictas dome iijs. wiiJd,. In j c e w empta

a4 m g n ~ m por%m v i j d . . In x craplnocis de c a k e eruptis VS. s c I 1 I c e t ad

Sunmca, xxxijs, xjd. ob.

Emptlo Idem cornputat In m c r ' a m o c i ~ fnment,i ewptia ad semenem i i i j li. 32adi i ijs . vd. ob, per divema preoia. Xtem in j crarsnoco siliganie

empto ad semenem iiije. v j d .

Tr i i ; u r a t i o Idan computst In trituratians et ventu1acione xxv cr8finocclm

fnununti e t xx: cr-ucaxwn d i r n i d i i 911i@;~Xki~ apud ROB vijs.'vi jd.

8c11icet pm cswumoa ijd. h t r l twat ione e t venlulscione XIxix

cr;3~10conun avene ibidem vs. ixd, scilicet pm crannoco J d . In

trituratlane et ventxlacione xxviij cx*annoco~~~m m e n e spud B C i l i c o ~ ~

ijs. ilijd. ~cI .Zicet pro cravuloco jd. In toto blado predicto

ventmdo i js. slcflicet v,S c m n a c - i pra jd ,

Summa, mija. viijd.

Minute Xdem computnt In me. ckix bidentibua divereis sexis e t ccc j a@ds

lavandis et tondenclis vje. vijd. ob. Zn salva presura et l inea tela

a p t a ad dacrim i i i js. vii-jd. In sauone emgto ed cnrectaa vijd, In

minutia paatoris ~u~ta(aielpt3.~ ~ L T ~ c ~ B * h fetu iijs. iiijd. XE i j

vanp3ris emptie d. In j farm ferrmdrr jd. ob. In j tripode empto ad

daerim xi i jd . In c6p-a ad h o ~ t i m bcmarii vd. In w o garcon'

locato eunte Dublin' p m e q u i ~ ComfLis deliberandis apud Kilcolman xixd

- 23 - stipend 2s. In the tipe end of the Keeper of calves per 82112~ 2s.

,Expense of The same acco-mts. In repairing the csrpentry about the motte, t o the w i t Oregory the carpenter f o r 7 days 22d. In 200 vlornai la bought

f o r the s m e 8d. In 260 wohnoils bought f a r the eeme 6h. In 700 laitnails bought f o r the a m 4b. In 2 crsnnoce of chalk bought

f o r the repa i r of the houses 15d. I n a =son f o r the repair of the

hall and motte 6s.

Sum, 108. 63d.

Expense of 7ba gUnrc mt!ow.*b. In gumphis and vercenell f o r the great door Ebmd the t h e valve of the great door 22d. I n 32 spikyns bought f o r the s'me a t Kilcolman 4$d. I n 2,000 l a i t n a i l s f o r the repa i r of the house there 2s. Sd.

In 8 s p i Q n i s bough.t f o r the Game house 2d. In 60 nails bought f o r

the same 2d. In the stipend of the carpenter f o r the repair of the

said houses at R l l c o ~ , piece rate 13s. 4d. In the stipend 09

another cmpenter f o r 4 days there 12d. Aho, In the stipend of a

ce r t a in carpenter f o r making 100 boards f a r the sa id housea 3s. 8d.

In the purchase cf 1 lock f o r the grea t d.oor 7d. I n the purchase of

10 crannocs of chalk 5 ~ . t~ w i t for the byre. In the m o w of

straw with which t o thatch the sheepfold there 3s. 4d.

Sum, 32s. l?&.

Purchase The same accounte In the purchase of 15 crannoce of wheat f o r seed of Grein &4-3-59 f o r d ivers prices. Also in the purchase of I crannoc of rye

f o r seed 4s. 6d.

'Phreshing The same accounts In %he threshing and &rix of 25 cramocs of

wheat and 20H crannocs o f me at, Ross 7s. 7d., t o w i t 2d. per crannoc.

' I n the threshing and air ing of 59 cs~nnocs of uota 58. N., t o wit

Id. per crannoc. In the threnhing and airing of 28 c m 0 8 of oato

a t Baiicolman 2s. 4d. , t o w i t Id. per crannoc. I n the winnowing of

a l l the aforesaid grain 2 s . , t o w i t 6 crannocs f o r Id.

Sum, 17s. 8d.

Minut ae The same accounts. In the washing and hearing of 1,169 sheep of

divers eexes and 301 lambs 6s. 7&. In the purchase of a good press

' and l inen cloths f o r the dairy 4s. M. In the purchase of soap f o r

the c a r t s 7d. In the minor expenses of the pastor keeping the ewes.

I n breeding 3s. 4d. In the purchase! of 2 mattocks 5d. Ln the i r o n

work of 1 fork lb. In the purchase of I t r ipod f o r the dairy 13d.

In a lock f o r the house of the shepherds 5d. I n the hire of a boy

going t o Dublin t o del iver the Earl.'e horsee a t Kilcolman 19d.

Expense of The same accounts. In the weeding of 35 acres of wheat and 60 acree the harvea t of oats ?a. 7d. A180 in the weeding of 21 acres of o a t s a t Baliconeht

21d. I n Lhe reaping, binding and gathering of gra in at Old .Roes

528. 2d. In the h i r e of carr iage t h i s yeax 4s. t o w i t f o r the said

Liberacionee

Idem cornputat In xxxv acris f m e n t i el, Lx acrre avem sartlaudis

vfja. v i jd . Item in %xJ BCTSS mene sartlandis apud Baliconehl

xxjd. In blado metRn30 ligmdo e t duiendo apud veterunr RGS l i f f i .

ijd. ob, In c a r l a g i o conductcr hoc anno l i ~ j s . i j d . s c i l i ce t circa

dicta blada. In j t a s sa to re teosan t e bladwu i d r e gr-urn, per

xiiij d i e s xilijd. In blado metando apud BaTicoaehr xjs . ijd. ob.

quart. In bladt metendo apud X i l c o l m 1 js. vd. In j oorda emptxs

vd. In hoc metto fmu1ormn de conouetudine xijd.

S m a , i i i j l i xxiijd. quar t

Summa omnium expenoannn x l r j li. vlijs. iiijd.

Liberavit Thome. W a d 1 Thesaulo de Kath [ ~ a n c e l l e d : x x l x li wjs. j d q

n i l 3 li rixs. vi j d . [ ~ a n a c l l e d : per vii j tallias] v i j telliaa quir

una ta l l ia fu i t de lana.

Item libexavit eidem Thome i n lane huius a m 1 xiij li xijs, xd.

per j trallirm

Item l iberavit eidem Thoxie :*cl opus WillellIsi Sticteye vJ li. vii js . per j tallism

I tern liberavi t e i d m 1Phorne Fadt Theen~rrio xxs . m3 robam Badu1f i Lui-~2

r~ancelled: L- S u m s , xU.iij li. v d l

Desvldo Bobin prepcsl"; o e r i i ad acskwicioxiem maneriL 1s. xd.

unde septimo decimo (YI I?!)B. Y ~ J . aunt; per manus Call.anr bercarii.

SUET+ xivij Li. xja. i i j d .

Stmrma tocius expensmm c m Jiberaeionibw l2xxx~iijli. X-. v i jd .

Et debet vijli ijs. ~ i j d , cb..

De Q u i b Allocantur cidem sucvjs. viijta. de stipendio clerici

sc lr ibentis rotulos Curio per a r m et, per conmrenacionem eidem f~cturrr

per consuetudinem ut d i c i t u r et hoe de duoburj annis c m anno prescntc,

Et sic debet de claro cxvs. xjd. ob. De Uulbus ~ i l o c a n k iiijs.

i i i j d . de falcscione atipuli hoc am. E t a;llocantur ide em x v i J j d . de clavis enptia et missis &purl Kylcoleman. Et allocantw eidern

I d j a . iijd. de diversis zunerciamentle ~eteribus que non poswmt

levari quia smercioti aiorlui. S m alloaRcionis xviije. jd . E t

debet adhuc i i i j l i . wi js. xd. ob. De Quibus Cornputat Uberuvit

Bricio cleric0 preposf to veteris ROE 1d.x~. vjd.. ob. quart. ut pa: '

in compoto suo anno R. B. m0 sine tallia. E t aic debet adhuc da

claro xxxviijs. i i j d . ob. quart.

Idem redd i t

frangie per

r Cancelled :

dome of tke rnembraiie

(NO titie)

compotum de xxfij c ~ w c i . 4 j buaella frumexlti de exiti2.o

c m l u m ad taaoham. Et; de v3 cmrllocis de incremento

E t de m-j arL'ulll~cis de eodem exi tu ut RC residuum de ,j

grain. In one stacker makFng ricks of the grain w i t h i n the grange

f o r 14 days 14d. In the reaping of grain at Ballconeh I l a . 236.

In the reaping of grain at Kilcolman 2s. 5d. fn the purchase of

1 cord 5d. In the hoc mette (some form of custom~ary of

the famuli as o f c u s t ~ m 12d.

- Sum, &4-~-43.h

Sum of a l l expenees W1-8-4

Payments He delivered t o Thomae Wade, Treasurer of Cwlovt @ancelled r ~ 2 9 - l l - l f

E24-19-7 &encelled: by 8 tallies1 7 t a l l i e s because one tally mrs

f o r wool. He a leo delivered to the rsame Thorn- in t h i s year's iool

&13-12-10 by one t a l l y . He aleo delivered to the eaid Thomas &6-8-0

for the use of Willlam Sticteya &?6-8-0 by one t a l l y . He a l so

delivered to the a d d Thowa Wade Treuurer 20s. f o r Balph Lundta robe.

i~ence l l e ' d : Sum, E44-0-3

lie To David Robin reeve of the mmor f o r the sustenance of the manor

50s. 10d. whence seventeen e . 66. are by the hand of Callan the

shepherd.

S-, a7-11-3

Sum of a l l the expemes w i t h payment^ 5288-19-7

And he owes E?-2-7h

Of which he is allowed 268. W. f o r the atipend of the c l e rk writirg

the rolls of the Court each ye- and for his uyksap a8 is aaid by

cuetom and this f o r two years together w i t h the present yew. And

thua he owea de c la ro 1158. I l i d . Of which i s allowed 4s. 4d. f o r

the mowing of thatch U s year, And he i s cmllorved 128 3d. of divers

old emercements which cannot now be levied becmse those 8merced

are dead. Sum allowed f 8s. I d . And he owes up t;o t h i s E4-,! 7-'10&1.

Of which he accotints H e delivered 590. 6hd. t o Briciue the c l e rk

reeve o f Old Ross 59e, 62d. as appears in his accc?unt of the 15th

regnal year o f King Edward (1285-6) wi tho~ t a t a l l y . And thua he

owes de claro at t h i s point 38s. ?$d.

dorse of the membrane

(no title)

Wheat The aeme renders account o f 23 csminocs 1 b m h l of wheat of the

issues of the grange by heaped measure at piece rate. And of 6

oraMocB of increment @ancelled: AN). of 16 crannocs of the same issue

as residue of 18 crmmoca Interlined within the cancellat ion: ao that

(two words l o s t through impacting) thence 3 crannocs from (one word

loat through f a d i n g g And of 15 crannocs purchmed.

Sum, 45 crarmocs 1 bushel.

Of which. In seed on 'JB acre@ 1 steng 15 crhlnrncs, to wit 3 bushela

t o each acre w i t h an ex t r a crennoc. f ~nterlined: In s e e 4 In ea le

as appears below 30 crsnnocs 1 bushel. Aleo, +n sale (following

cr-oco dimid'lo l r i tor l ined w i t n i ~ the c:msella% ion: U+, ( twa word t

cancellation and subsequently o~ulccl l ed : per iriquioi t i o ~ ~ e m

j c r m o c o de amptione.

v j crannocis da codem ex1t.u per est:.mcionem txl garbis.

S~amm, i f f j Xi;j c r w a c i i i i j b u s s e l l 1

Oato

Affera

Oxen

half line to ta l ly ermed)

Sum as above. And nothing remaim.

The same renders accomt of 209 crannocs of rye of the issuea of the

grange at piece rate. And o f 5 crannocs 1 bushel of i m r e ~ e n t

&sncelled: And of 10 crarrnocs 7 bushels of the ~ a m e issue so that it

is acquited in respect ~f 2$ crannoce (fnterlined w i t h the cancellation

and subsequently cancelled: by inpuirey)j And of 1 cr-oc purchased.

Sum, 268 crannom 1 bushel.

Of which. In seed over 3 acres 1 cramoc 1 bushel. Pn sale as, appears below 25k crmmocs. In brasure]

Sum RS abave. And nothing remains.

The same rendera account uf 69 crannocs of the issue0 of the grange

by heaped measure at piece rate. And of 17 crannocs 1 bushel of

increment t~anceUed: And o f 758 crRllaocs 4 bushel8 of iosues, the

re- third cf a line ia lost in the cancellation] And of 6

cxannocs of the sane issue i n ~heavea by eetimation.

S- 92 C ~ ~ ~ U ~ O C S 4 bu~h@ls.

Of which In sowing on 72 acres 36 crannocs. Also in s o w at

Ki lcohan 2 cranrdocs 2 bushels. Aleo delivered at Baliconehl as seed

4 cr*moc6. In feed f o r the affers from the feaut of All. Saints

( 1s t ~uvember) to the feaut of the ApoetZes PhLLip and J m s (1st

of MW) 9 crELnnocs 2 buehels. In feed for the oxen by estimation

6 crantlocs in sheaves. In aale as appears below 35 crannocs Lan

eramre f o l lowrsl.

Sum as above, And nothing remains.

'he sane senders account of 28 crsnnocs o f the issues of the grange

o f Ra1.iconeh by heaped measure a t piece rate. And of 7 cramoce crf

increment. And of 4 crmmcs Prom Old ROBS,

SUU, 39 Cr-OCS

O f which. In seed over 39 acres 19$ crmocs. In feed for the

gffera there 2 crannocs. In sale 173 crannocs.

Sum an above. And nothing remains.

The Account of t h e Stock

The same readera account of 6 affers remaining.

Sum, 6. And they remain.

!!.!he same rendere account of 30 oxen remxLning. And o f 2 which have

matured. And of one received from Davld Wacl in order that he

might no t be reeve.

sun;, 33 Of which in murrain 9.

Sun, 3 . And 30 remain. , dC

' A f f r i

Vacce

Idem r e d d i t cumpo2;wn de ba-W d e mment ia . Et cle ij de

ad~mctic. Et dc 3 secspto de b v i d \%c' v.t non ait prepositue.

3 i ~ , xx~iij.

De Quibua In muri rm i i j

Stumna, i i j . Et r e m e n t xxx.

Idem redd3.t comgcrt,uu~ de m vaccfa da r ew~ea t i a . Et d e v i i j de

adunc tio . Surmner, xmciij

De Quj.\jus In wx-2 m i J . S ~ ~ , ij. Et re-ent xxxj.

Bave tti Ldem redd i t conipotum de iiiJ bovettis ile remarmitia

Idem reddit c m p o t m de x:ij vitu'l.is de exitu iatius mud.

S t m m , x i j

S m a , j. Et; rwment xj.

DE! Qttibm h morina an te tonaionem i i j . In venditio post

Matrices Idan reddit, coropo turn de 5 a i j matricihs de reawnentf a.

S-, D ' x x i j .

Cow3 The sane renders account of: 25 cowa remaining. And o f 8 which have

WL t1.m d .

Slcm, 3'3.

Of which. :In mmra%n 2.

Sum, 2. And 71 rerush.

Bullloclrs The e w e renders accow~t; of 4 bullocks remining,

SW, 4 . And they ramin, one of which is a bull.

F-W year The o m s renders account of 9 two-year ol.ds c f the remaining

Sllru, 4

Of which . In m~~rrrsin 3 .

Sua, 3. And there remain 6 of vhich 4 are mile.

'Ye:a.rliras The same renders RCCOWX~ of 41 yearlings of the remaining calves.

. S - . SW, 12. And they remnin, of which 5 are male.

Cki'Lwfx The same rcnders accoimt of 12 c&lvea of tkuo year's iseus.

Sum, 12.

,C F)f which. In t f t h e 1.

Sum, 1, And 11 remain.

We them The acme renders account of 354 wethers raining.

sum, 354.

-... shewing 23. h sale outa ide the perlod of accolmt 12.

Sun, 35. And tl-bere r e m a b 319.

hhes Thc reriders account of 522 eweG romainirg.

Sum, 522.

. Of w ~ c h . In murrain before iambing and shearing 11. In mumain af t e rm Z1mb3. ng shearing 10.

h

SW, 21. And 501 rcmein. Iiog@ts . ' The smo r.entlers nce,oau;t of 329 hoggets of the remains of the l&be.

before Of which. In wrrain before the :qhearing 22. An6 atf t e r the shearing

Sum, 34. And 295 remain o f which 240 are male.

I m b e The same renders account of 466 lambs of the i.ame.

Of which. I n w m i n before the Lithe 67. In t i the 40. In murrain af ter the t i t h e 16, In nale before the shearing 12.

Sm, 355. And 331 remain.

Wool ! h e same rendera account 0% 351 wetinerat f leecea. And of 511 ewee1

fleocca, And of 707 hoggetsl fleecea.

%mp l , l 6 g

Of wUc:h. In t i t h e 11'7. In sale as rapyeam below 1,041 fleece8

which mcie R1 B tones. And be it mted Wmt 92 sheep of whatever

De Quibus Xn morina ante fetum et tonsionem x j . In morina post

Stmrma xx j . Et remanent DJ. Hogga~tri Idem reddit compotum de CCCxxix hoggaetri de remanentia agnorum.

prim agni S-, C C C ~ .

De Quibus In morina ante tonsionem -3. Et post tonsionan x l j .

Summa, nrxiii j. E t remanent CCXCV quorum CCXL msaculi

A& Idem reddit cornpotus de CCCCLXVJ agnSs de exitu

Summa, CCCCIJNJ

De W b w In morina ante Decimam Lxrij. In DecW XL. In mrlna

poet d e c i m NJ. In venditio ante toneionem xij.

Suunna, Cxxxv. Et remanent C O C r n j

Lana Idem reddit compotwn de CCCLJ velleribus multonum. Et de Rxj

velleribus matricium. E t de CCCvij velleribus hoggastrolum.

De Quibua In Decima ClcviJ. In venditio ut patet infra M. x l j

velleribtm que f e c e m t iffj petrae. Et memorandum quod x l j

bidentes cuimlibet sexus facunt petrem ultima in toto xxx velleree.

In venditio euper compotun x j ve l l er ibk que fecerunt j petram q w e

xhul tonurn. 3r:

Laua Xdem reddit compotum de CCCXXXJ velleribus Lane agnonrm faoientibue *W=

x j petras dimidiem. E t in venditio infra. E t n i ch i l remanet.

produce a stone beyond orrhich there are 30 fleeces. In sale outeide

the period of account 11 fleeoss nlrich make 1 stone because they

srs from wethere,

' LmbsV Ths ems renders account of 331 fleecee of lembe1 wool d d n g 1l$ wool etones. And in eale below, And nothing rem€ains.

By Colm Power.

The 1918 Congress of t h e Xristh T.U.C. and Labour Party was held i n t h e City H a l l , ~ a t e r f o k d on the S a l 6th and 7th of August of that year amid wideepread antagonism to Br i t i sh rule i n I re land and of admiration f o ~ the Russian revolut ion which ha8 taken place the previous year. "The sentiment of the gathering was s t rongly nat ional" sccor6ing t o 6reaves; W r l d War 1 was s t i l l i n progress, though it soon was to end w i t h the s igning of the armistice on N w e m h e r 11th.

Sane months, p r i o r t o the holding of the Congress, the Irish Trade Union mwement had gaFned a s i g n i f i c a n t victory i n the Anti-Conscription s t r i k e of Apr i l , 23rd. "The strike was a great show ok s t reng th , sot: only fox the a n t i ~ c o n s c r i p t i o n cauare but for the labour movement as a whole" according t o Arthur itche ell? Faced with t h i s ehbw of strength, the B r i t i s h Gwernemnt decidad no t to make the Order i n Council introducing conscription in to Ireland. It s i g n i f i c a n t l y added t~r tabour's stature! and ensured that the Waterford Congress took place a t a t i m e when the movement's morale was high. something which is ref lected in the jpoceedings.

THE PROCEEDXHGS OF' AUGUST 5th m3

Tne officers of the Congress 1917/1918 were as follows:

Chairioan - Wi1Zia.m O'Brien (Dublin). Vice-Chairman - Thornas Cassidy (Derryl . Weamxer - d. Campbell (Be l fas t ) . Secretax y - P.T. t h l y (Dublin).

The meeting commenced i n the morning, and Monday was devoted to addreaees of welcome: and ;p~cscetl.ur al. arrangements, 'Thmas Catasidy, (Typographical Association, Berry9 and Vice-Chairman of the National Executive, presided at the opening of the proceedings. The reason for t h i s was tha t there was a disyute about the r i g h t of w i l l & OIBrien, the Chairman, to be presen t as a delegate. (This matter w i l l be dealt ~ith~later on). The delegates were welcomed t o the City by Councillor Kirwan, i n the absence of the Mayor, ~ u n c i l l o r McDctnald, through indisposi t ion . Amongst those who at tended t o join in the welcome were the Rev. W . J . O'Connell, ADM., t h e Cathedral, E. Dalton and T. Dunne, Pres ident and Secretary of the Waterford Trades Council, T. Shaughneeey, Principal, Technical Institute and Rev. J. ~ e l Z i h e r , S.T.L.

In his opening remarks, MP. Cassidy extended a s p e c i a l g ree t ing to new delLgates representing National Teachera and Clerko. This was a reference M the fact that the X.N.T.O. a d the I r i s h C l e r i c a l Workers' Union heid j u s t a f f i l i a t e d to Congress. R e devoted a great p a r t of h i s spaach to the need to update the c o n s t i t u t i o n of t h e 1.T.U.C. and L,P.

Thomas Dunne (Secretary, Waterford % a d r Council) was a p p i n t e d A s ~ i s t a n t Secre tary to the Congress.

The fo l lowing were e l e c t e d t~ a c t 9s Stnn.Iinj7 Orders Committee:-

Messrs. 0 ' F n r r e l l (~ ln i lw8y Clerks A s s x i 2 t i m ) . D. Hous t -,n (I. T.G.K.U. ) . M. S!>merville (A.S.C. -7n;l J , ) . T.C.Dnly (N.U.2. ). J .Mitchel1 ( ~ e l f q s t Trnc:es Counci l ) .

Messrs. T.Boyle (Dublin Tr2des Counci l ) 2nd T. KenneCy (I. T.G.W.U. ) were e l e c t e d t e l l e r s .

Messrs. Duffy (Drs2ers ' A s s i s t g n t s ) nnd Doherty (;i2ilwly Clerks ~ s s ? c i - t i < m ) were electer1 n u d i t ~ r s .

It w 3 s then r roposecl t h s t W i l l i n m OtBrien tgke t h e c h ~ i r . Alderman MC Cnrron, Derry (~mqlgom?te .l Soc ie ty of T s i l o r s nnd T ~ . i l a r e s s e s ) q q ~ o s e t L o n t h e grounzls thn t N r . 0 'Brien hqving been expo1le:l by t h e Dublin brqnch c f t h e rm3.lgnmatec! Soc ie ty of T a i l o r s w s n::, l m g e r e l i g i b l e t~ be 1. edeleg~?te t? t h e ~ c n q r e s s 5

O'Brien denied t h a t he h.?J been 1 e : ~ a l l y expe l led . The Fxecut ive Council of the T y i h r s ' Soc ie ty h -3 pnwer t? c l 1 1 ug;:in him t r ? r e s i p b u t they h0;I n o t d?ne S<;. He w ~ s s t i l l 3 6e legn te t o t h e Dublin Tr.:ics Council, which b ~ d y h9G s c n t him to c o n p e s s . 6

A f t e r c a n s i l e r n b l e cl iscussion, t he y r q , ~ s i t i m lPth? t Mr.O'Brian -to tyke t h e Ch?irH w,ns carr ie :? by 159 t o 38.

Tha meet ins then t: l jcurned.

August 6th .7

Cvngress rasumed Jn t h e m ~ r n i n g d f Tuesclqy August 6 th , th is time wi th William O'Erien i n thi! chmir. The d q y f s p?oceeitings were devotecl t 3 t h e ; r c s e n t ~ t i m 2f t h e I i e , x r t ~f t h e N.qtir,nnl Executive nnr! t h e .?iscussi.m of sqme. The f i r s t i t em which W-s d e a l t w i th i n t h e rc;ort W ~ S t h q t a~f ~ r g ? n i s q t i m. This wa l s sn importgnt i tem, bocquse ~f t he b i ~ incseose i n t r ~ d e u n i m membership 2nd t h e e x i s t e n c e of many 1-jntentisl members throughout t h e country . This secti2m of t he re; :ort o; ene,! ?S f c l lows :

" In presentin!: t h e i r r e p w t f o r t h e p n s t yeqr , t he N 3 t i m c l l

Executive 3re p lenser ! t o be i n ? p o s i t i :n t o r eco r* i t he g r e a t s t r i d e s which t h e L-bour movement i n I r e lqnd h ~ s h k e n dur ing t h e twelve mmths s i n c e nur 11st Cmgress .

* F o l l m i n g t h e J e c i s i o n of l , s t ycnr your Executive 7roceedeY t o pu t i n opern t i im t h e Orgnnising Scheme adorited by t h e Derry Cmgress . They i ssued cnrds nnd st2mps a s decil?ed.' It soon becqme riyp:?rent, h m e v e r th.?.t f o r t h e d e v e l o p m a t o f ' Pq r t I1 of t h e Scheme, new mrchinery wqs necessnry t~ p r e s s t h e m a t t e r forw2rd ns i t was f e l t i t should be pressed . We were fnced w i t h t h e p c s i t i , m t h q t i n m2ny p l ? c e s i n t h e c m n t r y ca . l l i ng ou t f o r o r g q n i s ? t i o n t h e r e w.>s ?bs : :~ lu te ly none , , puged on t h e Trndes Union b q s i s . The N s t i m s l Executive consicqered t h e a 2 v i s n b i l i t y of , f ~ l l s w i n s on t h e %nes of t h e Americyn Fe?ern.tion of ~ a b c u r i n o r g m i s ing llmixe!2 locn l s lP b u t in~ismuch ,?.S t h i s w~ml:! be cont r ,my t,j the i n s t r u c t i o n s of C-mgress t h e 8 f c:ll3winq o u t l i n e f o r c;.,nsi !ern tim nnr?, i f si; decided ,3pprovnl1l.

1,rh;zt w2s ? r . ~ p a s e ~ I W?S t h a t i n s r n l l t'::jwns where t h e r e wls no tr?. : le union msmbershiy, l1Tre,lle& ?n,'; L2b'aur CeunCils" w m l d be s e t UY.: unfJer t he 9.us::ices df t h ; ~ ; I .T .U .C . ~ ) . n l L.P. bu t u n l i k e t h o s e i n ' the c i t i e s t c ~ which bronches 2f tr?.;-!e un isns

* ~ , f f ilia ter:, ind iv i i 'uc l members wcr.uld. jam U;-:. Af t e rwr : r& the-se members woul;'. be . f ; r o u p :l. i n ~ e c t i i ~ n ~ ?.ecor5ing t in:?us t r y f? l lowed, s l y -

D i s t r i b u t i v e T r r Je s Sectir:n,Buil,J.ini: Tr?:?es Sec t im ,Tr . ?nsnor t . . , T r 3 - 7 ~ ~ Sect i , )n , ; ~ ~ r i c u l t u r ~ l S e c t i m, e t c . . . .

k suq:.!:ester:! s e t :;f r u l e s f o r such cl. Tr-cles gni.1 Lqbr;ur C x m c i l W ? S t hen s e t o u t 2 ~ l s c i n t h i s s e c t i o n of t h e r e ~ : i , s r t , t h b r e w?s 2 l e t t e r f r . ~ m t h e 1Tnti:mnl Execut ive which w ~ s s e n t t : sever71 Tr-Zcs C junc i l s r.:questing: i n f z r r n ~ t i m nb3ut t h e i.a(>Ss i b i l i t y of gettin[: L8b ? u r cqni!ir!-tcs clecte,- j i n t h e n ~ x t pener.1 e l e c t i o n . 10 hmmg t h e ques t i , -?ns i n t h i s l e t t s r wer? the fol lowinCq ; . .

h h r l t c .ms t i t u e n c g , o r c . ; n s t i t u e n c i e s , i n y m r C i s t r i c t does your C ~ u n c i l c msickei. shaul.2. be c . . n t e s t e d ? ''?!h? t pre t h ~ ~ ) ~ O S ~ X C ~ S 3f L C C ' I ~ L r b m r Yiei:ressnt? t i o n ? HsT*~ mnny L?Scur members of Locnl b(.j<.ies, T w n o r Urbrn Council, P .3sr L3w B~0.r: : . e t c . 2re there; i n y m r c l i s t r i c t ? '

\$h,clt sugc<estions cnn y m m:?ke :!S t:; h::w the Wc:men v ? t e r s c?n be ~ r g ? n i s e d cm:! ~ s s c c i - r t e d wi th s u r w,;rk ? S 2 L2Four P n r t y ?

There wns :l s e c t i m i n t h e re;$?ort r;n Fsorl. C ~ n s e r v 3 . t i m . . It deacr ibe .3 h .~w t h e L?>-mr r e p r a s e n t ~ . t i v c ? s '2n t h Fc:)otl Cont rc l Committee h ~ c i r e s igned fr:-,m t h ? t b xly9 wnich was r e f e r r e d t o 9 s

?I. f -!kc qnf:! r! fr!:~u,", I1 Then the c~rresj;~.:n;".ence which t >r\k ~ l q c o i n l n t e 1917 ~ n r i e z r l y lgl0,bctkreen F.T.Dp1y r e p r e s e n t i n g the I . T . U . C . on.?; LOP. an m e h?n:!, 7n:l 1~5.qders s f t he B r i t i s h L?.h.~ur P? r ty , P e t e r s 'nn;,! Hen:lers:;n m t h e 2 t h e r on t h e s u b j e c t of t h e 'Gepresent9t i .m of t h e . Peo::.le 1s Act w = s ;mbl isheZ i n f u l l .

nIn csmpli2nce wi th t h e i n s t r u c t i d n s uf t h e N ~ t i s n n l Fxecut ive wc t r n v e l l e t l t:; Lnndon m J ~ n u q r y 20th fcir t h e pur-ose c f interviewing N . C ~ m i l l s H u y s m ~ n s , S e c r e t ~ r y , In te rno t i s n 2 1 Duresu, m l - they r e : ~ r e s e n t q t i v e s , i n o r d e r t c , forwnrd our cl-in f?r rec~gnitim in the Intcrn,.ti~n~l h b m r movoment, i n ~ c c o r r ~ ? n c , w i th t he d e c i s i m ~f t h e l n s t C:>ngress.

rt Fin6inz t h q t M.Huysm3ns h i [ l n ~ t y c t 3 r r i v c . .. ' f p , ' r*1?

I . - - A-.* mnMa.A*fiw

M.Maxim L i tv ino f f ,,.Pleni:otenti.?ry o f t h e 1Sussi.n Pei>ple 1,s

Government t;.; Gre,? t B r i t ~ i ' n . t $ whcm we. were - in t ro~luce: l by , N r . l l o b e r t . ~ i l l i n m s ~ k c r & t ? r y i N ~ t i c j n ? l T r m s i , ~ r t W ~ r k e r s f . ' F e d e r o t i m . M. L i tv in : r , f f , receiv&;-: ' us very cor:!illly,' and promise:2 .. . t h a t t h e . f u l l suppor t d f the : i u s s i m movement w:ull:! be ' given, t c ; i?ur c ls im. for rdmiss i~ : )n .ns n n:?t ion t.? the , I n t ~ r n . ~ t i o n ? l . 'He

. .

showed h imse l f t:) be well-informe,.!. nbliut I r i sh n f f i i r s , all;\ d.men$icned t hn t b o t h L e n i n ~ni:! Trgtsky were. cr?nve.rscn,t: w i t h : t h e

w r i t i n g s of Jqmes Cnnnr,lly , wh.$)s.s ,n?.me, , M . L i tv in i i f f stnte?,wns f n v a y ~ > b l y kn!::wn . , t o thb ';?us S i . ; n i l a v d u t i c n . ~ r y movement.

: I .: . . . S . .. . . . . .

. . . 'I ~ e a r i i n ~ t h a t ~ . ~ u y k k : i n g : ~ ~ u 1 . i ' ' t r . 9vo l ' 4 i r d c t t c ; t h e , Lqb-;ur . ~ : . P n ~ t y . C.::,nferenco-. 3t i ~r:ttin~i;hsm' we ,'-~rt;.c'ce-ls:1. tc:: thq t C i t y , 5n: the ,22n3 m r i ; wi r? f b r t u m to : i n ' mec$ins him' -m t h e , i-lf tcrnorni l c j f , t h a t . ,

dny. H ~ v i p g exi~lnina! t a N.lIuYsrnffns i n c le tn i l . the ly ,bs i t i :m gf .:. t h p movement.:, i n I r e lnnc!., :m! the ;clkim .we were ?uthwise(-"i , . ; m ~ k e

f o r racoqni t i# :m a s 3 nqt , ionnl en t i ty ,we r,equestarl t h ~ t M. Huysm~ns w2uld p u t o u r ,yrjsitis:;ns before t h e nbxt mee t ing of

: t h e - .Buro~.u.. - I n r e i d l y M..Huysrn?ns, while shswiny us . eve rby c m r t e s y mc! f r i e n ? l i n e s s , s a i d 3s m : . j f f i c i ? l ~ f , t h e Bur&q.u, ' h e w n s precluil.cd f rcm . . ex;:ressinc any ,o . ; . : in im o n : b u r ' c l ~ . i m . It

. .

"On t h e f 2llowing 3ny we met M. Jonn Lmgust ,xho grsntei : us ?, l o n ~ . i n t e rv i ew, nn.:: l istene:: with s r e ~ t intere,::t t i ~ wh?t we hcjd

S .

. t o s?y on beholf of t h e I r i s h Movemnt. , ' H e ~ ~ i i . 7 , thn.'t he t:;?k 7.

cl.eep i n t e r 9 s . t i n tha - Ir ish q u e s t i :n nn; ex$ res s<d k'een' s n t i s f a c t i m : m l e w n i n s th.1.t qne r df: t h e c!eleg,~$as: was- n r:c;:resentnt<v& of the . . elf-st' Trndes C,~unc i l . ' Be . prgmised his most co r? . i z l s u p s o r t fi>r i-iur c lqim t c r ~ c > ~ p i t i > n i n t h e In t e rna t i \ ; n , ? l , qnr? s n i 2 i t W mid q f f or.? h i m very mucb plensure" t r ~ v i s i t I r e l3n . l whan h i s entyp,emonts hr~uli:!' pe rmi tFf . .

Tom Jr~hnson w n s c l c c t c d Trensu ro r inst:?4 ; f D.Z.C3mpbell w h ~ 4 i c l nf.it seek r ( . -c l i7ct i m. The, ncw ~ x ~ c u t i v w ~ s q s f7ll:xss :-

C h ~ i r m s n ' - Thjm"s C-ssidy, Derry. . Vice-Chc>irmm - Th3mqs Fqrron, Dublin. T r s ~ s u r e r Th3mns J ) h n s m , Dublin.

C Or"W1 TTEE ----- Dublin. Dub 1 i n . B e l f q s t . Dublin. Dublin. Dublin. C:,rk. C,.rk.

F O O T N O T E S :

thsnks t 2 t h e W?terf:-,rd even t . This W Q S ';?ro(^ased by s~c.~ni!e t l by J.J.l;eiTm ~ n d (A.S.E. ) .

Rey.ort of t he Natian31 Executive 1919. ( N q t i q n ~ l Librqry, Dublin. )

ih i r l . p.1 . m. Tj.2 - 3 . . i ) .5 - 6 . Thsmrs J?hns In - by J. knthony Gn.uyhm, (13'71) ,117 . de--)art ~f N3ti .m-l Executiva 1918. lj.33 . 3ei)ort r > f I.T.U.C. qnii L ~ . b u u r Fqrty 1918 - I.C.T.U., 13;!;qGl7n ? I , . I ~ : ? , Dublin . _fix 9 d e t n i l e d g c c ~ u n t :;f this feu? s e r Lnbmr i n I r i s h

1890-1930 by Arthur Mitchel l , p.93-94 . This wqs n r e fe rence t , the f ? c t t h q t J~2hnsx-i had haen born i n Liveri:joc!l. F w f u r t h e r de tc , i l s sec Thomm m n s <3n by J. Anthqny Grlu:~h?,n.

afloat...on a particular issue his vote carried the day for the government. Mr, de Valera invited him to join the Fianna Fail party and a short time later there was a general election. I was approached to promote Mr. Heskin's cause again, but I hgd got married in the meantime and I wasn't able to accept the invitation to work because Mr. Heskin was a party man and I have always been an independent minded man since my youthful days."

Michael Walsh was subsequently involved with Macra na Feirme and the NFA in the Kilmacthomas district, but he was not b to be active in politics again until 1979 when he contested the elections for Waterford County Council as an Independent,

Interview with Emmet O'Connor at Kilmoylan, Kilmacthomas,ll November 1981,

WILLS RELATING TO WATEFFOKD

--. by J u l i m C . Wnlton.

111. UNI'UBLISHED JEhNITU'GS AESTRISCTS : The "WATEKFORD WILLStt SERIES.

IhTDEX OF TESTATORS ( l ) A - K . A s pointed out i n the previous instalment , Jennings I h i s t o r i c n l p."-pers were -?cquired from h i s widow by J.Canon McGuirk,qt whose death i n 1940 they pqssed t o the Libr2ry of the O'Connell School, North Richmond S t r e e t , Dublin. The s e r i e s Isbellecl tlW:~terford !dil le" c o n s i s t s 3f nine exe rc i se books,but on the cover of the f i r s t Cmon McGuirk wrote : I t 1 1 bksett Tw9 the re fo re e re missina ( they never reqchad the O'Collnell School) - one hopes th.t one d ~ y they w i l l t u r n up somewhere. The remaining books conta in nea r ly 700 pages of script,mcde up a s fol lows:

VOL. PAGES 7

1. 1-104

DATES C.ON TEN TS

1582-1675 prerogat ive w i l l s , rnnny r e l q t i n g t o Co. Waterford. The l l a t two psges . nre w r i t t e n i n penci1,and con t s in Wqterford and Lismore w i l l s of 1,820- IS21 l ~ t e r recopied elsewhere. ,

1724-1731 w i l l s m d cdmons. ,W3terford m d Lksmore D i ~ c e s e . Pqpes 13.3-153 ? r e ,

w r i t t e n i n penci1,end contnin s b s t r q c t s f o r the yeqr 1800 l n t e r recopied elsewhere, misce l lmeous .

1762-1783 w i l l s & qdmons.,Wnterford & Lismore. The f i r s t entry,however, is the w i l l of bishop Gore, 1697.

1783-1797 w i l l s & ~dmons, Waterford 8 Lismore. 1797-1810 tt 11 11 tt tt tt

1810-1027 l) It It I f It If

1827-1834 11 !I 11 II 11 tv

1834-1843 tt 11 tr II 11 11

Page 697 i n penci l .

The s e r i o s rnpy be consul ted i n phot3co;-ly i n the Public Record Office ( c s l l number:lC.41.46). There i s 7 cnrd-index i n the reqding-room,in which Jenrlingsl notes h-ve been compwed w i t h e n t r i e s i n the o f f i c i a l indexes. The dnte given i n Boch cdse i s t h ~ t 3f probqte o r ndminis tr3t ion, FI p r q c t i c e we hrve followed below.

This is no t m easy document t o use. Jennines hmdwr i t ing i s cliff i c u l t , h i s s t y l e i s t z r s e ,he m de f requent use of a b b r e v i q t i m , and i n 7.ccordsnce with the then r e g u l q t i m he m3de h i s notes i n penci1,which he l q t e r inked over;fur thermore, the PRO copy i s a n e ~ 4 t i v s pho tos ta t . Hence it i s impor tmt ,beforo consul t ing the MS, t o look f i r s t ~t our previcus instolment(3.n Decies XVII.),which contnins an index t o those ctbstrqcts (about m e - t h h d of the t o t a l ) published i n the J ~ u r n n l of the Vnterford m d South-East of I r e l and ~ r c h ? e o l o ~ i c ? l c i e t y . ! a n t we present below i s c.n index t o the remainder.

I should l i k e t o express once sga in my t h m k s t o D r . H e n ~ y Morris,whose d r n f t index forms the b3s i s of my own;snd t o Brother W.P.Allen,who allowed me rendy gccess t 3 the Jennines MSS q t the

L O~Connel l School.

TESTATOR .. - - - . . PAGE

Abr~ham,Tdilli?m, R.C.Eishor, of W? torf 3rd & Lismore, l837 668

Alcock, El i znbe th , \ da t e r f~ rd ,w id?w,1825 (ndmon) 601

Andrews, Johri, Cloqheen,~u~rter Nqster Light Dr~pons, 535 1812 (3Ctmon)

~nthon~,'~br&nm, 1Xrng~-rvm,merch?nt, 1799 (~dmon) 424 - : . . -

Anthony;~ose-,?h, Dunmore ,revenue Officer, 1824 (ndmon) 594 A a

Archbold, John,T.lcrterf ord,merchrnt ,1810 519 I

0 ,

Arn~ld,John,Gortn~dihy,f1rmer,l302 - -438

Arthur,P~trick,C~in~nn1,Co~Limerick,gent~l6~~ 97 . '

Arthur,Thom~s,Dublin,doctor of physics,l674 96

Arthur,Willi~m Fitzp~trick,Limerick,merchnnt,l662 89

Aylmer zlirps ~nrnewnll~~nbel, 1654 , 67 Ay~rner,Wil~i~m,Rusk~gh~Co~Tip .,gent,1660 84

Eqldwin,Nichol~s,~urr~ghduff,f~rrner,1~05 $88

(B?113.: see Dillon,Rnne)

Bnrloe, J9mes9 Dublin, 15G4 4l .

(~nrnewall : see Aylmer, Mzbel ) ,

Bnron,Mntthew,Grey Rack,1796 391

~arron,~lice,5r~terford,spinster,1814 542

Barron ,John,C~rrickbsrr~h~n,esquir~,l799(admon) 324

B~rron9John,Geor~estt)wn,esquir~,1815 552

~arron, ~ o h n , ~ n r r i c k b ~ r r ~ n , c s ~ u i r s , 1915 (admon) 561

i3arron, Jc'rin, C'irrickbc~rron, eequire, 181s (2dmon) 469 BaFfon,Mary, Tr2mor~ ,spinster, lC312 532

Barron, Fierce, C2stletown or Bnllykero~ue ,1800 138 9

a 440 .

B-rron,Tlichnrd, Durrvv, esquire O 1C12 533

Bnrron3ldi~li~m,~rrow,esquire,1800 146, - . . 438

GnLrrg, Thom~s , ~londel, now of Islqnd Trinity, 5181 : I Ner.if ~undl:;n3, 1821. - . . -

S ,. f

~zxter~~argnret ,W'.I terf 3rd9 1769 . 215

Ceebyp,Vxthqn, Kilmacam? nwr Clonmel, gent, 1830 (ndmon)

TFS TA-T OS

~ e r e s f ord, ~ o h n , ~ o o d s t o ~ ~ ~ f n r m e r , 1213 (admon) PAGE - 540

Bet t s , Clpt2 in Th0rn9.s~ Governor of Dunc~pnon For t , 1658 77 Blnke,Andrew F i t z ~ ~ t r i c k , G ~ l w ~ y , ~ l l C ; ~ r m n n P 1630 35

El~ke,Mich~el,Cshir,~ent91~29 624

Boughley, Pn t r i ck , Cl~nmel , f ,?~rmer , 1795 3.8 6 Eourden, J>3hn9EalleenLod@e, Ca .Kilkenny, e s q u i r e 9 1678 , W Bourke, R i c h n r d , K i l c o r ~ n , Co.Tip. , f ~ r r n e r 9 1 8 3 3 (qdmon) 650, Bourke,Rev.Thom~s , E ~ i l l ; y b ~ c o n ~ Co.Tip., Pnr i sh k r i e s t , l 7 9 4 380 Bourke, Rev. Ul ick, CF l lyvoony o r 3e l lacove , l830 633

E r n ~ ; ~ , W i l l i n m , K i l c ~ u p h ~ g e n t , 1630 66

Bray, Czther ine T~dhite,Clonmel,1803 469

Brennm, q l s Rym, C ~ t h e r i n e , M ~ r l f ie ld ,C) .Tip. ,widaw, 610

1527 ( ~ d m o n )

Brennock ,U~r th~lomet l , Clonmel, sho >koe~.,er, 1805 490

?ri(3gin, Humphrey, Dooneen ,~ent , 1800 145 Eri?n,Denis, Shnnbr-llg,f - r ner, 1 P O O (-clmon) 148,

459 Ericn,J~hn9Y~llindud,rlrrner91822 ( ~ d m o n ) 589 .

Brien, f ) h e b e , C ~ ~ n m e ~ ~ w i ~ ~ o ? ~ ~ ~ 1910 ,520 .

E r i t t , PP t r i c k , r ( n ~ c k e h ~ l o h ~ n , 1932 694

B r i t t e n , Fqtrick,Gnrryduff , CoeTi?. , f ~ r m ~ r , 1 2 (~drnon) 591 -

Brom,Rev.C~rthclome~~Kill St,Lnurence,R.C,Curste,1302 464 ( 3 dmon )

Brown, Feter,'hi?tcrf frd, c e n t , 1738 4'1 5 ~ r a w n e , ~ n d r s w , ~ : , t c r f 3 r d ,merchc>nt9 1660 79

Growne, J ~ h n F i t z Gecrge ,W?tcrf ord, l624 6

Browne, Th~mns ,i,lJclterf -3rJ ,mercChnt, 1626 5

Eryqn, 1759 202

Bryon,J~mes,Clonmel~shopkee~er,1805 (qdrnon) 489

Bryoh, Lqwrence, Ahenny, CO,, Tip. 1805 489

Buck, J~hn,Teapleivcrick,f~.rrner,1832 (3dlnon) 639

TESTATOR

Rull,Jdn~s,Waterford,hen_rth money coll~ct~r,lf~OO (ndmon)

~uller,:l~illi~m,Curr~qhmore,g~rdoner,1791

Burke,Edmund,G~rryclo~her,fr'rncr9l82~

Curke,Yilo,C~rrick-on-Suir9esquire91827

Burke, Thom.~s, C~rrick-on-Suir, l810

B u t l e r , C ~ t h e r i n e , C ~ ~ r r i c k - a n - S u i r , l W

Rut l s r ,Edmond , f l rdm~i le , Cr,.Til1. ,esquire,1628

~utler,Edmond,Killro~:~Co.Ti~~~f-~rmer,~791

Butler, Isqbell? . Judkin,W. terf orcl, li!2g

Eutler, J~mes,13ungnnsts~n, C:>.Cqrlsw,gent,1630

Butler, Jnmes, Killmar2 ,frrmer9 1GOg (ndmon)

Eutler, John Fit~thom~~s~Sh~nb~llyduff ,Co. Tip. ,gent, l623

Eutler,Mnry,Bnllyn~kill,Coe Tiprn ,widcm,l656

Dutle'r, Yqry, 1.i tcrf ord, spinsti- r, l821

Butler, Pn trick,Figlnsh, 1796

Butler,Patrick,Kilb~llyquilty9f~rmr912 (ndmon)

Butler, Peter, C~rrick-on-Suir, sh>;zkeeper,1794

Eutler, Fiercs,Kilnem<1ck, 1803

Butler, Fierce,B~llydonough, 1333

Eutler, Rich?rd,Xillc~sh, Co. Tiy., esquire, 1793 (ndmon)

Butler, Richqrd, KillcnshjC~,Tip.,yeom?n,1797

Butler, The9b~ld Pitz ~n~illirrliz,R~hyn9 C.J. Tig., zent, 1653

PAGE -

Eutler, Thomrs,Fo1l~rdsta~m,Co.Limerick9esqufre91637 61

Butler,Thomss9Kilc~sh9esquire91797 400 Butler, Thom~s,W~.tsrf a?:', l?bl;urer, 1824 (i?dmon) 598

C,utlcr, Williflm,Gnllyp.i trick, Lod,r.e, Co. Tip., 1803

(~utler : see Desmond, Camtoss of ,and hl?lsh,Gridget )

3yrne,Edmond,Dun~~rv~n91D02

Cyrne ,l\lithe~r,~fil~tarf 3rd ,?,?inter 5c g1.-zier, 1040

Ryrne ,Villi?m,Grange,f 1rmer91G14 (qdmon)

Cahill,D?vid,C~rrick-on-~uir9clothi~r917~9

Cahill, Phili?, Ccrricli,Slue dyer, l79,$

Csllngh~ne, Owen, Cwnr.?!;h,f~rmer, 1727 (r on)

Cd?llnh~n, Own, Tallow, tsnner, 133&l.

C?llan?n, J~mes ,Billc-sh9f ?rmtr, 1797 (qchon)

Callindsr,?ilTnlter ,Aff ~n~,fnrmer, 1795 (rdmon)

Cambell, Jqmes, drdf in'ln, public-n, 1792 (sdmon)

Clcs r , Jomes ,Ferns , g e n t 9 1632

CsXephon, J-mess Clof;hcen9 c ~ r p e n t e r , 1313 ( ~ d m o n )

Coffe?, Lr~urence,Iiillgobbinet,f qrmer,1802 (.<dmon)

Coffee, * ' l o r a ~ ~ n , R ~ l l y l i n c h , 1830

Coghln.n, Ijaniel9Fc.cidnn,Kinp; 1s Co. ,gen t , l 663

Coghlnn, John, Dungqrv~n., 1796

~ o ~ h l c n , Joseph,You,yh?l, 1799

Coghlm, P'i?rg,qret ,Ardcse , ~ i t ? ~ o w , 1793

Coghl?n, Tsrence ,Ki l lc i~ lg :~n9King vs Co. ,1653

Colber t , John,Dung:!rvnn91837

Cole, P n t r i c k , K i l m u r r ~ y ~ f :?rmer91831 (,?dmon) '

Co~ernnn ,~~ i i l l i~ :n , Ci~ol f i n , f . ~ r i n e r , 1806 (ndmon)

; C a l l e t t ? I s Msr:! ,K-nn-h, Clonmel,widow, 1825

Comerf o r d , R i c h . ~ r d , Ggnzgnm\3rt: , C C 3 .Ki lk . ,qent 1629

Comerford,Rich~r~~,EnIlyburPCoD1Cilk., e s q u i r e , l 6 3 7

Comerf ~ r t h e , Ft?.trick, 1533

Common, P ~ t r i c k , Cnhir , 11nj16, 1,928

:': Congreve, Ambrose, Knackhousc, 1842

Congreve o l s Ken:iwn,F~ter,Curr~qh9f:.rmor,l835(sdmon)

Connell, Jnmes,Scnrt, C n h i r , W : ~ c , l c ~ m b c ~ r , 1 8 1 ~

Conne l l ,M~ur i ce , Tq1101ii~ E 1 2

C ~ ~ n n e l l , h ' i l l i ~ : n , C2hir , j o ine r , l k l 7 C~nnery,~Iriurica,F~~~llyb~~ne fnrrner, 1823

: Conn3lly9M?rtin t h s yaunger, 1765 (ydmon)

(Connolly : see Ke:itin<, J o h ~ n n q )

- PAGE

TESTATOR -.p

Cooke ,Anns, Clonmel ,wiI.i~vr9~179l

Cooke , Robert , h n t e r f w d , e squ i re ,.,l-828.

Coughlsn ? l s Kenney,?%ry, Trt>more, 1814 . . ; -546

Coughl~n, Thom,-,s, Coolniquilshee nls. Croghged, C.2, T i ? . , 448 ,.Fnrmer, 1800 (ndmon) , . 1 %

~ o u g h l m , Thomr: S , Shc:nr,~hqn, f qrmer, 1804 (ndmon )

CowleypRich~rd,Czol~~~ddin,frrm~r9l798 (2dmon) 41'3

Crnwley, John,i%terf crc!, bookse l le r , 1797

Crot ty ,Pl iznbeth , C ~ O ~ ~ C . ~ ~ W ~ C ? . C I W ~ 1313

Crot ty, ~ o h n , clonmAl, 1811 524

Crotty,John,C1~nme191~13 537

C u l l i n m , P ~ t r i c ~ ~ , K i l l i n ~ ~ p e ~ ~ f ~ rmer91815 560

Curreen, Thom~s s e n i o r , l l b b e y s i d e , ~ g ~ r v ~ ~ n , m n r i n e r , 1794 378

Drily, John, F :~ss~~1.e~grocer , l l rOg

Daniel, E~.lmunci,llughenny, Co, Tip. , f ? r m ~ r , 1814

Dnvin, Zierce, Clonme191816 563

Davis , Debor?hpinJ$terf ord, 1e22 621

, . ~ e & , Thomns, C.?rnk~ruf f , f n r m e r , l302 . . . ,463

. . . . . Dempseg, 01'1en, Clony;<swn&King 1s Co. ,esqui re ; l638; . . . ~ . .

. r ~ e n , . . Poulko,Fi~~.down,Co.Ki1kennyi1626 , .. . 3 . . . : . . . . . . . . .

-450'

TESTATOR

Dennehy, Laurence, John, C l q s h m ~ r e ~ ~ r ~ e n t , 1 3 7 ~

Denny,Re~.J~rnes,Clmmel,clerk~1805

Denny,Thom?s,W~terf cw8 , cooper, 1809

Desmond, E l i n o r I 'u t ls r , Dobrneer Countoss a f , 1630

Dillon, 11s E ~ l l , w i d o w , 1661

Dillon, C3ther ine , ? h t e r f x r l , tobaccc:mist, 1838 (?&non)

Dill~n,Rich~r~,Clonbr~~~kt:~Co.G~1w~y~esquire,l676

D ~ b b ~ ~ C h ? r l e ~ ~ W1terfor~,distiller,1S01 (ndmon)

Dobbyn,l;n-st-si-, Cqrriclc-on-Suir, l606

DobbynSAnne, s p i n s t s r s 1 d 2 0

Dobbyn,D~vi~l , C 1 0 n m e 1 , ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ t h e c ~ r y , 1791 ( 7 p ~ t h e . c - r y )

Dobbyn, John, K i l cu l l en , fn rmer , 1909 (~dmon )

Dobbyn,Pierce,Kilcullen,f~rmer~l~~5 (?&non) '

Dobbyn, W i l l i n m , bJ:>.t2rf ~ - i , e s q u i r a , l 6 6 3

Dobbyn,ldilli,.tm,b!?.terf ~ r d , h o u s e c 3 r p e n t e r s l 815

Donqnn,Willinin, K i l l i n c ~ r g i ~ ' , CO . \d ic l t l~w, 1656'

D ~ n n e l l y , M ~ t t h e w , \ ~ ~ ~ t e r f 3rc3, v i c t u ~ l l ~ r , 1839

Doody, J~hn,B~llygunner~f~rmer~1CC3~ (~clrtion)

Dorrn, I I~niol ,h1~ t c r f ~ r J , b r e w e r , 1630

Douse, John, :?"llyrluff , e s q u i r e ,1802 (qdrnon)

Douse,~dilli~nl,B~llyduff , e s q u i r e , l802 (c~dmon)

Dower,E~ond,Sh~n~kill,asquir~,1837

Dower,Rgbert ,Dung1rv~~n,brower ,1~?31

Downindye, J o h n , U ~ ~ l l r n ~ n ~ q h , C',?, Tip. ,.q6nt G 2 3

D o w s l e y , W i l l i ~ m , l ~ ~ ~ ~ tc>rf crf-1, 1227

Doyle,Debor-h,~~nllym~crw, s i ) ins t t l r , 1799

Doyle,Dennis , T n J n t s r f ~ r ~ ? , r s v e n u ~ o f f icer , l :310 (?dinon)

Dayle,Terence,C~rrick-an-Suir9mrchint9l8O7

Drew, J o h n 9 C ~ l l y n ~ 3 - ~ ; : r r l b ~ ~ ~ g , f ~ ~ r m e r , 1 7 9 4 (ndmon)

Dr i sco l l 31s Smith,John,Snu~bor~ugh,mrrin6r,1335 ( ~ d m o n )

Dume, J~mes,'r 'ourinilelnr:~tr r o1938

Duceg, 3 e n i s ,Wqtorf >r:I, 17".3

Duckett, Sus3nnqh 1'1rsqns ,Rt:dm13n~lst3wn, Cc., Tin. , w i r ~ % - , 1828

Dudley, Thomqs ,ldqtarf x.', t-bllow c h q n c l l ~ r , 1805

~ l o g h c . r e , J o h n , i ) u b l i n k l?unmoylrln,Cc.Limerick,~ent,162S

Dunq~n,1-1enry,~ublin,1657

Dunphy, J7mes ,Ynts r f ~ r ? , f ~ r m e r , 1793

Dwyer,Rich~rci,13~:~ ~ l n k e n e d y , p q r . Sha~nrrlhln,f 1rmer,1838 (adman)

Egsn,llichnel,Cr!hir,;ent. , f ~ r m e r , 1923 (n4msn)

Egnn,Ste~hen,C1hir,l791,1828 l

E~~n,Timothy,l.~ountmehi11, Co. Tip. , f ~ r m r , r , 1 7 9 3 (qdmcn)

PAGE

670

407

513 62

85

674

98

457

493

571

355

51 4 304

91

557

72

679

477

631

460

460

664

63'3 20

613

318

522

503

379

635

677

297

517

483 19 74

167, 366

673

625

347

my

Fi tqger r~ ld ,hn- . s t . ? . .. ti:.; ,B?1lybricken,wi.:Iot.r & Fu'olic:!n, 1826 (zdrnon )

. . Fitiger~ld,Edmond,Inismore9Co~Kerry9g~nt91676

Fitzgerol: i , ~drnond, Knock?,helch:!n, f hrrner, 1840 (qdrrim) . .

F i t z g e r ~ l d , F r ? n c i s , idIq t e r f :~r~.",,rn3.ster m v i n e r , 1336 . .

. . Fit~~er~1d,J~~hn,13:~11ydurn9f~rmer,131~ (13n;on)

F i t zge r . ? ld , John, Drumc~nnm, p n t 1826 (admon )

Fitzger~13,Mrrgaret91312

Fi t zge rn l t l , iulourice, ~ : i lnef reh . : -n , f :rmerp164-0 ( A c i r n m )

F i tzge, ~ l d , ! k u r i c o ~uninr,1~ilnefrch-n,fnrrnsr',l8.?0 (gdrnon)

F i t z q e r a l d , Fo te r , P?l lyHrishnne, IS20

F i t zge r . ? ld , R i c h ~ r i l , Clunyculnn, Co.Wa~trn~::~. th~ gen t , 1632

~ i t z ~ e r n l : ' c , ~ ; i c h c r : ~ , Lyref, Cq3. Ti:!:. ,1824

Fi tzeernlc! , Thomys F i t z John , :~~~s t e i l l c ln ,Co . C!~r !~ ,esqui re ,1628 21 .

t - TESTATOR 6 -

Flnhqvm, J e f f e r y , C o o l g o t ~ e r ~ f ~ r m e r , 1834 (?dmm)

Flqhrvnn, John, Co3lgo~n~er,fnrm9r, 1\;27 (-dmon) m

F l ~ h r v ~ n , T h ~ m ~ s , E ~ l 1 i n d ~ . ~ ~ f n r m e r ~ 1.325 (ndmon)

Flnnncrg,Rev,Thom~s, C:7p,~oquin,pnr ish p r i e s t , l S l O

Fl.nnery,Rev. Timothy, Tubric! ,p~r ish p r i e s t , 1'311 ( ~ d m o n ) Fling, John,E i l l y c k i s h ~ n - , lc .bourer , 1333

Flynn,Edith,W2terford9widow9 1 3 O !

Flynn, John,I~illosser~h~f~rmer9 1'302

Flynn, Maurice , G c r r .n - , nog I? , f~ rmer9 l(?O7

Flynn,Rev.Thom~s, S t Aichr - :e l l s Wi thmt ,pr : r i sh p r i e s t 9 1 3 1 5

~ l y n n , T h ~ m ~ s , ~ s u ~ ~ ~ n ~ ~ ~ f ~ r m e r , l 3 3 5

Flynn, Thorn.3, S h q n ~ c l u n e ~ f n r m e r , 1'749 (ndmon)

Fognrty,U~vid,~$!?terf ~ 6 , coopGr, 1303 (ndmon)

Fognrty, ~ r ; m ? s , k ~ - t i ; r f ~ 1 r d , 1 7 9 r !

Foley, Edmcnd, Dromor;, gen t , 1d00

Foley, John Moare, C ~ p t q i n 30 th Hegt. of F ~ o t , 1330 (admon)

F9ley9 John, Knxkohnrn , 1335

Foley, M-urice C l m f nd;1., l;l39

Foley, Thomss, L i s g r i f f i n 9 d e ~ l e r 9 1 3 4 2 (admon)

For~n,Thom::s, I s 1 ~ n d k c 7 n e 9 1 ~ , + l

Fowler, Jeremi~h,Dung.rv~n9r13venue o f f i c e r , ltJ24 ( ~ d m o n )

Fowley9Wich~el9C7rr ick C n s t l t 9 f ~ r m e r , l ' 2 h

Fowl9w9 D~?vid , K i l l co l em~n9f1 . rne r9 l79Q

Fowl~w,Csvi~!,Goulnni,f~rm~r,1:307 (admsn)

Fowlow, P ~ t r i c k , C r c b c l 1 1 y 9 f ~ r m ~ r 9 1 7 9 4 ( ~ d m o n )

Fow~ue, G ~ v i d , Drornyn\> f r,rmer9 11300

Fox, Terence9Iin~wth,Co.Louth9yeom~n9 l658

F r i p h s , J o h n , K i l n ~ r ? i q , p~ r .K i l c r~sh , l : ' 141

Fryer, John,W::terfo-rd, t - ~ n n c r 9 1 7 9 7 (?dmon)

Gqffney, P ~ t r i c k , l J ~ t e r f ~ r r l , c ? r p e n t e r , 1825

Gollwzy,Sir Geoffrcy,Co.~imcrick~br!ronet~l636

G ~ l w ~ y , Laurence ,Youghnl, 1'302

Gnlwey, J7mes ,'id? t e r f orcl , cnbine t mciker, 1G22

Galwey, J?mt=s, W? t a r f ,,r-.l,merch-:nt, lr331

Galwey, I)? trick,Wq t e r f ~ r ~ ' L , m ~ r c h ~ n t , 1322 (admon)

Gnmble, G e ~ r m , Cullen*-,gh, gcn t 1200

Gcmble,Ge )rTe, C u l l i n ~ ~ ; h , f ~ r m e r , l 015

Geul,Rich?rd,ld? t e r f 3r3, cooper, 1797 (admon)

G e ~ l e , Feter ,WoterforZ, s ~ ~ d d l c r 9 1 t 3 3 2 ( ~ c h o n )

Ger);rqhe, S i r J z m s , Filmnn,?hrin9 l62:3

Gemldine ,Rich-rc2,p,snt9 1633

TESTATOR . .

Gibbons, P~ter ,Tdnterf :>r3.,merchmnt , 1C3I3 671

Gl-sheen,Pctrick,l040 681

Goff, M3urice9 P~rkswooil, 1805 409

~of,f, F~tric!c,l:~. t~rf cr.! ,vintner, 1901 451 (G~ing : see L~n,~;lsy, Elizabeth)

643

Gr~nt, Robert,hf~terf 3rd ,butchcr,l627

Green,ldilli~ln,Dun<arv~n9 1S3.7 (admon)

Greene,Fr~nces,l~l~terf 3rd, 1 ? 2 $

Greene,John,Dun~rlrvpn,surveyor ~f prt91911

Greene, L e t i t i n , I ~ ! o t ~ r f ~ r d 9 w i d ~ b . ~ , 1313

Griffith,M~ry,Killc~;r~n~Co~Tir,~~1796

Guiry,Honor,Gr?igrush,spinster91330 (7dmon)

Guiry, John, Clo~hcen,yecmnn,1729 (3chon)

Guiry, John, Coolc~muck~ ft1rlner , 1309 Guiry,Mich~el,Coslcormuck,f~rmer,1~10

H~ckett, Jgmes, Esgirr, Co0Kilke , pnt, 1660 Rackett, Peter, Co~~lhcneine, CoOTiy~* ,~~nt,l791

Hsgherin,Dnvid, Flqhens ,1666

Hngherin, Jeffe~y,C.:llyp~ilijj,f;clrmer,171.0

Hagherin,John,Brenrn91720

H~~herin,Maurice9~nIlyphilip91690

Hagherin, F~trick, Cqrrick, l716

Ihgherin, Thom?s, Smo x?umgrc,, 1756

(Hqhnsy: see H3ys9Jahn)

Hcaherin,D~vi?, Cnrric1c9Sha1:kecper91722

Hollornn, Edmonc'i, Ch?mberlqinst ;wn,pnr. Cshir,f qrmer, 1836 (ndnon)

Hallorrn,Thom~s,Ch~mb~rl.~instown,p~-r.C~hir,f~rmer, 1336 (?&non)

Haly, Jqmes, Csshe1,merchpnt , 1634 (Hqmill : see ~inton,Alice )

H?milton, M11c ~lme, i,rchhish~n of C-shG1, 1629

Han~ g m , Edmon:!, C 3rr m ~ h n r notlry , f ~~rmer, 1927

Hznberry,John,Clonmcl,innke8per91796 (cdmon)

H~nly, Mich.el , Iloorst ,wnkirk, C3. Tip. ,fp:rmer9 133I' Hsnrah9n9 Cornelius, Lmqh Rifin, Ca. Tip., 1310

Hanrnhan, Etkond, Clonmell, victuu~llcr, ll?O1-

TESTATOR

Hmdum, J~ne, 7nTn terf ord, 1303 k l Harpole, William, Queen ts CO,, esquire, l662

Hamis, Thomss,Wnterford,merchmt, 1000

Hartry,Rev.lnrilliorn, Clonea ,R.C.priest,la40 (admon)

as sett, ~enis ,~ilclune~,former, 1840 (odmon)

Hayden,Williem,Clonmel,tnnner,lSl9 (admon)

Heyes,I:ndrew, Str~iibr lly,l937

Hayes,EGmcnrl,Tourgnr,fnrmer,1037 (admon)

Hayes,PIich~el,Kilbride, 1841

Hayes,Nichol~s, Rnllybrennock,f armer, 1827 (ndmon)

Hayes, Pierce, Three Mile Bridge,farmer,183Lr

Hays nls Hshr!sy, John, Clonmel, l815

Hayward, Edwn?d,Grringe & B~llymclclode Cnstle,gent ,1627

(Homey: see Csrew,Mgrgnret )

Hearn,Arthur, Dungnrvnn,gent, 1795

Hearn,John,Tubrid,Co.Tip.,pnrish priest,lOOg

Hex?n,Lflwrence,Wnterf ord,merchant,1793

Heern, Fatrick,Ballym~c8w,f ?1rmer,l791 (admon)

Hearn, Thomas,W?terf ord,cordwniner,lS07 (ndmon)

Henrn,Rev.Thomns,Trinity,pnrish priest,1310

Heorn,Timothy, Crooke,parish priest, 1812 (admon)

Hearn, W3lter,ld~-terf 3rd, 1746

Heffernen, Dennis, Derrygr?th, Co. Tip, ,f grmer, 1813

Hely,krillinm,Gorr,?ne, 1810

Heneberry, John, Killowen, 1331

Heneberry, Fatrick,Ahnny, Co. Tip, ,farmer, 1839 (ndmon)

Henebry,Richnrd, Mount Bolton & Killowen, l831

Hennessy,Catherine,~JaterforctBspinster,1'313

Hickey,Elizabeth,W~tsrford,spinstarB1015

Hickey,Rev. James ,Ardf innn,parish, p~iest,1900 - ~

Hickey,Rev.John,Strndbally,p~rish prYest,1800

Hickcy,Martin, Loughdahem,f armer,1009 (admon)

Hickey, Thom~s,M.-~rlhill,farmer,l@lO

Hilan, Jnnes, Lisfunchim,Co.Tip., 1793

Hill,Annq, lXlblin,widm, 1634

' in ton, als H~mlll,Alice,Waterf ord,wid.aw, 1820 Hockines,Vincent,Co.Tipper~ry,clerk,16~2

~ o r e , ~ i c h s e l , h g a r v a n , m e r c h n n t , 1 5 9 1

l ' Hore,Walter,Waterf ord,merchnnt, l636

TESTATOR

HorsK~m~Jsmes,Le~~h9f~rmer,1771 (qdmon)

Hownrcl, Jrinss, St. J?hn Newf o~mdl.~nd, l:l te of C9rrick-on-Suir, 1014.

Hurley, J o h n , W a t e r f ~ ~ r J , m ? r i n e r , 1318

Hurley, Thom:;s,Strndb:-\lly,,n,ent, 1323 ,. ..

Hushrlm,R~_~bert,Dungarvr,n,qent, 1314 (sdrnon)

~ u s s e ~ , ~nrnes~~mnrmorc, ~o.~outh,~riest,ld36

Hussey, Thom~s, Rishop of W? terror 1,1303

~utchinson, John,Wg terf or:l, 1794 . .

Jameson, Jgne, LXmg~rvm, 1814

. . . .

Jephson,Deme ~nry,wihow,l655

Johnston,Grnce,D~wneen,1797

Jones,Mich:,el,Lt.Gen.of the Hors$,166C1

J O ~ ~ P ~ trick, Temploiverick, 13bo&er, 1 ~ 3 3 (admon) .' '

Julim~James, Clonmsl, cn:!chmeker, h 3 3 ' (admon )

Knutzmsn, . . John9hl~terford,gent,1000 (,adman) ! . .

Kenne, Patrick, Cr~bfilly,l2 te of Vnn Diemen 'S. Lan.!,. . . lC35 (~dmon)

~enrney, Edmond, Kilma11.~~1~,merchant l634

Kea.rney,Fleming,,Cnptain 19th Re:;t.,b~chelor,l797 (adrnon)

Kearney, Henrysmidshipm3n, H a E:. , 1302' (2drnc;n ) Kearney,M~ry,B?llypore6ns1Y13

Kearney, Pa trick Fitz F7ulS Coshel, burpss , 1633

~esting, ' Jcmes, b~',clterf~r;!, ent, l807 . -

~entini, Jeffr:ry,Cahir, Parish priest,1791

Ke3ting9 Jeff~ry,Crohm, Ca. Tip. ,farmbr,l7 (ndmon)

Ken tine als Conn311y9 Joh?nn?, Cl5nmelS1!327 (gdmon)

Xenting, John,Ri~hnrdstown,Co.Tip~~L763 . . . . .

ken tin^, John,C.hir, l!330 . . . ,

Kenting, Mich~el, Cnrrick-on-Suir & Newf oundl:~nd,.1002 (admon ) 464

Kefl.tinz,Rev.Michnel, Cnhir,~lrish priast, . . l309 . . r . ,-. . , , . 509 ., \

Keatin~,P?trick,Clo~heen,1820 %.. . . . , 576,

Kenting:,J:Kich?rd, C?.rrigeen, plr. Tubri?,f-.rmr, l333(admon) 674 , . . - , .

Xeatinq,Th~m?s,Ballin~gr~.n?. per .$ayrick, . . . f ermer, l810 (admon) 522

K e a t i n q , R e v . W i l l i : - ~ r n , P , n l l y ~ ~ ) ~ . ~ i l i ~ . . . of 1Xmhi11, 1832 640 Keating,Willism, Loaughloher,Co. Tip. ,fsrmor l (ndmm)

.. . 686

PAGE

543

627

655

568

569

546

57

473

37 9 551

336

72

398

93

672

647 1509 442

549

653

45

404' 465

53s

44 601

500

'356

412

615

17 2 628

TZSTATOR PAGE

K e c ~ t i n g e ~ F r e ~ e r i c k , Wnterf ~ d ~ m e r c h n n t , l 3 (admon) . , 590

Kenttinq,John,Gurteen,1679 94

Ke.ef - -.- ,Mich:,el, TJfullogh,Co. Tip. ,f:~rmerSlC30l .. - 452 Keef ,Phllip,Ki~rn~cthom~ssh~tter,l793 ( ~ d m m ) 413

Xeily,1~rthur,Cun~~rvnn,r,uctioneer,1021 (sdmon) 103 9

580 KeilysJohn,~nllcnf~nshoge,f~rmer,l7~O (zdmon) 2.8 l

Keily, P a t r i c k , Dungnr7~m,map55nerP 1003 (ndmon)

Keilg, Thom?s, Knocklqher, 1 3 t a of Bombny, l700 (ndmon)

Keily, Thomas,Derrgpmk9 CoOTip. , Sergeant 9 9 t h Regt. of 523 Foot , l010

Keily, V i l l i e r s , fo rmer ly of Cnp 'loquin, l a t e of Grcnnda, 383 West Ind ie s , b?che lo r , l794 (zdmon)

Kelly, Dnniel , Carrickbeg, C o O f ? ~ s c .,gent, l660 82 Kefly, James , la te of Newfcundl?nd,ncw of Wzterford, l220 618

Kelly,John,Clonmel,breeches mzker,1304 (ndmon) 480

Kennetly, J ~ m e s , Shnrib?11yp~o19 pal2. Shanrshnn, f ,o,rmor, 1305 493 (3drnon)

Kennedy, Jnmes, C?rr ick-on-Suir , p n t . clerk, . 1327 (?&on) 610

ICennedy, Jo l -m, I~~h i t e s town ,a squ i~e , 1792 361

Kennedy, John, Co;;lhnugh, 1810 515

I~ennedy,Mnry,Whitestt,wn, s p i n s t e r , 1797 (adman)

Kennedy,Mich~el, Ca~riclr-on-.Suir,public~n, 1310

Kennedy, Michnel s e n i m , l3.rllydnvic1, gent , 1830 ( ~ d m o n )

Kennedy, Thomas, Dungs~rv?n, gen t , 1302

Kennedy,Will i~m, Garri.ck, innholder , 1825,1!1,31

(Kennedy : see Power, ; Su l l i vnn , C3ther ine )

Kennelly,Bnrth~l~mewPC1o~he~n9CoOTip.,merch~nt,l~C~

ICennelly,Laurence,Kilcornm~nmore,Co.Tip.,f~rmer ((c woodrmqer, 414 1795 (admon)

Kennelly,Richnr4, Bnllynahymore, p a r . Car r ick , l804 (sdmon) 477

(Kenney: seo Coughlzn,Mcry)

(Kenown: see Congreva,Pcter)

Kerivan,Patrick,Asht~wn,18:!2

Ket t l ewe l l , Georgimnt:, I!~mmcndville n e r r Tr2more, s p i n s t e r , 662

1836.

Kiely, P n t r i c k , mlgsrvqn, mnriner , l 801

Kiely, P n t r i c k , CLonme! , 3 W25

Kiely, Rog6r, P i l t n n k i n , p r r . Templetenny, 1830

-5 2-

TESTATOR

Ki l rmr t in , Thomss, I fncck torn~y , f3rmar9 l3.$1

Xirwan,flnd.rebr, Cumniesn, fnrmar , 1915

~ i r w q n , Rndrew, Gr2igqv?11? , fq rmer , l?32 ( q c l m m ) ,

Knipe , Thom~s , Ke? l a s h , gen t , 1660 .

PAGE -- 686

559

674 79

(To be Continued)

h -53-

T H E YOUFG! IRELAND WOiTETIEXJT , I N WATERFORD, 1848 - ' -

(PC&-11) - . I .

b y Georgina ~lynq,'

- ,

The Insurr ,gc t i :m :

On Sundqy, J u l y 27rd a m n j o r meeting wr7s he ld on t o p of S l i e v e Ns Nb2n. The members of' t he John Ni tchePl c lub m d t h e Hugh OlfiJeill c l u b formed a p roces s ion of 700 qnd mqrched through t h e s t r e e t s o u t s i d e t h e town. According t o ,I r e p o r t g iven t o .< t h e Wsterf ord Chronic le many e x t e n s i v e i s t ~ b l i s h m e n t s i n C ~ r r i c k d i s con t inued work t o be pcesen t ? t t h e meeting. The s i g n i f i c a n t a s p e c t of t h e meeting was t h e speech g iven by T . F . ~ e ? g h e r i n which he c ~ l l e d t h e count ry t o qrms. It w ~ s npp9rent t h s t people i n ?lrnost eve ry d i s t r i c t h9d f l u n g qwny t h e pesce p o l i c y and 'were determined t o t r y t h e i r s t r e n g t h krith t he government.

But though tha g e n e r a l t r e n d w q s towsrds s c t t i n g up c lub$, t he members of one p q r t i c u l v town i n County W ~ t e r f o r d wzre n o t iri fqvour of p h y s i c a l f o r c e g c t i o n . A t t c a p t s were mqde t o e s t c lb l i sh 3 c l u b i n Dungsrv:m. This nt te l ; ip t f o r tQe most p a r t f a i l e d , The m e r c h ~ n t s ~ s h o p k e e p e r s 2nd g r e q t e r p ? r t of t r a d e s - men r e f u s e d t o h2ve nnything t o do ' w i t h i t . This . n t t i t u d s , was s i g n i f i c m t i n t h p t i t showed t h q t t h e d o c t r i n e of physic5I"--- ' f o r c e hqd n o t found r o o t i n Dungarvm, the,members of which were p r e p w e d t o remain s t e n d f z s t i n t h z p r i n c i p l e s of Dznie l OIConnell.

J u l y 26 th w::s t h e d ~ t e 32pointed f o r t h e r c - g i s t e r i n g of g r m s ' f o r t h e E ~ r o n y of Decies w i t h m t Drum. The s i g n i f i c r n c e of t h i s even t i s found i n t h e c l ~ ~ s s e s of people who come t a r e g i s t e r f o r pos se s s ion of arms, It g i v c s ? c l e q r p i c t u r e of t h e people who wished t o suppor t t h e ~ o v e r n m c n t wi th t h e i r sePvices i f and when qn i n s u r r e c t i o n brokc ou t throughout t h e count ry . There wgs n h i g h e r number thqn exp:,cted who r p p l i e d f o r r e g i s t e r i n g of qrms. The c ~ p p l i c r n t s c o n s i s t e d c h i e f l y of fc rmers p r i n c i p n l l y of t h e middle c l n s s e s ~ n d trqdesmen. A l l t hose t h ~ t l i c e n s e s wcrc g rnn ted t o wem t o l d by t h e m ? q i s t r a t a t h ~ t t h e 3 were "liclblo' t o be c-,kled unon by the g o v e r n m ~ n t ~ i f s n e c e s s i t y would o r i s e f o r t h e i r s e r v i c o s , t o mflintqin t he perco iznd l z w s . of t h e i r coun t ry md thereby p r o t e c t t h c i r own p r o p c r t i e s " 1 Many w e r e refused t h e r i g h t t o r e g i s t e r a r m s including E d w r r d - Lonergon f o r r e n t i n g t h e W2tion newspypcr and Chr i s tophe r OIBrien who hod endcclvoured t o s e t up 2 c lub i n Dmgarvm.

A s r eg3rds Ehg l i sh o ~ i n i o n s of t h + j stq. tc i n I r e l q n d ? t t h 2 t time9 i t i s obvious t h 9 t mpny people of' I r i sh o r i g i n were i n suppor t of t he Young I r e l - n d mov2nent . l Thess people wore p q r t i c u l q r l y w e l l informzd ?bout even t s which were occu r r ing i n I re lznd . "The, l 2 w jQst pqsscd which e m b l e s t h c Lord L i c u t e m n t t o ,

depr ive of l i b e r t g , t o consign t c a dungcon,?nyone who dnres t o t h i n k t h r t I r ? l ? n d s h q l l be f r c c i s ono which must c r e q t e i n t he mind of 2ny t r u e mqn d ~ t e r m i n e d fct2l inx a f h ~ t e f o r t h c B r i t i s h K i s ru l c " .2 Moetin,gs were h e l d f r e q u e n t l y i n London and con fede r? t e c lubs were bein,g f o r i c d . A t Manchcstkr 2nd Londan t h e s9me 2 c t i v i t y w n s occu r r ing . Two d iv i s ' i ons of t h e I r i s h Rri'gnde which c o h s i s t e d of 300 men were on t h ~ i r w9y from New York t o Liverpool . Thcsc men wcrc w e l l d ~ i l l c d 2nd providsd w i th arms and t w ~ months pzy m d t h e i r pqssqge t o I r e l ~ n d w ~ s s l s o

. ~ c c o u n t e d f o r . I n sll , 5000 non were p repnrsd t o come from J3nglnnd snd g ive h e l p and g u i d m c o . 3

By t h e lqst week of J u l y t h , governmont h l ~ d s t n t nowcl,rul f o rccs 'of ' i 'nfontry-- t5 the 5 r c . l ~ whcre t h c urgc!-t6 c6mB"out '*?rid f i y h t w 9 ? s s t r l .ns an? w h c r ~ th, ~ t ~ o s p h e r e wns t c n s e . In C u r i c k - on- S u i r , f o r exnmplz,th:, t o m w?s crowdcd w i t h s ~ l d i c r s - t h r e e ~ G U S B S and tha Tsrnperqnce Ha11 wEre occupil=:l wi th thcm. In t h c town of Clonmel ther;: W-re llthoust,ncis of Rcd Coqtstt4-2nd one . r e p o r t m t n t i m e d t h z fq-ct t h q t i t wqs i m p o s s i b l ~ t a s l e c q 7 t

n i g h t from th2 heqvy trqmping of p q t r o l s of h o r s z , i n f q n t r y <lnd p o l i c e . The i n f - n t r y were i n f ? c t very r .c t ivz . 79. Joncs, t he r e s i d e n t m n y i s t r 1 t e f o r Crrr ick-on-Suir ,wi th t he . id ~f 500 t r o o p s , ? l ~ n t e d cmnon on t h t b r i d ~ c . Thby c n t ~ r c d this v i l l q g a of C ~ r r i c k C s g , c o ~ m c n c ~ ~ d ? saqrch f o r ?rms qnd succecdcd i n cnp tu r inq t h i r t y p ike hnndlos w d two p ikes . ' They 9l'so'-S9dirchod t h e wnrchouse of Ekssrs C l e l r y ?nd Hig>;ins qnd t ~ o 4 from them ?l1 t h e rrms ~ n d ~ m m u n i t i m which t h y h2d f o r s q l o qnd depos i t ed them i n t he b a r r - c k s .

I n ll?.terf~r:! Ci ty t h c sqm, - c t i v i t y w>s i n i t i ~ t c d by t h e C3nst-bul l ry who wcre w e l l number~6 nnd we11 informe-! by d i r e c t i n s t r u c t i o n s from Dublin C ~ s t l ? > on wh-t thl2y should do. During t h e l i s t week of J u l y Inspt ,c tor Gunn,?ccompnnied by t roops qn? ? r t i l l e r y , m ~ r i n : s , r ~ y ~ l f u s i l i o r s , p o l i c c . ?nd s ; x c i ~ ~ l c m s t q b u l n r y , ~ b o u t 700 i n ? l l , p r o c ~ e d c d i n p 2 r t i e s t o c l i f fc rcn t p ? r t s of t h s c i t y . Thc principal nreqs of r i t tack were t h c Chronicle o f f i c e , Nr. T y r c l l Is , mqny fimmunitim suppliers 1

prcmises 2nd thi3 whole of t h e R q l l y b r i c ~ e n a r e 2 i n g e n e r ~ l . I n ?dc?it ion t h c E ~ l l y b r i c k c n Fclon Club w n s d i s s o l v ~ d by the unmimous consent ~f thc: m,i;lb~rs, i n consequGncc of t h e government p r o c l n m ~ t i o n f o r t h ~ i r suppress ion . Thd mc2p.sures tckcn by t h e sovernmont werc? prc;ving most 1:ffectivc: i n h'oterford ?nd t h i s cnn be s c i n by t h ~ ra7dy d i s s o l u t i o n of c lubs i n tha d i s t r i c t of V n t ~ r f o r d ,

I n an 1.ccoun-t by John OfMqhony durin;: t h e n u t w of t h r 3 t yea r , a clo:r p i c t u r f . is .given of ~ 1 1 the even t s t h p t occurred i n t he v q l l e y of t h e S u i r du r ing th.t per iod . Thz be,yinning of thc! i n s u r r e c t i o n was mtrrker! by t h c s u s p m s i o n of t h e IIcbeo,s Corpus Act. In respons; t 3 t h i s , N i l l i n m Smith OfBrien m d t h e l e a d e r s of t he Ycung Irc lnncl rnovernzizt h o l ~ ? q meeting i n the house of Dr.Purcell,who w?s R resident of Ccrrick-on-Suir. me membors of t h e C s r r i c k Centr.1 Ronrd xerc p r3sen t 2nd those members r e p r e s s n t a d a11 thz c lubs i n t h ~ d i s t r i c t s ~f County Vate r ford . It wis n common ap in ion 2mong them t h ? t Smith OfBrien should l e ~ v e the town n l t o g e t h e r . Th2 m~mbcrs of thd Ce-ntrql Ro7rd wished t o know why 0 1 3 r i z n h.5 chljscn Cwrick-on-Suir I S t h e c e n t r n l nrcc f r 2 m which 7 1 1 ~ c t i v i t y wml",sprin2. OIBricn c h x c Cq.rrick b e c m s e i t w n s t h e unmimaus d e c i s i m ~f t h ~ lu-fiors of Young I r e l m d q n l t he p e ~ l ~ 1 , : wer; f u l l y m g ~ n i s ~ 1 , - r m c d 2nd prcpqred t h c r o . 3e q l s o ex31nined t h n t hc did n o t wish t o enp7gc Cqrr ick i n 2 single-hnnded b T t t l c r g c i n s t Englqnd r g t h c r "hz v m t c d from thsm 2 body of youn3 men q r m d w i t h guns i n d w e l l ixovided wi th ammunition m3 h ~ v i n ~ ; s u f f i c i 2 n t rn,-Ons of s c l f s q p o r t t o guqrd him and h i s cnmpnnions whi lb t hey wGre r ~ i s i n q t h c colmtryw5 The consequences of t h i s meetin? w m ~ disay.point ing on a two f o l d b ~ s i s . It i s npp:rcnt t h ~ t Yzunry I r c 1 . ~ n 8 I , suppor t2 r s were n o t p rspored mentq l lg t o f ~ c e ? n i n s u r r e c t i o n . , % ~ y not t h c conf idence t 3 f c L l socqre i n wh2t they wcr f , .bout t 3 do. I n compnr i sm w i t h ' t h ~ govemmbnt t hey werL ill prepwecl. I n a d d i t i o n Smith O'Rricn kncw t h q t t h e lenders of t he c lubs werc beginning t o sway i n t l x oppos i t e 3 i r G c t i o n t o thc l e ~ d ~ r s of Young I r e lnn? . The mecting wls cmc ludod on the no te t h z t p 1 1

f o r c e s wcrc t3 be brought t l2gcthir f o r t h c p o t a c t i n n of t h e l e n d e r s of Young I r c lqnd . Hcwcvdr t hcse l i g d a r s dzci32d l ~ t c r t h n t they w m l d l e ~ v c thd t7wn of C~r r i ck -on -Su i r . John OfMzhony

wzs n o t informed of t h i s u n t i l 1 7 t c i n t h c evening,by which time he h73 orgqniscd n mocting of' 400 xembcrs f o r thc p u r p o s ~ of p r d x c t i n g Smith OIBrien . Thc? fc lc t t h p t t h t l *qde r s h + ~ d n o t informozl 7 1 1 members 3f whqt w?s h-ppcning showed ? lqck of p r o f c s s i o n r l i s m on t h 2 i r p c r t .

Thc o r i g i n a l p l m f o r 2cti::n w;?s r e f r ~ i n from riny o u t b r o ~ ~ k of i n s u r r e c t i o n u n t i l thc h ~ r v e s t w?s r i p . This ~ 2 v o l ande r s 2nd the pcar,l; two wecks t o p r c p m c . The fo l l owing day T.F.Meagher v i s i t s d t h e hame of John OlPIahony. He sxyl .? ined t h n t he wps going t 3 :fi!r:tsrford t o o rq?n i so h i s c lub nf n thousm!3 men t o j o in wi th Smith 0 fBriiin i n Cc!shal. It w q s a t t h i s . atnga . thnt- the . .p lan of rlction begnn t o bl.ckf in:. Fr,.)m l)r, 0 f R y m p Mahony l e ~ r n e d th.qt he and Rsv.Ryrnc thought t h e wholo movemcnt t o be prem2turc. Rev.Byrne W ? S quoted 7s h?v ing s n i d t h ? t h~ wauld h3ve no th ing f u r t h e r t o do wi th Ycung 1relr:nci. Thc c l e r g y wore of t h e opinion t h ~ t rn i n s u r r e c t i m should ba r ~ u t o f f q t l e n s t f o r t n i g h t u n t i l t h ? h r r v e s t r i w n 4 . It w?s L-:vident hcwevar, -- t b a t this could 1c:;i t . 2 7 non-ex is tdn t i n s u r r e c t i o n .

T.F. Nccqher r c tur'ned f r o n Wqtarf 3r? wi th d i sqppo in t ing news. On r o ? c h i n s Wfitorf:~rd ha h-d s o n t f o r thc chief m n of t h ~ c lub 9nd Rev. T r ~ c y . i%?ghcr nskcd whether t hese mcn were w i l l i n p t o mmch w i t h him irnrnedi?taly o r n o t . Thc men t ~ l c l him they w x l d bc unrb le t o suppor t .him wi thout %v. Tr3cy1s c x m o n t . Rdv.Trocy hc?d been t h e c h i s f c d v i s ~ r gf t hc c lubs ir, ' . $ ~ t ~ r f a r d .rind he h?d givsn t h ~ s p e c i f i c i n s t r u c t i o n s n o t t o partqkc- i n any a . c t i v i t i e s . It eppenrs th0.t t h e h i e r n r c h g h?d g ivcn i n s t r u c t i o n s t o t h e ' p r i e s t s n o t t o n.dh~re t o th:: p rosen t p o l i c y of Young 1ro'l.?nd ?.nd t o a ~ v i s r ; t h e peoplf: tii do l i k c w i s s . It w z s wise of t ho govcrnment t o use t h s h c ~ r l s of t h c church t o b r s2k up t h e orqc!nisotirm by mcRns of t'noso m m who h2ci c o n t r i b u t e d much i n s p r e ~ d i n g i t 2nd who h;d, i n doing s.3,gcinod the e n t i r e confi6,ence of tho f i g h t i n , ? .., p a r t i o n of t h s people . ' Even i n C,nLrrickg Fr.Byrne h:?d boen fokbidiicn by h i s s u p e r i o r t o mcddle f u r t h e r i n t h e nff 7 i r s 3f Y a m ? I r s l v x d . . I n - Yull.in.?hona., ..L -.-..--... ; Fr.Morriss.ey P. P. m d h i s cu rd l t e Fr . C ~ ~ m s r f ~ r c l , h ; ~ r l been f ram housc t o house th rough ,mt t he 2 y r i s h n.nd h ~ d i n s t r u c t e d t h e peopla n o t t o s t i r wi thout t h e i r s p a c i f i c ord.crs, f ? n y .cf tha p r i e s t s were i n s t r u c t e d t o t 2 1 1 t h e people t h 3 t thcy would s t i l l l e ? d thsm i f mc? when t h e oppor tun i ty a r a s e . Howevc;r h?.:: t h e p r i ~ s t s t o l d the peoyle t o g ivc up t h e id;:? s f f i g h t i n ? - n l t o p t h o r tht? p o ~ n l c would no t , h:?ve b e l i e v e d i t bec:;usep i n mm2st ? i s t r i c t s g t h e c l e r g y wore the; mzn who h?d f i r s t t ~ l c ' . t h a i r f l ~ c k s t.1 arm and o r g m i s c ' . Some hnd t o l d them s x p l i c i t l y ?nc i 'o thers h7d l a d them t o b e l i e v e t h q t they woule thernselvos l e a d them.

Thc ccmsequmcss i;f t h i s chnngi: i n o t t i t u d e on tha p a r t of the c l e r g y were c r u c i q l . Tverywhere t he dcm-n?. f w t h c f o r t n i g h t d c l ~ y wns spoken of 2s s v i t 2 l n e c e s s i t y . Though t h i s new p lon emmn.tca. f r ~ j m t h ~ r r e v o l u t i m ~ . r y p r i 2 s t s g it wq.s 3 l s o token u p . an13 c i i l i ~ e n t l y propsrcd by t h s s o who hc l d t,:, thc; peacefu l m? loy.21 p r i n c i p l a s 3f Old I re lnn,? .

The Rio t af h l l i n g n r r y m?y be tcrrnud t h s clim2x cf t ha i n s u r r e c t i o n ?.ncl though i t w q s thb hi.qh p o i n t of t h c r a v a l u t i o n i t w q s e v i ? e n t fram thi: o u t s e t t h n t fn.ilurt3 w?s imminant. It i s necesscry t o cmphnsisc t h c stringent me-:sures tnken by t h e ~ovcrnment : t ~ s u p p o r t H g b o ~ Corpus m d evon moro c ruc i r t l , thn t a s p e c i q l wnrrgnt; W P S issued t:.i ' i7rros t Smith OfE7rien. The importmcc l i s s i n t h c f c c t t h 2 t t he p r e ~ r z n p d p l m d i d n o t take i n t o c o n s i d c r ? t i m thG chance' t h z t t h ~ s o miyht h?vi> occurred. 2nd th r l . tg i f sl;, tho consaqucnca f o r e c d t o push f oryq.rd the whole p l m of a c t i m * It showec? ? . s t r m g c lqck of foresight i n t he f9ce of u i a i l m t nnd detdrmincc! group.

, .

O n S n turdny, Ju ly 29th , T. F. Msqghur D i l l on a r r i v e ? i n Cnrrick-on-Suir. Th?t oven in^ f o r t y - ~ o l i c e r n o n undcr Sub-Inspectar Cox rehchcd thc2 v i l l ~ k i 3 wi th t he i n t d n t i m of o r r e s t i n g hi. Smith 0 f B r i s n . - H e becqma Ywwe of tho s p e c i f i c i n t . i ; n t i > n , o f . t h e p o l i c e qnd p r e y ~ r e d t o mczt them. Both p::rtiss met m t s i d e Enl l inc<r~r ry . Fir. 0 f 3 r i c n f s group c ~ m s i s t c d of f i vc hundred mon, nrine-d.. w3th p ikcs sn:l i n c l u r i ~ d twenty men -rrnoil w i th guns gnil p i s t 3 1 s . Th8 $o1::C0 r ; t r r ?? . t i d t.1 TIrs .NcCormwkfs h3usi:. Mr. 0f.Brieri . pr.?ceer,c!:! t~ t h e hr?usi. ~ n d dcrn?l~lod :; s u r r e n d e r of 2rrns. This t\r?s r ~ f u s e ' l . Acci;rding ti; 2 ri:g;;rt s i v o n i n t ho Wrl~nterfor4 C h r m i c l c Yr. 0 'Brien fire.-l . s h a t s i n t ~ t h c housc:: The Bngng- s c , lr I ns tcd cm hour , t hc p o l i c c h"vinr.5 f i r c i l f o r t y . ,

t h r e e ro'mlJ.s '3f ~rnrnunitim?. Reve~C4r.Corcor-n i n t a r v o n ~ c i .,:m: b , ~ t h groups w b r s dissu,1.3e(! from f u r t h e r ? t t ? c k i It wcs r e p ~ r t e r l ; t h z t . threc. pb'opls.' warc; t n k m nwny ~ n . 3 7. numbc.r .,3f pco;-.l:? wore . : i n ju rzd . Thc: p o l i c c ' on t h e i r r e t u r n from Bn. l l : ing7.r ry8to C?.shsl, were 3gadn q t t ? c k e i ! b y ? body 'bf peo;:le.. With raqyrcri t o Smith O,fBricn,. orily~'Tcrenc6 McNmus 2nd J v m s S t e ? h ~ n s remaincd wi th him. ;Dil lon hc.lcc?,; f 0.r' 'Athlone 2nd nttornptecl 1. r i s i ng t h e r e whi lc PIehgher r ,. . :

himse l f wcnt b ~ c k t o Czfrick-on-Suir w i th Leym, OfPhhony 2nd O'Donsghue. OfRricn remnine:l i n hit'in.? f o r n wcsk .before . . s e t t i n g ou t bolC1y f o r h i s Swn county Limerick. .,.

On August, l s t , M c o h i r qn.1 Lo-pc wi th C-mtwell :rng:l 01 Donoghue m?. b ~ c ~ n n u s nrrivGi?, ?t. the p q r i s h of Clonul ty r?nd:. went up t h e mount?.ins ? . r~un ; l Kaoper : K i l l . They Qere c o r n e s t l y cdvisecI' t o ~b'indc7n 7 ~ ~ P S ~ C S S ~ f f o r t iml.1 f l c o from ..Irel: .n.l ,but. , '

Me?.ghsr' i s r epo r t ' s3 ,tr: h3vs r d p l i e ? I an::! my f r i o n 9 s h?ve. , mode . t h e axperimcnt. h/e h~~v; ; ' fowr! thzit th,: p e p l e n r a nob up t 3 thc mnrk m:! 'frc ,m t h i s ?-?ny f orw?.r.E nn.1' f'sr t h a t . very reason we c v r y n o qbms. w i t h u s . .' !dnrne1 of imp~n- l inz p o l i c c a c t i o n , ~ c a , i h c r an6 L2ync qn:': OfDonaghuc st1rte.2. ou t by n i i ~ h t f o r Thurles but' were s ,mn c5ught by .G p o l i c ~ p n t r ~ l nn.2 a r r e s t a i l .

, ~ . ': .. . ' I

ATTITUDES TOWARDS TIlE YOT;N!3 IRELli?J:DZRS . . .. . . . . . . , ' . l : . .

Tht3 sturly on th& cvonts %n lilltcrf or? du r ing 1843 b r i n g s t o l i g h t t h 3 - t c e r t 2 i n s eck i sns 3f t h e comrr~unity i n W,t.erf.or,d n l igncd thernselvcs i n t ' , ~ grsups nn.Yhbl? s 7 e c i f i c ?t t iCu;les towar& tfYomg , Irel-.ni?ll -m2 ' ' i t s ? c t i v i t i e s , . In t h i s group.ing of c d r t ~ i n s c a t o r s of the' cmmunity , ' t h e succcss o r f a i l u r e . of Young I r e l n n ? w 2 s {-2ctcrminc';3. Even 7s s m l y : 9s Fobru,lry,with the rldvent 3 f 1848 e 1 a c t i . m i n V~terfdr:":city, pe3.r le bagrm t o ~ d o p t cittituc!cS 'tow=rl"Ls t h " grQup. Tha cler:;y.,in Nntsrforc! . .

e p p ~ n r & ~ l t o b&uni$s.? i n their stnn3in;g .iri Apri.1 when they h e l d 2 mest ing 2ncL ?.cci.tc.-?. t . 2 stn.nci w i t h : thi: ~ m u l t i t u d c . o f I r i s h , , .

people gnc? givo f o r t h w i t h t h e i r s t r m g sup,r;nrt. But by ~ e p t e m b e r , t h e i r . s t F i n d ' f s e l i n g s were pu t t:i~ the b ~ s t . : ~ n . l t h e

. . , . c l e r g y wcr i ' f o r ccL3 . ' , t o withdr.qw t h e i r sup imr t . Hcre 7 , .

d e t r i m e n t h l ch?nge. i n . ? t t i t u : l c s c2.n' br, clotects2 ?nil. i t proved f n t s l t o Young Ir61-in;:" n.nd i t s ' p l n n . . ::;2terfoml h??. 2 s t r o n g grcmp of m n n u f ~ c t u r c r s nn:: t r ? d o r s , mq.ny s f whom w r c j u s t i c e s of t ha pence nnd t h e s e mei? romi ine4 l o y a l . t:> th(; crqwn. . Thosc wh.= supportcA Y w g Irel?n!l. wcrc; fsr th.5 most p 3 r t workins clr lss

' .,. , men , of unempl.,yo/-'L . . S t c t o . ' ' ' . .

. . . ,

, , . , . .

In $xnrnining n t t i t u ? o s to.-r?.s Youn~; Irel.n-: i t is '

o g s e n t i ' ? l t h y t c h i c f irnportnnc:: i s n t t r c h c ? t o t h i f o e l i n g s of the: c l o r g y of W? t b r f clrd.' Thi; p r i c s t s s f t h e ~ 'L i f f e r en t p q r i s h ~ s holll s ?omin<nt' inf luoncb .3vcr. t h e i r f lock: I n , f ?c- t t h c peaplc w i t h i n eqch p n r i s h 103ki..Vto the p r i c s t f z r 1c:i. qe r sh ip . They s c u ~ h t gui,:!nncr: 2nd d i r o c t i a n i n so f n r i ?S the: p r i e s t W ? $ - w i l ; l l n ~ t o g ivc . In tl1" C ~ G .3f ..Rev. P ~ t r i c k ' B y r n ~ , p a r i s h . .

s r i o s t' of Lismore, hi: wns wi l l - i ng .en. b ~ h y 1 . f 9 f t h ~ . c-lcrqy of :

Waterfor4 t o express h i s f o ~ l i n [ : s ~ s fo l lc~ws - fCThc ;-!ric:s t s ,>f Ir~xl,nn 2 . ) r z ALctzrmini 1 t c stqn13 by m-: wi th thc peepleicorne wh?t mr]y thz I r i s h p i e s t sh.11 bc fmn.1 ? m i $ the f i g h t invoking h c ~ v e n s b l o s s i n c u p m it1! .7 This i n i t s e l f i s cnsugh t > pr9vo t h n t t h e i r sup2ort l ? y s t r o n z l y m,] J e t ~ ? r r n i n ~ d l y with thc Young In- l .ncl q r 7up 3nl! with t h l ; i r - b e l i i f s . A t a mcctinp hclL1 i n T c m p l ~ ~ l c r r y F111 ~ k 1 ' 7 ~ , A p r i l 23r5, Fr.iknyon, t o s c t h i r with T.F.M~p3her~ S. OtRri-.np ,m! John Mitchcl l , s t r m ~ l y ur2cf' t he crow' 7rbs,;nt tL> support thc cquso of Youn~ Irdlnn:'.

From Fr.Kenyonts s;~cech i t i s evic!cnt t h r t hc qs n, p r i e s t wrys @ i n f ~ v s u r of ~ c t i q n , mmor? q c t i m i f ncccss:>ry.

John OtI.l??i~ny, i n h i s o,cc:)unt ?f h:)w tht: c le rgy were ! i s p ~ s e + i n thc: south, f r o e l g ~ .<mit tc . l t h q t mqny p r i c s t s wera i n f - v m r ?f the s c t t i n ~ up )f c m f c Ic r? te c lubs 3.n' evon rl irecte-l thcm.

Ii .sv.M, Pow12r curq.te cif t h t p ? r i s h whsre I live<:, A ? l l y n ~ i l l , wished. t g c s t ~ b l i s h q club i n h i s 1ocnlity1l9 In Cnrrick thc rc wcro s c v d r f ? l clubs cstr :bl ish, . l , 2 1 1 unrlcr thc

> r >ntron?f;;c: of i12ve, . * 2yrne

Within the c l e r y t h i r s W-s c 3 n f l i c t b e t w t ~ n the c l d c r c l e r i c s an 2. r l igni tgr las , ?n l, thc pun{; c l e r , ~ y , ?S t ; whether p r i e s t s should sui2;>ort nY~unq I r c l m n l u . c o n f l i c t which h?;? subsidec1. temporarily i n the ~ q r l y months of 1843 erupted q q ~ i n while the p l m f o r thc i n s u r r d c t i ~ n wqs i n ac t ion . It i s app?rent from John 0 f : ; ~ h ~ n y f s ?cc )unt of thc; i n s u r r ~ c t i m t h n t a ch-nge of qttitul!o h?d m ~ n i f e s t c d i t s z l f IImmg the c lergy , even t h ~ s e whr, h33 s t r j n g l y s u : : ~ ; c r t ~ ~ ? Young Irelnnd.

l1F'r3m ';ev.Dr.OtL~y1m I le3rned t h ~ t himsslf,';ev.Byrne ~nc! n 1 1 the l o c q l leq.ders were 9 ~ - i n s t the mcvement 7s p r a m ~ t u r c ! ~ .

In ,? l e t t e r w r i t t e n ~ b ~ ~ r i l t h b Swift t o Trsm2nin9 T.F. Mcqher attempts ~ S I c:xcl?in why the c l e ryy deciiled t; Oiscmt inuo t h e i r

I1There i s -nother sl?n,!er toc,, s l ~ n J e r n:) 1, s s u n j u s t qncl scnnf??lcus which I f e e l bcun3 t c r e f u t e . Sincc thz : - f f n i r 7 t

Bnl l inpnrry i t h ~ s beLn r c p r t z 3 1 g runs i n Dur eq r s the p r i e s t s betrzyer; y9u. The i r i c s t s (Ii! n ~ ) t b,: tr , y us . As ? b ~ d y they were op:~so~I t o us f r ,m thc ; l ~ y of the S C C ~ S S ~ : ~ clown t o the very r!qy on which t h t sus : lms im of tho sqqbs~s Corpus Act w7.s :innmncei!. . In n o t jr;ininv us theref > re , i n the f i e l d , i n not e x h ~ r t i n g the ~ t ~ p l a t 3 tnka uy Prms, i n s e t t i n g themselves 3gqinst tho faw whG> r n l l i 2 - 1 qnd wqrniny t h ~ m t I t h e i r h,mses, i n ?l1 t h i s they ?iL' not 7c t t rzqcherouslg. They simply ~ c t e d with s t r i c t c m s i s t z n c y . I 6,) n ~ t ~f course nppl?ud. them f o r the 9 q r t they 7ctsd. with thd b e l i a f t h n t i s roo tee i n my mind I c c u l l n s t S ? . For I f i rmly belidv6-l, t h - t h-cl the p r i e s t s ~f Irelnnc71 pr2nchcfI the r ev2 lu t ion frrim t h e i r n l t - r s , h??. they b less2 3 the -rms .in,'L b~.nners of the peoy, le ,h~d they

me 3ut l i k e the S i c i l i r l n p r i e s t s o r the Archbish >p ~f Milfin -n:l borne the cr2ss i n f r m t of t h i i n s u r p n t rnnks, I f i rmly be l i eve t h 9 t thc rc w--ulq hnvc becn Yl-ung Nr.t im, cr3wneil with g l o r y , s t r n ? i n ~ proudly up by the s i " e 2f Erql-nd - t t h i s hour. An? y e t i n o7yosinc the i n s u r r e c t i m i r y movcment of 1348, the Cqtholic Clsrgy of I r s l ~ n ( 1 were influcnco4 by the pures t love f s r the pe.cjy,le. ?hay h." witnbsscjl the rqv.:pos of t h r e e f3mincs,

~ n d hqd sean the bload of the country turn ing i n t o wzter, i t s r i g o r m s p l l q n t f o m s h r i v e l l i n g t 2 - spec t re . They h.4 seen n l l t h i s 1nc3 cx.114 n ~ t b r ing themselves t o beetow t h e i r sanc t ion cn 2 s t r u g s l e i n which the o,l!s n o ~ e - r e d S ; numerous gqqinst t h i country. I kngw t h q t i t wns t h i s f e e l i n g of c e r t 5 i n brnve hizh-rninde4 men i n p - r i s h ~ s I c-?ul,! mention -m-n t h e i r 10 e f f o r t s t-, su rp r i so the r is in-r : they weri;. g1;verned by t h i s fee l inz l1 .

It i s evir!_ent th:-,t Ne~gher h?'! n , b i t t s r f e e l i q ~ s qh;qinst the c l e rgy f o r t h e i r qc t ions . Acc ; r d i n ~ t:j Ilsqchdr the c l e r3y h?d been c~lwoys ->gr~, ins t the p ~ l i c y of Y ~ u n c I re lqnd. This f e e l i n g . 3ccupied tha minds jf t h ~ h ierqrchy wi th in the c l e rgy but 1

undoubtedly i t cqn be sden t h : , t miny uf the or4'linqry c lerqy ! 4 wcre very much i n f n v m r of q c t i ~ n on the p ~ r t 3f Ydung Irelqnd.

Thase p r i e s t s wcre i n f ludnce:? s t rong ly by the c ? i ) y i t ~ r i c s wha wcre beinq p r e s s u r i s ~ ? . -in "hus :].l1 the c l r r g y -1eci :e..l t o wi thCr~w t h e i r support frsm the r l n n .

In 7 l e t t e r t o the e d i t c r of the W?terf:;r? News, Kov.lOth, 1848 m i n h q b i t m t rlf Mew :idss g7ve h i s own parssnr ' l m r s s n s 7s t o why thc c l e r ~ y J i J n r t pnrtpke i n the . - ic t im of thc l11orn.r

Pwtyl1.

I 1 I heard some persons essqying t o cqs t censure o r blqrne m the Critholic Clergy f ~ r not joining i n the 1 - t e nbcr t ive ~ t tem-pt a t ~ u t b r e s k . Those ind iv idu? l s qsk why brouldn't the c lergy join t h ~ pe3ple ? N.)w I ?sk t h i s war pqrty why would they ? Here Rre the r eqsons . Bec-use t l i z i r 3c;ly ~ e l i ~ i m incu lcq t a s peoce. Secnuse the cmri t ry w?s than i n m ~ s t h e l p l e s s c o n { l i t i m without i r m d , food c r nioney. Eecnuse they l i 2 n3t O;r,ree ~ s , t o the sq.gncity of the l e q l e r s . Becruse the I1Ynr P-rtyl1 .h in ted t h n t they werc inde2en::cnt c f the c lergy . Eecquse thqugh ? f f s c t i n g t o bond 7 1 1 Irishmen toqether t h t y poured i n c 6 s s m t i n s u l t s cm. t h ~ memory ~f t h i t , ? re- tes t of Irishmzn Dsnicl OIC,xmell thus i n s u l t i n g h i s devoted -7n -! c x ~ n t l e s s ?clmirers. Becq~use they declq-red th2.t i f the n l t ? r s t cod bztveen thosb ?nil the objec t they h?? i n view i t sh.ml, l bc thr2wn :.si :d. Becnusc they beg?n the wrp without c~ .msul t ing thc o l ~ i n i ~ n s sf the c lergy . Secquse the w a r pnr ty donominqtcrl 311 th.)se who 3 i < l not qqree with them i n @l-1ini~:n 2s I l c w ' r . - ? ~ ' ~ ~

I I And why shoul? the w ? r p - r t y b l q m ~ the 01: I r s l ~ n d e r s -w

thc c l e rgy f o r t h e i r wont of success ? hhy cq.11 the c l e r s y cownrds ? llky c711 pe$;pld wh. c7nsciknti.1usly opposed the physicql fc.lrce ,-7f ~ r i n c i p l z c c w ~ ~ r d s ? I;.;hy n - t m thz s t h e r h ~ n ? put t h i s sm?!lt m th3 r i g h t h ~ r s e ~ n d s l y t h q t the w n r p n r t y who b ~ u g h t p n s ?nld pikes ~ n , ! cursep? m*: sw Ire t h ~ t t ~ e g s h m l d hnve w r j r ho,? no t the pluck. m e pence p ? r t y m 5 'ce n p l a d g ~ s ?n5 n3 yramises,. Thcy l ~ - k s , : ~ n - l cqlmly matched the b e l l i g e r e n t s l l . l l

Above, i n b i t t e r t n n ~ s , m 01.1 Iralin:!er s u y p x t s i n f u l l tha ~ c t i o n s of the c lergy .

The e l e c t i x of a c-nc.iidrl;te -.S P new member L)f Fsr l i rmsnt f 4 ? r W-terford c i t y mqy be s i n ~ l e c ! c u t .S evcnt whi.ch hclpe4 tr; mould the op in i -ns of d i f f e r e n t s e c t a r s . ~ f t h s comnunity tow-rt1st Young Irelqn?. .. LXlrin~' the week irnrne2iq t e l y bof m e the c l & > c t i 3n the Yxng I r e l n n ' c r s shswci:. thdmselves t.-\ be strone,ly qg2inst the 013 I r e l ~ n d e r s . They 3iil s -, by meFns of 2 h y s i c ~ l f o r c e . I1The u n ~ f f o n d i n t ( ~ j j ~ l l c w e r s .~f 012 I r e l - n ? were s t r u c k t o the grnun' with st;ncs1I. This i n i t s e l f w ~ s not s u f f i c i e n t but when 'Thomqs F.I'4engher rf-i?.liee t h q t hc wL;uld be d e f e ~ t o : ? the Younq I r e l ~ n ! e r s v ~ t e d f a r the Y h i ~ c l n q i 7 ~ t c S i r Henry ~ o r r o h

The members of the Chnmber c j f Cnrnrnerce, 'which inclu:!,sd rn2nuf?cturers :l.n'J t r y d e r s i n terf.::r,::, i n w r i t t e n l c t t e r d.ecl?red un.l.bi:?iny lsy::!lty t . . j the crown. In sc? :?,?ing they ex!;resse4 fe?.r ?ncl nnxiety 7 t t h s rcvolu t iannrg m t b r e n k s which wore cccurr ing i n thc c i t y v!-'. c.3unty of W3tcrf . x r ? l . The s e c r e t v y , Thani?s Hmtcm i n 1 p e r s c j n ~ l l e t t e r t o thc Lore L ieu tonmt ;.,.~le~c!e~:. t . 2 t ~ k e intc, c i - ) n s i i l e r ~ t i s n thc ;.>resent al7.rmint.; c r i s i s ?f the < : f f? i r s i n t h i s c ~ u n t r y 1 1 1 3 0 The n t t i t u d e s of thz msmbors df thc Chmber ,2f Crrnm~rce townrds Young Irel::nc!, were cle- . r . m i s grm;.; wns :?.4cIin~ ins.c;curity nn.3 ..

i n s t c b i l i t y t o the pcncc: which . ; :rzvi,xsly e n v e l ~ y : ~ . ? the country. The m e r c h ~ n t s ::,f the c i t y were s t r i c k e n with .Q. s i m i l . ~ r g r i e f bu t thay f e l t t h a t the -tmcjsphc;re wqs heizht6norl. ~ . . t . 2 ? l c v e l whore by extern31 f o r c c s w e m ncce-ssory t,) ;:rclvi-3e securi ty . . . Theg. . fe l t i t nzcess,?ry s l t n give the c i t i z e n s of Wnterfurll the ndvnntqe of one of Her M?jes ty ts armiss stepin vessols t> be st<?tisnecl i n the harbsurn . Mnny 1 . - ~ y - l i s t s f e l t .yn im:;cnd-ing <?ngcr i n c lose ;?roximity ant2 n l s - , s e n t 3 ;!otiti:me,:: l e t t e r t::) the Lord L i e u t e n ~ n t t , r ~ sen-1 r e i n f r:rcements. A l l '3f t h s s e p e t i t i m s were sen t t:! the Lor,?. Lieuten?nt wi th in r. month of the Wnterfor3 clect icm.

Befors the prsyzrqtir:.n f:.lr t h o . i n s u r r c c t i ( ; n . h ? d . bep.n,very in f luen t i r i l borlies i n W~turf,;r~: ' . hf;cl f.:rmed h ~ s t i l e opinians on Y5un.g I r e l - n : ?m:.'. i t W P S uniik6l.y th:t. thcisc.. o p i n i m s wsuld chnmgs. Yet des- i te t h i s , the I1Ycun;; Irel~-;nF! F o ~ e m e n t ~ ~ d i d h2ve sup;qort i n W.~ tx r fo r~3 , Much cf t h i s c,?mi: f r > a n . tha . lower 3rd.er-s of the c.anmunity. Within b'?terf:-)ril c i t y , T.F.Yer:~her r e q u l ? r l y . v i s i t e d t h s miser?ble c:?.bins > f t h s poor.. A t f i r s t ' . b.ecnus.e.. of h i s upper c r u s t .Enclish r\cccnt, 9cquireiJL i-! t Clmg.?wes m d r t St mayhurs t , the ?e.:)-~la ! : is t ruste3 him. They cnu1;l not unders t ?nil why r we.qlthy y . x n 3 m.?n shoulc! i n t o r e s t himself i n chnnging t h e i r s t n t u s . Nmy remambera~~ D m i o l 0 fCl)nne.ll.!s. s e l l j u t of the s2me 2 e ~ ; ~ l e ?nr: they ?ls : j knsw t h ? t the f n t h e r of . this young m m w::.s nn u l t r ? c m s t ? r v ~ ~ t i v o .

. . .

T. F.Mei?.gher, ?nd the Y?unq I r c ; l ~ n ~ 2 . g r q : wqs ?eterminacl t o .

win the sq.y:ort ;?f t h i s sect . :)r of th3 c:.mmunity. M2ny of these p 0 0 ~ l e were tr12 i$n.::r?nt ::f the p o l i t i c s t :, f:>rm 3ny s tqb lo o;?ini ,m . ~ f the gr.my,. But th2y sup~jo r t ed Youna Irelrn{: i n nn ottemFt t ,! ch?n{gc the s t n t u s q u : ~ ~ ilfTqny mdn shOxet?. t h e i r ~~~~~~~~t m2 enthus i n s x by ?t ton?ing m? s s mi3et i~ss . A t 9.

mbctins he1.J i n Tom;:la~~srry m A I - l r i l 23rd " the re wsre ,cibi>ut n t h o u s q n yao::,le jirosent . ~ t i t 11.14 In -clclition the f ? c t t h n t msny of the p r i e s t s were s e t t i n e u i c lubs cncaurnse?~ mqny of the doubt fu l t r ~ j:,in. Far m?ny pe2;-le lo iksd u 2 m t h e . p w i s h y r i e s t n s q. lender i n h i s ~Jwn r i q h t , qn'.? were ' w i l l i n g t o tgke h i s .~v:lvice ?n? f o l l : ~ h i s cx3my:le. T,F.Mdnqlisr 1s ? r r e s t ::m July 12 th shcws thz enthusirsm f:f these 2e:;:;:lc t prevcnt the n r r e s t of t h e i r l e ~ d e r . Fr::m tho ro:;,crt ~ i v e n i n thti ilqtarf2r:! Chrcnicle i t i s c l e o r t h ? t thc ?rmecl pikemen frnm Bqllybrickan w.~ul:! hnve seized. T.F.Meagher fr::m the c c m s t ~ b u l ~ r y h?,d n r ~ t Fi:?ghor himself r,reventt?rl. i t .

i b i ~ ? . J u l y 29th , 1048. - icein. 3.

4. The Invqsion. F i r s t V i c t i r g r,f t h e T roo -S . i b i e . J u l y 29 th , 1548. -

5. Sqne - ; ~ r t i - m of Frlxaeilin;:s i n t h c V-l ley c f tha Suir- -luring thc Autumn cf 1848. J3hn OtI\bh:my. Ms. ( Y L I ) .

6. P ~ r t i c u l q r s of t h ? R - l l s b r i c k e n 7 f f n i r s "

W~tcrfrr.! Chr:micla 7n.l Nunstcr A - l v e r t i s e r , A u ~ ~ u s t 5th9184R. 7. L e t t e r w r i t t e n by I i$v.P?trick Byrne, C . C . t 5 Fr .Cxw?y t h e

e d i t n r ?f t h e Dublin Evening P s s t . k r i l 22nd, 1848. Memoirs of Genar?l Th;m-S Frqnc is Mc?eho+ - J.C?vnn?gh Chapter , By t h z Shnnnm ~ n d t h e S u i r , ;Iopenl meetinc: =t Tern;-leclerry, Sun37 y,

.1zy q? t h e

1848. 9th91848. S u i r '

d u r i n i t h e Autumn of ~ 8 4 8 - b y J-,hn Of?Iqhmy. 10. ToF. Ieccrlzher I~eminisccncss . An unr,ublishe& l? t t e r .

7f Cl-renci-ln, L w ' ~ i e u t e n - n t Gcrierql qnr?. Genernl Governor of I r e l ~ n ~ ~ . This l G t t e r w q s w r i t t c n by Th,~m?s H?nt3n S t . c r c tn ry of t h e Ch~mber ,jf C m r n ~ r c s , I . , ' ~ t e r f : r ~ ~ , Mwch 1 6 t h , 1848. C h ~ a b e r of C?lmmerca, V- te r f 9rCi p r )tee '.in!;s of Gener.71 Meetinvs Dec. l s t , 1945 - Ai:ril 3 th , 11361.

14." L e t t e r s s n t by Mich?el Ikmtimzry cn bshql f of t h e merch-nts of t he c i t y of W q t ~ r f o r * ' t ; Thg?m?s . r ed l ing t .~n rapresan tn ' t ive g f t h e Lor:: L i a u t ~ n q n t A p r i l 5 th , 1848. The . i ? f t i g C.3l lect i .m !\J >.15?, T h t lzTnt6rf jr ' i L >?me The V2terfqrci Municipzl Librqry.

B O O K R E V I R b

IRELAND: A SOCIAL AKD CULTU:lAL B1STOI.Y. 1922-1973.

by Terence Brown. F o n t ? n ~ Or i~ in .11 . 1981. ~ 3 . 5 0 i n U.K. / £5.17 I r e l r n d .

!

? Between the s c h o l a r l y tomes on h i s t 3 r y which a r e f r e q u e n t l y r e f e r r ed t 9 b u t r r r e l y reqd i n f u l l m d t he l n r g e formzt co f f ee - tqble , photo-book,in which t h e r e i s l i t t l e t o rend, l i e s n t h i r d c ~ t e p o r y . Such bo3ks tend t o concent rn te on 9 r e n s o n ~ b l y panu l s r theme n o t y e v i o u s l y explored i n 7 cohesive f w h i o n . P e t e r Beresford E l l i s b o ~ k on t h e h i s t o r y of t he I r i s h workinr;; c l - s s is qn exsmple. Terence i:rownfs boak on the s o c i y l rind c u l t u r n l h i s t o r y of t h i s s t a t e s i n c e indej7endence ~ l s o f i t s comfortnbly i n t h i s cqtegory .

Agriculture,industry,reli~~ion,housing,sport,ductin, t h e s r t s , nnd government p o l i c i e s .re ?l1 covered. Obvimsly wi th such Q bTwd cnnvps one cn.nnot expec t t ~ o man? b rushs t rokes t o be appl ied t o each t o p i c . I d h j t one cqn expec t i s 7 degree of e q u y l i t y m d i n t h i s , one i s d i s ~ p p o i n t e d . L i t e r ~ t u r e i,, msde t h e dominmt element 3nd Erown has l i t t l e new t o o f f e r i n T ' i scuss ing p o s t - i nde~endence I r i s h w r i t i n c .

The dependence - n l i t e r ~ t u r e 7s an i n t e l l e c t u q l backdrop d i s t o r t s t he book becnuse he op t s f o r t he OfFriole~in/OfConnor perspec t ive r q t h e r thpn OlDonnell / O lF l ?he r ty . 30 th Seqn OfFqolnin and Prqnk OlConnar h7va c h e 2 r f u l l y c h m p d bhe pqs t . P r m k OfConnor even rewrote h i s c r e q t i v e warlcs, a p r0 .c t ice which s t i r r e d OfFsolnin t o nccuse him of f o r s i n q chequss a l r e ~ d y csshed. In f - c t t h e metqphor i d e q l l y s u i t s bo th msn h : ~ b i t u i l r e w r i t i n g of Modern I r e 1 n d f s h i s t o r y from 7 cosmo,mli tnn ?n(l cynic91 viewpoint where the dornin~.nce m d r e ? l i t y of -7 p e ? s ? n t p 4sb i s swept a s i d e i n fqvour of q shsbby g e n t i l i t y .

Both P e n d ~ ~ r OfDonnell 2nd L ic im O f F h h e r t y wsre born 2nd reqred on the A t l ~ m t i c senbo2rd snd wrote wi th r u t h e n t i c i t y ?bout the a r ea . T h q t t he sg.me plqce wzs t h e o b j e c t of 3 romqntic i d e q l expressed by major f i ,yures (such ? S de V g l e r * ~ ) i s n o t t h e i r r e s p m s i b i l i t y . Drown l i n k s them wi th t h i s romnnticism and complnins t h ? t , " they bo th se t~m t e n p t e 3 by the v i s i o n of 1n I r i s h r u r q l world t h r t e x i s t s beymd p o l i t i c - l r e ~ l i t y , ~ ~ which he l

considers e s p e c i - l l y p c u l i - r s i n c e they, nwrote t h e i r novels wi th n v i ~ o r o u s s o c i g l i s t csncern t o unmnsk s o c i ~ l i n j u s t i c e s i n t he I r i s h c m n t r y s i d e n . The bvious qnswer i s t h a t t h e r e i s snd wqs

d i f f e r e n t form of s o c i a t y slonk; t he wzs te rn seqboq,rdT Tho ffict t h a t t he b 3 c h x r d g l ~ n c e s of OfF?o la in d i smis s i t does n o t n l t e r r e s l i t y . Der iving fram the i d e n l i s t i c concept ion of t h i s s o c i e t y sn 2ttempt t o j u s t i f y c m s e r v q t i v e nnd i n s u a s r n 3 t i o n s l i s m w s s mde by the foundine f c ~ t h e r s af tho s t - t e . To s ~ y , a s Brown does, t h ~ t t h 6 6 e p i c t i o n of such I r e q l i t y i n t he w ~ r k s of 0 f F l z h e r t y and OfDmne l l lfm?kes t h e i r works l e s s r 2 d i c a l t h s n they perhaps thought theg i s t'3 f n i l t o u n d e r s t m d t h ~ t f o r s o c i s l i s t s t h e t r u t h i s the most r ~ d i c 3 l e x p r e s s i m of t h e r e 3 l i t y of 2 s o c i e t y .

In ccmpnrison t 3 01F~o l? in ,who c m n d j u s t h i s w r i t i n g - t o s u i t even Plnyboy , OlDonncll i s w e ~ k n t constructin: ; p l o t s . In tha world i n which t h e ~ c t i m x c u x a , he i s gdapt -,t p i e r c i n z th rou~;h the veneer of midd le -c l l s s r e s p a c t q b i l i t y w i th which O l h o l ~ i n c o l t s s o c i e t y . Drownfs q t t i t u d e i s even more absurd i n t h q t he

, admits l ~ . t e r i n t h e book t h n t t h e G ? c l t l c h t C ~ m m i s s i o n ~ ~ c o n f i r m s

- 62 - . .,. .. . ,.. . ... . .

t h e a u t h e n t i c i t y of Pe?d.?r OrDonnel l r s l i t e r q r y c m c l u s i o n i n h i s novel l f I s l q n d e r s t f (192.9) where t h ~ h s r o and h e r c i n e r \ t t h e sn6. of t h e book r e j e c t the . -pos3ibi l .Lt ies . of .m~in l .qnd . l i f e -Zn...th-e e ~ a t .of t he count ry t o ..remein. on t h e i r i s l i n d , even though t h e i r l i f e the,re w i l l bo on2 of p r i v q t i o n 7.nd s t r ingencyl l , Erown's t c r g e t should . .

hrve been thc misuses of t h : . t r s , ? l i t y , n o t 2 d e n i a l of i t s e x i s t e n c e .

"' The s'ecmd m 3 j o r f n i l u r e qf unciars tmding i s brown 1s n.ppr~%,ch t o the ' inergine'r! conse rv r t i sm of I r i s h s o c i e t y . He ? s c r i b e s i t t p tho conserv? ' t ism f i l t a r i n ; : th rsugh tha o f f s p i n g of th.e pa.?s?ntry. . ' .

, .. i n t o t he s m g l t r ~ d e r c l ? s s 2nd priesthood. Ae,sugyests ' t h i s .. . .

t r i n i t y 1s oppos i t i on t c ch-nge w . 1 ~ r n : ~ . c c u r ~ ' t e r a f l e c t i m o f , . ,:find response t o , t he existin,.; s o c i e t y ?nil whi le they col lnborn t e d i n pyintp- ining ?.n u n ~ d v e n t u r o u s s 7 c i 3 t y 9 t h e people ? S ? whole bore u l t imn te r e s p o n s i b i l i t y . This i n t e r p r e t 2 t i o n i s mis leqding ns i t omits t h e p o l i t i c i ~ n s , t hc m o s t import:.nt f . 2 ~ ~ 3 i n t h e I r i s h s t ? . t e . ' Socrusa ~f p r c j p o r t i o n d r c p r a s e n t ? t i o n end o t h e r f . - c t ' o r s , I r i s h pub l i c r e ~ r e s e n t - t i v o s br?ser? t h e i r ' ~ ~ c t f v i t i a s on ,

t r e n t i n n t h e i r c . x s t i t u e n t s n s c l i e n t s whi le nct , in% :'S b r ~ k e r s , '

This system,with i t s .ccomprnyin,?: p ~ r s p h e r n ~ l i ~ of c ' l i .n ics ,copies of o f f ' i c i . 11 l e t t e r s , r n ? c :~n t?c t ; -men , s t i l l t h r . i v e s , ~ n r : i t s e x i s t e n c c mn.de T.D.'s messenger bogs r n t h e r thr.n l e ~ i s l n t o r s . The : e e s u l t , i n terms of s . ~ c i ? l hist,:>rg,lia-ls t h r - t the p o l i t i c 2 1 l e n d e r s h i p which coul:i hnvc provided t h c i n s p i r r t i m clnd p q , c t i c 3 l propos9ls f o r c h c r - 7 ~ ~ i n s t e g d tendo,d t o s e t t i s ?t t h e l e v e l of 1oc.l c l i e n t i l i s m . . .

: . ,

De'spite thcso d e f i c i e n c i e s , t h e m ? r e m?ny s i t u - , t i ms desc r ibed i n t h i s bolok which .?.oserve ~n ?ir inr : , An i n s t m c e i s h i s sympnthetic a ;q ro -ch t o the pmblems of S m t h c r n P r c t e s t r 7 n t s irnqedi2tely ?.f t e r inde-aendencc. S \ i n s e c u r s wcre they t h , ? t t h s y s e n t d e l a q r t i m from the Synod t z Plichnel C ~ l l i n s t o enquira i f they wmld be allowed t o remnin i n t he new s t - t e .

Another f ~ s c i n q t i n z s e c t i o n d e s c r i b e s t h e e n r l y s t ~ z e s of t he I r i s h Lmguqqe r e s t o r n , t i o n p o l i c y . It sh2ws t h q t t h e e q r l y c m c e n t r q t i o n on c d u c ? t i c n s l , r ~ t h e r than e c o n o m i c , ~ s p e c t s k i l l e d '

I r i s h i n t h e h e a r t s of t h i c h i l d r e n 2nd d e s t r ~ y e d the G ~ e l t q c h t s .

A minor c r i t i c i s m i s t h q t &he Rgmqn Cnthcjlic Church i s e r roneous ly t r z n t 2 d s s 3 m m y l i t h up t n 1950. ' There were d i s s e n t i n g vs i ce s . An m t s t q n d i n g exymple i s Fyther 01Fl=nm;3nn who p re s sed t h e cquse of the l e g i t i m q t c Spnnish G2vernment me. th3 d e m o c r ~ ~ t i c r i g h t s of i t s people q t 7 time w h c ~ Frclnco w ? s ? very p o n u l n r f i g u r e i n m7ny I r i s h ey3s.

On 7 l i ~ h t ~ r no te t h? boak i s i d e n l f o r browsins. In t e r e s t i n? : s n i p ~ e t s such 7s t he f q c t t h - t 30 pe r c,;nt of I r ishmen between t h a t spos of 2 5 m d 3O werc b : l c h e l ~ r s i n 1926, a r c p l e n t i f u l i n t h i s h i s t . s r y . 1t i s p ~ c k e d wi th in te r ( -S t i n e axce rp t s from speeches, mCy?zines ~ n c ! d?cuments. Thny t h e c - p i e s clrc c;xpl.-ine(! ~ n d sxp lo rcd . I 'erhr~ps i t s g r c ? t c s t c l < i m t 2 a - t t en t ion i s -S ~,'luide t o t h e ' d i v e r s e f n c e t s of I r i s h c u l t u r ? l rind s o c i - l l i f e . Tvhng v i l l f i n d i t u s e f u l ? S s t ~ r t i n : ~ p o i n t f o r deeper s tudy of p3 r t ' i cu l t ? r nskec t .

ROOK REVIEW.

Edmund Rice. The Man & His Times. Desmond Gill & Macmillan.1981.fl0.35.

During the past year the Irish Christian Brothers have received attention from a variety of artistic sources. Two plays, 'The Silver Dollar Boyss (Neil Domelly) =d IThe Christian Brotherst (Ron Blair) were pro6uc,.:? in Dublin, and a film, 'Our Boys1 (Catha-l Black) received its premiere. A new biography of the order's founder, Edmund Rice, The Man and His Times., was written by Irish Indepenient journalist Desmond Rushe and is now available.

Since the first biographical note appeared in the Complete Catholic Directory in 1845, at least 25 publications on the life of Edmund Rice have been available, though some were written for private circulation only. perhaps thc most widely known in recent years were, Eamann Iognaid Ris. le Nollaig 0 Gadhra. Foil Nais.Teo 1977. and Steadfast in Giving. W . B . Cullen C.F.C., A.L. OtToole C.F.C. Veritas. 1979.

We are told by Desmond Rushe, in his Introduction, that he was invited by the Irish Christian Brothers to write this new biography. One wonders why ? The very tit12 of the bcok,Edmund ~ice,The Man & His Times, raises a number of questions. Firstly, why write another biography if nothing ncw is presented? Secondly, why write yet another general history of 18th and 19th century Ireland? Another question arises as to the category into which it might be placed. It claims to be a book of serious historical research and yet is without notes, references or bibliography. Can it be classified as Social History, History of Education, Church History or even Hagiography? The author says that he didlnt set out to write the definitive biography, and that's unfortunate. After 25 publications its? long overdue.

What Desmond Rushe has given us is a readable, general biography, sct against 3 lightly sketched social historical back- ground. A ~ o o d narrative sytle holds one's attention throughout, even though the scquesce of chapters is not strictly chrono~ogical. Unfortunately, there is little real evaluation. The book has fsr too many quotations and extracts from correspondencc followed by the author's commentary. Neither is it an objective study. There is no doubt throughout the book as to where the authoris smypathy lies. The portrait of Edmund Rice that we get is one of a man devoid of faults - one might say even, a 'saint1. He is a man without warts, and anything less than a kind, loving, moral and honourable man is caused by misrepresentation, lies and jealousy on the part of others. At no point in the book does the author point to any action or attitude of Edmund Rice that does not conform to the 'saintly' image. At times one gets the impression that Desmond Rushe, having consulted the sources, saw Edmund Rice as a 'saint' and then set about writing thc biography. Nevertheless, the qualities of the man, his business success, his piety, his '

dedication, his vision and his love arc anmistakable and impressive.

Edrmmd Rice was born in June 1762 at Westcourt, Callan, Co. Kilkenny, the son of well off farming parents. IIe was reared and educated in a Catholic ethos and on completing his secondary education c'me to the busy commercial centre of Waterford to run his uncle's provisions btisiness ti'aving married, tragedy struck and his young wife was killed i~ a fall from a horse.

A d a u g h t e r , born p r e m a t u r e l y was rncnta l ly handicapped and had t o be p r o v i d e d f o r . Edmund Rice was a r e l i g i o u s and c h a r i t a b l e man and h e d e c i d e d t h a t t h e poor o f Wgterford c o u l d b e s t be h e l p e d by a t o t a l d e d i c a t i o n o f h i s l i f e t o t h e i r n e e d s . Re s e t zbou t found ing an o r d e r cf l a y b r o t h e r s who would e d u c a t e t h e poor boys o f Wate r fo rd .

. . .

Desmond Rushe S t.'res:tme,nt - 0 2 I r e l a n d d u r i n g t h c P e n a l Days i s r a t h e r , tcjo g e n e r a l , ' though be. does concede t h s t t h e Pena l ,Laws d i d v a r y i i l t h e i r ' a p p l i c a t i o n nnif s e v e r i t y . i n d i f f e r e n t a r e a s o f t h e c o u n t r y . I n f a c t . t . h c r e wzs a v e r y h i g h degree o f r e l i g i o u s t o l e r a n c e i.n Wzterfcrd. a t t h e t , ime. . I t was cornnon f o r C a t h o l i c and P r o t e s t a n t s t o . . a t t e n - d f m e r c 7 . 1 ~ of t h e o p p o s i t e denomina t ions , and i n 1797 a p a s t o r a l 1 . e t t c r O F D r . T . H u i s e y , . a t t a c k i n g educa- t i o n a l i n s t i t u t i o n s w i t h p r o s e l y t i s i n g emphas i s , was denounced by s o m e C a t h o l i c s a s i n t o l e r a n t , r e p r e h e n s i b l e and. imprudent . A t t h e t i m e o fEdmund R i c e ' s b i r t h C a l l a n had scven p r i e s t s and two churches . . S i m i l a r l y , t h e n o t i o n o f t h e r c b c i r ~ g no. , s c h o o l s f o r C a t h o l i c s i s f a l s e . Records f c r 1824. .show t h a t t l r e re were t h i r t y - e i g h t Cathc:l.ic ?ay s c h o s l s f i ; r 1 , 5 5 0 u u p i l s i n Wate r fo rd ,

However, i t was t h o s e whc c ~ u l d nGt pay t h a t Edmund Rice had i n mind when h e e s t a b l i s h e d h i s f i r s t s c h ~ o l i n a c o n v e r t e d s t a b l e i n N e w S t . , Watc r fo rd . Much t o the s u r p r i s e c f h i s b u s i n e s s a s s o c i a t e s he s o l d of; h i s b u s j n c s s i n t e r e s t s and r r c p e r t y and mcved i n t o l i v e o v e r t h c c o n v e r t ~ d c l a s s r o o m s . He wished t o b u i l d a f u l l c o n g r e g a t i o n w i t h t h e mcmbcrs t a k i q g vows and b e i n g r e c o g n i s e d by t h e Hsly See . The f o l l o w i n g y e a r , 1803, a new and l a r g e r s c h ~ o l was b u i l t on t h e s i t e o f t h e c l d Faha c h a p e l and hav ing b l e s s e d t h e s c h c o l , t h e b i s h o p , D r . Hussey s u g g e s t e d t h e name Mount S i c n .

T h i s book d e s c r i b e s t h e o r i g i n s and e ,?r ly development o f t h e I r i s h C h r i s t i a n B r o t h e r s and t h e P r e s c n t a t i o n B r o t h e r s frnm t h c s t humble b e g i n n i n g s a t New S t . up t o t h e d c a t h o f Edmund ( B r o t h e r I g n a t i u s ) R ice i n 1844. But what w i l l p r o v i d e msst i n t e r e s t t o l o c a l Water fgrd h i s t o r i a n s p e r h a p s , i s t h ~ a c c c u n t t h c a u t h c r g i v e s o f t h e r o l e of a number o f Wate r fo rd Cr l thol ic b i s h o p s and c l e r g y i n lmany of t h e i m p o r t a n t e v e n t s i n Edmund R i c e 1 S l i f e and i n t h e development o f t h e q r d e r . Almost e v e r y develoyment was c o n t r o v e r - s i a l , and c a u s e d b i t t e r n e s s , r a n c o u r , and a t t i m e s ~ t : r s o n a l enmity between t h e p e r s o n a l i t i e s . E x t r a c t s from cor respondence i l l u s t r a t e t h e d e p t h s of t h e exchanges" During some o f t h e c o n t r o v e r s i e s , Edmund R i c e , w h i l e S u p e r i ? r o f t h e o rde r ,was r e f e r r e d t o as ' a conlmcn b 3 t c h e r 3 , 'a p u b l i c f o r n i c a t o r i , and l a t e r a s ' o l d and s t u p i d t . S u ~ p r i s i n g l y , t h e s e c h z r g e s were made by D r . R , Walsh, Bisho;~ c f Nste- r fordand Lir;more, and Paul C u l l e n ( 1 a t e r C a r d i n a l ) , r e s p e c t i v e l y . The f i r s t n i e j ~ r c o n t r o v c r s y 2 r o s e overthe fundamenta l n a t u t c a f t h e o r d e r and t h e B r i e f t h a t would be obtained from Rome. Some b r c t h e r s wished t o e l e c t t h e i r own s u p e r i o r g e n e r a l and be independen t of tkc h i s h o p o f t h e d i o c e s e , r a t h e r l i k z t h e J e s u i t s , v h i l e o t h e r s wished t c . be under t h e d i r e c t i o n s o f t h e l o c 3 l b i shop . Th i s c o n t r o v c r s y a b o u t t h e B r i e f (which l e d t o a n e a r l y s p l i t i n t h c o r d e r rind t h e r e s u 1 , t i n g f o u n d a t i o n of t he P r e s e n t a t i o n B r o t h e r s ) was p l a y e d o u t a g a i n s t a hzckground o f a major s c a n d a l i n v o l v i n g t h e p r i c s c s of t h c d i o c e s e o v e r t h e appointment o f a s u c c e s s o r t o D r . John l'nwer (d ,1816) a s b i s h o p o f t h e d i o c e s e . Forged l e t t e r s t c t h c Holy See , t h r e a t s o f p u b l i c e x p o s u r e , a1 l e g a t i o n s o f c o l l u s i o n concern ing s i m o n i a l p r a c t i c e s , armed p r o t e c t i o n o f nuns i n Dungsrvnn, were a s p e c t s of t h i s c o n t r o v e r s y u n t i l R o ~ c e v e n t u a i i y i n t e r c e d e d . Desmond Rushe i s undoubtedly z t h i s b e s t i n t h c s e c h a p t e r s : r a t h e r l i k e

l i k e s good j o u r n a l i s t t e l l i n g a good s t o r y . Fu r the r c o n t r o v e r s i e s a r o s e over t h e i s s u e 3f Pay Schools , t h e miss ion t o G i b r a l t a r , t h e Na t iona l Schools and f i n a l l y t h e ho ld ing of Chapters and t h e e l e c t i o n of 3 Super io r General when Edmund Rice r e t i r e d i n 1838.

The type of educa t ion provided by Edmund Rice and t h e b r o t h e r s was p r i m a r i l y r e l i g i o u s . I t wss a Catho l i c educa t ion f o r a Ca tho l i c people and t h i s h s s always been fundamental t o t h e i r apprcach. I n terms of cur r icu lum it was s u r p r i s i n g l y i nncva t ive . Along w i t h tile u s u a l kraded c l a s s e s i n t h e t h r e e 2 s , p u p i l s were a l s o t augh t book-keeping and nav iga t ion . Night c l a s s e s were he ld f o r t h e p a r e n t s of p u p i l s and one of t h e f i r s t l end ing l i b r a r y s e r v i c e s was i n s t i t u t e d a t Mount S i cn . Aot i tude t e s t i n g and c a r e e r guidance wzre a l s o p a r t of t h e s e r v i c e . Fcod and c l o t h i n g were a l s o s u p p l i e d t~ needy s t u d e n t s . The b r o t h e r s saw t h e i r r o l e a s s o c i a l workers , n a t ~ n l y a s educa to r s , and v i s i t e d j s i l s snd cared f o r t h e s i c k . Though t h e au tho r d e s c r i b e s t h e cur r icu lum of t h e b r o t h e r s and. t h e C a t h o l i c educa t ion envisaged by Ednund Rice , he t r e a t s f a r t oo l i g h t l y t h e famous 'hedge s c h o o l s 1 , and l a t e r t h e gene ra l deba t e on t h e s c t t i n g up of t h e Nat iona l S c h ~ o l s i n 1831. Hc d i s p e l s none of t h e myths surrounding t h e 'hedge s c h o o l s 1 , u n f o r t u n a t e l y .

I n t h e i n t e r e s t s of accuracy i t should bc po in t ed ou t t h a t t h e famous Ca l l an hedge-schcolmaster , Amhlaoibh 6 ~ G i l l e a b h g i n , au tho r of Lcn Lae Amhlaoibh was bcrn no t i n Kilkenny a s s t a t e d , bu t r a t h e r I n m r - E Kerry. He then moved tc; Waterford and l a t e r t o C s l l a n .

Desmond Rushe informs t h e r eade r t h a t t h e r e i s an almost t o t a l l a c k o f pe r sona l m a t e r i a l on Edmund R i c e ' s t h i n k i n g and f e e l i n g s , though t h e book was based on t h e v a s t amount nf m a t e r i a l i n t h e posses s ion c f t h e Bro thers . Unfor tuna te ly , he d o e s n ' t i n d i c a t e t h e s e s c u r c e s . Hopeful ly , t h i s new biography was no t based e n t i r e l y on t h e b i cg raph ie s a l r c a d y w r i t t e n .

This new b ~ o k then , i s a gene ra l biography c f a long , v a r i e d , controversial and productive life. It is not a history of the I r i s h C h r i s t i a n B r o t h e r s , nor an e v a l u a t i o n of t h e educa t ion they provided and t h e i r r o l e i n I r i s h s o c i e t y . Such a bcok wou.ld have been o f g r e a t va lue . They may have been s s i g n i f i c a n t f o r c e i n t h e s h a p i n ~ of modern I r i s h s o c i e t y . Lamentably, much ~ f t h e c r i t i c i s m they have r ece ived has been too emctive and deroga tory t o be of any r e a l va lue . To-day, w i th numbers i n t h e orde? d e c l i n i n g , t h e i r f u t u r e might be u n c l e a r ,

Which b r i n g s us back t c t h e q u e s t i o n r a i s e d a t t h e o u t s e t - why d i d t h e C h r i s t i a n Bro thers i n v i t e Desmond Rushe t o w r i t e t h i s book a t t h i s n a r t i c u l a r t ime ? I n t h e f i n a l c h a n t e r t h e r e a r e vague r e f e renkes t o Edmund Rice being thought of a s a ' s a i n t 1 i n o r a l t r a d i t i o n , y a r t i c u l a r l y i n t h e Waterford a r ea . And i n 1910 t h e cause f o r h i s canon i sa t ion was begun. There in , perhaps , l i e s p a r t of t h e answer.

Noel Kel ly .

- 66 - NOTICES OF PUBLIUTION

A C i t y and County Guide t o Kilkenny and South Wexford, b o t h by P a t r i c k Mackey and p u b l i s h e d b y x E . R . T . 0 . l m a t $1 each .

These c o n t i n u e Mr. ?4ackcy1s comrnendnble s e r i e s o f p o p u l a r g u i d e s t o t h e South E a s t . X h i l e t h e y a r e p r i m a r i l y i n t e n d e d f o r t h e t o u r i s t marke t , t h e y do n z n t l y e n c a p s u l a t e t h e main p l a c e s o f h i s t o r i c a l i n t e r e s t i n Kilkenny and s o u t h Wexford aqd b j i l l serve a s a u s e f u l c h e c k l i s t c f p l a c e s wor th i n v e s t i g a t i n g f o r l o c a l peop le .

The f i r s t sevcn pages o f t h e Kilkenny c u i d e g i v e a resume ,

o f t h e h i s t o r y of t h c c i t y an4 zn accoun t o f t h i r t e e n b u i l d i n g s o f h i s t o r i c a l i n t e r e s t t h e r e , p l u s some s u g g e s t e d wa lks . The n e x t e l e v e n pages e x p l o r e t h e county by means of t h r e e d a y - d r i v e s from t h e c i t y w i t h a b r i e f h i s t o r y o f p l a c e s o f i n t e r e s t and t h e i r s u r r o u n d i n z s . "South Wexford" f o l l o w s a somewhat s i m i l a r p a t t e r n a l t h o u g h t h e approach t e n d s t o c o n c e n t r a t e on topography and a m e n i t i e s such a s R o s s l a r e Harbour , Kennedy P a r k . t h e S lcb lands c t c . ; b u t where , - ,oss ib lc t h e s e a r e p l a c e d i n their i l is tor ical c o n t e x t . however, a11 t h e main h i s t o r i c a l s i t e s r e c e l v e m e n t i a n , w i t h a b r i e f background t o e a c h , s o u t h sf a l i n e fr3m New Ross t o Wexford town and incl.udink: b o t h .

Both bucks a r e w e l l p r i n t e d and n i c e l y p r e s e n t e d w i t h d e l i g h t - f u l l i n e drawings . They a r e v c r y gcod v a l u e f o r a pound. Once a g a i n M r . blackey i s t c be congratulated on h i s i n i t i a t i v e and thanked f o r f a c i l i t a t i n g n o t c n l y t o u r i s t s b u t l c c a l s t o f i n d and a p p r e c i a t e t h e h i s t o r i c ? . l h e r i t a g e o f t h e s c two a r e a s .

Des Cowman.

THOMAS S. FLYNN The Dominicans o f Rosbercan (1267-c.18O).

(S t . Maryvs P r i o r y , T a l l a g h t ,Co. Dublin.1981)

I n t h i s n i c e l y produced and w e l l w r i t t e n b o o k l e t of f i f t y pages F r . Flynn t r a c e s t h e f o r t u n e s o f t h i s minor and hitnerto l i t t l e known Dominican f o u n d a t i o n s i t u a t e d a t Rusbercan, Co. Kilkenny o p p o s i t e New Ross. He appends u s e f u l b i o ~ r a ~ h i c a l n o t e s and l i s t s o f i n d i v i d u a l Dominicans a s s o c i a t e d w i t h t h e house a long w i t h d e s c r i p t i o n s of t h e abbey i t s e l f . The t e x t i s c o p i o u s l y f o o f n o t e d and t h e r e f e r e n c e m a t e r i a l i s comple ted by t h e i n c l u s i o n o f 3 s e l e c t b i b l i o g r a p h y . I n a d d i t i o n t h e b o o k l e t i s i l l u s t r a t e d by pho tographs and an e n g r a v i n g , and i n c l u d e s map r e p r o d u c t i o n s .

The name Rosbercan d e r i v e s from 'Ros ' ( ecan ing e i t h e r wood o r p l a i l and ' I b e r c a n ' , t h e name of 3 l o c a l t r i b e . Rosbercan was t h e n i n e t e e n t h house o f t h e Dominican c r d e r t c b e e s t a b l i s h e d i n I r e l a n d i n t h e t h i r t e e n t h - c e n t u r y . The abbey was a p p a r e n t l y f o u n d e d i n 1267 by t h e Anglo-Norman f m i 1 i . e ~ o f Grace and Walsh. From t h e v e r y b e g i n n i n s Rosbercan was a s m a l l and n o t v e r y s i g n i f i c a n t Dominican house . I t s u f f e r e d from t h e e f f e c t s o f w a r f a r e and p l a g u e i n t h c f o u r t e c n t h - c e n t u r y . and was s u p ~ r e s s e d i n 1539 l i k e o t h e r r e l i g i o u s houses i n I r e l a n d . The Dominicans d i d n o t r e t u r n t s Rosbercan u n t i l c .1639 and t h e i r e x i s t e n c e t h e r e remained p r e c a r i o u s up t o t h e 175os whcn we l a s t h e a r o f them. The r u i n s c f t h e abbey were demolished c .1812 , s o t h a t f o r t h e o b s e r v e r n o t h i n g rems ins t o i n d i c a t e t h e former Dominican p r e s e n c e i n Rosbcrcan. A l l t h o s e i n t e r e s t e d i n t h e h i s t o r y o f

r e l i g i o u s houses i n t h e Sc,uth E a s t of I r e l a n d w i l l welcc~me t h i s p u b l i c a t i o n a s a u s c f u l a d d i t i o n t o t h e s u b j e c t .

T.P.

The Comeraghs, Refuge o f - Rcbe l s , w r i t t e n 2nd p u b l i s h e d by Scan and S i l e Idurphy, 1981, abou t & 2 .

Th i s i s s u b t i t l e d " S t c r y o f De i se Br igade I .R ,A. , 1914- '24" and i t s e i g h t y e i g h t pages a r e g m e ~ o u s l y s p r i n k l e d w i t h r e l e v a n t . . : corntemporary p h c t c g r a p h s . Whilc: t h i s p e r i o d i s s t i l l c l n s e i n t ime and s t i l . 1 c l o s e r i n p o l i t i c a l i m p l i c s t l o n t h i s bock does. a v o i d nlany o f t h e . more b l a t a n t a s p e c t s r.;f t\3s whch one wobld e x p c c t f r o m such a " s t c r y " t o l d mainly from $3 s i n g l e p o i n t o f view. Although t h e . ;. n a t u r e o f t h e a v a i l a b l e ev idence must n e c e s s a r i l y have p r e c l u d e d an i m p a r t i a l h i s t o r i c a l a c c o u n t , t h i s p u b l i c a t i o n p r o v i d e s an i n v a l u a b l e a d d i t i o n t o l o c a l h i s t o r y b e i n g based l a r g e l y on ora. l+ a c c o u n t s g i v e n by t h e s u r v i v o r s . These a r e c o r r c l a t c d f r o m contemporary newspaper a c c o u n t s s o t h a t t h e n a r r a t i o n i s p l a c e d i n c h r o n c l 3 g i c a l o r d e r , most o f i t d e a l i n g w i t h t h e p e r i c d 1918- '23 ,

Some i n t e r e s t i n g i s s u e s cmerge. The V o l u n t e e r s , i t seems had been a c t i v e l y p r e p a r i n g f c r armed r e b e l l i o n s i n c e J a n u s r y 1918. A t t a c k s on t h e R . I . C . howcver were somewhat s p o r a d i c up t o mid l 9 2 0 when t h e a r r i v a l o f t h e Auxil i a r i e s c o i n c i d e d w i t h t h e Earmation of a f u l l - t i m e ' " f l y i n g column" based c n t h e Ccmeraghs. The a t t a c k s t h e n a p p e a r t,.~ have grcwn i n i n t c n s i t y up t o t h e c e a s e - f i r e o f J u l y 1921. The I . R . A , u s e d t h i s l u l l t o impor t arms ( l anded a t Cheekpcint and H e l v i c ) end t o impose what t h e y c a l l e d 3 '"evy" cn a l l houses frcm which i t c o u l d be e x t r a c t e d . A f t e r t h e s i g n - i n s o f t h e T r e a t y t h e l o c a l I . R , A . pu r sued t h e m i l i t a r y who were r e t i r i n g from Dungarvrm b a r r a c k s and a t Kilmacow " c o n f i s c a t e d ' f r ~ m them t h r e e C r a s s l e y t e n d z r s and t h e i r guns . A f u r t h e r impcr t 2f arms was made t h r o u g h H e l v i c i n A p r i l ' 2 2 .

The bliurphys have gathered. e v i d e n c e froc b o t h s i d e s f o r t h e s a d and d e s t r u c t i v e p c r i o d o f t h e C i v i l War, Blame f o r "most o f t.he l o o t i n g and s e i z u r z o f goods" was p inned on t h e I.R.h, b r i g z d z from Cork who had come t o "augment" th:? I r r e g u l a r s ' c a r r i s o n z t Dungarvan. One d e l i g h t f u l l e t t e r ( no s o u r c e 2 iven) i s quo ted . I t i s f rom t h e s t c w a r t a t W h i t f i e l d t o Lady Cawney, t h e n i n I n d i a . "There was a t e r r i b l e b a t t l e h e r e today between t h e S t a t e r s and t h e I r r e g u l a r s . They were s h o o t i n g a t one a n o t h c r a l l day and it was a t e r r i b l e b a t t l e . They s t o p p e d f o r a cup cf t e a and b o t h s i d e s g r e a t l y admired y c u r L a d y s h i p ' s a n t i r r h i n u m s ' . !

A l l i n a l l t h e r e f o r e , t h i s i s a most wor thwhi le book. The Murphys a r e t c be c o n g r a t u l a t e d on t h e i r r e s e l r c h and thanked f o r p r e s e n t - ing i t s o a t t r a c t i v e l y .

Des Cowman.

SOCIETY NEWS.

Waterford County Ikrseum.

Efforts to establish a County Pkzsetm are continuing and the Cm.ittee is now appealing for finmcial sssistmce. f35?000 is needed from voluntary contributors to renovate the 18th century m i l l which w i l l house the nuseum. Kilmacthomas has been chosen as the location for the venture. A wide range of i t e m has already been donated, and on completion exhibits w i l l vary from books to farin rfiachiner;. Those who wish to ass is t , financially orctherwize, shculd contact the Secretary, IVaterford County Museum, Kilmacthomas.

Waterford A r t s Centre.

The recent announcement by the Corporation that the present Courthouse and Municipal Library buildings are t c ? form the new Arts Centre is to be welcomed by a l l local bodies concerned with culture. To-date, 'the A r t s for A l l fcst ivals have included items of historical interest and featured prominent 0. W. S. members. Hopefully, th is connection with the a r t s w i l l be further developed imder the auspic2s of the A r t s Centre. This Society should have many claims to make on the Centre, for f ac i l i t i e s to hold meetings, mount exlliticns etc.

Waterford Labour Iiistory -- Group.

The W.L.H.G. has af f i l ia ted t c the I r ish L?-bour History Society for 1982. The Group is now mid-way through i ts 1981/82 programme. Next t e d speakers w i l l be Frmcis D x 5 e (I.T.G.W.U.), and D r . Arthur Mitchell (Professor of Modern i i i s t oq , University of South Carolinz) . Details of these meetings w i l l be announced in the press.

Errata.

In "The Labour Movmnnt i ~ ? I k t e ~ f o r d City 1913-1923 ; pp. 17-32 Decies XVIII it is stated that \Vaterford dockors were organised by thc London based Dock, Nharf, Riverside aild General Workers' Union. This ought to have read the Livemool based Nz.ticmai &ion 02 bock Labourers. Also, the caption for t l i groilp photograph on page 25 should have read "The '~ece~t ion Conanittee 1918", (not 1920). This error was i n the original d ~ c m e n t and unwittingly reprcduced.

Oral is tory,

In order t o promote interest i n '&is branch of the subject it is hoped to devote one, issue of Decies in 1983 entirely to oral history. A pioneering cievelopcnt of th is kind, un iq~e in Ir ish historiography, would require very careful preparation well i n advance of publication. Members or readers interested i n assisting in any way should contact the editorial conmittee.

6. Outings. Many members w i l l doubtless recall l a s t Sununer1s t r i p to Clonmacnoise. Roder Power's verses m y recapture the magic of the occasion and inspire interest in the forthcoming t r i p t c Loch Gor,Co. Limerick.

When I saw his tcr ic Clonmacnoise, 'Twas in a m i s t of Sunmer balm, Famed resting plrrce of Saint and sage, Seven cnurches mystic calm. Clonmacnoise - cradle o f the word Where Shannon's s h n e l i e s uqerturbed, In Offaly where Christians ruzd TIE storied graves"lnes of the creed.

MEMBERSHIP OF OLD WATERFORD SOCIETY 1981-"'82

[hose names marked * have p 3 i d t h e i r s u b s c r i p t i o n f o r 1982. P.11 ~ t h e r s u b s c . r i p t i o n s of E3 f o r 1982 ? r e now due and may be s e n t t g the Hon. T r e a s u r e r cf t h e Old :sTaterfc.rG. k c i e t y - Mrs. R-Lumley, 29, Daisy T e r r a c e , N a t e r f o r d . Kew members welcome.

Aylward Mrs. N . Rocklands , Fe r rybank , Wate r fo rd .

B e l f a s t E d u c a t i o n a l and L i b r a r y Board940,Academy S t r e e t , B e l f a s t . B e l f a s t L i b r a r y S o c i e t y f ~ r Promoting K n o w l e < g e , l 7 , D o n e ~ s l S t . ' '

*Bennis Miss E.,Church Road, Tramvre, Co. Waterford . Birney Mrs. M. ,Parkswood, Y a s s a ~ e E a s t Co. ~ a t e r f o i d

*Bolger M r . T . ,Deerpark E a s t , Lismorc, C o . Whterfcrcl Bcmaparte-Wyse,Mr. W . ",Ish House," 39,High S t , ,Chard ,Somerse t

Brazil Mr. D. "Killard'" John' S H i l l , Waterford. ~ng land Brennan M r . J . Pd;iin St ree t , 14xmcoin, V i n Waterferd Brennan Smith Miss M A . 'Clifton" ,Tramcrc Co, Waterford.

*Bra&t=y M r . J. Dept. of Archaer~lofl,miversity College,Dublin 4. *Bmphy Mrs. A. "Bushe Lodgeq' , Catherine St. ,\Vaterford Bzpphy Mrs. S. 16, Floonlaun, Tramore, Cc ., Wz.terfcr6. Browne Miss J. Lhtagh, !Vaterford Brown Mr. and Mrs. T. Post Office, Kilmacthomx :Co, Waterf~rd. Buckley Mrs. M, 3, Clashrm Place, Watcrfxd Burke Mr. and Mrs . W, t'Ashlin" New Street , W~terford Byrne Mr. And 1.m. B. Bal ly~c~mlon, Fenor, Trmorc ,Waterford Byrne Mr. N. 29, South Parade, Watcr.th-l

* Cahill I&. & Mrs. P. "Ceath H i l l " Summcrville Avenue,Waterford Carey M r . J., 15, G e m Road, St. Jc;hnl S Park, IJaterford Carroll, M r . P. "Greem~ount" Crooke ,Px~sage ihst , Cc. Waterford Carroll, M r . and Mrs. S. "ir.daw", Ncwtmn, Wzterfcrd.

*Cassidy blr. 14. "Lisacul", Ela;icm Park, 'datcrford Cassin Mr. E. J. "Eden Court, Water Street , 1+kterfcrd.

~ h i l d s Mr . P. E 15, Dun An O i r , C a s t l e t r ~ y . ~ i k r i c k . Colclough Mr. B , 9, Pearse Park, Waterfard. Coady V. Rev. Archdeacon R. S. S. Peter and Paul, Clonmel , Co ,Tipperary. Coml ly Miss P. , Ballyglan House, VJoodstam,Co. \Vaterford

c C ~ ~ n e y Mr. T. 145, Rockenham, Ferrybrink, Viatzrf~rd. Cotter Mr. D. "P~~iutz:~' Springmunt ,Dunzanran, Co. Waterford County Library, Lis~wrc , CO iWerfcrd. Cmm Mr. D. Knockme, ~Uulcstown, Co. Waterford Cr,mley N r s . J. 6, Parnell Street , Waterford Croke M r . and Mrs. 208, Viewmount Park, Waterford Cuddihy M r . P. 9 , Queen Street , Tramorer Cc. Waterford Culleton Miss K. St. Killian's Place, Ferrybank, Waterford Culleton Miss M. St. Killiant S Place, Ferrybank, Waterford

- - . - C

A

Dalton Mr. P. 92 , Calderwcod R ~ a d , Dublin 9. Dalton Miss P. 5, Church Rcad, T r m r e , Co. Waterford I)e Breefny Baron Brim O'Rourke,Castletown,Carrick-on-Suir. Dillon M r . F. ' -Trespa7' , The Folly, Waterford Dobbyn Mr. J. M. 18, Rossall Drive, Cadley, I;olwc,od ,Preston LLms .England Ibolin Nr. md Mrs. D. "l~bntma",Granyc Lzwn, Xaterford Dnwling I.&. Q. G l e m r e via Waterf~rd Dowling Mr. T. 146, Viewmount Park, Waterfcxd Doyle Mr. A. 3allymcntymore Enniscorthy ,$ Cc. Wexford Duncan Mr. A. "Killea Ibuse", Dunmore East, Co. Waterford Dunne )&S. B. F~i th lcggc . Co. Waterford

' h * Eachthigcin Nr . L. Dun-on-Oir , Ncwrath , Materford * E l l i s Nr. J. "Loftus View',, -9unrm-e East j Co. Wzterfcrd.

F ~ r i z h t Canon J. L. , 8 Scafield Drivc ,Newtom i i i l l , Trmme ,CO .Natcrfwd Evans !.iiss E. ,37, blrjr~m Street W:! t e r forc

~a l ro r l e r Elr. J. 8: Limbsrd St ree t , iiiatcrford Falconer Mr. R, 6 , The Folly, Waterford

* Fanniq 14r. & Ii?rs. E. 13, 0 ' Corn11 Street ,W2terfnrd Fanning Mr. ~ 4 . 64 : P";irymo~r~t. FerrybLq& Waterford Fanning Mrs. N. Viewrrc~mt Park ,. Waterfcrd ..

Fanning Miss P. l , Xnilwzy Squcire, Waterford Farrel l blr . I . "Lime Hill' Newtcwn, W~terfcrd Farrel l Mr. R. J. , " S m e r v i l l e Iiouse" , Newtown, Fiaterfcrd

* Finnegm Fliss A. 14B, Seau St ree t , I:iatcrfc-.rd . .

Fewer Mrs. M. ::i I i l lcres t' , , Passage Rcati, Waterford . Frwer ?:Ire N. " l i i l lc rcs t i~ l : i

Fitzgerald 3lr. M. 4 9 Ti? Cctnncll Avenue:. Waterfad Fitzpatrick Xrs . E. 2 5 , S t ~ i l l i a n ' s Place ,, Ferryb~nk,Waterford

* Flood ?,fr. P , 58, Terenurc Rcad West, Dublin 6. Flynn Ars. !:I. Rcsbercm l i i l l , Ncw Rcss, Co. 'Arexfcrd. Foley Fir. P. Kncckmahon, 33mIU?shm2 Cc.. Xaterford

Galgey Hrs. l!. Duniire East, Cc. Waterfcrd * Galla~ller N r s . L. , 1 2 P.irnell Street , Viaterftlrd

Garripi Miss b!, 4 , ikll ington St ree t , ': t $10~'; Liverpool. Glynn 1<irq & Flrs. L. Yalainn" S m e r v i l l e Avenue, Waterford. Grant ML~SS P. 10, S t Clare's 11v~nue; Har:;ldl S Crc~ss Dublin 6. Griffin blr, P, Ballindud, V!atcrfnrd

Gr i f f i th P:r.&' N r s . W.. 84, ~ ~ ~ ~ o u n t , F e r r y b s n k , \Vaterford Grogan Xrs . M. 10, b~~ryrr~ount Ferryhank, 1'Jaterfurd

* Grubb I4iss C. 55, Roselmn TrCmcre H e i ~ h t s , Tr<m.cire ,Co. Waterkrd Guinness hm. Desmond, Leixlip Castle,Co. Kildare

Hallissey Mrs. K . , Ballycoe, Duqsrvan,-Co. IVatcrfcrd Harte Xiss E. M. 59, Em,Carrick--m-Suir, Cc, Timerzry Haworth Nr. K. Deyt . cf Geo~raphy , Trinity C o l l e ~ e , Ihiblin

*Henme FITS . E. 'W~ss le igh ' , Sw~merville Avenue, Wztcrford Hearne 14r. & Mrs. J. G. "Fnirview , , Trmcre, Co. Mterford Ilearne Xiss :.I. 4 , Lady Lane, Vlaterford hennebry Mrs. B. Bishqscourt , W~ter f i~ rd Iiennessy M r . C. 84, St. J c , h l s Park, WaterfcrZ Heylin M r . F. ,l?uzgh, T r m r e Rclad, Waterfor2 IioIoige Mr. E. '.Rcmxrcft"", Ursuline Rcad, thterfnrd

*Hoclze : w k . J. "Rvori1c.a.' , Ursuline Road; Holland Yr. D. 8 , Wcstern Park: I r i sh tmn, Cloniicl,Co. T ip~era ry Holinan ?fr. I). 13al lypynnemcre, Witerford Holt D r . E. 1 4 , Bynz M~rris Close, Sk@tty, Swmsca, Wales

*Horgan Mrs. E. 32 ,Cat1121 Bru~ha St ree t , Wsterfcrd *Hurley Miss R. 32, St . Mary's Terrace, Waterford Hynes Miss N. "Knockeatonl',Trmsre, Co. Waterford Jacvb Mr. & Mrs. C. H. "The Limes" John's H i l l , Waterford Jacob blr. & Mrs. C. S. "Ardmore", S m e r v i l l c Avenue, ? W e r f ~ r d

Kav,magh, ?Irs . it. 5 , King ' S Terrace, Waterford Kavanagh t4r. 8 M s . G. "R~sedalc '~ , ~ a l l a n e e & ~ h Wa terfnrd Keane Eh-. J. Xillerquile, Clcnea, Via Carrick-on-Suir. Kelly bliss F. J. Cuilin, Upper Albert Pmd, Glena~eary,Co.Dublin

*Kelly D r . J. J. Jnr . 7 , Howerd Street , Wakefield, biZass.01880,U.S.R. *Kelly itliss K. "Bella Vista'', Pr iests Road, Tramore. Co. Waterford * Kelly Miss bl. I r C i I

Kelly I4r. N. 2 :, Rice Park, Waterford Kenealy Mrs. ! l . 25, Patrick St ree t , Kilkenny

* Kennelly F&. P. 16, Cork Road, Waterford. Kervick Mrs. bI. 16, John's M i l l , Waterford Kiersey Mrs. h:. T. Ballyhussa, Kilmacthomas,Co. Waterford Killeen Mr. A. K. 2 , Endsleigh Vil las , Tramore, Co. Waterford Kinch, M r . J. 4, Pcrcy Terrace, Waterford Kirwan Mrs. 3. 112 , Cannon St ree t , Waterford

Laffan Mrs. I . 38, Cork h a d , Waterford Lanigan Mrs. K. Hartlands, Dub1 irl Road, Kilkenny Laracy TIr. & bks. W. Kilmurry, Slieverue ,via ,Waterford Lee Mrs. A. F. "Coreen", Newtown, Waterford Leechere M r . B. ,'fie l&ay, passage East , CO .'&iterford

* Lincoln Eks . S. Ardmore. Co. Waterford * LLrmley $Ir, I . ' ;Formbytq9 Daisy Terrace, Waterford * Lumley Mrs. R. " I l I t , l

Lyons 14iss M. C. 11, Copeland Grove, Clontarf, Dublin 3. Lyons Mrs. W. Rocklands, Ferrybank, Waterford

Mackin Rev. F. C. S. J. Fordham University inihiest Chester, Tarrytown, New York, U. S. A.

Elackey M r . T. 32llygu1iner?nore Grantstown, Waterford Madden ?&-S. B. 80, Rockc~lham, Fcrrybank, Waterford Madden b k . E. J. Rqmestown, Dunshaughlin, Co. Meath bhguire Mr. E. A. Dublin (I-ion) b{Aer Miss H. 120: Sweetbriar Lawn,Trmore, Co. Waterford I\hher M r . J. Kil-trassy, IVindgap, Co. Kilkenny Maher Mrs. M. "Carri g Eden" :Ncwrsth Road, Waterford

* Malachy Bro. Jklmont Park Hospital, Ferrybank Waterford Mannion D r . J . Men!orial iJniversity of Newfoundlad, St . John' S Newfoundland, Canada

* Mayes Wan, The Deane~y, Lismore, Co. Waterford * MzCarthy Very Rev. D. W. P.P.,67, Griff i th Avc.,P&rino, Eublin 9.

McCarthy Niss F. 18, Catlledral Square, Waterford ElcDonald Miss A. Newtown School, Newtown, Watcrford

* McGrath lb. D. 23, Morlcy Terrace, Waterford IkGrath bfr. T. Georgestown House, K i l l , Co. Waterford Medlycott Kr. J. Mount Temple Comprehe~lsivc School,Mala.hide RoadsDublin 3. Eleehan D r . B. c/o The Library,Trinity Collegc, Dublin Memorial University of Newfoundland, S t . John ' s ,Newfoundland, Canada Merricks Mrs. 110, lhckie Avenue, Brighton, Sussex, England Mhic hlhurchu Mrs. D. A n Linn Ellui, h Rinn,Dungarvan, Co. Waterford

* Minihan Mr. A. "Kylebeg", New Ross, Co. Wexford Minihane Mrs. B. 210, Viewmoum-t Park, Waterford Moloney Y i s s T. 71 ,' Mmor St ree t , Ihterford Moore tZr. & Mrs. S. "Gowna", Westown,Tramore, Co. Waterford Morris m. 1-1. F. 10? Wcstbury Road, London N12 7NY,England

* Mulholland Xr. J. Ballymsissala, Bonmahon, Co. liraterford Mullally Miss K. 9, The Mall, Watcrford

* ?furphy bb- . D. Tyom , Nenagh, Co. Tipperary Ebrphy M. J. A. "Ivy Lodge :' patrick' S t ree t , Tramore, Co. Waterford. Nurphy D r . M. 11. Cappoquin, Co. Waterford Murphy Mr.., S. Willfield, filmacthomas, Co. Waterford

National Museum of: Ireland: Kildare St ree t , Dublin 2 . * Newberry Libraryi 60, West k l t o n St ree t , Chicago, I l l i no i s ,U.S.A.

Neylin, Mrs. M. Derron Avcnue, South Yardley,Birmingham,England Nolan Miss A. 16, Bclmont Heights Ferrybank, Waterford

* Nolan MT. L "Creenvi lle", Fenor, ... Tramore, Co. Waterford * Norton D r . E. Westgate End House, ~ a k e f i e l d , ~ e s t Yorkshire

Nugent Mr. J. 4, Beau St ree t , Waterford

* O'Brien 14rs. D. 33, Doyk Strect , Waterford OICallaghan Mr. & Mrs, D. 20, Roselawn, 'hamore, Co. W~terford OtCallaghan bir. J. Vocational Schnol, Slicverue, Via Waterford OICaoimh Mr. D. Pun Ard, Grangc Lawn, Waterford 0 ' Ceadagan bh-. C. "Farranlea", Dunmor6 'Road, Waterford OqCionnfaidhleach Mr. D. Abbeyside, Dungarvnn, Co. Waterford 09Doherty 14r. H, "lkstont', Patf ?ck Strcet , Tr;unorc, Co. Waterford OtDoherty Rcv. S. St. Lukevs Hospital, Kilkenny OIDonnell Mr. M. " H i l i Cottage", Owning, Carrick-on-Suir,Via Waterford OIDonoghue blr. T. A. 20, Parks Road, Lismre,Co. Waterford OIDonovan M r . 8: Mrs. J. "Yarital" , Grange Lawn, Waterford OIDubhthaigh D r . B ., Dept. of Education, Hawkins House, Dubl in 2. OIDuibhir M r . L. P. 40, Shamrock I - T i l l , Clonmel, Co. Tipperary O1hyer bh-. M. College Gardens, Callan b a d , Kilkenny

* 0'Hanraha.n M r . M. 13, Greenfields, Kilkenny * 01Har3, Mrs. M. "ilrdmerc", Grange Park Crescent, Waterford

OIHara, Rl r , P, Carda Station, Portlaw, Co. Waterford .+.

OIHeocha, Pi-. C. Bushy Park, Galway * OIKeeffe b k . D. 15, Ozanam Street,Waterford

OqKecffe Mr. P. 23, Sprjngmount Road, Glanmire, Cc. Curk OILeary Mr. & Mrs. J. " C i l l Dara", Ballycarney, Tramor3 OILoughlin Mrs. A. ''Cerl-y Rath" , Vie~munt , Waterford OIV!mny P!r. & Nrs. D. 'iElmgrove" Ncwtown Rmd, Tramore

* OIVkara M r . J . 3 5 , Rclckcnl~m, Ferrybank, Waterf~rd * 09Nei l l Mr. F. 38, ,Jdmstum, !'laterford

O 1 . \ k i l l blr . J, 47, Cork Road, Waterford OINeill Mrs. M. 66, Graccdicu, Waterford OINeill M r . M. J. "Coolbunnia ~f~l-tta~e",Cheekpoint, Waterf~rd

* OINeill Miss S. 14? William Strcet, Waterfcrd * OINeill bfr. S. 38, Johnstown, Waterford

OIKegcm M r . E. 3, T i x Grove, Ferrybank, Waterford. * O f Reilly Niss E. 5, &ilwzy ' Square, Waterford * OISeancir M r . S. c/@ The Library, Trinity Co1lege:Dublin

OIShea Mr. B. 01, Sweetbriar Lawlj Tramore, Co. Waterford OISullivcm Miss S, 19, 'TIP blall, IITaterfm-d

* OISullivan bk. W. c/o The Library, Trinity Collcge, Dublin

Patterson Miss B. 37, Pembroke Ruad,Flat 5, Ballsbridge, Dublin 4. Paul Sr. Ijrsuline, Copvent, Waterford

* Pezcock Canon H,, . FT; E, , Stradbally, Co. Waterford Phelan Mr. D. Grantstmn, Waterford Phelan Fh-S. J. 74, Park, Waterford

* Phelan Mrs. F.1. XI, College Road, Kilkenny Pickard l&-, & Mrs. G.' 23, Patrick Street, Waterford. Powers M r . A. F.O.3ox 39, Aberdeen Proving Ground,Maryland 21005,U.S.A. Power Mrs. B. Ballinvoher, Ferrybrink, Waterford

* Puwer Mr. C. 1 5 , Anglesea Avenue, Blackrock, Co. Dublin * Power !&-. J. Abbeylands, Ferrybank, Waterford

Power Mr , J. Tickincor, Clonmel Co. Tipperary * Power Mrs. M. High Street , Kilmacthnmas, Co. Waterford * Power Mrs. f& Abbeylands, Ferrybank, Waterford

Power Mrs. M. Kilbride tiouse, Tramre, Co. !{aterford * Power M r . R. Ballygunncimore, GrLmtstown, Waterford

Power M r . T. Blacknock, Kilmeadcn, Co. k4terfm-d Paier M r , T. 57, hkri;in Park, Waterford Purse11 Mr. P. 39, Tirconncll .4venue9 Lismc~re L?wn, Waterford Periodicals Dcpt. Trinity Collegc Library, Dublin . Queen's University, Belfast

, , Roper I&. W. Ckvning H i l l , ~ i l r & , V i a Waterford

* Royal I r i sh Academyr 19, Dawson S twe t , pi&l'in 2. * Ryan Mrs. D. 37, Marymount, Ferrybank, W3terford

Ryan M r . M. "St. h n c l s v ' , Killincy Road, Killiney,Co. Dublin

Scanlon M r . M 40, Sallypark, Waterford Sheridan, M r . & Er3. M. 3, Tr,unore Heights, Tramore, Co. Waterford Sheridan bfr. & Mrs. T. "@arrymount", Upper Grange, Waterford Sheehan M r . B. 26, Uppe-P- Beechwood AGenue, Ranalagh, Dublin 6 . Sheridan Miss J. lu'ewtc;:.n School, Newtown, Waterford Simpson Mrs. T. Kilmacleague, Dimmore East, Co. Waterford Stafford Mrs. M. 12 , met Place, Waterford Starkey Mrs. E. " Irilishannonf ' , Cove Road, Tramore, Co. Waterford Stenson Mrs. E. 1 2 , Newport Terrace, Waterford Stanislaus Sr. M. Ursuliris Convent, Waterford Shortall Mr. & Mrs. J. 112, Viewmowit Park, Waterford Stevens &. & Mrs. R. W."Green Gates", Ballycarney, Trmore Steward I&. J , l T i ~ ~ l i ' ' g ?brim Park, Waterford Strain Mr. F. Sexton Street , Abbeyside, Dungarvan,Co. Waterford. Sullivan M r . M. Goergestown, Kilmacthomas, G,. Waterford

Taylor M. A. 36, bhrian Terrace, Tramore, Co. Ihterford Terry' Mr. W. ,The Friary, Aglish, Cap?oquin, Co. Wzterford Ihonpson Mrs. E. 11, St . Ki l l ianls Place, Rockenham,Ferrybank, Waterford Thornton F&. A. 6, John's F I i l l , Waterford Timoney Mrs. F. "Belmont" , k r i a n Park, Waterford- Trayner Mrs. M. "Cherry Cottage1', Rockshire Road, Ferrybank: Waterford Turner Miss M. "Cooleen", Church Lane, Thames Ditton, Surrey, England.

U i ~honnchadhi Mrs. E. , ~i i l h Fhuarthain, An Rim, h g a r b h a n , Co. Phortlairge Upton Mr. & Mrs. 9 9 , Momt Slon Avenue, Waterford

Verling Mrs. E. Kilronaii, Butlerstown, Waterford Virginia Sr. P.O. BOX 291, Monze, Zambia.

Walsh Mis$ A. 7, Bernard Place, Waterford Walsh Mrs. A. 46, Abbey Park, Ferrybank, Waterford Walsh M r . F. J. 74, l-hwthorndene Drive, Hawthorndene,South Australia Walsh Mrs. I. 4 , %rim Park: Waterford Walsh M r . J. J. "Cliff Grange1', Church Road, Tramore Walsh Mr. J. Vocational School, Slieverue, Via Waterford Walsh Mrs. M. 82, Ma-rymmt, Ferrybank, Waterfgrd Walsh Mr. & Mrs. R. 47, Summerville Avenue, Waterford Walton Mr. J . , ,Sutton Park School, Dublin Ware Mrs. J. 6 , St. Laurence Terrace, Waterford

- ..Wallace- Efr. P ,-S', Cypress-Grove ~ o a d , -Dublin 6 -

Waterford,Marquj S od Curraghmorc House, Port law, Co. Waterford Weir W.& :%S. E. 15, F.ockfield Park, Waterford White Miss 7, Summcrnill, Waterford Whittle Mr. J., Talbot Place, Tramore, Co. Waterf~rd

* h h i t t i e Miss M. Woodstom, Co. Waterf~rd Wigham M r . 8 Mrs. M. "Green Bank, ?ortn&ully ,Carrigeen,Waterford Williams Miss N. ~%ltown, Kilmacaw, Via Waterford Williamson Mrs. A. 1 2 , Pcrcy Terrace, Waterfcrd The Library,University College, Cork. The Library, liniversity College Maynooth, CO' ICi I r i sh Copyright Agency ,Trimty collage Library ,bi*2

O L D W A T E R F 0 R . D S O C I E T Y

SPRING PROGRAMME, 1982.

Lectures w i l l be held i n the Teachers' Centre (order of Malta all), The Quay Waterford a t 8 p.m. l

LBC ture Waterford Elections i n Thb F i r s t Half of the 19th ~ent t lkyr ,

D r . Donal ~ c ~ k r t n e ~ , W, C .D.

I

Feb. 19th t

March 12th t

March $6- :

Apr i l ,16th :

May 2nd . :

May . May 20th :

June 13th :

June 27th :

Lecture Four Seiges of Waterford.

Mr. Jaok O t # e i l l (Member).

Annual General Meeting. Notice w i l l be sen t t o members.

Lecture P o l i t i c a l Philosophy of Wolfe Tone

M r . Thomas Dunne, U.C.C.

Outing t o Glasshouse and Drumdtwney.

Speaker - M r . Des Cowman. Meet a t Ci ty Hal l a t 2.30 p.m.

Decies XX w i l l be sen t t o members.

City walk with M r . Frank Heylin.

Meet a t S t . John's Church, Parnel l S t r e e t a t 7.30 p.m.

Annual Coach Trip. Further d e t a i l s a t Annual General Veeting.

Outing t o Portlaw and Kilbulmy.

Speakers - Plr. Charles Jacob and Frank Heylin.

Meet a t Ci ty H a l l a t 2.30 p.m. ---------------p-- .Cl--

4 :

Those who have not ye t paid t h e i r 1982 subscription may do so a t m y func t ion of the Society. Intending memberscare welcome t o these meetings. The sub. f o r 1982 remains £3.00. This,may be sent t o Hon. Treasurer of. t he Old Waterford Society:

M r s . R. Lumley, 28, Daisy Terrace, Waterford. . , . . I

< . Correspondence r e DECIES should be sen t to:

M r . Noel Cassidy, Lisacul, Marian Park, Waterford.

Telephone No. 051/73l30