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DECLASSIFIED UNDER AUTHORITY OF THE INTERAGENCY SECURITY CLASSIFICATION APPEALS PANEL EO 13526 SECTION 53(b)(3)
ISCAP APPEAL NO 2009-068 document no 220 DECLASSIFICATION DATE May 142015
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SPECIAl ~AHBUHG REDUIRED This document is releasable only
to US and Canadian Nationals
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Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal
No REGCJSATELLITES -LAUNCiliintf3o DAYS s-pAc ~ltTVl[Y lIGHT $o iRmiddotjmiddotins f~o(IH j
_OIly J sate~ht )-U05=hrdmiddot -O far middottlu month middot boc idNGei COSMoS i tzmiddot ~ middot213 coMisi~io-Eioj 7 MNiis htR LAtiNCB q-~Gpsyentis ~h(lk
Pravda transIati911 debullc_r Jlig ltfgte qplt~alion Sumnai-imiddotz ed middot middot
SSESS middotKEGOStROY WHICH YiAs TOSUFMR-T +-iJ~~ thN-r sTrrLoEtAINEbmiddotm im~i~fr
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FOR OfflCmiddotIAL middotUSE ONlY
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sigmiddotnificant
intelligence
on middotspace
developmmiddotents
and trends
No Reece Satellites Launcmed in 30 nays Spac~ Activity Light so farmiddotThmiddotis Month JS1middotmiddot
A full30 daymiddot~ ha4 middotelqpsed at 10302 20 May since t~e Soviets had launched a recorinaissanoe sateUite This is the lorigemiddotst padse in tbis- proshygram since the 5~5-day sJ~middotnil dQwn ot ~l ra~uary-1 Marek tll)65 TIUs inaetivity is UriU$ilal ~Hrice AprU and May are faVQjable montlis (tbm every ~bndpoint for re~onnaissance ironlc sp9ce Th~semiddot have never been s~ack m ampnths in the Soviet recce satellite program s ~nee it became opercCtional in early- 1964 Up th~ough the ~0 AprillaUpcb of Cosfuomiddots 216 the Sovi~ts tbplusmns year had been mairitaining th~ stacent~rd p~ce of 1Q6amp and 1961 by lawtchfPg re~ce satmiddoteUites at middotthe rate opound ab0ut two per month
The reason for the pause iq not lqlow-q middot It call only be middot surmismiddotcentd that it i$ conneGted with tbe advent omiddotf a new type ot reconnaismiddots~nce ctat cp new equipmemiddotnt or ~xistlng crft~ Two reeent events sllgg~ middotstmiddot that such a ehamiddotnge or changes may bemiddot pend~g~ in the rntexests opound a mQre ~eoJ)om~c~l prcograrrn
bull The recorcJ 12-day tn~~ssion of Cosmomiddots BPS (21 Mar-Z April) incontrast w~th the normal rnis sion time of 8 days f~gtr Soviet r~cc~ satel~ites middot The discovety of a piggyback p~ylpag in associaclonvdthQosmos 208 this paytoad separateti frolIl the maiti payt0ao 8 days after lallnch and decayed 4 days aitel de-erbit of the
main paylo~d middot
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This pause in recce space lau~nch~s ~~e ems to be palt ofmiddot a ge-nerally low pemiddotriod of Sov~et space activ3ty of the past se~emiddotraJ weeks BetWeen 27 Aprilmiddotarid 20middot May there was onty 0n~middot-Soviet space 1auiicli (Cosmos ZZ0 a navaiQ middot satellltfi -laUJlched 7 MY) This- g-et+eraj llJll iolbgtwed a record 14 lauricbes (inc1~ding 1 fallute ltLuring-the Zmiddot 9~aay periQd ZS March-middot26 ~pril L96S It is not concludeq that the Sovii~t~ ~re ()ut of brea~h fJom this ~jfortIt is however pqssible that they have caught upi --1Jamiddotve launche~d allthemiddot payloads ~h~f have bemiddoten Jeady poundbr launch the~y hae for example~ their full 11quota11 omiddotf operatirtg we3tlter and_middotComiriWticatiolf~ Sat~llitesbull
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WrR 2168 24 May 1168 SEeRET
ot is Mk-eiy ~tempt
~cret One the nelld Soyiet missions tb be a tird to send
a payload around the Mo-o~n and back to ]Jarth for reeQvery all-the -prepalatioqe foT the two previous attempts (deployment of s-uppltgtrt s~ps)middot are still in middot middot evidence (NORAD) (SECRET)
1)ocking of Co_smos liz amp 2f3Complete~ middot 47 Mi fmiddotutes After launch of Cosmos 213 (U~l
Followin~middot is a N~centBAD s~~~Y trarrsllt~otion oi a TASS relea-se published in Prari~ 1 April 19M~ describing themiddot rebdezvousdocking ope~ati()ll middot P-r Cosmoses 2 l2 aiidi middot213 Orapllks on pp S0-3~ )
The automatic d~king opound Soviet satellitesmiddot ltQs~oses_ 212 and Z~3 was complet~ qmiddott about 1321 hours Moscow middottime 15 April -- 47 minutes after the launch opound 0 osmo8 213~
MethodolOgfbull There are three MQhniquemiddots fo- 1au11dhi~g two satellites into 01-bits close enough to eachmiddot other or e~cuttng aatomamptic ze nde~VOUs
1) Simultaneoull launch flotn twiG pads~ with automatic -rendezi~s
l-eginning iromediqtely after b~gtth sat~llites are in orbit Zgt) SlCcessive launches into coplana~ orbits follewed by several
orbital co~rections which briPg the satellites close together bull 3) SUccess~e launche~r with th-e erbit of the tir_$t spacecraft pr-9-shy
grammed to pasmiddots ofer the 1aun~h ppint ltgtpound the sec9nci the lamptt~ to be laWJc-hed at a tfecisely C~Q~ en tim~ SO th$ itt Wmiddot~ when iQj~cted i~to Qrbifi be close to tlte poundirst spacecaJte~
Tlt~ ~bird typ~ waa chosmiddotenbecaumiddotsemiddot it permits Uie smiddot~colfd middotsatellite t_e be injected into the corlect ()rbit with middotgrmiddot~at precision
it was J)la)$ed that botb Satellites would be launched a day apart from the same cosmodrome The Qrst satelllte Cosmtis ZlZ was to be the active11
satellite Co-sltmos 213 launched the nex~ day-l t-o be the 11 passi-vemiddot1 satellite The active satellite middotis the OT)~ hich exeeutes the maneuvers in the proc-ess of autotnatic rendezvous and xnaking contact th passiVe satellite executei only a tracking functi-on at this tlw~middot
The basic steps in the operation consistedmiddot of
1) Injection of both c-aft into orbits middotclose-enough Q~ th~m to locate each otheJ by eleetTomiddotnic rnearaquos and execmiddotute lltkk~an~
2) Aut~matit r endezvous -- appr(330-440 yards) of each othe1
ogtaching to withi~ 300-41gt0 meter$
~-middot bull
___ _~WIR 21(68 24 May 1968
bullmiddot
3) Automatic mooring11 -- approacn to the point whe-re the twp ships
ma-ke contact bymiddot small chatlg~s of sp~ed 4) Automatic dockiifg - memiddotthanie-al jlinction of tlie spacecxaft ana
link_--up of fheir e_lectrical circuits
Qhrop01ogy Co~mps 2-12 was launched -yeni-t 13lt0 hours Mo~rcow tirxlet 14 April iet1to ag 9xqit with parameters of
InclinaHon Period Amiddotpbgemiddote PeH-gee
51 7 degree-s fHL 75 minutes Z3 9 km (1G-8 n rn ) 21 o km (f13middot n m )
Gh~ck~ werethen rriade opound the satellite 1 smiddot main f1ighi systems middotnext opound its orbital pra~et~rs with a view to making any rieces-sary correctiOns priol to Jaunch opound the s ec opd s-atetlite to ins-ure that il wpu1Q pass ove-r middotthf launch point of
the se~Ogtnd satellite at a- predeter-minea~~~bital ~~titlde ~lii~ check oi parshyameters was necessitated by middotthe fact that middotdPring the firsf orbit the parameters are gr-adu~lly changed by such faCtors as the braking aotion of the Ea~th s atmosphere and middottbe ~otlspher1ci1y ofmiddottbe Earth wllikh could change in parshyticularmiddot~ the altitude of the firSt satellife in the aliea where 1-ende4vous is to beexecuted
Corrections of orbital pilrarn-~ters were rpade during the satellite 1 s fourth orlgtit Gornmands were sent from the gr-oupd~ telling the sate1Iite to stabili~e and orient itself and to exec~~e the ne~middot Efssary or -bital maneuvers
Cnslnos 213 was launched t~e next -day at 1234 houri Mosmiddotlt~w t~me This w-asmiddot dOne with a speci3l appara~u~ which wonid insure launch atmiddot the preshy
cisetime ~hemiddotteby assuring that the dis_tance betweeP thetwu middotsateilites along their OMbita1 -flight _paths would be aS prmiddotogram ~d The carrier tock~t ripound Co$~0s 213 wa$ able to cha-n_ge the inJ~cdcentn program in_erder to Gbtiain t-hmiddote Orbital altitude d-e~ir~d Otb~~a_l param~~middote middotf~ of Cosm(is 413 were middot
middot
biclination Peri6d Aopqge~
Peiigee
51 4 degrees 89 16 m~n~tes 291 lcni 5b n m ) 205 krn (110-n m middot
The two satellite$ were about 5 kllometers apart when Cosmos 213 sepa~ated froshym the carrier middotrocket their $peed di(feremiddotJltid~as lO rpeter~
(33middot yartls) per s middotec0n(_ or 1middot08 kilQ~ete-rs per Qou~- (SB kn()tsj
-middot The attitudesmiddot of ~-h~ s-atellites weie then adjust_ed i~ ~pacmiddote t elatlve to lii+e qf sight whe~eupen middotthe spacecraft b~gan to searcb poundor each o~her by eleltbqoic meanslaquo Wheti they found eacn ~ethel they 16-eked-~n and bemiddotgan the automatic rende~~ous Radaao compung-qeVi~ces pQtll~ed ~ata abott~ Jhedista~e
7 W-IR 216_8 24 May l96a
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hetwce~n th~ middot9Vo SiteiHie~_ tlteilmiddot s~~d ~etai)Ve middottc) ~acentpofl1t~r tlteir aC~ speed ~fong their line8 otcslgllJ the axigl~~ b~twee~ ti~i ~ oj sight ~ ~eir lltgtn~itWl~ ax~s~ aQd th-ejr Cl)gtilar apeeds of r-oratten middotmlit-8amp data wete ~e-middot
qui~ea for the actlve sateUitmiddote to get jnfo reii]uied B0-l~l~Jl ~-elative to~ ~s sive a atell~tebull
Automat~lt rendezvols conti~u~d HJtil th~ d~~~a~ between the satelbull Utes Jeacl)ed ~50 meters (3S5 yards) TheN xelative speed at this time was about 2 meters 6 5 f-eet per second~
Fot the automatic mobring operation th~ two sat~JUtes we-re stabilized ~l_iltive- tf) lin_e of slg~t it orfler tbat the ltto-ekingmiddot gealt o-f the two wouiltil befaeing each other andihat theil m~tua1 angles Ofmiddot li~t Would be h~ld_
Within the desir-ed limits Moo-tlting~ eruled whe~ middot the twot~~hed At tle moshyrncentnt of contaot )zhe re1ative displacement opound the ax~ of tbe doclHng ~ctilt~lls -didn~t exce~4 Qii ~ete-middotmiddotmiddot s (158 ~cti~) ~~ ~e~ ~e ~ t~~~emiddot p~ed was- oc 1 ~ 6 12 metexs ~er scecond~ Shock apsqrberJJ on t-he decti~g JJUl~gns asmiddotsUJied s-oft nreltih~tric11-l doQ~ilig Aftelt tlit- s ~t-elUt~s ~eiei p~e~~Y aligned I themiddot bull ~1-e joined $mly 10g~pieT ~~li bullthei~ juncti()ds tnatcnipgshy c 9r plu als o gtd-9els~ jcfit~ middot the eletctric~l tdi~t-s ()l the tw~ middotites ana prlb c~mubieation ~ampn poundheir equip~enis
tio~kiuj ~-s ao~pi~ted_ ctVeimiddotthe PaeificM fuihut-es afte-1 middot euro()$fno$ a13 Ttie a~tomati~ (Je~~~lt lo~k-9n r~p~~ou ~ bull
1yen _
- operat~onS 90C1llr~ (V~l middot themiddotuss~ I irnmediately aite1 Ges~~ ~~jampetiGU middot into o~rliit middot bull middot Whea ~~ twQ satelrlitea_m~middote thei7 ~fsmiddot t pas_s tgf ~her ove--r ~~
middot GQsm~s 212 trap~nrltt~(pound t-o ihte gfOVBd a TY ~g ot e middott13 Cio~ Joini~jtlJight eoo~inqcent~pound~middot_ ~ hobr~ middot MSO min 1 ciU~r~igtng e
tbullne S~~ems a~d compofle$ bulla th~ l=Wo sc( we~e t~atcoampmiddot ~
_ ___ Unlac~~_g _p~rpoundo9rl~d ~o~ co middot rom the gc~ -~t tm~t ))furs ~ middotMoampcpw tnemiddot 15 ~Rt-il pJffJ~ii~middot VSSR middotopettaioraquo ~8 ~~ititecl ~a tbe
go~d thr-ough a ~Jl middot tranan1i~ltBlon from Cosmos ~~0 ~)the dmiddot~~oeb middotmiddot oftlti two -satelli~s w~ gpeneltt ~pd spr-iAgE q_~~ tb Q ermiddotattt to bullepalgt$ e th~yvt~re~tlien i11jJtted fnto sUgh~i~~middotciifferent ltO~bits ~n which they cent~n~nu~d middotbullmiddot ~c) fly ~together t9~middot 4 more omiddotrlgtifimiddotr middotAg~wmiddot piL~middotmnmanltt from ~he pound middot the two ifatellites chang~dgttheiJ~ or-pib with-Jlimeuvers ins~~ They then eonducted scientific expe-~e11ts lat~ l re~ul7tting to Earth s~ telyenmiddot CoBbcgts 21l2 on 19 ~~tl lteosm6s aj 8 on zo )pril middot AU _tlyene cent()dipme-t d~rat-eQ nermally duri~ tlie ~ampSion Beth_ middot middot
spac~er~t eo-~intiousLy tryenIampmitt~d teiemet1y tomiddotg1oundmiddot staU-o~s o-q ther plclgv~-s ~ of th~middot ope~~tlon
Equipment The JJY~~ems fJgtr-middotorientatplusmnon and contro~ of smiddotateU~te moti~ were middote~s~iial t9 t~ ~~ion~ they d~~d t1le ~otar~ mpdonof the ~atellite alte~ selaltrationfom tli~ ~~Qeket earrier orie~ted the spla~ battedtB to the Sun
ode~ted the longitudi$1 ~is of th~ aateUite along ~lie iligllt -~t~ ~ middotedbullrrampbmiddotttiC1
~
middot middot- _ t bull - ---~-------------------~---~--------~-------~-
the orbit They enabled the satellites to find each other rendezvous and moor 11 execute the braking for de-orbit and keep it stabilized during the desceltnt
The system included accelerator-convert~r and computing dev~ces sensing elements and command devices
The sensing elements included
1) An~ular-speed sensors -- gyroscopic devices to send damping and controlling signals
2) Photoelectric sensors -- to locate the S~n amiddotnd lock onto it 3 Free gyros - - to generate signals necessary for stabilizing the
satellite during orbital correction ahd de-orbit 4) Linear-speed integrators- - to form commahds to switch Qff the
engines when closing spee4 reqahed a given value 5) ~adar - to help the satellites find and trac~ e-ch ather to
orient themselves to eacmiddoth other and to measUre diStance apart closi~g speed angular speed aleng line of s~ght and angle of mut1-1al orientation
Two types of engines we-re used
1) Rendezvous-orbital correction engine~ of comparatively large thrust able tp switch on and opound-pound several times They were used in making orbital corrections dur~g rendezvops and or retro-shyfire and de-orbit
Z Mooring and orientation e~gines of comparatively small thrust middot working in a two- position regime These were used for middotstabilizashy
tion orientatipn and 11 tnQorimiddotng
U~es of Autom--tic Rendezvqus and Do~kingmiddot Automatic ren4ezvous and dockshying have a n-imber of ~zt1pottant future uses
1) Providing space stations with relief crews life - support materials fuel and scientific equipment and supplies
2) Assmiddotembly of large spaceships under weightless conditions -- thus avoiding t)le size limitations ltrif spaceclaft impose~ by the limited size of available carrier rockets These large ships could be space stations or interplanetary crdt
3) Exploration of planets of the sola11 syslem in which the cr-aft will
bull consist of two parts -- one to orbit the planet the cgtther tcgt land - on the pl~net and c-ollect datamiddotand then to rendezvous and amiddotock
again with the other fotlowing whi~h interplanetary flight is - resuxnedt
4) Rescue of spacecraftmiddotc~ews in troublee 5) R ecepti()n and repair by space stations of craft returning flom
9 WIR 2168 24 May 1968
fiiampOrampt bull
(Fray) fONC LASSFIED~
gtlt
NCJRitD CotQmelltl$- Tb~ Cefm~s 2li 4~3 fl~~()~ti~ GlocHtmg ~as awompliShe4middot in a some-w-hat shorter tmiddotim~ tliaJl eo~mo~ lSi6 tfiS8 ope~tlou ollast October _ the former taldtrg 4 i ~Ut~amp1 ~b lattef ~6 middot middottJliliu~smiddot a~cor~to TASS a1)nolilie~shy~nmts
In botli S9yj~t le~8~zvous ahd dPcldug ltgtpepation~ the aetive satellite was launched ~St obviously SO tha~ i S By$1~ bullcentQlil~ be checked Out ertor to launCb of the middot passiv~ bullsate1Jite-kt1ie latter_ of~Olrsa MlOmiddotfftd not be launtlled ifmiddot the systems af the first craft w~re not opemiddotrating prope-rly
Shtttle S~cecI~middot~ V(iich reprffis~~ ~-biting ~Pa~e ~oni ~ould also evacuate eetnso~ ~acordll (~~ tape) aadwade at~tex-~~ as wtA1 abull tb apa~~ naen being retuJlned lo Earth bull middot middot
Soviet ref~ren~es to 1 ptterpaIj~$~y tlight sho~ aleo be ta~en to jnshydlae middotwbeX~~ ~ppropliiate lunar ~flight f~ORAfl) middot middot UNC LASSIFIED)
SSfSS lltegastrov WhichmiddotWasAo Suppart Lunar Event StHf Detained in B~razil
The K~0strov middot tp tSSESSmiddot) w~~~wd de~ained Gn -4 May by BJ~zilian a ~shy folt lntdili ~0 B~ziljan wft~a fimge 26 ttmiddottit w-eeks WtR) was still h~ldmiddot it1 porpound ot S~tos as opound e~ May
A ~soviet note Ql aprilp~ f~r ui~adwcent~ ~middot vdoJtftol qi Br~~-~t shy~jie~e alpifren~ly haa 4ailed t9 ~middotitJsfy bullthe B1 ~ --~n Navy WJiampte~middot~ _ pllobaQly heb that middottJie violation ~-s deltbe J Brazili~ -m~~tiJie cf ficial haJs re~irted stat~nts by $ovIet sn~f ander ~kol~y I~egub~~o ~hat ~ht ~egltgtstrJgtt was withoat middot~Ood aJldW~~ s~pplte~~ CWi~middot~-J~~s aeta~d according to a ~tltzilian~eowsp~~r mii~ paper cihia1middotabull ~~afmiddot~lfe ie Regoshov
a spy ship middot middotmiddot middot
Br-azU has been ineX~easingly ouch-y abalt middotf ej~en~ int~]ildOJ$ of al aziUa~wat lS byen ~Qvlet ships a~~t~llarly ~ -~~~wle_ta
Tpe ~~ost~ov is oelieved te haNe been diSj)atch~ to tli_e SoUtli 4tlantic tG Kelp monft~p an ~xpe~ct~~ o~1 ~ $)~cent~ $-~Ce~ arouna the M~ltigtn and ltaok to the Earth for ~very-shy Jfwo middot hwini(gtwf ~ a~cb an eventhave comeshy-am gone sine ~- middotde~entioJl middot legostrov -- 5 7 May ~tild 19-21 Mamiddoty Oth~ si-iamp$ reiira~ aeJlOyened i~~lie~tlanHc and tndian O~ealS for this event middotmiddot middot ClA ~ NOUD) (SECRe)
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middotmiddot
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Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal
Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal
No REGCJSATELLITES -LAUNCiliintf3o DAYS s-pAc ~ltTVl[Y lIGHT $o iRmiddotjmiddotins f~o(IH j
_OIly J sate~ht )-U05=hrdmiddot -O far middottlu month middot boc idNGei COSMoS i tzmiddot ~ middot213 coMisi~io-Eioj 7 MNiis htR LAtiNCB q-~Gpsyentis ~h(lk
Pravda transIati911 debullc_r Jlig ltfgte qplt~alion Sumnai-imiddotz ed middot middot
SSESS middotKEGOStROY WHICH YiAs TOSUFMR-T +-iJ~~ thN-r sTrrLoEtAINEbmiddotm im~i~fr
Sot~t aPolog-y lti gtlgterteigtt _yiltltation not middot acce~-igtl11 middotPr~sa bull -Ybull it wa8 a o-py _ihip
bull covER Full-px-c ~ Ql~ llliiu Wlrn Ciy piloti middotltif an undtacloaed Sciviet AP -qcii_cirltiigt- (fro_m middotmiddot
A~~- -~tTiofrn~~+i~~Emiddot9 N~l ~- ~ NOTmiddotE Fage~ lS ZcltJ ~z middot p J~ ~74Q_ 41shylaquo fmiddotthia l~~ j-~ lfo ~~K
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Portion identified as nonshyresponsive to the appeal
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FOR OfflCmiddotIAL middotUSE ONlY
-r- middotmiddot ~middot~ ~ -~~ pound-
middot-middot
sigmiddotnificant
intelligence
on middotspace
developmmiddotents
and trends
No Reece Satellites Launcmed in 30 nays Spac~ Activity Light so farmiddotThmiddotis Month JS1middotmiddot
A full30 daymiddot~ ha4 middotelqpsed at 10302 20 May since t~e Soviets had launched a recorinaissanoe sateUite This is the lorigemiddotst padse in tbis- proshygram since the 5~5-day sJ~middotnil dQwn ot ~l ra~uary-1 Marek tll)65 TIUs inaetivity is UriU$ilal ~Hrice AprU and May are faVQjable montlis (tbm every ~bndpoint for re~onnaissance ironlc sp9ce Th~semiddot have never been s~ack m ampnths in the Soviet recce satellite program s ~nee it became opercCtional in early- 1964 Up th~ough the ~0 AprillaUpcb of Cosfuomiddots 216 the Sovi~ts tbplusmns year had been mairitaining th~ stacent~rd p~ce of 1Q6amp and 1961 by lawtchfPg re~ce satmiddoteUites at middotthe rate opound ab0ut two per month
The reason for the pause iq not lqlow-q middot It call only be middot surmismiddotcentd that it i$ conneGted with tbe advent omiddotf a new type ot reconnaismiddots~nce ctat cp new equipmemiddotnt or ~xistlng crft~ Two reeent events sllgg~ middotstmiddot that such a ehamiddotnge or changes may bemiddot pend~g~ in the rntexests opound a mQre ~eoJ)om~c~l prcograrrn
bull The recorcJ 12-day tn~~ssion of Cosmomiddots BPS (21 Mar-Z April) incontrast w~th the normal rnis sion time of 8 days f~gtr Soviet r~cc~ satel~ites middot The discovety of a piggyback p~ylpag in associaclonvdthQosmos 208 this paytoad separateti frolIl the maiti payt0ao 8 days after lallnch and decayed 4 days aitel de-erbit of the
main paylo~d middot
bull
This pause in recce space lau~nch~s ~~e ems to be palt ofmiddot a ge-nerally low pemiddotriod of Sov~et space activ3ty of the past se~emiddotraJ weeks BetWeen 27 Aprilmiddotarid 20middot May there was onty 0n~middot-Soviet space 1auiicli (Cosmos ZZ0 a navaiQ middot satellltfi -laUJlched 7 MY) This- g-et+eraj llJll iolbgtwed a record 14 lauricbes (inc1~ding 1 fallute ltLuring-the Zmiddot 9~aay periQd ZS March-middot26 ~pril L96S It is not concludeq that the Sovii~t~ ~re ()ut of brea~h fJom this ~jfortIt is however pqssible that they have caught upi --1Jamiddotve launche~d allthemiddot payloads ~h~f have bemiddoten Jeady poundbr launch the~y hae for example~ their full 11quota11 omiddotf operatirtg we3tlter and_middotComiriWticatiolf~ Sat~llitesbull
bull
-middot e
-5shy
WrR 2168 24 May 1168 SEeRET
ot is Mk-eiy ~tempt
~cret One the nelld Soyiet missions tb be a tird to send
a payload around the Mo-o~n and back to ]Jarth for reeQvery all-the -prepalatioqe foT the two previous attempts (deployment of s-uppltgtrt s~ps)middot are still in middot middot evidence (NORAD) (SECRET)
1)ocking of Co_smos liz amp 2f3Complete~ middot 47 Mi fmiddotutes After launch of Cosmos 213 (U~l
Followin~middot is a N~centBAD s~~~Y trarrsllt~otion oi a TASS relea-se published in Prari~ 1 April 19M~ describing themiddot rebdezvousdocking ope~ati()ll middot P-r Cosmoses 2 l2 aiidi middot213 Orapllks on pp S0-3~ )
The automatic d~king opound Soviet satellitesmiddot ltQs~oses_ 212 and Z~3 was complet~ qmiddott about 1321 hours Moscow middottime 15 April -- 47 minutes after the launch opound 0 osmo8 213~
MethodolOgfbull There are three MQhniquemiddots fo- 1au11dhi~g two satellites into 01-bits close enough to eachmiddot other or e~cuttng aatomamptic ze nde~VOUs
1) Simultaneoull launch flotn twiG pads~ with automatic -rendezi~s
l-eginning iromediqtely after b~gtth sat~llites are in orbit Zgt) SlCcessive launches into coplana~ orbits follewed by several
orbital co~rections which briPg the satellites close together bull 3) SUccess~e launche~r with th-e erbit of the tir_$t spacecraft pr-9-shy
grammed to pasmiddots ofer the 1aun~h ppint ltgtpound the sec9nci the lamptt~ to be laWJc-hed at a tfecisely C~Q~ en tim~ SO th$ itt Wmiddot~ when iQj~cted i~to Qrbifi be close to tlte poundirst spacecaJte~
Tlt~ ~bird typ~ waa chosmiddotenbecaumiddotsemiddot it permits Uie smiddot~colfd middotsatellite t_e be injected into the corlect ()rbit with middotgrmiddot~at precision
it was J)la)$ed that botb Satellites would be launched a day apart from the same cosmodrome The Qrst satelllte Cosmtis ZlZ was to be the active11
satellite Co-sltmos 213 launched the nex~ day-l t-o be the 11 passi-vemiddot1 satellite The active satellite middotis the OT)~ hich exeeutes the maneuvers in the proc-ess of autotnatic rendezvous and xnaking contact th passiVe satellite executei only a tracking functi-on at this tlw~middot
The basic steps in the operation consistedmiddot of
1) Injection of both c-aft into orbits middotclose-enough Q~ th~m to locate each otheJ by eleetTomiddotnic rnearaquos and execmiddotute lltkk~an~
2) Aut~matit r endezvous -- appr(330-440 yards) of each othe1
ogtaching to withi~ 300-41gt0 meter$
~-middot bull
___ _~WIR 21(68 24 May 1968
bullmiddot
3) Automatic mooring11 -- approacn to the point whe-re the twp ships
ma-ke contact bymiddot small chatlg~s of sp~ed 4) Automatic dockiifg - memiddotthanie-al jlinction of tlie spacecxaft ana
link_--up of fheir e_lectrical circuits
Qhrop01ogy Co~mps 2-12 was launched -yeni-t 13lt0 hours Mo~rcow tirxlet 14 April iet1to ag 9xqit with parameters of
InclinaHon Period Amiddotpbgemiddote PeH-gee
51 7 degree-s fHL 75 minutes Z3 9 km (1G-8 n rn ) 21 o km (f13middot n m )
Gh~ck~ werethen rriade opound the satellite 1 smiddot main f1ighi systems middotnext opound its orbital pra~et~rs with a view to making any rieces-sary correctiOns priol to Jaunch opound the s ec opd s-atetlite to ins-ure that il wpu1Q pass ove-r middotthf launch point of
the se~Ogtnd satellite at a- predeter-minea~~~bital ~~titlde ~lii~ check oi parshyameters was necessitated by middotthe fact that middotdPring the firsf orbit the parameters are gr-adu~lly changed by such faCtors as the braking aotion of the Ea~th s atmosphere and middottbe ~otlspher1ci1y ofmiddottbe Earth wllikh could change in parshyticularmiddot~ the altitude of the firSt satellife in the aliea where 1-ende4vous is to beexecuted
Corrections of orbital pilrarn-~ters were rpade during the satellite 1 s fourth orlgtit Gornmands were sent from the gr-oupd~ telling the sate1Iite to stabili~e and orient itself and to exec~~e the ne~middot Efssary or -bital maneuvers
Cnslnos 213 was launched t~e next -day at 1234 houri Mosmiddotlt~w t~me This w-asmiddot dOne with a speci3l appara~u~ which wonid insure launch atmiddot the preshy
cisetime ~hemiddotteby assuring that the dis_tance betweeP thetwu middotsateilites along their OMbita1 -flight _paths would be aS prmiddotogram ~d The carrier tock~t ripound Co$~0s 213 wa$ able to cha-n_ge the inJ~cdcentn program in_erder to Gbtiain t-hmiddote Orbital altitude d-e~ir~d Otb~~a_l param~~middote middotf~ of Cosm(is 413 were middot
middot
biclination Peri6d Aopqge~
Peiigee
51 4 degrees 89 16 m~n~tes 291 lcni 5b n m ) 205 krn (110-n m middot
The two satellite$ were about 5 kllometers apart when Cosmos 213 sepa~ated froshym the carrier middotrocket their $peed di(feremiddotJltid~as lO rpeter~
(33middot yartls) per s middotec0n(_ or 1middot08 kilQ~ete-rs per Qou~- (SB kn()tsj
-middot The attitudesmiddot of ~-h~ s-atellites weie then adjust_ed i~ ~pacmiddote t elatlve to lii+e qf sight whe~eupen middotthe spacecraft b~gan to searcb poundor each o~her by eleltbqoic meanslaquo Wheti they found eacn ~ethel they 16-eked-~n and bemiddotgan the automatic rende~~ous Radaao compung-qeVi~ces pQtll~ed ~ata abott~ Jhedista~e
7 W-IR 216_8 24 May l96a
aooro=t
f I
hetwce~n th~ middot9Vo SiteiHie~_ tlteilmiddot s~~d ~etai)Ve middottc) ~acentpofl1t~r tlteir aC~ speed ~fong their line8 otcslgllJ the axigl~~ b~twee~ ti~i ~ oj sight ~ ~eir lltgtn~itWl~ ax~s~ aQd th-ejr Cl)gtilar apeeds of r-oratten middotmlit-8amp data wete ~e-middot
qui~ea for the actlve sateUitmiddote to get jnfo reii]uied B0-l~l~Jl ~-elative to~ ~s sive a atell~tebull
Automat~lt rendezvols conti~u~d HJtil th~ d~~~a~ between the satelbull Utes Jeacl)ed ~50 meters (3S5 yards) TheN xelative speed at this time was about 2 meters 6 5 f-eet per second~
Fot the automatic mobring operation th~ two sat~JUtes we-re stabilized ~l_iltive- tf) lin_e of slg~t it orfler tbat the ltto-ekingmiddot gealt o-f the two wouiltil befaeing each other andihat theil m~tua1 angles Ofmiddot li~t Would be h~ld_
Within the desir-ed limits Moo-tlting~ eruled whe~ middot the twot~~hed At tle moshyrncentnt of contaot )zhe re1ative displacement opound the ax~ of tbe doclHng ~ctilt~lls -didn~t exce~4 Qii ~ete-middotmiddotmiddot s (158 ~cti~) ~~ ~e~ ~e ~ t~~~emiddot p~ed was- oc 1 ~ 6 12 metexs ~er scecond~ Shock apsqrberJJ on t-he decti~g JJUl~gns asmiddotsUJied s-oft nreltih~tric11-l doQ~ilig Aftelt tlit- s ~t-elUt~s ~eiei p~e~~Y aligned I themiddot bull ~1-e joined $mly 10g~pieT ~~li bullthei~ juncti()ds tnatcnipgshy c 9r plu als o gtd-9els~ jcfit~ middot the eletctric~l tdi~t-s ()l the tw~ middotites ana prlb c~mubieation ~ampn poundheir equip~enis
tio~kiuj ~-s ao~pi~ted_ ctVeimiddotthe PaeificM fuihut-es afte-1 middot euro()$fno$ a13 Ttie a~tomati~ (Je~~~lt lo~k-9n r~p~~ou ~ bull
1yen _
- operat~onS 90C1llr~ (V~l middot themiddotuss~ I irnmediately aite1 Ges~~ ~~jampetiGU middot into o~rliit middot bull middot Whea ~~ twQ satelrlitea_m~middote thei7 ~fsmiddot t pas_s tgf ~her ove--r ~~
middot GQsm~s 212 trap~nrltt~(pound t-o ihte gfOVBd a TY ~g ot e middott13 Cio~ Joini~jtlJight eoo~inqcent~pound~middot_ ~ hobr~ middot MSO min 1 ciU~r~igtng e
tbullne S~~ems a~d compofle$ bulla th~ l=Wo sc( we~e t~atcoampmiddot ~
_ ___ Unlac~~_g _p~rpoundo9rl~d ~o~ co middot rom the gc~ -~t tm~t ))furs ~ middotMoampcpw tnemiddot 15 ~Rt-il pJffJ~ii~middot VSSR middotopettaioraquo ~8 ~~ititecl ~a tbe
go~d thr-ough a ~Jl middot tranan1i~ltBlon from Cosmos ~~0 ~)the dmiddot~~oeb middotmiddot oftlti two -satelli~s w~ gpeneltt ~pd spr-iAgE q_~~ tb Q ermiddotattt to bullepalgt$ e th~yvt~re~tlien i11jJtted fnto sUgh~i~~middotciifferent ltO~bits ~n which they cent~n~nu~d middotbullmiddot ~c) fly ~together t9~middot 4 more omiddotrlgtifimiddotr middotAg~wmiddot piL~middotmnmanltt from ~he pound middot the two ifatellites chang~dgttheiJ~ or-pib with-Jlimeuvers ins~~ They then eonducted scientific expe-~e11ts lat~ l re~ul7tting to Earth s~ telyenmiddot CoBbcgts 21l2 on 19 ~~tl lteosm6s aj 8 on zo )pril middot AU _tlyene cent()dipme-t d~rat-eQ nermally duri~ tlie ~ampSion Beth_ middot middot
spac~er~t eo-~intiousLy tryenIampmitt~d teiemet1y tomiddotg1oundmiddot staU-o~s o-q ther plclgv~-s ~ of th~middot ope~~tlon
Equipment The JJY~~ems fJgtr-middotorientatplusmnon and contro~ of smiddotateU~te moti~ were middote~s~iial t9 t~ ~~ion~ they d~~d t1le ~otar~ mpdonof the ~atellite alte~ selaltrationfom tli~ ~~Qeket earrier orie~ted the spla~ battedtB to the Sun
ode~ted the longitudi$1 ~is of th~ aateUite along ~lie iligllt -~t~ ~ middotedbullrrampbmiddotttiC1
~
middot middot- _ t bull - ---~-------------------~---~--------~-------~-
the orbit They enabled the satellites to find each other rendezvous and moor 11 execute the braking for de-orbit and keep it stabilized during the desceltnt
The system included accelerator-convert~r and computing dev~ces sensing elements and command devices
The sensing elements included
1) An~ular-speed sensors -- gyroscopic devices to send damping and controlling signals
2) Photoelectric sensors -- to locate the S~n amiddotnd lock onto it 3 Free gyros - - to generate signals necessary for stabilizing the
satellite during orbital correction ahd de-orbit 4) Linear-speed integrators- - to form commahds to switch Qff the
engines when closing spee4 reqahed a given value 5) ~adar - to help the satellites find and trac~ e-ch ather to
orient themselves to eacmiddoth other and to measUre diStance apart closi~g speed angular speed aleng line of s~ght and angle of mut1-1al orientation
Two types of engines we-re used
1) Rendezvous-orbital correction engine~ of comparatively large thrust able tp switch on and opound-pound several times They were used in making orbital corrections dur~g rendezvops and or retro-shyfire and de-orbit
Z Mooring and orientation e~gines of comparatively small thrust middot working in a two- position regime These were used for middotstabilizashy
tion orientatipn and 11 tnQorimiddotng
U~es of Autom--tic Rendezvqus and Do~kingmiddot Automatic ren4ezvous and dockshying have a n-imber of ~zt1pottant future uses
1) Providing space stations with relief crews life - support materials fuel and scientific equipment and supplies
2) Assmiddotembly of large spaceships under weightless conditions -- thus avoiding t)le size limitations ltrif spaceclaft impose~ by the limited size of available carrier rockets These large ships could be space stations or interplanetary crdt
3) Exploration of planets of the sola11 syslem in which the cr-aft will
bull consist of two parts -- one to orbit the planet the cgtther tcgt land - on the pl~net and c-ollect datamiddotand then to rendezvous and amiddotock
again with the other fotlowing whi~h interplanetary flight is - resuxnedt
4) Rescue of spacecraftmiddotc~ews in troublee 5) R ecepti()n and repair by space stations of craft returning flom
9 WIR 2168 24 May 1968
fiiampOrampt bull
(Fray) fONC LASSFIED~
gtlt
NCJRitD CotQmelltl$- Tb~ Cefm~s 2li 4~3 fl~~()~ti~ GlocHtmg ~as awompliShe4middot in a some-w-hat shorter tmiddotim~ tliaJl eo~mo~ lSi6 tfiS8 ope~tlou ollast October _ the former taldtrg 4 i ~Ut~amp1 ~b lattef ~6 middot middottJliliu~smiddot a~cor~to TASS a1)nolilie~shy~nmts
In botli S9yj~t le~8~zvous ahd dPcldug ltgtpepation~ the aetive satellite was launched ~St obviously SO tha~ i S By$1~ bullcentQlil~ be checked Out ertor to launCb of the middot passiv~ bullsate1Jite-kt1ie latter_ of~Olrsa MlOmiddotfftd not be launtlled ifmiddot the systems af the first craft w~re not opemiddotrating prope-rly
Shtttle S~cecI~middot~ V(iich reprffis~~ ~-biting ~Pa~e ~oni ~ould also evacuate eetnso~ ~acordll (~~ tape) aadwade at~tex-~~ as wtA1 abull tb apa~~ naen being retuJlned lo Earth bull middot middot
Soviet ref~ren~es to 1 ptterpaIj~$~y tlight sho~ aleo be ta~en to jnshydlae middotwbeX~~ ~ppropliiate lunar ~flight f~ORAfl) middot middot UNC LASSIFIED)
SSfSS lltegastrov WhichmiddotWasAo Suppart Lunar Event StHf Detained in B~razil
The K~0strov middot tp tSSESSmiddot) w~~~wd de~ained Gn -4 May by BJ~zilian a ~shy folt lntdili ~0 B~ziljan wft~a fimge 26 ttmiddottit w-eeks WtR) was still h~ldmiddot it1 porpound ot S~tos as opound e~ May
A ~soviet note Ql aprilp~ f~r ui~adwcent~ ~middot vdoJtftol qi Br~~-~t shy~jie~e alpifren~ly haa 4ailed t9 ~middotitJsfy bullthe B1 ~ --~n Navy WJiampte~middot~ _ pllobaQly heb that middottJie violation ~-s deltbe J Brazili~ -m~~tiJie cf ficial haJs re~irted stat~nts by $ovIet sn~f ander ~kol~y I~egub~~o ~hat ~ht ~egltgtstrJgtt was withoat middot~Ood aJldW~~ s~pplte~~ CWi~middot~-J~~s aeta~d according to a ~tltzilian~eowsp~~r mii~ paper cihia1middotabull ~~afmiddot~lfe ie Regoshov
a spy ship middot middotmiddot middot
Br-azU has been ineX~easingly ouch-y abalt middotf ej~en~ int~]ildOJ$ of al aziUa~wat lS byen ~Qvlet ships a~~t~llarly ~ -~~~wle_ta
Tpe ~~ost~ov is oelieved te haNe been diSj)atch~ to tli_e SoUtli 4tlantic tG Kelp monft~p an ~xpe~ct~~ o~1 ~ $)~cent~ $-~Ce~ arouna the M~ltigtn and ltaok to the Earth for ~very-shy Jfwo middot hwini(gtwf ~ a~cb an eventhave comeshy-am gone sine ~- middotde~entioJl middot legostrov -- 5 7 May ~tild 19-21 Mamiddoty Oth~ si-iamp$ reiira~ aeJlOyened i~~lie~tlanHc and tndian O~ealS for this event middotmiddot middot ClA ~ NOUD) (SECRe)
sigmiddotnificant
intelligence
on middotspace
developmmiddotents
and trends
No Reece Satellites Launcmed in 30 nays Spac~ Activity Light so farmiddotThmiddotis Month JS1middotmiddot
A full30 daymiddot~ ha4 middotelqpsed at 10302 20 May since t~e Soviets had launched a recorinaissanoe sateUite This is the lorigemiddotst padse in tbis- proshygram since the 5~5-day sJ~middotnil dQwn ot ~l ra~uary-1 Marek tll)65 TIUs inaetivity is UriU$ilal ~Hrice AprU and May are faVQjable montlis (tbm every ~bndpoint for re~onnaissance ironlc sp9ce Th~semiddot have never been s~ack m ampnths in the Soviet recce satellite program s ~nee it became opercCtional in early- 1964 Up th~ough the ~0 AprillaUpcb of Cosfuomiddots 216 the Sovi~ts tbplusmns year had been mairitaining th~ stacent~rd p~ce of 1Q6amp and 1961 by lawtchfPg re~ce satmiddoteUites at middotthe rate opound ab0ut two per month
The reason for the pause iq not lqlow-q middot It call only be middot surmismiddotcentd that it i$ conneGted with tbe advent omiddotf a new type ot reconnaismiddots~nce ctat cp new equipmemiddotnt or ~xistlng crft~ Two reeent events sllgg~ middotstmiddot that such a ehamiddotnge or changes may bemiddot pend~g~ in the rntexests opound a mQre ~eoJ)om~c~l prcograrrn
bull The recorcJ 12-day tn~~ssion of Cosmomiddots BPS (21 Mar-Z April) incontrast w~th the normal rnis sion time of 8 days f~gtr Soviet r~cc~ satel~ites middot The discovety of a piggyback p~ylpag in associaclonvdthQosmos 208 this paytoad separateti frolIl the maiti payt0ao 8 days after lallnch and decayed 4 days aitel de-erbit of the
main paylo~d middot
bull
This pause in recce space lau~nch~s ~~e ems to be palt ofmiddot a ge-nerally low pemiddotriod of Sov~et space activ3ty of the past se~emiddotraJ weeks BetWeen 27 Aprilmiddotarid 20middot May there was onty 0n~middot-Soviet space 1auiicli (Cosmos ZZ0 a navaiQ middot satellltfi -laUJlched 7 MY) This- g-et+eraj llJll iolbgtwed a record 14 lauricbes (inc1~ding 1 fallute ltLuring-the Zmiddot 9~aay periQd ZS March-middot26 ~pril L96S It is not concludeq that the Sovii~t~ ~re ()ut of brea~h fJom this ~jfortIt is however pqssible that they have caught upi --1Jamiddotve launche~d allthemiddot payloads ~h~f have bemiddoten Jeady poundbr launch the~y hae for example~ their full 11quota11 omiddotf operatirtg we3tlter and_middotComiriWticatiolf~ Sat~llitesbull
bull
-middot e
-5shy
WrR 2168 24 May 1168 SEeRET
ot is Mk-eiy ~tempt
~cret One the nelld Soyiet missions tb be a tird to send
a payload around the Mo-o~n and back to ]Jarth for reeQvery all-the -prepalatioqe foT the two previous attempts (deployment of s-uppltgtrt s~ps)middot are still in middot middot evidence (NORAD) (SECRET)
1)ocking of Co_smos liz amp 2f3Complete~ middot 47 Mi fmiddotutes After launch of Cosmos 213 (U~l
Followin~middot is a N~centBAD s~~~Y trarrsllt~otion oi a TASS relea-se published in Prari~ 1 April 19M~ describing themiddot rebdezvousdocking ope~ati()ll middot P-r Cosmoses 2 l2 aiidi middot213 Orapllks on pp S0-3~ )
The automatic d~king opound Soviet satellitesmiddot ltQs~oses_ 212 and Z~3 was complet~ qmiddott about 1321 hours Moscow middottime 15 April -- 47 minutes after the launch opound 0 osmo8 213~
MethodolOgfbull There are three MQhniquemiddots fo- 1au11dhi~g two satellites into 01-bits close enough to eachmiddot other or e~cuttng aatomamptic ze nde~VOUs
1) Simultaneoull launch flotn twiG pads~ with automatic -rendezi~s
l-eginning iromediqtely after b~gtth sat~llites are in orbit Zgt) SlCcessive launches into coplana~ orbits follewed by several
orbital co~rections which briPg the satellites close together bull 3) SUccess~e launche~r with th-e erbit of the tir_$t spacecraft pr-9-shy
grammed to pasmiddots ofer the 1aun~h ppint ltgtpound the sec9nci the lamptt~ to be laWJc-hed at a tfecisely C~Q~ en tim~ SO th$ itt Wmiddot~ when iQj~cted i~to Qrbifi be close to tlte poundirst spacecaJte~
Tlt~ ~bird typ~ waa chosmiddotenbecaumiddotsemiddot it permits Uie smiddot~colfd middotsatellite t_e be injected into the corlect ()rbit with middotgrmiddot~at precision
it was J)la)$ed that botb Satellites would be launched a day apart from the same cosmodrome The Qrst satelllte Cosmtis ZlZ was to be the active11
satellite Co-sltmos 213 launched the nex~ day-l t-o be the 11 passi-vemiddot1 satellite The active satellite middotis the OT)~ hich exeeutes the maneuvers in the proc-ess of autotnatic rendezvous and xnaking contact th passiVe satellite executei only a tracking functi-on at this tlw~middot
The basic steps in the operation consistedmiddot of
1) Injection of both c-aft into orbits middotclose-enough Q~ th~m to locate each otheJ by eleetTomiddotnic rnearaquos and execmiddotute lltkk~an~
2) Aut~matit r endezvous -- appr(330-440 yards) of each othe1
ogtaching to withi~ 300-41gt0 meter$
~-middot bull
___ _~WIR 21(68 24 May 1968
bullmiddot
3) Automatic mooring11 -- approacn to the point whe-re the twp ships
ma-ke contact bymiddot small chatlg~s of sp~ed 4) Automatic dockiifg - memiddotthanie-al jlinction of tlie spacecxaft ana
link_--up of fheir e_lectrical circuits
Qhrop01ogy Co~mps 2-12 was launched -yeni-t 13lt0 hours Mo~rcow tirxlet 14 April iet1to ag 9xqit with parameters of
InclinaHon Period Amiddotpbgemiddote PeH-gee
51 7 degree-s fHL 75 minutes Z3 9 km (1G-8 n rn ) 21 o km (f13middot n m )
Gh~ck~ werethen rriade opound the satellite 1 smiddot main f1ighi systems middotnext opound its orbital pra~et~rs with a view to making any rieces-sary correctiOns priol to Jaunch opound the s ec opd s-atetlite to ins-ure that il wpu1Q pass ove-r middotthf launch point of
the se~Ogtnd satellite at a- predeter-minea~~~bital ~~titlde ~lii~ check oi parshyameters was necessitated by middotthe fact that middotdPring the firsf orbit the parameters are gr-adu~lly changed by such faCtors as the braking aotion of the Ea~th s atmosphere and middottbe ~otlspher1ci1y ofmiddottbe Earth wllikh could change in parshyticularmiddot~ the altitude of the firSt satellife in the aliea where 1-ende4vous is to beexecuted
Corrections of orbital pilrarn-~ters were rpade during the satellite 1 s fourth orlgtit Gornmands were sent from the gr-oupd~ telling the sate1Iite to stabili~e and orient itself and to exec~~e the ne~middot Efssary or -bital maneuvers
Cnslnos 213 was launched t~e next -day at 1234 houri Mosmiddotlt~w t~me This w-asmiddot dOne with a speci3l appara~u~ which wonid insure launch atmiddot the preshy
cisetime ~hemiddotteby assuring that the dis_tance betweeP thetwu middotsateilites along their OMbita1 -flight _paths would be aS prmiddotogram ~d The carrier tock~t ripound Co$~0s 213 wa$ able to cha-n_ge the inJ~cdcentn program in_erder to Gbtiain t-hmiddote Orbital altitude d-e~ir~d Otb~~a_l param~~middote middotf~ of Cosm(is 413 were middot
middot
biclination Peri6d Aopqge~
Peiigee
51 4 degrees 89 16 m~n~tes 291 lcni 5b n m ) 205 krn (110-n m middot
The two satellite$ were about 5 kllometers apart when Cosmos 213 sepa~ated froshym the carrier middotrocket their $peed di(feremiddotJltid~as lO rpeter~
(33middot yartls) per s middotec0n(_ or 1middot08 kilQ~ete-rs per Qou~- (SB kn()tsj
-middot The attitudesmiddot of ~-h~ s-atellites weie then adjust_ed i~ ~pacmiddote t elatlve to lii+e qf sight whe~eupen middotthe spacecraft b~gan to searcb poundor each o~her by eleltbqoic meanslaquo Wheti they found eacn ~ethel they 16-eked-~n and bemiddotgan the automatic rende~~ous Radaao compung-qeVi~ces pQtll~ed ~ata abott~ Jhedista~e
7 W-IR 216_8 24 May l96a
aooro=t
f I
hetwce~n th~ middot9Vo SiteiHie~_ tlteilmiddot s~~d ~etai)Ve middottc) ~acentpofl1t~r tlteir aC~ speed ~fong their line8 otcslgllJ the axigl~~ b~twee~ ti~i ~ oj sight ~ ~eir lltgtn~itWl~ ax~s~ aQd th-ejr Cl)gtilar apeeds of r-oratten middotmlit-8amp data wete ~e-middot
qui~ea for the actlve sateUitmiddote to get jnfo reii]uied B0-l~l~Jl ~-elative to~ ~s sive a atell~tebull
Automat~lt rendezvols conti~u~d HJtil th~ d~~~a~ between the satelbull Utes Jeacl)ed ~50 meters (3S5 yards) TheN xelative speed at this time was about 2 meters 6 5 f-eet per second~
Fot the automatic mobring operation th~ two sat~JUtes we-re stabilized ~l_iltive- tf) lin_e of slg~t it orfler tbat the ltto-ekingmiddot gealt o-f the two wouiltil befaeing each other andihat theil m~tua1 angles Ofmiddot li~t Would be h~ld_
Within the desir-ed limits Moo-tlting~ eruled whe~ middot the twot~~hed At tle moshyrncentnt of contaot )zhe re1ative displacement opound the ax~ of tbe doclHng ~ctilt~lls -didn~t exce~4 Qii ~ete-middotmiddotmiddot s (158 ~cti~) ~~ ~e~ ~e ~ t~~~emiddot p~ed was- oc 1 ~ 6 12 metexs ~er scecond~ Shock apsqrberJJ on t-he decti~g JJUl~gns asmiddotsUJied s-oft nreltih~tric11-l doQ~ilig Aftelt tlit- s ~t-elUt~s ~eiei p~e~~Y aligned I themiddot bull ~1-e joined $mly 10g~pieT ~~li bullthei~ juncti()ds tnatcnipgshy c 9r plu als o gtd-9els~ jcfit~ middot the eletctric~l tdi~t-s ()l the tw~ middotites ana prlb c~mubieation ~ampn poundheir equip~enis
tio~kiuj ~-s ao~pi~ted_ ctVeimiddotthe PaeificM fuihut-es afte-1 middot euro()$fno$ a13 Ttie a~tomati~ (Je~~~lt lo~k-9n r~p~~ou ~ bull
1yen _
- operat~onS 90C1llr~ (V~l middot themiddotuss~ I irnmediately aite1 Ges~~ ~~jampetiGU middot into o~rliit middot bull middot Whea ~~ twQ satelrlitea_m~middote thei7 ~fsmiddot t pas_s tgf ~her ove--r ~~
middot GQsm~s 212 trap~nrltt~(pound t-o ihte gfOVBd a TY ~g ot e middott13 Cio~ Joini~jtlJight eoo~inqcent~pound~middot_ ~ hobr~ middot MSO min 1 ciU~r~igtng e
tbullne S~~ems a~d compofle$ bulla th~ l=Wo sc( we~e t~atcoampmiddot ~
_ ___ Unlac~~_g _p~rpoundo9rl~d ~o~ co middot rom the gc~ -~t tm~t ))furs ~ middotMoampcpw tnemiddot 15 ~Rt-il pJffJ~ii~middot VSSR middotopettaioraquo ~8 ~~ititecl ~a tbe
go~d thr-ough a ~Jl middot tranan1i~ltBlon from Cosmos ~~0 ~)the dmiddot~~oeb middotmiddot oftlti two -satelli~s w~ gpeneltt ~pd spr-iAgE q_~~ tb Q ermiddotattt to bullepalgt$ e th~yvt~re~tlien i11jJtted fnto sUgh~i~~middotciifferent ltO~bits ~n which they cent~n~nu~d middotbullmiddot ~c) fly ~together t9~middot 4 more omiddotrlgtifimiddotr middotAg~wmiddot piL~middotmnmanltt from ~he pound middot the two ifatellites chang~dgttheiJ~ or-pib with-Jlimeuvers ins~~ They then eonducted scientific expe-~e11ts lat~ l re~ul7tting to Earth s~ telyenmiddot CoBbcgts 21l2 on 19 ~~tl lteosm6s aj 8 on zo )pril middot AU _tlyene cent()dipme-t d~rat-eQ nermally duri~ tlie ~ampSion Beth_ middot middot
spac~er~t eo-~intiousLy tryenIampmitt~d teiemet1y tomiddotg1oundmiddot staU-o~s o-q ther plclgv~-s ~ of th~middot ope~~tlon
Equipment The JJY~~ems fJgtr-middotorientatplusmnon and contro~ of smiddotateU~te moti~ were middote~s~iial t9 t~ ~~ion~ they d~~d t1le ~otar~ mpdonof the ~atellite alte~ selaltrationfom tli~ ~~Qeket earrier orie~ted the spla~ battedtB to the Sun
ode~ted the longitudi$1 ~is of th~ aateUite along ~lie iligllt -~t~ ~ middotedbullrrampbmiddotttiC1
~
middot middot- _ t bull - ---~-------------------~---~--------~-------~-
the orbit They enabled the satellites to find each other rendezvous and moor 11 execute the braking for de-orbit and keep it stabilized during the desceltnt
The system included accelerator-convert~r and computing dev~ces sensing elements and command devices
The sensing elements included
1) An~ular-speed sensors -- gyroscopic devices to send damping and controlling signals
2) Photoelectric sensors -- to locate the S~n amiddotnd lock onto it 3 Free gyros - - to generate signals necessary for stabilizing the
satellite during orbital correction ahd de-orbit 4) Linear-speed integrators- - to form commahds to switch Qff the
engines when closing spee4 reqahed a given value 5) ~adar - to help the satellites find and trac~ e-ch ather to
orient themselves to eacmiddoth other and to measUre diStance apart closi~g speed angular speed aleng line of s~ght and angle of mut1-1al orientation
Two types of engines we-re used
1) Rendezvous-orbital correction engine~ of comparatively large thrust able tp switch on and opound-pound several times They were used in making orbital corrections dur~g rendezvops and or retro-shyfire and de-orbit
Z Mooring and orientation e~gines of comparatively small thrust middot working in a two- position regime These were used for middotstabilizashy
tion orientatipn and 11 tnQorimiddotng
U~es of Autom--tic Rendezvqus and Do~kingmiddot Automatic ren4ezvous and dockshying have a n-imber of ~zt1pottant future uses
1) Providing space stations with relief crews life - support materials fuel and scientific equipment and supplies
2) Assmiddotembly of large spaceships under weightless conditions -- thus avoiding t)le size limitations ltrif spaceclaft impose~ by the limited size of available carrier rockets These large ships could be space stations or interplanetary crdt
3) Exploration of planets of the sola11 syslem in which the cr-aft will
bull consist of two parts -- one to orbit the planet the cgtther tcgt land - on the pl~net and c-ollect datamiddotand then to rendezvous and amiddotock
again with the other fotlowing whi~h interplanetary flight is - resuxnedt
4) Rescue of spacecraftmiddotc~ews in troublee 5) R ecepti()n and repair by space stations of craft returning flom
9 WIR 2168 24 May 1968
fiiampOrampt bull
(Fray) fONC LASSFIED~
gtlt
NCJRitD CotQmelltl$- Tb~ Cefm~s 2li 4~3 fl~~()~ti~ GlocHtmg ~as awompliShe4middot in a some-w-hat shorter tmiddotim~ tliaJl eo~mo~ lSi6 tfiS8 ope~tlou ollast October _ the former taldtrg 4 i ~Ut~amp1 ~b lattef ~6 middot middottJliliu~smiddot a~cor~to TASS a1)nolilie~shy~nmts
In botli S9yj~t le~8~zvous ahd dPcldug ltgtpepation~ the aetive satellite was launched ~St obviously SO tha~ i S By$1~ bullcentQlil~ be checked Out ertor to launCb of the middot passiv~ bullsate1Jite-kt1ie latter_ of~Olrsa MlOmiddotfftd not be launtlled ifmiddot the systems af the first craft w~re not opemiddotrating prope-rly
Shtttle S~cecI~middot~ V(iich reprffis~~ ~-biting ~Pa~e ~oni ~ould also evacuate eetnso~ ~acordll (~~ tape) aadwade at~tex-~~ as wtA1 abull tb apa~~ naen being retuJlned lo Earth bull middot middot
Soviet ref~ren~es to 1 ptterpaIj~$~y tlight sho~ aleo be ta~en to jnshydlae middotwbeX~~ ~ppropliiate lunar ~flight f~ORAfl) middot middot UNC LASSIFIED)
SSfSS lltegastrov WhichmiddotWasAo Suppart Lunar Event StHf Detained in B~razil
The K~0strov middot tp tSSESSmiddot) w~~~wd de~ained Gn -4 May by BJ~zilian a ~shy folt lntdili ~0 B~ziljan wft~a fimge 26 ttmiddottit w-eeks WtR) was still h~ldmiddot it1 porpound ot S~tos as opound e~ May
A ~soviet note Ql aprilp~ f~r ui~adwcent~ ~middot vdoJtftol qi Br~~-~t shy~jie~e alpifren~ly haa 4ailed t9 ~middotitJsfy bullthe B1 ~ --~n Navy WJiampte~middot~ _ pllobaQly heb that middottJie violation ~-s deltbe J Brazili~ -m~~tiJie cf ficial haJs re~irted stat~nts by $ovIet sn~f ander ~kol~y I~egub~~o ~hat ~ht ~egltgtstrJgtt was withoat middot~Ood aJldW~~ s~pplte~~ CWi~middot~-J~~s aeta~d according to a ~tltzilian~eowsp~~r mii~ paper cihia1middotabull ~~afmiddot~lfe ie Regoshov
a spy ship middot middotmiddot middot
Br-azU has been ineX~easingly ouch-y abalt middotf ej~en~ int~]ildOJ$ of al aziUa~wat lS byen ~Qvlet ships a~~t~llarly ~ -~~~wle_ta
Tpe ~~ost~ov is oelieved te haNe been diSj)atch~ to tli_e SoUtli 4tlantic tG Kelp monft~p an ~xpe~ct~~ o~1 ~ $)~cent~ $-~Ce~ arouna the M~ltigtn and ltaok to the Earth for ~very-shy Jfwo middot hwini(gtwf ~ a~cb an eventhave comeshy-am gone sine ~- middotde~entioJl middot legostrov -- 5 7 May ~tild 19-21 Mamiddoty Oth~ si-iamp$ reiira~ aeJlOyened i~~lie~tlanHc and tndian O~ealS for this event middotmiddot middot ClA ~ NOUD) (SECRe)
ot is Mk-eiy ~tempt
~cret One the nelld Soyiet missions tb be a tird to send
a payload around the Mo-o~n and back to ]Jarth for reeQvery all-the -prepalatioqe foT the two previous attempts (deployment of s-uppltgtrt s~ps)middot are still in middot middot evidence (NORAD) (SECRET)
1)ocking of Co_smos liz amp 2f3Complete~ middot 47 Mi fmiddotutes After launch of Cosmos 213 (U~l
Followin~middot is a N~centBAD s~~~Y trarrsllt~otion oi a TASS relea-se published in Prari~ 1 April 19M~ describing themiddot rebdezvousdocking ope~ati()ll middot P-r Cosmoses 2 l2 aiidi middot213 Orapllks on pp S0-3~ )
The automatic d~king opound Soviet satellitesmiddot ltQs~oses_ 212 and Z~3 was complet~ qmiddott about 1321 hours Moscow middottime 15 April -- 47 minutes after the launch opound 0 osmo8 213~
MethodolOgfbull There are three MQhniquemiddots fo- 1au11dhi~g two satellites into 01-bits close enough to eachmiddot other or e~cuttng aatomamptic ze nde~VOUs
1) Simultaneoull launch flotn twiG pads~ with automatic -rendezi~s
l-eginning iromediqtely after b~gtth sat~llites are in orbit Zgt) SlCcessive launches into coplana~ orbits follewed by several
orbital co~rections which briPg the satellites close together bull 3) SUccess~e launche~r with th-e erbit of the tir_$t spacecraft pr-9-shy
grammed to pasmiddots ofer the 1aun~h ppint ltgtpound the sec9nci the lamptt~ to be laWJc-hed at a tfecisely C~Q~ en tim~ SO th$ itt Wmiddot~ when iQj~cted i~to Qrbifi be close to tlte poundirst spacecaJte~
Tlt~ ~bird typ~ waa chosmiddotenbecaumiddotsemiddot it permits Uie smiddot~colfd middotsatellite t_e be injected into the corlect ()rbit with middotgrmiddot~at precision
it was J)la)$ed that botb Satellites would be launched a day apart from the same cosmodrome The Qrst satelllte Cosmtis ZlZ was to be the active11
satellite Co-sltmos 213 launched the nex~ day-l t-o be the 11 passi-vemiddot1 satellite The active satellite middotis the OT)~ hich exeeutes the maneuvers in the proc-ess of autotnatic rendezvous and xnaking contact th passiVe satellite executei only a tracking functi-on at this tlw~middot
The basic steps in the operation consistedmiddot of
1) Injection of both c-aft into orbits middotclose-enough Q~ th~m to locate each otheJ by eleetTomiddotnic rnearaquos and execmiddotute lltkk~an~
2) Aut~matit r endezvous -- appr(330-440 yards) of each othe1
ogtaching to withi~ 300-41gt0 meter$
~-middot bull
___ _~WIR 21(68 24 May 1968
bullmiddot
3) Automatic mooring11 -- approacn to the point whe-re the twp ships
ma-ke contact bymiddot small chatlg~s of sp~ed 4) Automatic dockiifg - memiddotthanie-al jlinction of tlie spacecxaft ana
link_--up of fheir e_lectrical circuits
Qhrop01ogy Co~mps 2-12 was launched -yeni-t 13lt0 hours Mo~rcow tirxlet 14 April iet1to ag 9xqit with parameters of
InclinaHon Period Amiddotpbgemiddote PeH-gee
51 7 degree-s fHL 75 minutes Z3 9 km (1G-8 n rn ) 21 o km (f13middot n m )
Gh~ck~ werethen rriade opound the satellite 1 smiddot main f1ighi systems middotnext opound its orbital pra~et~rs with a view to making any rieces-sary correctiOns priol to Jaunch opound the s ec opd s-atetlite to ins-ure that il wpu1Q pass ove-r middotthf launch point of
the se~Ogtnd satellite at a- predeter-minea~~~bital ~~titlde ~lii~ check oi parshyameters was necessitated by middotthe fact that middotdPring the firsf orbit the parameters are gr-adu~lly changed by such faCtors as the braking aotion of the Ea~th s atmosphere and middottbe ~otlspher1ci1y ofmiddottbe Earth wllikh could change in parshyticularmiddot~ the altitude of the firSt satellife in the aliea where 1-ende4vous is to beexecuted
Corrections of orbital pilrarn-~ters were rpade during the satellite 1 s fourth orlgtit Gornmands were sent from the gr-oupd~ telling the sate1Iite to stabili~e and orient itself and to exec~~e the ne~middot Efssary or -bital maneuvers
Cnslnos 213 was launched t~e next -day at 1234 houri Mosmiddotlt~w t~me This w-asmiddot dOne with a speci3l appara~u~ which wonid insure launch atmiddot the preshy
cisetime ~hemiddotteby assuring that the dis_tance betweeP thetwu middotsateilites along their OMbita1 -flight _paths would be aS prmiddotogram ~d The carrier tock~t ripound Co$~0s 213 wa$ able to cha-n_ge the inJ~cdcentn program in_erder to Gbtiain t-hmiddote Orbital altitude d-e~ir~d Otb~~a_l param~~middote middotf~ of Cosm(is 413 were middot
middot
biclination Peri6d Aopqge~
Peiigee
51 4 degrees 89 16 m~n~tes 291 lcni 5b n m ) 205 krn (110-n m middot
The two satellite$ were about 5 kllometers apart when Cosmos 213 sepa~ated froshym the carrier middotrocket their $peed di(feremiddotJltid~as lO rpeter~
(33middot yartls) per s middotec0n(_ or 1middot08 kilQ~ete-rs per Qou~- (SB kn()tsj
-middot The attitudesmiddot of ~-h~ s-atellites weie then adjust_ed i~ ~pacmiddote t elatlve to lii+e qf sight whe~eupen middotthe spacecraft b~gan to searcb poundor each o~her by eleltbqoic meanslaquo Wheti they found eacn ~ethel they 16-eked-~n and bemiddotgan the automatic rende~~ous Radaao compung-qeVi~ces pQtll~ed ~ata abott~ Jhedista~e
7 W-IR 216_8 24 May l96a
aooro=t
f I
hetwce~n th~ middot9Vo SiteiHie~_ tlteilmiddot s~~d ~etai)Ve middottc) ~acentpofl1t~r tlteir aC~ speed ~fong their line8 otcslgllJ the axigl~~ b~twee~ ti~i ~ oj sight ~ ~eir lltgtn~itWl~ ax~s~ aQd th-ejr Cl)gtilar apeeds of r-oratten middotmlit-8amp data wete ~e-middot
qui~ea for the actlve sateUitmiddote to get jnfo reii]uied B0-l~l~Jl ~-elative to~ ~s sive a atell~tebull
Automat~lt rendezvols conti~u~d HJtil th~ d~~~a~ between the satelbull Utes Jeacl)ed ~50 meters (3S5 yards) TheN xelative speed at this time was about 2 meters 6 5 f-eet per second~
Fot the automatic mobring operation th~ two sat~JUtes we-re stabilized ~l_iltive- tf) lin_e of slg~t it orfler tbat the ltto-ekingmiddot gealt o-f the two wouiltil befaeing each other andihat theil m~tua1 angles Ofmiddot li~t Would be h~ld_
Within the desir-ed limits Moo-tlting~ eruled whe~ middot the twot~~hed At tle moshyrncentnt of contaot )zhe re1ative displacement opound the ax~ of tbe doclHng ~ctilt~lls -didn~t exce~4 Qii ~ete-middotmiddotmiddot s (158 ~cti~) ~~ ~e~ ~e ~ t~~~emiddot p~ed was- oc 1 ~ 6 12 metexs ~er scecond~ Shock apsqrberJJ on t-he decti~g JJUl~gns asmiddotsUJied s-oft nreltih~tric11-l doQ~ilig Aftelt tlit- s ~t-elUt~s ~eiei p~e~~Y aligned I themiddot bull ~1-e joined $mly 10g~pieT ~~li bullthei~ juncti()ds tnatcnipgshy c 9r plu als o gtd-9els~ jcfit~ middot the eletctric~l tdi~t-s ()l the tw~ middotites ana prlb c~mubieation ~ampn poundheir equip~enis
tio~kiuj ~-s ao~pi~ted_ ctVeimiddotthe PaeificM fuihut-es afte-1 middot euro()$fno$ a13 Ttie a~tomati~ (Je~~~lt lo~k-9n r~p~~ou ~ bull
1yen _
- operat~onS 90C1llr~ (V~l middot themiddotuss~ I irnmediately aite1 Ges~~ ~~jampetiGU middot into o~rliit middot bull middot Whea ~~ twQ satelrlitea_m~middote thei7 ~fsmiddot t pas_s tgf ~her ove--r ~~
middot GQsm~s 212 trap~nrltt~(pound t-o ihte gfOVBd a TY ~g ot e middott13 Cio~ Joini~jtlJight eoo~inqcent~pound~middot_ ~ hobr~ middot MSO min 1 ciU~r~igtng e
tbullne S~~ems a~d compofle$ bulla th~ l=Wo sc( we~e t~atcoampmiddot ~
_ ___ Unlac~~_g _p~rpoundo9rl~d ~o~ co middot rom the gc~ -~t tm~t ))furs ~ middotMoampcpw tnemiddot 15 ~Rt-il pJffJ~ii~middot VSSR middotopettaioraquo ~8 ~~ititecl ~a tbe
go~d thr-ough a ~Jl middot tranan1i~ltBlon from Cosmos ~~0 ~)the dmiddot~~oeb middotmiddot oftlti two -satelli~s w~ gpeneltt ~pd spr-iAgE q_~~ tb Q ermiddotattt to bullepalgt$ e th~yvt~re~tlien i11jJtted fnto sUgh~i~~middotciifferent ltO~bits ~n which they cent~n~nu~d middotbullmiddot ~c) fly ~together t9~middot 4 more omiddotrlgtifimiddotr middotAg~wmiddot piL~middotmnmanltt from ~he pound middot the two ifatellites chang~dgttheiJ~ or-pib with-Jlimeuvers ins~~ They then eonducted scientific expe-~e11ts lat~ l re~ul7tting to Earth s~ telyenmiddot CoBbcgts 21l2 on 19 ~~tl lteosm6s aj 8 on zo )pril middot AU _tlyene cent()dipme-t d~rat-eQ nermally duri~ tlie ~ampSion Beth_ middot middot
spac~er~t eo-~intiousLy tryenIampmitt~d teiemet1y tomiddotg1oundmiddot staU-o~s o-q ther plclgv~-s ~ of th~middot ope~~tlon
Equipment The JJY~~ems fJgtr-middotorientatplusmnon and contro~ of smiddotateU~te moti~ were middote~s~iial t9 t~ ~~ion~ they d~~d t1le ~otar~ mpdonof the ~atellite alte~ selaltrationfom tli~ ~~Qeket earrier orie~ted the spla~ battedtB to the Sun
ode~ted the longitudi$1 ~is of th~ aateUite along ~lie iligllt -~t~ ~ middotedbullrrampbmiddotttiC1
~
middot middot- _ t bull - ---~-------------------~---~--------~-------~-
the orbit They enabled the satellites to find each other rendezvous and moor 11 execute the braking for de-orbit and keep it stabilized during the desceltnt
The system included accelerator-convert~r and computing dev~ces sensing elements and command devices
The sensing elements included
1) An~ular-speed sensors -- gyroscopic devices to send damping and controlling signals
2) Photoelectric sensors -- to locate the S~n amiddotnd lock onto it 3 Free gyros - - to generate signals necessary for stabilizing the
satellite during orbital correction ahd de-orbit 4) Linear-speed integrators- - to form commahds to switch Qff the
engines when closing spee4 reqahed a given value 5) ~adar - to help the satellites find and trac~ e-ch ather to
orient themselves to eacmiddoth other and to measUre diStance apart closi~g speed angular speed aleng line of s~ght and angle of mut1-1al orientation
Two types of engines we-re used
1) Rendezvous-orbital correction engine~ of comparatively large thrust able tp switch on and opound-pound several times They were used in making orbital corrections dur~g rendezvops and or retro-shyfire and de-orbit
Z Mooring and orientation e~gines of comparatively small thrust middot working in a two- position regime These were used for middotstabilizashy
tion orientatipn and 11 tnQorimiddotng
U~es of Autom--tic Rendezvqus and Do~kingmiddot Automatic ren4ezvous and dockshying have a n-imber of ~zt1pottant future uses
1) Providing space stations with relief crews life - support materials fuel and scientific equipment and supplies
2) Assmiddotembly of large spaceships under weightless conditions -- thus avoiding t)le size limitations ltrif spaceclaft impose~ by the limited size of available carrier rockets These large ships could be space stations or interplanetary crdt
3) Exploration of planets of the sola11 syslem in which the cr-aft will
bull consist of two parts -- one to orbit the planet the cgtther tcgt land - on the pl~net and c-ollect datamiddotand then to rendezvous and amiddotock
again with the other fotlowing whi~h interplanetary flight is - resuxnedt
4) Rescue of spacecraftmiddotc~ews in troublee 5) R ecepti()n and repair by space stations of craft returning flom
9 WIR 2168 24 May 1968
fiiampOrampt bull
(Fray) fONC LASSFIED~
gtlt
NCJRitD CotQmelltl$- Tb~ Cefm~s 2li 4~3 fl~~()~ti~ GlocHtmg ~as awompliShe4middot in a some-w-hat shorter tmiddotim~ tliaJl eo~mo~ lSi6 tfiS8 ope~tlou ollast October _ the former taldtrg 4 i ~Ut~amp1 ~b lattef ~6 middot middottJliliu~smiddot a~cor~to TASS a1)nolilie~shy~nmts
In botli S9yj~t le~8~zvous ahd dPcldug ltgtpepation~ the aetive satellite was launched ~St obviously SO tha~ i S By$1~ bullcentQlil~ be checked Out ertor to launCb of the middot passiv~ bullsate1Jite-kt1ie latter_ of~Olrsa MlOmiddotfftd not be launtlled ifmiddot the systems af the first craft w~re not opemiddotrating prope-rly
Shtttle S~cecI~middot~ V(iich reprffis~~ ~-biting ~Pa~e ~oni ~ould also evacuate eetnso~ ~acordll (~~ tape) aadwade at~tex-~~ as wtA1 abull tb apa~~ naen being retuJlned lo Earth bull middot middot
Soviet ref~ren~es to 1 ptterpaIj~$~y tlight sho~ aleo be ta~en to jnshydlae middotwbeX~~ ~ppropliiate lunar ~flight f~ORAfl) middot middot UNC LASSIFIED)
SSfSS lltegastrov WhichmiddotWasAo Suppart Lunar Event StHf Detained in B~razil
The K~0strov middot tp tSSESSmiddot) w~~~wd de~ained Gn -4 May by BJ~zilian a ~shy folt lntdili ~0 B~ziljan wft~a fimge 26 ttmiddottit w-eeks WtR) was still h~ldmiddot it1 porpound ot S~tos as opound e~ May
A ~soviet note Ql aprilp~ f~r ui~adwcent~ ~middot vdoJtftol qi Br~~-~t shy~jie~e alpifren~ly haa 4ailed t9 ~middotitJsfy bullthe B1 ~ --~n Navy WJiampte~middot~ _ pllobaQly heb that middottJie violation ~-s deltbe J Brazili~ -m~~tiJie cf ficial haJs re~irted stat~nts by $ovIet sn~f ander ~kol~y I~egub~~o ~hat ~ht ~egltgtstrJgtt was withoat middot~Ood aJldW~~ s~pplte~~ CWi~middot~-J~~s aeta~d according to a ~tltzilian~eowsp~~r mii~ paper cihia1middotabull ~~afmiddot~lfe ie Regoshov
a spy ship middot middotmiddot middot
Br-azU has been ineX~easingly ouch-y abalt middotf ej~en~ int~]ildOJ$ of al aziUa~wat lS byen ~Qvlet ships a~~t~llarly ~ -~~~wle_ta
Tpe ~~ost~ov is oelieved te haNe been diSj)atch~ to tli_e SoUtli 4tlantic tG Kelp monft~p an ~xpe~ct~~ o~1 ~ $)~cent~ $-~Ce~ arouna the M~ltigtn and ltaok to the Earth for ~very-shy Jfwo middot hwini(gtwf ~ a~cb an eventhave comeshy-am gone sine ~- middotde~entioJl middot legostrov -- 5 7 May ~tild 19-21 Mamiddoty Oth~ si-iamp$ reiira~ aeJlOyened i~~lie~tlanHc and tndian O~ealS for this event middotmiddot middot ClA ~ NOUD) (SECRe)
bullmiddot
3) Automatic mooring11 -- approacn to the point whe-re the twp ships
ma-ke contact bymiddot small chatlg~s of sp~ed 4) Automatic dockiifg - memiddotthanie-al jlinction of tlie spacecxaft ana
link_--up of fheir e_lectrical circuits
Qhrop01ogy Co~mps 2-12 was launched -yeni-t 13lt0 hours Mo~rcow tirxlet 14 April iet1to ag 9xqit with parameters of
InclinaHon Period Amiddotpbgemiddote PeH-gee
51 7 degree-s fHL 75 minutes Z3 9 km (1G-8 n rn ) 21 o km (f13middot n m )
Gh~ck~ werethen rriade opound the satellite 1 smiddot main f1ighi systems middotnext opound its orbital pra~et~rs with a view to making any rieces-sary correctiOns priol to Jaunch opound the s ec opd s-atetlite to ins-ure that il wpu1Q pass ove-r middotthf launch point of
the se~Ogtnd satellite at a- predeter-minea~~~bital ~~titlde ~lii~ check oi parshyameters was necessitated by middotthe fact that middotdPring the firsf orbit the parameters are gr-adu~lly changed by such faCtors as the braking aotion of the Ea~th s atmosphere and middottbe ~otlspher1ci1y ofmiddottbe Earth wllikh could change in parshyticularmiddot~ the altitude of the firSt satellife in the aliea where 1-ende4vous is to beexecuted
Corrections of orbital pilrarn-~ters were rpade during the satellite 1 s fourth orlgtit Gornmands were sent from the gr-oupd~ telling the sate1Iite to stabili~e and orient itself and to exec~~e the ne~middot Efssary or -bital maneuvers
Cnslnos 213 was launched t~e next -day at 1234 houri Mosmiddotlt~w t~me This w-asmiddot dOne with a speci3l appara~u~ which wonid insure launch atmiddot the preshy
cisetime ~hemiddotteby assuring that the dis_tance betweeP thetwu middotsateilites along their OMbita1 -flight _paths would be aS prmiddotogram ~d The carrier tock~t ripound Co$~0s 213 wa$ able to cha-n_ge the inJ~cdcentn program in_erder to Gbtiain t-hmiddote Orbital altitude d-e~ir~d Otb~~a_l param~~middote middotf~ of Cosm(is 413 were middot
middot
biclination Peri6d Aopqge~
Peiigee
51 4 degrees 89 16 m~n~tes 291 lcni 5b n m ) 205 krn (110-n m middot
The two satellite$ were about 5 kllometers apart when Cosmos 213 sepa~ated froshym the carrier middotrocket their $peed di(feremiddotJltid~as lO rpeter~
(33middot yartls) per s middotec0n(_ or 1middot08 kilQ~ete-rs per Qou~- (SB kn()tsj
-middot The attitudesmiddot of ~-h~ s-atellites weie then adjust_ed i~ ~pacmiddote t elatlve to lii+e qf sight whe~eupen middotthe spacecraft b~gan to searcb poundor each o~her by eleltbqoic meanslaquo Wheti they found eacn ~ethel they 16-eked-~n and bemiddotgan the automatic rende~~ous Radaao compung-qeVi~ces pQtll~ed ~ata abott~ Jhedista~e
7 W-IR 216_8 24 May l96a
aooro=t
f I
hetwce~n th~ middot9Vo SiteiHie~_ tlteilmiddot s~~d ~etai)Ve middottc) ~acentpofl1t~r tlteir aC~ speed ~fong their line8 otcslgllJ the axigl~~ b~twee~ ti~i ~ oj sight ~ ~eir lltgtn~itWl~ ax~s~ aQd th-ejr Cl)gtilar apeeds of r-oratten middotmlit-8amp data wete ~e-middot
qui~ea for the actlve sateUitmiddote to get jnfo reii]uied B0-l~l~Jl ~-elative to~ ~s sive a atell~tebull
Automat~lt rendezvols conti~u~d HJtil th~ d~~~a~ between the satelbull Utes Jeacl)ed ~50 meters (3S5 yards) TheN xelative speed at this time was about 2 meters 6 5 f-eet per second~
Fot the automatic mobring operation th~ two sat~JUtes we-re stabilized ~l_iltive- tf) lin_e of slg~t it orfler tbat the ltto-ekingmiddot gealt o-f the two wouiltil befaeing each other andihat theil m~tua1 angles Ofmiddot li~t Would be h~ld_
Within the desir-ed limits Moo-tlting~ eruled whe~ middot the twot~~hed At tle moshyrncentnt of contaot )zhe re1ative displacement opound the ax~ of tbe doclHng ~ctilt~lls -didn~t exce~4 Qii ~ete-middotmiddotmiddot s (158 ~cti~) ~~ ~e~ ~e ~ t~~~emiddot p~ed was- oc 1 ~ 6 12 metexs ~er scecond~ Shock apsqrberJJ on t-he decti~g JJUl~gns asmiddotsUJied s-oft nreltih~tric11-l doQ~ilig Aftelt tlit- s ~t-elUt~s ~eiei p~e~~Y aligned I themiddot bull ~1-e joined $mly 10g~pieT ~~li bullthei~ juncti()ds tnatcnipgshy c 9r plu als o gtd-9els~ jcfit~ middot the eletctric~l tdi~t-s ()l the tw~ middotites ana prlb c~mubieation ~ampn poundheir equip~enis
tio~kiuj ~-s ao~pi~ted_ ctVeimiddotthe PaeificM fuihut-es afte-1 middot euro()$fno$ a13 Ttie a~tomati~ (Je~~~lt lo~k-9n r~p~~ou ~ bull
1yen _
- operat~onS 90C1llr~ (V~l middot themiddotuss~ I irnmediately aite1 Ges~~ ~~jampetiGU middot into o~rliit middot bull middot Whea ~~ twQ satelrlitea_m~middote thei7 ~fsmiddot t pas_s tgf ~her ove--r ~~
middot GQsm~s 212 trap~nrltt~(pound t-o ihte gfOVBd a TY ~g ot e middott13 Cio~ Joini~jtlJight eoo~inqcent~pound~middot_ ~ hobr~ middot MSO min 1 ciU~r~igtng e
tbullne S~~ems a~d compofle$ bulla th~ l=Wo sc( we~e t~atcoampmiddot ~
_ ___ Unlac~~_g _p~rpoundo9rl~d ~o~ co middot rom the gc~ -~t tm~t ))furs ~ middotMoampcpw tnemiddot 15 ~Rt-il pJffJ~ii~middot VSSR middotopettaioraquo ~8 ~~ititecl ~a tbe
go~d thr-ough a ~Jl middot tranan1i~ltBlon from Cosmos ~~0 ~)the dmiddot~~oeb middotmiddot oftlti two -satelli~s w~ gpeneltt ~pd spr-iAgE q_~~ tb Q ermiddotattt to bullepalgt$ e th~yvt~re~tlien i11jJtted fnto sUgh~i~~middotciifferent ltO~bits ~n which they cent~n~nu~d middotbullmiddot ~c) fly ~together t9~middot 4 more omiddotrlgtifimiddotr middotAg~wmiddot piL~middotmnmanltt from ~he pound middot the two ifatellites chang~dgttheiJ~ or-pib with-Jlimeuvers ins~~ They then eonducted scientific expe-~e11ts lat~ l re~ul7tting to Earth s~ telyenmiddot CoBbcgts 21l2 on 19 ~~tl lteosm6s aj 8 on zo )pril middot AU _tlyene cent()dipme-t d~rat-eQ nermally duri~ tlie ~ampSion Beth_ middot middot
spac~er~t eo-~intiousLy tryenIampmitt~d teiemet1y tomiddotg1oundmiddot staU-o~s o-q ther plclgv~-s ~ of th~middot ope~~tlon
Equipment The JJY~~ems fJgtr-middotorientatplusmnon and contro~ of smiddotateU~te moti~ were middote~s~iial t9 t~ ~~ion~ they d~~d t1le ~otar~ mpdonof the ~atellite alte~ selaltrationfom tli~ ~~Qeket earrier orie~ted the spla~ battedtB to the Sun
ode~ted the longitudi$1 ~is of th~ aateUite along ~lie iligllt -~t~ ~ middotedbullrrampbmiddotttiC1
~
middot middot- _ t bull - ---~-------------------~---~--------~-------~-
the orbit They enabled the satellites to find each other rendezvous and moor 11 execute the braking for de-orbit and keep it stabilized during the desceltnt
The system included accelerator-convert~r and computing dev~ces sensing elements and command devices
The sensing elements included
1) An~ular-speed sensors -- gyroscopic devices to send damping and controlling signals
2) Photoelectric sensors -- to locate the S~n amiddotnd lock onto it 3 Free gyros - - to generate signals necessary for stabilizing the
satellite during orbital correction ahd de-orbit 4) Linear-speed integrators- - to form commahds to switch Qff the
engines when closing spee4 reqahed a given value 5) ~adar - to help the satellites find and trac~ e-ch ather to
orient themselves to eacmiddoth other and to measUre diStance apart closi~g speed angular speed aleng line of s~ght and angle of mut1-1al orientation
Two types of engines we-re used
1) Rendezvous-orbital correction engine~ of comparatively large thrust able tp switch on and opound-pound several times They were used in making orbital corrections dur~g rendezvops and or retro-shyfire and de-orbit
Z Mooring and orientation e~gines of comparatively small thrust middot working in a two- position regime These were used for middotstabilizashy
tion orientatipn and 11 tnQorimiddotng
U~es of Autom--tic Rendezvqus and Do~kingmiddot Automatic ren4ezvous and dockshying have a n-imber of ~zt1pottant future uses
1) Providing space stations with relief crews life - support materials fuel and scientific equipment and supplies
2) Assmiddotembly of large spaceships under weightless conditions -- thus avoiding t)le size limitations ltrif spaceclaft impose~ by the limited size of available carrier rockets These large ships could be space stations or interplanetary crdt
3) Exploration of planets of the sola11 syslem in which the cr-aft will
bull consist of two parts -- one to orbit the planet the cgtther tcgt land - on the pl~net and c-ollect datamiddotand then to rendezvous and amiddotock
again with the other fotlowing whi~h interplanetary flight is - resuxnedt
4) Rescue of spacecraftmiddotc~ews in troublee 5) R ecepti()n and repair by space stations of craft returning flom
9 WIR 2168 24 May 1968
fiiampOrampt bull
(Fray) fONC LASSFIED~
gtlt
NCJRitD CotQmelltl$- Tb~ Cefm~s 2li 4~3 fl~~()~ti~ GlocHtmg ~as awompliShe4middot in a some-w-hat shorter tmiddotim~ tliaJl eo~mo~ lSi6 tfiS8 ope~tlou ollast October _ the former taldtrg 4 i ~Ut~amp1 ~b lattef ~6 middot middottJliliu~smiddot a~cor~to TASS a1)nolilie~shy~nmts
In botli S9yj~t le~8~zvous ahd dPcldug ltgtpepation~ the aetive satellite was launched ~St obviously SO tha~ i S By$1~ bullcentQlil~ be checked Out ertor to launCb of the middot passiv~ bullsate1Jite-kt1ie latter_ of~Olrsa MlOmiddotfftd not be launtlled ifmiddot the systems af the first craft w~re not opemiddotrating prope-rly
Shtttle S~cecI~middot~ V(iich reprffis~~ ~-biting ~Pa~e ~oni ~ould also evacuate eetnso~ ~acordll (~~ tape) aadwade at~tex-~~ as wtA1 abull tb apa~~ naen being retuJlned lo Earth bull middot middot
Soviet ref~ren~es to 1 ptterpaIj~$~y tlight sho~ aleo be ta~en to jnshydlae middotwbeX~~ ~ppropliiate lunar ~flight f~ORAfl) middot middot UNC LASSIFIED)
SSfSS lltegastrov WhichmiddotWasAo Suppart Lunar Event StHf Detained in B~razil
The K~0strov middot tp tSSESSmiddot) w~~~wd de~ained Gn -4 May by BJ~zilian a ~shy folt lntdili ~0 B~ziljan wft~a fimge 26 ttmiddottit w-eeks WtR) was still h~ldmiddot it1 porpound ot S~tos as opound e~ May
A ~soviet note Ql aprilp~ f~r ui~adwcent~ ~middot vdoJtftol qi Br~~-~t shy~jie~e alpifren~ly haa 4ailed t9 ~middotitJsfy bullthe B1 ~ --~n Navy WJiampte~middot~ _ pllobaQly heb that middottJie violation ~-s deltbe J Brazili~ -m~~tiJie cf ficial haJs re~irted stat~nts by $ovIet sn~f ander ~kol~y I~egub~~o ~hat ~ht ~egltgtstrJgtt was withoat middot~Ood aJldW~~ s~pplte~~ CWi~middot~-J~~s aeta~d according to a ~tltzilian~eowsp~~r mii~ paper cihia1middotabull ~~afmiddot~lfe ie Regoshov
a spy ship middot middotmiddot middot
Br-azU has been ineX~easingly ouch-y abalt middotf ej~en~ int~]ildOJ$ of al aziUa~wat lS byen ~Qvlet ships a~~t~llarly ~ -~~~wle_ta
Tpe ~~ost~ov is oelieved te haNe been diSj)atch~ to tli_e SoUtli 4tlantic tG Kelp monft~p an ~xpe~ct~~ o~1 ~ $)~cent~ $-~Ce~ arouna the M~ltigtn and ltaok to the Earth for ~very-shy Jfwo middot hwini(gtwf ~ a~cb an eventhave comeshy-am gone sine ~- middotde~entioJl middot legostrov -- 5 7 May ~tild 19-21 Mamiddoty Oth~ si-iamp$ reiira~ aeJlOyened i~~lie~tlanHc and tndian O~ealS for this event middotmiddot middot ClA ~ NOUD) (SECRe)
f I
hetwce~n th~ middot9Vo SiteiHie~_ tlteilmiddot s~~d ~etai)Ve middottc) ~acentpofl1t~r tlteir aC~ speed ~fong their line8 otcslgllJ the axigl~~ b~twee~ ti~i ~ oj sight ~ ~eir lltgtn~itWl~ ax~s~ aQd th-ejr Cl)gtilar apeeds of r-oratten middotmlit-8amp data wete ~e-middot
qui~ea for the actlve sateUitmiddote to get jnfo reii]uied B0-l~l~Jl ~-elative to~ ~s sive a atell~tebull
Automat~lt rendezvols conti~u~d HJtil th~ d~~~a~ between the satelbull Utes Jeacl)ed ~50 meters (3S5 yards) TheN xelative speed at this time was about 2 meters 6 5 f-eet per second~
Fot the automatic mobring operation th~ two sat~JUtes we-re stabilized ~l_iltive- tf) lin_e of slg~t it orfler tbat the ltto-ekingmiddot gealt o-f the two wouiltil befaeing each other andihat theil m~tua1 angles Ofmiddot li~t Would be h~ld_
Within the desir-ed limits Moo-tlting~ eruled whe~ middot the twot~~hed At tle moshyrncentnt of contaot )zhe re1ative displacement opound the ax~ of tbe doclHng ~ctilt~lls -didn~t exce~4 Qii ~ete-middotmiddotmiddot s (158 ~cti~) ~~ ~e~ ~e ~ t~~~emiddot p~ed was- oc 1 ~ 6 12 metexs ~er scecond~ Shock apsqrberJJ on t-he decti~g JJUl~gns asmiddotsUJied s-oft nreltih~tric11-l doQ~ilig Aftelt tlit- s ~t-elUt~s ~eiei p~e~~Y aligned I themiddot bull ~1-e joined $mly 10g~pieT ~~li bullthei~ juncti()ds tnatcnipgshy c 9r plu als o gtd-9els~ jcfit~ middot the eletctric~l tdi~t-s ()l the tw~ middotites ana prlb c~mubieation ~ampn poundheir equip~enis
tio~kiuj ~-s ao~pi~ted_ ctVeimiddotthe PaeificM fuihut-es afte-1 middot euro()$fno$ a13 Ttie a~tomati~ (Je~~~lt lo~k-9n r~p~~ou ~ bull
1yen _
- operat~onS 90C1llr~ (V~l middot themiddotuss~ I irnmediately aite1 Ges~~ ~~jampetiGU middot into o~rliit middot bull middot Whea ~~ twQ satelrlitea_m~middote thei7 ~fsmiddot t pas_s tgf ~her ove--r ~~
middot GQsm~s 212 trap~nrltt~(pound t-o ihte gfOVBd a TY ~g ot e middott13 Cio~ Joini~jtlJight eoo~inqcent~pound~middot_ ~ hobr~ middot MSO min 1 ciU~r~igtng e
tbullne S~~ems a~d compofle$ bulla th~ l=Wo sc( we~e t~atcoampmiddot ~
_ ___ Unlac~~_g _p~rpoundo9rl~d ~o~ co middot rom the gc~ -~t tm~t ))furs ~ middotMoampcpw tnemiddot 15 ~Rt-il pJffJ~ii~middot VSSR middotopettaioraquo ~8 ~~ititecl ~a tbe
go~d thr-ough a ~Jl middot tranan1i~ltBlon from Cosmos ~~0 ~)the dmiddot~~oeb middotmiddot oftlti two -satelli~s w~ gpeneltt ~pd spr-iAgE q_~~ tb Q ermiddotattt to bullepalgt$ e th~yvt~re~tlien i11jJtted fnto sUgh~i~~middotciifferent ltO~bits ~n which they cent~n~nu~d middotbullmiddot ~c) fly ~together t9~middot 4 more omiddotrlgtifimiddotr middotAg~wmiddot piL~middotmnmanltt from ~he pound middot the two ifatellites chang~dgttheiJ~ or-pib with-Jlimeuvers ins~~ They then eonducted scientific expe-~e11ts lat~ l re~ul7tting to Earth s~ telyenmiddot CoBbcgts 21l2 on 19 ~~tl lteosm6s aj 8 on zo )pril middot AU _tlyene cent()dipme-t d~rat-eQ nermally duri~ tlie ~ampSion Beth_ middot middot
spac~er~t eo-~intiousLy tryenIampmitt~d teiemet1y tomiddotg1oundmiddot staU-o~s o-q ther plclgv~-s ~ of th~middot ope~~tlon
Equipment The JJY~~ems fJgtr-middotorientatplusmnon and contro~ of smiddotateU~te moti~ were middote~s~iial t9 t~ ~~ion~ they d~~d t1le ~otar~ mpdonof the ~atellite alte~ selaltrationfom tli~ ~~Qeket earrier orie~ted the spla~ battedtB to the Sun
ode~ted the longitudi$1 ~is of th~ aateUite along ~lie iligllt -~t~ ~ middotedbullrrampbmiddotttiC1
~
middot middot- _ t bull - ---~-------------------~---~--------~-------~-
the orbit They enabled the satellites to find each other rendezvous and moor 11 execute the braking for de-orbit and keep it stabilized during the desceltnt
The system included accelerator-convert~r and computing dev~ces sensing elements and command devices
The sensing elements included
1) An~ular-speed sensors -- gyroscopic devices to send damping and controlling signals
2) Photoelectric sensors -- to locate the S~n amiddotnd lock onto it 3 Free gyros - - to generate signals necessary for stabilizing the
satellite during orbital correction ahd de-orbit 4) Linear-speed integrators- - to form commahds to switch Qff the
engines when closing spee4 reqahed a given value 5) ~adar - to help the satellites find and trac~ e-ch ather to
orient themselves to eacmiddoth other and to measUre diStance apart closi~g speed angular speed aleng line of s~ght and angle of mut1-1al orientation
Two types of engines we-re used
1) Rendezvous-orbital correction engine~ of comparatively large thrust able tp switch on and opound-pound several times They were used in making orbital corrections dur~g rendezvops and or retro-shyfire and de-orbit
Z Mooring and orientation e~gines of comparatively small thrust middot working in a two- position regime These were used for middotstabilizashy
tion orientatipn and 11 tnQorimiddotng
U~es of Autom--tic Rendezvqus and Do~kingmiddot Automatic ren4ezvous and dockshying have a n-imber of ~zt1pottant future uses
1) Providing space stations with relief crews life - support materials fuel and scientific equipment and supplies
2) Assmiddotembly of large spaceships under weightless conditions -- thus avoiding t)le size limitations ltrif spaceclaft impose~ by the limited size of available carrier rockets These large ships could be space stations or interplanetary crdt
3) Exploration of planets of the sola11 syslem in which the cr-aft will
bull consist of two parts -- one to orbit the planet the cgtther tcgt land - on the pl~net and c-ollect datamiddotand then to rendezvous and amiddotock
again with the other fotlowing whi~h interplanetary flight is - resuxnedt
4) Rescue of spacecraftmiddotc~ews in troublee 5) R ecepti()n and repair by space stations of craft returning flom
9 WIR 2168 24 May 1968
fiiampOrampt bull
(Fray) fONC LASSFIED~
gtlt
NCJRitD CotQmelltl$- Tb~ Cefm~s 2li 4~3 fl~~()~ti~ GlocHtmg ~as awompliShe4middot in a some-w-hat shorter tmiddotim~ tliaJl eo~mo~ lSi6 tfiS8 ope~tlou ollast October _ the former taldtrg 4 i ~Ut~amp1 ~b lattef ~6 middot middottJliliu~smiddot a~cor~to TASS a1)nolilie~shy~nmts
In botli S9yj~t le~8~zvous ahd dPcldug ltgtpepation~ the aetive satellite was launched ~St obviously SO tha~ i S By$1~ bullcentQlil~ be checked Out ertor to launCb of the middot passiv~ bullsate1Jite-kt1ie latter_ of~Olrsa MlOmiddotfftd not be launtlled ifmiddot the systems af the first craft w~re not opemiddotrating prope-rly
Shtttle S~cecI~middot~ V(iich reprffis~~ ~-biting ~Pa~e ~oni ~ould also evacuate eetnso~ ~acordll (~~ tape) aadwade at~tex-~~ as wtA1 abull tb apa~~ naen being retuJlned lo Earth bull middot middot
Soviet ref~ren~es to 1 ptterpaIj~$~y tlight sho~ aleo be ta~en to jnshydlae middotwbeX~~ ~ppropliiate lunar ~flight f~ORAfl) middot middot UNC LASSIFIED)
SSfSS lltegastrov WhichmiddotWasAo Suppart Lunar Event StHf Detained in B~razil
The K~0strov middot tp tSSESSmiddot) w~~~wd de~ained Gn -4 May by BJ~zilian a ~shy folt lntdili ~0 B~ziljan wft~a fimge 26 ttmiddottit w-eeks WtR) was still h~ldmiddot it1 porpound ot S~tos as opound e~ May
A ~soviet note Ql aprilp~ f~r ui~adwcent~ ~middot vdoJtftol qi Br~~-~t shy~jie~e alpifren~ly haa 4ailed t9 ~middotitJsfy bullthe B1 ~ --~n Navy WJiampte~middot~ _ pllobaQly heb that middottJie violation ~-s deltbe J Brazili~ -m~~tiJie cf ficial haJs re~irted stat~nts by $ovIet sn~f ander ~kol~y I~egub~~o ~hat ~ht ~egltgtstrJgtt was withoat middot~Ood aJldW~~ s~pplte~~ CWi~middot~-J~~s aeta~d according to a ~tltzilian~eowsp~~r mii~ paper cihia1middotabull ~~afmiddot~lfe ie Regoshov
a spy ship middot middotmiddot middot
Br-azU has been ineX~easingly ouch-y abalt middotf ej~en~ int~]ildOJ$ of al aziUa~wat lS byen ~Qvlet ships a~~t~llarly ~ -~~~wle_ta
Tpe ~~ost~ov is oelieved te haNe been diSj)atch~ to tli_e SoUtli 4tlantic tG Kelp monft~p an ~xpe~ct~~ o~1 ~ $)~cent~ $-~Ce~ arouna the M~ltigtn and ltaok to the Earth for ~very-shy Jfwo middot hwini(gtwf ~ a~cb an eventhave comeshy-am gone sine ~- middotde~entioJl middot legostrov -- 5 7 May ~tild 19-21 Mamiddoty Oth~ si-iamp$ reiira~ aeJlOyened i~~lie~tlanHc and tndian O~ealS for this event middotmiddot middot ClA ~ NOUD) (SECRe)
middot middot- _ t bull - ---~-------------------~---~--------~-------~-
the orbit They enabled the satellites to find each other rendezvous and moor 11 execute the braking for de-orbit and keep it stabilized during the desceltnt
The system included accelerator-convert~r and computing dev~ces sensing elements and command devices
The sensing elements included
1) An~ular-speed sensors -- gyroscopic devices to send damping and controlling signals
2) Photoelectric sensors -- to locate the S~n amiddotnd lock onto it 3 Free gyros - - to generate signals necessary for stabilizing the
satellite during orbital correction ahd de-orbit 4) Linear-speed integrators- - to form commahds to switch Qff the
engines when closing spee4 reqahed a given value 5) ~adar - to help the satellites find and trac~ e-ch ather to
orient themselves to eacmiddoth other and to measUre diStance apart closi~g speed angular speed aleng line of s~ght and angle of mut1-1al orientation
Two types of engines we-re used
1) Rendezvous-orbital correction engine~ of comparatively large thrust able tp switch on and opound-pound several times They were used in making orbital corrections dur~g rendezvops and or retro-shyfire and de-orbit
Z Mooring and orientation e~gines of comparatively small thrust middot working in a two- position regime These were used for middotstabilizashy
tion orientatipn and 11 tnQorimiddotng
U~es of Autom--tic Rendezvqus and Do~kingmiddot Automatic ren4ezvous and dockshying have a n-imber of ~zt1pottant future uses
1) Providing space stations with relief crews life - support materials fuel and scientific equipment and supplies
2) Assmiddotembly of large spaceships under weightless conditions -- thus avoiding t)le size limitations ltrif spaceclaft impose~ by the limited size of available carrier rockets These large ships could be space stations or interplanetary crdt
3) Exploration of planets of the sola11 syslem in which the cr-aft will
bull consist of two parts -- one to orbit the planet the cgtther tcgt land - on the pl~net and c-ollect datamiddotand then to rendezvous and amiddotock
again with the other fotlowing whi~h interplanetary flight is - resuxnedt
4) Rescue of spacecraftmiddotc~ews in troublee 5) R ecepti()n and repair by space stations of craft returning flom
9 WIR 2168 24 May 1968
fiiampOrampt bull
(Fray) fONC LASSFIED~
gtlt
NCJRitD CotQmelltl$- Tb~ Cefm~s 2li 4~3 fl~~()~ti~ GlocHtmg ~as awompliShe4middot in a some-w-hat shorter tmiddotim~ tliaJl eo~mo~ lSi6 tfiS8 ope~tlou ollast October _ the former taldtrg 4 i ~Ut~amp1 ~b lattef ~6 middot middottJliliu~smiddot a~cor~to TASS a1)nolilie~shy~nmts
In botli S9yj~t le~8~zvous ahd dPcldug ltgtpepation~ the aetive satellite was launched ~St obviously SO tha~ i S By$1~ bullcentQlil~ be checked Out ertor to launCb of the middot passiv~ bullsate1Jite-kt1ie latter_ of~Olrsa MlOmiddotfftd not be launtlled ifmiddot the systems af the first craft w~re not opemiddotrating prope-rly
Shtttle S~cecI~middot~ V(iich reprffis~~ ~-biting ~Pa~e ~oni ~ould also evacuate eetnso~ ~acordll (~~ tape) aadwade at~tex-~~ as wtA1 abull tb apa~~ naen being retuJlned lo Earth bull middot middot
Soviet ref~ren~es to 1 ptterpaIj~$~y tlight sho~ aleo be ta~en to jnshydlae middotwbeX~~ ~ppropliiate lunar ~flight f~ORAfl) middot middot UNC LASSIFIED)
SSfSS lltegastrov WhichmiddotWasAo Suppart Lunar Event StHf Detained in B~razil
The K~0strov middot tp tSSESSmiddot) w~~~wd de~ained Gn -4 May by BJ~zilian a ~shy folt lntdili ~0 B~ziljan wft~a fimge 26 ttmiddottit w-eeks WtR) was still h~ldmiddot it1 porpound ot S~tos as opound e~ May
A ~soviet note Ql aprilp~ f~r ui~adwcent~ ~middot vdoJtftol qi Br~~-~t shy~jie~e alpifren~ly haa 4ailed t9 ~middotitJsfy bullthe B1 ~ --~n Navy WJiampte~middot~ _ pllobaQly heb that middottJie violation ~-s deltbe J Brazili~ -m~~tiJie cf ficial haJs re~irted stat~nts by $ovIet sn~f ander ~kol~y I~egub~~o ~hat ~ht ~egltgtstrJgtt was withoat middot~Ood aJldW~~ s~pplte~~ CWi~middot~-J~~s aeta~d according to a ~tltzilian~eowsp~~r mii~ paper cihia1middotabull ~~afmiddot~lfe ie Regoshov
a spy ship middot middotmiddot middot
Br-azU has been ineX~easingly ouch-y abalt middotf ej~en~ int~]ildOJ$ of al aziUa~wat lS byen ~Qvlet ships a~~t~llarly ~ -~~~wle_ta
Tpe ~~ost~ov is oelieved te haNe been diSj)atch~ to tli_e SoUtli 4tlantic tG Kelp monft~p an ~xpe~ct~~ o~1 ~ $)~cent~ $-~Ce~ arouna the M~ltigtn and ltaok to the Earth for ~very-shy Jfwo middot hwini(gtwf ~ a~cb an eventhave comeshy-am gone sine ~- middotde~entioJl middot legostrov -- 5 7 May ~tild 19-21 Mamiddoty Oth~ si-iamp$ reiira~ aeJlOyened i~~lie~tlanHc and tndian O~ealS for this event middotmiddot middot ClA ~ NOUD) (SECRe)
(Fray) fONC LASSFIED~
gtlt
NCJRitD CotQmelltl$- Tb~ Cefm~s 2li 4~3 fl~~()~ti~ GlocHtmg ~as awompliShe4middot in a some-w-hat shorter tmiddotim~ tliaJl eo~mo~ lSi6 tfiS8 ope~tlou ollast October _ the former taldtrg 4 i ~Ut~amp1 ~b lattef ~6 middot middottJliliu~smiddot a~cor~to TASS a1)nolilie~shy~nmts
In botli S9yj~t le~8~zvous ahd dPcldug ltgtpepation~ the aetive satellite was launched ~St obviously SO tha~ i S By$1~ bullcentQlil~ be checked Out ertor to launCb of the middot passiv~ bullsate1Jite-kt1ie latter_ of~Olrsa MlOmiddotfftd not be launtlled ifmiddot the systems af the first craft w~re not opemiddotrating prope-rly
Shtttle S~cecI~middot~ V(iich reprffis~~ ~-biting ~Pa~e ~oni ~ould also evacuate eetnso~ ~acordll (~~ tape) aadwade at~tex-~~ as wtA1 abull tb apa~~ naen being retuJlned lo Earth bull middot middot
Soviet ref~ren~es to 1 ptterpaIj~$~y tlight sho~ aleo be ta~en to jnshydlae middotwbeX~~ ~ppropliiate lunar ~flight f~ORAfl) middot middot UNC LASSIFIED)
SSfSS lltegastrov WhichmiddotWasAo Suppart Lunar Event StHf Detained in B~razil
The K~0strov middot tp tSSESSmiddot) w~~~wd de~ained Gn -4 May by BJ~zilian a ~shy folt lntdili ~0 B~ziljan wft~a fimge 26 ttmiddottit w-eeks WtR) was still h~ldmiddot it1 porpound ot S~tos as opound e~ May
A ~soviet note Ql aprilp~ f~r ui~adwcent~ ~middot vdoJtftol qi Br~~-~t shy~jie~e alpifren~ly haa 4ailed t9 ~middotitJsfy bullthe B1 ~ --~n Navy WJiampte~middot~ _ pllobaQly heb that middottJie violation ~-s deltbe J Brazili~ -m~~tiJie cf ficial haJs re~irted stat~nts by $ovIet sn~f ander ~kol~y I~egub~~o ~hat ~ht ~egltgtstrJgtt was withoat middot~Ood aJldW~~ s~pplte~~ CWi~middot~-J~~s aeta~d according to a ~tltzilian~eowsp~~r mii~ paper cihia1middotabull ~~afmiddot~lfe ie Regoshov
a spy ship middot middotmiddot middot
Br-azU has been ineX~easingly ouch-y abalt middotf ej~en~ int~]ildOJ$ of al aziUa~wat lS byen ~Qvlet ships a~~t~llarly ~ -~~~wle_ta
Tpe ~~ost~ov is oelieved te haNe been diSj)atch~ to tli_e SoUtli 4tlantic tG Kelp monft~p an ~xpe~ct~~ o~1 ~ $)~cent~ $-~Ce~ arouna the M~ltigtn and ltaok to the Earth for ~very-shy Jfwo middot hwini(gtwf ~ a~cb an eventhave comeshy-am gone sine ~- middotde~entioJl middot legostrov -- 5 7 May ~tild 19-21 Mamiddoty Oth~ si-iamp$ reiira~ aeJlOyened i~~lie~tlanHc and tndian O~ealS for this event middotmiddot middot ClA ~ NOUD) (SECRe)
![Declassified Cable: wh-74-0523[3]](https://static.documents.pub/doc/80x56/577d2f5f1a28ab4e1eb18882/declassified-cable-wh-74-05233.jpg)
