DEFENSIVE AND COMPETITIVE BIDDING LEADS AND SIGNALS W B F CONVENTION CARD

VS. 1-LEVEL SUIT OPENER (Style: Responses:Reopening) OPENING LEADS STYLE CATEGORY:

Simple Suit Overcalls Leads vs Own suit Partner’s suit 2015-07-09

1-level may be 4-crd suit (re-bidding RHO’s minor is nat) Suit contract 4th from H, or 2nd without Highest if supported (O)

2-level is intermediate to quite strong (X will follow latter) NT contract As above Std count if not PLAYERS:

In Protective seat may be 4 card suit (even at 2-level) Subsequent As above As above MARTIN GRUNDER

Responses: IMTIAZ KAPREY

New suit by unpassed p = F1; by passed p implies fit ; HONOUR LEADS SYSTEM SUMMARY

1NT = 8-10; 2NT=11-13; UCB = good raise Lead Vs. Suit Vs. NT GENERAL APPROACH AND STYLE

Simple NT Overcall A/Q/J Asks uda Asks uda 2/1, 5crd Majors, 4crd D, C approach, 15-17 NT

Direct seat = 15/18 King Asks udc Asks unblock/udc Aggressively competitive, UDCA

Protective seat = 11/14 T/9 Shows 2/0 higher Shows 2/0 higher SPECIAL BIDS THAT MAY REQUIRE DEFENSE

Responses: Michaels [1]

System On SIGNALS IN ORDER OF PRIORITY Leaping Michaels [ 2 ]

Jump Overcalls Partner’s Lead Declarer’s Lead Discarding Lebensohl [3]

2NT – lower 2 suits (weak or strong) SUIT 1 Uda or suit pref Udc Uda Check Forcing and non-forcing [4]

4 of a minor = that minor and a (other) Major 2 Udc Udc Udc 2 way Drury [5]

2/3 of a Suit = WJO (like weak 2/3 openings) 3 Minorwood [6]

Responses: NT 1 Uda or suit pref Smth echo Uda Kickback [7]

New suit = F1; 3NT to play 2 S/P Udc Udc Keycard 14/30 & Exclusion Blackwood [7A]

Cue Bids Serious +Non Serious SlamTries [8]

Simple Cue of a minor = MAJORS Signals (including Trumps): Suit Pref BERGEN [9]

Simple Cue of a major = oM & a minor (weak or strong) ONE UNDER BIDS AFTER X OF A MAJOR [10]

Direct Cue at 3-level = stopper ask DOUBLES Smolen after 2c [11]

Take Out Double GENERAL RULE Checkback after 2 C opening [12]

Responses: In principle all DBL’s are for T/O, except Transfers & super accept [13]

Jump = 8-10, 4crd; Dbl Jump = 8-10, 5-crd 1. X of a weak NT is penalty Retransfers [14]

Cue of opener’s suit = 11+; NT bid = Natural – 8-10 2. Partner has pre-empted GOOD BAD NT [15]

VS. NT (vs. Strong/Weak; Reopening) 3. A t/o X has previously been converted Overcaller jumps to 4 of openers suit [16]

vs Strong NT =Hamilton where x = 5/6m + 4M 4. All X’s after a penalty XX is for penalties Journalist and other leads [17]

vs Weak NT = Hamilton 5. X of a 4-level opening is optional Other special bids [18A & 18B]

X = Penalty; 2C = Majors; 2D = 1-suiter 6. X of cue bids or artificial bids are lead directional 1c (us) 1d (opps)..subsequent actions [19]

2M = M/m 2-suiter; 2N = minors 7. Lightener X Inverted Minors [20]

vs Protective NT = X shows good hand Cue bid raises,Mixed raises & fit jumps [21]

VS.PREEMPTS (Doubles; Cue-bids; Jumps; NT Bids) RONT [22]

X: up to 3-level = T/O; 4+level = optional Smollen Puppet Stayman Special Bid [23]

Cue at the 3-level is stopper ask Italian cuebids showing 1st and 2nd round controls

Cue of a minor at the 4-level = Majors (Michaels) Splinters

4 of a minor = that minor and a (other) Major Weak 2DHS

(Leaping and non-leaping Michaels) SPECIAL, ARTIFICIAL & COMPETITIVE DBLS/RDLS

4N over 2/3M = minors Negative; Responsive; Co-operative; Penalty; Support;

4N over any 4-level bid = 2 of the other suits Lead directional; Sacrifice; Protective SPECIAL FORCING PASS SEQUENCES

VS. ARTIFICIAL STRONG OPENINGS- i.e. 1 or 2 When we have shown game values in competition

X=Majors NT= Minors IMPORTANT NOTES

OVER OPPONENTS’ TAKEOUT DOUBLE See attached sheet

XX; Trf raise; System of raises on PSYCHICS

Rare

OP

EN

ING

AR

TIF

ICIA

L?

MIN

. L

EN

GT

H

NE

G.

DB

L T

O M=Major; m=minor; oM=other Major; om=other minor; JS=Jump Shift; DJS=Double Jump Shift; Trf=Transfer; p/c=Pass/correct

COMPETITIVE & PASSED

HAND BIDDING

NO

TE

S

NF=Non-forcing; SF=Semi-forcing; GF=Game force; F1=Forcing for 1 round; inv=Invitational; GT=Game try; ST=Slam try

dbl’tn=doubleton;

DESCRIPTION RESPONSES SUBSEQUENT ACTION

1 Y 2 3 12HCP-<GF 1 - 1 – May be bid on 3crd if too weak for 1N (5-7)

We open 1 with 4/4 in the m’s unless suit quality dictates otherwise. We often open 1 with 4 /5 then rebidding 2 if NT rebid is flawed (alertable)

1 - 1N = 8-10; denies 4crdM

1 N 4 3 1 - 1N = 6-10; denies 4crdM

1 / = 4+crd, F1; over 1 may conceal longer ’s if < inv 1N[1]; 2M[2]; Reverse[3]; 2NT[4]

Simple raise = 4+crd support; denies 4crdM, F3m Min: 2N=bal; 3m=unbal[5]; 2m+1=GF relay[5]

Non-min: 3new=nat; JS=splinter; 3N=bal

JS in om [2 /3 ] = inv

JS in M’s [2 / ] = Weak (3-7); 6+crd suit

2N = 10-12; denies 4crdM

Jump raise = Weak (3-7); 5+crd support

DJS = Splinters; limited hands 6+crd support; denies 4crdM

1 / N 5 3 4

May be 4crd in 3rd 1N = F1; 2M = constr 1M-1N[6/7]; 1M-2M[8] Drury [12]

Bal 4crd raises: 2M+1 = GF; 2M+4 = 8-LTC 1 -2 [7]; 1 -2N[8] Mini Splinter [12]

Splinters: 2M+2/3 = 8-LTC; 3M+/2/3/4 = shortage GF 1 -2N[9]; 1 -3 [10]

3M+1 = undisclosed void, GF; 3/4M = tactical 1 -3 [11]; 1 -3N[11]

INT N 15-17; May contain 2 = Puppet Stayman 3 =Simpson/3 =5/5 in M’s/3M=Smolen

- 5crdM 2 / / /N = Trf’s With Super Accepts

- 6crdm 3 / = 4crd suit, 5crdom, 3/1 in M’s; 3 / =1-suited ST

- singleton A/K 4 = Gerber / 4NT = Quantitative

4 / = Trf, Weak Or Strong (ST); 4 =minors

2 Y 0 G/F Except 2 = 1+ controls or 2xQ’s 2 =Kokish[13]; 2N=22-23; 3M=4crd with 5+crd

after 2NT rebid 2 = Negative

2 /2N( )/3 / = 6+crd suit, 2 of top 3, or 3 of top 5 hons

2 2 /

N 5 Weak All Responses F1

2NT = Enquiry

3suit N 6 Natural New Suit Forcing Optional

3N Y 8 Trick Hand Major Bid 4H =Pass Or Correct

4C Asks If P Has Outside Ace 4H/S Denies 4D Shows Ace

4suit N 7 8 Card Pre-empt Natural

4N Y Minors High Level Bidding

5suit N Pre-empt DOPI & ROPI

NOTES

1 MICHAELS CUE OF MAJOR =OTHER MAJOR + MINOR 1CL – 2NT =D + H 1D - 2NT =CL + H

2 LEAPING MICHAELS

AFTER WEAK 2 or DUTCH 2 or MULTI -JUMP TO 4 OF A MINOR SHOWS OTHER MAJOR + THAT MINOR

3 LEBENSOHL 2NT –RELAY TO 3CL AFTER 1NT -2H 2NT AFTER X OF WEAK 2 or MULTI

4 CHECK BACK STAYMAN 2CL = N/F 2D = F

5 2 WAY DRURY 2CL =9-11 WITH 4 TRUMPS 2D =9-11 WITH 3 TRUMPS

6 MINORWOOD 4 CL –MINORWOOD IN CL’s 4 D - MINORWOOD IN D’s

7 KICKBACK 4S –BLACKWOOD IN H’S

7A

REV KCARD EXCLUSION

8 SERIOUS & NON SERIOUS SLAM TRIES

IN H’s 3 S = SST ANY OTHER BID IS NON SERIOUS CUE IN S’s -3NT = SST & ANY OTHER BID IS NON-SERIOUS CUE

9 BERGEN RAISES after 1st or 2nd major opening

1M 3M = 6 or < pts + 4M 2M =8-10 pts + 3M 1M 3CL =6-9 pts +4M 3D =10-11pts + 4M 3NT = 12-15 Pts ,flat hand -3M 2NT = JACOBY -4M -12 OR > Pts

10 ONE UNDER BIDS AFTER a X OF 1M

1S X 2H =8-10 + 3S 3CL/D =BERGEN if 1st or 2nd Seat Opener 2CL =DRURY if 3RD OR 4TH Seat Opener XX =XXS -9-11 Pts 2NT = 10-11 Pts + 3S 3NT =12 or > pts + 3 or 4 S 1H X 2D = 8-10 + 3H ALL OTHER BIDS AS ABOVE

11 SMOLEN AFTER 2CL 2CL 2D 3M Shows 5 or 6 D + 4M

12 CHECK BACK AFTER 2CL 2CL 2D 3CL 3D asking for a 4 card major

13 Transfers & Super Accept 1NT 2H 3S 4S + MIN 2NT 4S + Flat hand or worthless XX MAX 3CL/D/H 4S =A or KX MAX 1NT 2S =T/F to CL’s 2NT =SUPER ACCEPT 1NT 2NT =T/F to D’s 3CL =SUPER ACCEPT

14 RETRANSFERS 1NT 2H 3CL Super accept 3H RETRANSFER

15 GOOD BAD 2NT 1H 1S 2D 2S 2NT GOOD/BAD 3CL/D GOOD HAND

16 If overcaller jumps to 4 of Openers suit EG 1CL 4CL 1D 4D 1H 4H

LONG EITHER MAJOR WITH OUTSIDE TRICKS As Above S SUIT

Partner bids lower major –Pass or correct

17 JOURNALIST & OTHER LEADS

Lead of 10 promises J + 1 higher or nothing higher Lead of 9 promises 10 + 1 higher or nothing higher Lead of Q –Cld be from K or AQJXX

18A Other Special Bids

1S 1NT 3CL G/F unless relay broken 1H 1S 3CL As above 1H 1NT 2S As above

18B

1m 1M 4m 1H 1S 3NT 1m 1M 4M

18-19 flattish hand with 4 of partner’s M As Above – 5H + 4S Distributional raise

19 1CL 1D 1H/S X 1CL X 1D/H/S

CLD BE a 4 CARDER Both 4 card majors Cld be a 4 card suit

20 INVERTED MINORS 1m 2m 10 or > pts 2NT 12-13 pts 3NT 14-15pts 1CL 2CL 2D Good Hand 1D 2D 2H As above

21 MIXED RAISE response To partner’s overcall FIT JUMP

1H 1S P 3H 1H 1S 3CL

Shows 4 trumps -8-9pts Shows that 5 carder + 3-4 trumps + 8-9 pts

22 RONT If 1NT by opener is doubled for penalties Or 1NT overcall is doubled –use RONT

XX shows 1 suited hand - P to bid 2CL Any suit bid shows that suit + higher

23 Puppet Stayman Special Bid

If bidding goes 1NT 2CL 2D 3H/S OR 2NT 3H/S

Shows 5M + 3 card OM

Note 1:

Opener rebids 1NT:

2 forces 2 [all invitational hands], then

Pass = weak

2M = balanced 5crd suit

2oM = 5/4

2N = invitational balanced (in principle denies 5M)

3m = 5crdM & 4crdm

3new = 5/5+

2 is GF shape ask, usually with balanced or semi-balanced hand

Rebids by both sides are natural and up the line with 2N used as a waiting bid

2M is to play

2oM is p/c if showing 5-4, or inv 4-4 if reverse

2N is a transfer to 3 [weak????]

3any shows distributional GF, 5/5+

Note 2:

Opener raises to 2M: 2M+1 (enquiry):

Opener may sometimes raise responder’s M with 3crd support if a NT rebid is flawed. With game

interest, responder may enquire with 2M+1, then:

3new(*) = shortage & 3crd support [Opener may now pass 3M by Responder if min]

3m = no shortage, 3crd support & min [3M now by responder is to play]

3M = no shortage, 4crd support & min

3N = no shortage, 3crd support [or 4M-3-3-3] & max

JS = shortage & 4crd support

4M = no shortage, 4crd support & max (*) note

1m - 1 , 2 -2 - 3 = shortage & 4crd support

1m - 1 , 2 -2 - 2N = shortage & 3crd support

Note 3:

Opener reverses at the 2-level:

Opener’s 2-level reverse is F1 but not 100% GF. Any bid by Responder other than 2N will however

create a GF. 2N by Responder is Lebensohl, asking Opener to bid 3 , and R can then show a weak

hand and pass or make a NF re-bid.

Suit below 2N is natural, NF

2N is trf to 3 [Note, with a GF hand Opener must break the Lebensohl trf to 3 , and

instead show their hand type naturally. This applies in all Leb situations.]

3-level bids, natural and GF

Note 4:

Opener jump rebids 2NT:

3 = checkback; then

3 = 5crdm

3 = if M= then: 3crd and not 4crd (3 by R would then be a cue-bid)

= if M= then: 4crd and not 3crd (3 by R would then be a cue-bid)

3 = if M= then: 4crd may have 3crd (If R now bids 3N, O has rights to bid 4 )

= if M= then: 3crd may have 4crd (3 by R would then be a cue-bid)

3N = Not 3M or 4oM or 5m

3 = if M, then 6+crd suit demanding cue; if oM then 5/5 in Majors (O cues to agree , and

bids 3N to play)

3 =if M, then 6+crd suit demanding cue; if oM then 4/4 in Majors (O cues to agree , and bids

3N to play)

Note 5:

Inverted Minors:

3m = to play opposite minimum limit raise.

Responder may now bid 3m+1 to ask about shortage: O now bids:

- shortage (4m shows suit above and kickback applies)

- 3N without shortage

It is recommended that all hands which are GF start via the relay – all other shape

showing bids will show extra values, but R can attempt to sign off in 3m if unsuitable.

Responses to the relay: after GF 2m+1

2M = shortage

2N = balanced 13+ [3 asks for range with 2pt step responses – step1=13-14, etc]

3m = 6crd suit, inv, no shortage

3Relay = shortage

3N = balanced, 11-12

Note 6:

Forcing NT:

1 - 1N - Then

2 = 2+crd

2 / = 4+crd /

2 = 6+crd

2N = 18/19 bal

3 = artificial GF

3 = natural GF

3 = natural, 5/5 inv NF

3 = Inv, 6+crd suit

3N = running source of tricks in plus 1 ½ outside tricks

After 1 - 1N - 2

2 = trf to (5+crd ) which O can only break with 0-1 , 6 or 5/5 &

If the transfer is accepted then:

Pass = weak

2 = doubleton

2N = 10-12 pts probably 1-5-4-3

3 = 4+crd , NF

3 = 5+crd , NF

3 = 6+crd , inv

3 = 3crd , inv

2 = Trf to 2 (O must complete the trf) then:

Pass = weak 2/3crd (remember immediate 2= constr.)

2N = 4crd , inv

3 = 5+crd , inv

3 = 6+crd , inv

3 =

3 =

3N = 3 card raise with unspecified shortage – 3N asks

2 = Constructive raise 2crd

2N = limit bid

3 = 5+crd Pre

3 = 6+crd Pre

3 =

3 = balanced raise with 3 (10/11)

After 1 - 1N - 2

2 = natural 5+crd NF

2 = Preference

2N = limit

3 = 6+crd , inv

3 = 4+crd , inv

3 = 6+crd , inv

3 = Limit raise with 3crd

After 1 - 1N - 3 - 3 [relay]

3 = nat GF, 5/4+

3 = GF with 6+crd (equivalent to an Acol 2)

3N = & - R can bid 4 with support and slammish. Then 4 would be kickback

If R does not relay it is an attempt to sign off even opposite GF hand.

Note 7:

Kaplan Inversion:

1 - 1 - Then

1N = 12-14, system on

2 = 2+crd , 2 by responder shows 8+ – O bids 2 with & , or 2N/3N min/max

15-17 bal.

2 = 4+crd , NF

2 = 6+crd , NF

2 = unspecified GF

2N = 18-19 balanced

3 / = 5/5 NF but good hand

3 = 6+crd inv

3 = 5crd +6crd , GF

3N = running source of tricks in plus 1 ½ outside tricks

After 1 - 1 - 2

2 = inv – O must bid 2N then

3 = 6+crd inv to 3N

3 = 6+crd inv to 3N

3 = 2crd , inv

3 = inv, 3crd

After 1 - 1 - 2 - 2N [enquiry]

2 enquires

3 = nat GF; 3 agrees , other suits cue for the minor

3 = nat GF; 3 agrees , other suits cue for the minor

3 = GF with 6+crd

3 = GF, 4crd and 5/6crd (new suits are cues)

Note 8:

Splinters:

After 1

3 = LTC of 8, or shortage.

3 = LTC of 8, shortage

3N = undisclosed void

DJS= shortage, LTC of 7 (ltd) or 5-

After 1

2N = LTC of 8, or shortage.

3 = LTC of 8, shortage

3 = undisclosed void

3N = shortage

DJS= shortage, LTC of 7 (ltd) or 5(-)

Note 9:

Balanced GF raise: 1M – 2M+1:

1 - 2 - Then

2N = shortage

3 / = shortage

3 = 16+, bal,

3N = 14-16, bal

DJS = good 2nd suit, ST

4 = min (12-13 bal)

1 - 2N - Then

3 / / = shortage

3 = 16+, bal,

3N = 14-16, bal

DJS = good 2nd suit, ST

4 = min (12-13 bal)

Note 10:

Game tries after 1M – 2M:

1 - 2 - Then

2N = asks for shortage; R shows @ 3-level, denies with 3 , or bids a good 5+crd

side suit at 4-level

3 / / = shortage

3 = barrage

3N = running source of tricks in M plus 1 ½ outside tricks

4 / / = ST, good side suit

1 - 2 - Then

2 = asks for shortage; R shows @ 3-level (2N= ), denies with 3 , or bids a good

5+crd side suit @ 4-level (3N= )

2N = short

3 / = shortage

3 = barrage

3N = running source of tricks in M plus 1 ½ outside tricks

3 /4 / = ST, good side suit

Note 11:

Passed hand responses to 1M

1N = NF

2 = 4crd support, 9-11pts; then 2M = sign off; GT/ST as after 1M-2M above in Note 10

2 = 3crd support, 9-11pts; then 2M = sign off; GT/ST as after 1M-2M above in Note 10

2M = 5-9pts

JS = splinters 9-11

Note 12:

2 Puppet Stayman

2 = at least 1x 4crdM

2 / = 5crd suit

2N = no 4 card majors not maximum (3 =5/5 & ; 3M=4crd suit & 5crd in oM)

3m = 5crd suit – maximum (next step asks for doubleton)

3M = doubleton with 4/4 in minors, max

3N = any 4333, max

After 1N -2 - 2any

2M = inv 5crd suit, bal

2N = bal inv

3 = Simpson

After 1N -2 - 2

3 = 5/5 in M’s (inv??/GF??)

3M = Smolen; 4crdM, 5crdoM

Note 13:

3 Simpson shape ask

After 1N -2 - 2 - 3

3 = dbl’tn m [3 asks; 3 =dbl’tn & 3N=dbl’tn ]

3M = dbl’tn

3N = no dbl’tn

After 1N -2 - 2M - 3

3 /oM = dbl’tn

3M = dbl’tn

3N = no dbl’tn

After 1N -2 - 2N - 3

3 = 5/2 in m’s, 3/3 in M’s [3 asks; 3 =dbl’tn & 3N=dbl’tn ]

3M = dbl’tn, 4/4 in m’s

3N = no dbl’tn

Note 14:

Transfers over 1N

2 = at least 1x 4crdM

Two suiters

1N - 2 - 2 - 2 = 5 +4m inv; O can bid 3m = P/C, 2N, 3N, 3 or 4

1N - 2 - 2 - 2N = 5 +4m inv; O can bid pass, 3m = P/C, 3. 4 or 3N

1N - 2 - 2 - 3 = GF 5+ and 4+

After GF sequences Principle of Fast arrival applies (e.g. 3 is stronger than 4).

After 2 suits are shown, 6crd KC applies

Single suiters

minors – tfr into minor the auto splinter or minorwood by bidding 4m

majors – bid 3M – Serious and non-serious slam tries apply

1N-2/-2/-4M = mild ST based on length and distribution rather than HCP

After a transfer to a major, a jump in a new suit is a splinter

a simple raise of the major is invitational

1N - 2 - 2 - 4N is quantitative

1N - 4 - 4 - 4N is RKCB

Transfer Breaks

break transfers when holding 4 trumps

to 3M when 4/3/3/3

to 2N with a ruffing value but no honour in the doubleton

into a doubleton with a doubleton honour

retransfers apply at 3 and 4 level

Note 15:

Responses to 2 opening

2 = 4+HCP usually guarantees a king or a waiting bid intending to control hand

2 = double negative (denies a king)

Suit = natural, good 6+ card suit 2 of top 3 honours or 3/5

JS = 1 loser suit

DJS = solid suit

2N = positive in

After 2 - 2

2 = Kokish – R must bid 2 now if O bids 2N = 23/4 bal, or

new suit i.e 2 was natural

2 = Natural GF

2N = 22-233 balanced NF (System on)

3 = 5+crd , 3 asks for a M

3 =

3M = 4crdM & 5+crd