AAMJ / Vol. 2 / Issue 5 / September – October 2016

www.aamj.in ISSN: 2395-4159

Research Article

A A M J Anveshana Ayurveda Medical Journal

Deha Prakriti Niśchitīkaran with the help of Pramāṇa (Āyāma Vistāra) Parīkśa

Mushraf R Sayyad *

A b s t r a c t

All the efforts that mankind does always mean for better efficiency and simplicity.

Brihat trayi i.e. Charak Samhita, Susruta Samhita, and Ashtanga Sangraha has a

good comprehensive literature about prakriti. Prakriti Niśchitīkaran, nowadays, is be-

ing done on the basis of granthokta lakśaṇas i.e. śārīrika and mānasika gunas of

doṣas described in Prakriti. In fact, we do use an extract of these lakśaṇas that can be

easily applicable to any human being which elicit his/her prakriti easily. Manas

gunas e.g. Rāga, Tuśti could not be quantifiable. Hence more value is given to

śārīrika gunas and their respective features to decide prakriti. In vimana sthana,

Charak samhita, Āyāma vistāra Parīkśa and prakriti parīkśa are described subse-

quently while dealing with Daśavidha ātura Parīkśa. Acharya vagbhata also used the

terms “pralamba bāhu”, “prithu pīna vakśa”, “mahā lalāta” in kapha prakriti. These

terms reveal relation to measurement. The ancient measuring scale for body parts is

anguli pramāṇa. In present study, an attempt is made to correlate prakriti

niśchitīkaran and āyāma vistāra parīkśa. The experiment is about elicitation of an as-

sociation, if any exists, in prakriti and swānguli pramāṇa.

Key words: prakriti, āyāma vistāra parīkśa, anguli pramāṇa.

* Reader, Dept. of Kriya Sharir, Annasaheb Dange Ayurved Medical College, Ashta, Sangli.

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR

Vd. MUSHRAF R SAYYAD

Reader,

Department of Kriya Sharir,

Annasaheb Dange Ayurved Medical College,

Ashta, Sangli, Maharashtra (India).

Email: mushraf27@gmail.com

Mushraf R Sayyad: Deha Prakriti Niśchitīkaran with the help of Pramāṇa (Āyāma Vistāra) Parīkśa

AAMJ / Vol. 2 / Issue 5 / September – October 2016

1002

INTRODUCTION

yurveda is a traditional system of medicine

with a holistic approach towards mainte-

nance of health, prevention of disease and

cure of disease if occurred. The ancient techniques

of diagnosing the disease were different. A de-

tailed examination of the patient was proposed to

arrive at a good diagnosis by the authors of Ayur-

veda. Acharya Charaka described it under

“Dasha Vidha Parīkśa(i)”. Prakriti Parīkśa was de-

scribed to elicit doshik constitution of the person.

Ayam Vistaar Parīkśa was proposed to measure

the dimensions of bodily organs. . Acharya

vagbhata used the terms “pralamba bāhu”, “prithu

pīna vakśa”, “mahā lalāta” in the descriptions of

kapha prakriti(ii) . In Ayurveda ancient methods

are yet best used to examine the patient. A small

attempt is made to elicit a correlation, if any exists,

between Prakriti Parīkśa and Ayam Vistaar

Parīkśa.

AIMS & OBJECTIVES

To Study “Deha Prakriti Niśchitīkaran” in “Swastha

Vyaktis” with the help of “Āyāma Vistāra Parīkśa”.

To compare the results of Prakriti Niśchitīkaran with

the help of Āyāma Vistāra Parīkśa; with that of

prakriti niśchitīkaran done with the help of

“Granthokta Lakśaṇas’’. To carry out assessment of deha prakriti with the

help of Āyāma Vistāra parīkśa and to reveal corre-

lation between them, if any exists.

Review of Literature: Classification of Doṣaj Prakriti, Manas Prakriti etc. and

their respective characters were studied comprehensive-

ly from ancient Ayurvedic literature. Concept of

Anukatva(3) and constitution(4) and temperament were

also taken in to consideration. Pramāṇa Sharir, modern

anthropometry(5) were also studied.

MATERIALS & METHODS

With objectives in mind, 90 apparently healthy subjects

of both sex of age group 25 to 35 were randomly as-

sessed for study, of which 60 were selected. To avoid

overcrowding of subjects of any particular profession,

the subjects were taken from various groups from cross

selection of population with wide range of socio- eco-

nomic status.

Prakriti of these subjects is assessed with the help of

routine Prakriti Parīkśa Vidhi. The volunteers were again

evaluated for Pramāṇa Parīkśa. Swānguli pramāṇa was

calcuated and some selected body parts were meas-

ured in terms of Anguli Pramāṇa. Exclusion: As the work was not aimed for the special

study of anthropometry, we just adopted a few tech-

niques from anthropometric data which are dominating-

ly useful for aims and objects of study “Pralamba- Bāhu”

“Prithu- Pīna Vakśa” and “Maha-Lalaata“ were the

terms used by Vagbhata. Only these anatomical parts

were analyzed.

OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS

A) Comparison of chest circumference (Prithu-Pīna-

Vakśa) in three prakritis-

Chest circum-

ference Vata

n = 20

Pitta

n = 20

Kapha

n = 20

I + II+

III

n = 60

Range (in cm)

70- 81

20

Anguli –

22.8

Anguli

73.3 –

93.5

19.5

Anguli-

25.4

Anguli

89.6 –

101.9

23.1

Anguli –

25.1

Anguli

70-

101.9

19.5

Anguli

–

25.4

Anguli

Mean 75.59 86.88 95.43 85.96

S.D. +2.82 + 4.79 + 3.42 +3.67

Significance V Vs P

p<o.o1

P Vs K

p<0.05

K Vs V

_____

B) Comparison of Arm Length (Pralamba- Bāhu) in

three prakritis -

Arm Length Vata Pitta Kapha I + II+ III

Range

21.6-

29.5cm

12.8

Anguli –

16.6

Anguli

26.9-

33.5cm

14.2

Anguli-

17.4

Anguli

27.2-

37.1cm

14.1

Anguli –

18.3

Anguli

21.6-

37.1cm

12.8

Anguli –

18.3

Anguli

Mean 25.43 29.43 31.58 28.81

S.D. + 1.89 + 1.784 + 2.23

Significance V Vs P P Vs K

p<0.005 K Vs V

A

Mushraf R Sayyad: Deha Prakriti Niśchitīkaran with the help of Pramāṇa (Āyāma Vistāra) Parīkśa

AAMJ / Vol. 2 / Issue 5 / September – October 2016

1003

C) Comparison of Forehead Length (Maha- Lalaata) in three prakritis-

Forehead Length Vata Pitta Kapha I + II+ III

Range 5.1cm-7.2cm

(3-4.1) Anguli

5.4-7.1cm

(3.6-3.8) Anguli

6.4-8.7cm

(3.4-4.3) Anguli

3-4.3

Anguli

(5.1-8.7)cm

Mean 6.25 6.63 7.79 6.89

S.D. + 0.75 + 0.44 +0.55 0.58

Significance V Vs P

p <0.025

P Vs K

p<0.01

K Vs V

_____

Summary of Observations: V=VATA; P=PIITTA; K= KAPHA

No Vakśa Vistāra

Significance Arm Length

Significance

Forehead

Length significance

(In Anguli) (In Anguli) (In Anguli)

V P K V P K V P K

1 21.3 21.9 24.4 V Vs P 15 15.7 17 V Vs P 3.9 3.8 4 V Vs P

2 19.8 23 25 P< 0.01 13.5 15.9 15.8 3.8 3.5 4 P<0.025

3 20 22.5 25.2 13.8 16.3 14.9 ____ 3.7 3.6 4.1

4 20.1 22.9 24.5 14.2 15.4 16 3.8 3.7 4.3

5 22.1 22 24.3 14.6 16.1 17.7 4 3.7 4.1

6 19.3 19.5 25.1 15.2 17.2 18.3 3.7 3.6 4.2

7 22.1 24 25.3 12.8 16.9 16 3.2 3.6 4.3

8 22.8 22 23.1 13.5 15.5 16.1 4.1 3.7 3.9

9 20.9 22.1 23.5 P Vs K 13.8 14.2 15.7 P Vs K 3.6 3.7 4.3 P Vs K

10 21 22 24 P<0.05 14 17.4 18 P<0.005 3.6 3.7 3.9 P<0.01

11 22.7 23.5 24.5 14 15 14.1 3 3.6 4.3

12 22 24.3 24.7 13.5 15.4 16.1 3.4 3.7 3.8

13 22 24.2 24.3 15 15 15.5 4 3.6 3.9

14 21.6 24.4 23.9 14.4 15.7 16.9 4 3.7 4.2

15 23.8 23.7 24.3 K Vs V 14.4 15.1 17.8 K Vs V 3.2 3.6 4.3 K Vs V

16 21.3 24.5 25.5 ___ 16.6 16 16.9 ___ 3.4 3.7 3.9 ___

17 21.9 24.7 24.8 15.7 15.3 16.1 3.3 3.6 3.8

18 20.8 25.4 24 14.2 15.5 15.6 3.2 3.7 3.4

19 22.2 23.9 24.3 15.7 16 14.5 3.4 3.6 3.8

20 21.1 25 25.2 14.5 16.4 16.2 3.9 3.7 4.1

C) Significant Observations:

Anthropometric Meas-

urements and indices Vata Vs

Pitta

Pitta Vs

Kapha

Vata Vs

Kapha

Vakśa – Vistāra P<0.01 P<0.05 -

Arm – Length - P<0.005 -

Forehead – Length P<0.025 P<0.01 -

DISCUSSION

1) Based on Vakśa –Vistāraa, it is concluded that Vakśa

vistāraa of Kapha Prakriti, when measured falls into a

highest range of Anguli Pramāṇa, which is more nearer

to Anguli Pramāṇa given by ancient acharyas. Vakśa

Vistāraa for pitta Prakriti was found to be somewhat

less than Kapha Prakriti.Vata Prakriti individuals show a

vakśa Vistāraa which is lowest, ranging between a

range of low Anguli Pramāṇa .

Mushraf R Sayyad: Deha Prakriti Niśchitīkaran with the help of Pramāṇa (Āyāma Vistāra) Parīkśa

AAMJ / Vol. 2 / Issue 5 / September – October 2016

1004

2) For Arm length measured, it is concluded that ranges

established for three different Prakriti shows descend-

ing order and same results like Vakśa Vistāraa were

found.

3) The observations of ‘Lalaata Āyāma’ were on higher

side for Pitta Prakriti individuals as compared to Vata

and Kapha Prakriti individuals.

CONCLUSION

From above discussion it may be concluded that the

positive finding of present study (P<0.1) can be em-

ployed to evaluate Prakriti Niśchitīkaran of an individu-

al with the help of Pramāṇa Parīkśa. The study can be

extended by measuring the remaining more body parts

in the form of Anguli Pramāṇa. Study can also be made

accurate by the utilization of radiological examination

of bones of various Prakriti individuals.

ΛΛΛΛ

REFERENCES

i. Charaka Samhita : vimana sthana/8-94 to 117,Prof.

P.V. Sharma

ii. Ashtanga Hridāyāma : Sharir Sthana/3-97 ,Shri

Taraduttapanta Ayurvedacharya. Chaukhamba Sanskrit

Series Office Varanasi. iii. Susruta Samhita: Sharir sthana/4-47,66,70 with B. G.

Ghanekar teeka

iv. Humoral constitution: Science and Physiology of indian

medicine, pages 92,93, Vaidya K. N. Udupa,

R.H.Singh(1990)

v. Anthropometry : The International Committee for stand-

ardization of the Techniques of Physical Anthropometry,

1934, Man, 34,109.

Source of Support: Nil.

Conflict of Interest: None declared

ΛΛΛΛ

How to cite this article: Mushraf R Sayyad: Deha Prakriti

Niśchitīkaran with the help of Pramāṇa (Āyāma Vistāra)

Parīkśa. AAMJ 2016; 5:1001 – 1004.