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Political Systems • Dictatorship • Democracy – Direct – Representative • Monarchy – Absolute – Constitutional • Communism – Theory – Practice • Anarchy and Oligarchy
Political Systems• Dictatorship• Democracy
– Direct– Representative
• Monarchy– Absolute– Constitutional
• Communism– Theory– Practice
• Anarchy and Oligarchy
Economic Systems
• Capitalism• Socialism• Mixed Economy
• Book Definition-5• Student Friendly Definition-5• Examples in history and/or currently-5• Act out your gov’t/economic system-5
Democrat or Republican?
Or Somewhere in Between?3rd Parties
• List of political parties in the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
• Be ready to discuss when and why it started and what it’s platform is
• 10 Points
• Sometimes there are splits in a specific party
1912 ElectionTea Party-2009
Emergence of the Tea Party
• Emerged in 2009 after the bailout of the US’s financial institutions(President Bush-2008), the economic stimulus package(President Obama-2009) and the new health care law(President Obama-2010).
• The name is taken from the Boston Tea Party as they protested against the British King at the time
• Tends to be very conservative and libertarian in nature
Core Beliefs of Tea Party• Illegal Aliens Are Here illegally.
• Pro-Domestic Employment Is Indispensable.
• Stronger Military Is Essential.
• Special Interests Eliminated.
• Gun Ownership Is Sacred.
• Government Must Be Downsized.
• National Budget Must Be Balanced.
• Deficit Spending Will End.
• Bail-out And Stimulus Plans Are Illegal.• Reduce Personal Income Taxes A Must.
• Reduce Business Income Taxes Is Mandatory.
• Political Offices Available To Average Citizens.
• Intrusive Government Stopped.
• English As Core Language Is Required.
• Traditional Family Values Are Encouraged.
• Common Sense Constitutional
• Conservative Self-Governance
• http://www.teaparty.org/about.php#beliefs
Define
• Democrat• Republican• Liberal• Conservative• Right• Left• Moderate• Progressive• Radical• Libertarian
• Polls• Random Sampling• Margin of error
Battleground States
70 Electoral Votes Up for Grabs-Democrats need 0 of these votes to win, Republicans need all plus more
according to CNN
The Electoral College System
• Video• Discuss setup• Discuss weakness• Discuss shifts in the electorate
Election of 1824
• John Quincy Adams lost by 44,804 votes to Andrew Jackson in 1824 but won EC
Election of 1824
Election of 1876
• Rutherford B. Hayes lost by 264,292 votes to Samuel J. Tilden in 1876 but won EC
Election of 1876
Election of 1888
• Benjamin Harrison lost by 95,713 votes to Grover Cleveland in 1888 but won EC
Election of 1888
Election of 2000
• George W. Bush lost by 543,816 votes to Al Gore in the 2000 election but won EC
Election of 2000
Election of 2016
• Donald Trump lost by 2.8 million votes to Hillary Clinton but won EC
• What parts of the US are generally more Republican? Democrat?
• Why do you think that is?
1960 Election
1964 Election
1968 Election Map
1972 Election Map
1976 Election Map
1980 Election Map
1984 Election Map
1988 Election Map
1992 Election Map-
1996 Election Map
2000 Election Map
2004 Election Map
2008 Election Map
2012 Presidential Election
2012 Electoral Breakdown by County
• Not all Democrats or Republicans agree on all issues within their party
• Discuss media bias—Fox News vs CNN• Where you live can effect what party you belong
to• 2012 Electoral College Map-County by County
• Republicans are conservative
– favor traditional institutions and the status quo– favor laissez-faire system
• define– favor a limited role for government in society
and believe that people should help themselves, not rely on the government
– favor lower taxes– believe in the trickle-down theory– Believe in rugged individualism
• Democrats are liberal – favor change in society
– oppose government intervention into one’s private and social life
– support regulations on economic activity and businesses
– favor an active role for government in society
– believe that involvement – be it environmental regulations against polluting or anti-discrimination laws- can improve the quality of our lives
– willing to increase taxes to support programs
Political Topics
• ****The summaries of what each party supports are generalizations and does not reflect each parties beliefs 100%*****
Illegal Immigration•What is immigration?•What is illegal immigration?•Why do people want to come to the US either legally or illegally?•Why do US citizens get upset about illegal immigration?•Why is it easy for politicians to ignore the problem of illegal immigration?•What is birthright citizenship?•What are “anchor babies”?-Not a positive term but the one that is used a lot
Legal Immigration Statistics• 2013 - 990,553 people are granted lawful
permanent residence in the United States• “Green cards" • The top countries of origin are:• -- Mexico (14%)• -- China (7.2%)• -- India (6.9%)• -- Philippines (5.5%)• -- Dominican Republic (4.2%)
• 2013 - A total of 779,929 people become naturalized U.S. citizens
• The top countries of birth are:• -- Mexico (12.7%)• -- India (6.4%)• -- Philippines (5.6%)• -- Dominican Republic (5.1%)• -- China (3.9%)• Residents becoming naturalized citizens in 2013
had spent a median of seven years in “green card” status.
• US Naturalization Practice Test
Illegal Immigration Statistics• 2012 - The Department of Homeland Security
estimates that there are 11.4 million unauthorized immigrants living in the United States
• The top countries of origin are:• -- Mexico (59%)• -- El Salvador (6%)• -- Guatemala (5%)• -- Honduras (3%)• -- Philippines (3%)
• 2012 - The top U.S. states where unauthorized immigrants settle are:
• -- California (25%)• -- Texas (16%)• -- Florida (6%)• -- New York (5%)• -- Illinois (5%)
• Unauthorized immigrants to the United States tend to be young (61% between ages 25-44) and male (53%)
• 2013 - 662,483 unauthorized immigrants are apprehended
• More than 64% are from Mexico
• 2013 - 438,421 unauthorized immigrants are removed from the United States
• -- Repatriated to Mexico (72%)• -- Repatriated to Guatemala (11%)• -- Repatriated to Honduras (8%)• -- Repatriated to El Salvador (5%)
Immigration Project-50 Points
• Two groups– Research Hilary Clinton and Donald Trump’s
background– Research three other issues that the class chooses– Research Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump’s
immigration plan– Create a Powerpoint presentation summarizing their
plan/beliefs on these four issues– Create a 30-60 second commercial that highlights
their plan. Can be positive or negative. Can be live action or documentary style.
President Obama’s Plan
• Cracking Down on Illegal Immigration at the Border
• Deporting Felons, Not Families• Accountability – Criminal Background
Checks and Taxes• Streamlining legal immigration
• Under President Obama, more illegal immigrants have been deported than by any other President
President Obama’s Executive Order-”Come out of the Shadows”
• November, 2014• 1. Strengthen boarder patrol• 2. Make it easier and faster for high skilled
immigrants to stay and contribute to US economy• 3. Focus efforts on deport illegal immigrants that
are criminals• 4. If you have been in US for five years or have
children who are US citizens, register, pass a criminal background check and pay taxes, you can apply to temporarily stay in the US
• Currently being blocked by Federal Courts
Donald Trump’s Plan
• Republican ideas:• 1. Deport all illegals immigrants as they
broke the law• 2. More border security• 3. Build a wall
Donald Trumps 7 Point Plan1. Build a wall along the southern border with Mexico2. End catch and release-detain and send back3. Zero tolerance for criminal aliens4. Block federal funding for sanctuary cities5. Cancel Obama's executive orders on illegal immigration6. Suspend issuance of visas in countries where screening is not good7. Make other countries take the illegal immigrants back
Five Immigration Myths Debunked
• Video
Abortion-Roe v Wade-1973
• Democrat:– Abortion is a woman’s right and should be legal – Right to privacy and own body– Life begins after baby is born
• Republican:– Abortion should be illegal and restricted by
government – It is killing an unborn baby-what about their rights?– Ok in cases of rape, incest and life of the mother??– Defund Planned Parenthood
Abortion Laws prior to 1973 Roe V. Wade Case Red--Illegal.
Purple--Legal in cases of rape. Blue-Legal in cases of danger to woman's health.
Green-Legal in cases of danger to woman's health, rape or incest, or likely damaged fetus. Yellow-Legal upon request.
Carly Fiorina’s Video on Abortion as Mentioned in the Republican Presidential Debate
• How many abortions do you think there are in the US every year?
Abortions Per Year in US
Pregnancy, Birth, Abortion, and Fetal Loss Rates Per 1,000 Women Aged 15--19 Years, by Race and Hispanic
Ethnicity
Preventative Options
• Abstinence• Contraception-Link• Morning after pill-Quite controversial-Why?
– Safe and effective – Available at health centers and drugstores– Costs vary from $30 to $65 for the morning-
after pill and $500 to $900 for IUD insertion
Options Other Than Abortion
• Interim foster care• Adoption• Raise the child yourself• Reach out to father to see if he(or his
family) would want to raise the child• Infant Safe Haven laws
Gun Control
• Democrats: – Favor/Gun control is needed– Tougher background checks, ban assault
weapons • Republicans:
– Oppose/Gun control is unconstitutional– 2nd Amendment- “Right to Bear Arms”
• NRA-ILA :: Gun Laws
• History of Gun Control Laws in US
So what can be done to lessen gun violence?
• President Obama’s website for his gun control plan
• President Obama’s biggest frustration– Not being able to pass tougher gun laws
Does President Obama want to take your guns away?
• 23 Executive Orders Signed• October 1, 2015 speech after college shoo
ting in Oregon
Natural Environment/Climate Change• Democrats:
– Strong regulations are needed to protect the environment
– Believe climate change is occurring and problem is sped up by humans
• Gov’t needs to do more to help slow down
• Republicans: – Strong environmental laws harm the economy– Believe climate change is more of a natural
phenomenon• Gov’t should leave issue alone as it can hurt business
Four Questions to Consider
• 1. Is the globe warming?• 2. Is the warming man made?• 3. Is it a crisis?• 4. Can we do anything about it?
97% of the Scientific Community
• "Observations throughout the world make it clear that climate change is occurring, and rigorous scientific research demonstrates that the greenhouse gases emitted by human activities are the primary driver." (2009)
11 Ways Climate Change Impacts the World
2 Degrees Celsius Video
• The Pope Says it’s a problem• President Obama’s Plan
• Skeptics:– John Coleman– Senator James Inhoffe– Mark Morano vs Bill Nye
Minimum Wage
• Democrats: – Favor/Increase the minimum wage to help workers– President Obama’s plan
• Republicans: – Oppose/Do not raise the minimum wage because it
hurts businesses
– http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0774473.html
Link to All Countries Minimum Wage
The Problems with Increasing the Minimum Wage
• Wal-Mart Story
• Yearly Salary:– $7.25 per hour– $10.10 per hour– $15 per hour
• The following slides are taken from President Obama’s official website
Healthcare
• Democrats: – Government should allow universal
access to healthcare– The Affordable Care Act-March 2010-
Obamacare
• Republicans: – Private insurers are preferable to
government controlled system
Stronger Consumer Rights and Protections
• 105 million Americans no longer have lifetime dollar limits on their coverage.
• More than 129 million Americans with pre-existing conditions can no longer be denied coverage or charged more because of their health.
More Affordable Coverage
• Insurance companies have to spend at least 80 percent of your premium dollars on health care. If they don't meet the standard, they have to provide rebates to consumers — and millions of consumers have received $1.9 billion in rebates.
• Since the Affordable Care Act was enacted, health care prices have risen at the slowest rate in nearly 50 years.
Better Access to Care
• After five years of the Affordable Care Act, more
than 16 million Americans have gained health coverage, and the nation’s uninsured rate is now the lowest ever recorded. 137 million Americans with private health coverage are now guaranteed preventive services coverage with no cost sharing, including 55 million women and 28 million children.
• Since 2010, 5.7 million young adults have gained coverage due to the ACA’s provision allowing young adults to remain on a parent’s plan to age 26 and its broader expansion of coverage.
Stronger Medicare • More than 9.4 million seniors and other people
with Medicare have saved more than $15 billion on their prescription drugs.
• More than 39 million seniors received one or more free preventive services.
Why do Republicans Hate Obamacare?
Joni Ernst-Iowa SenatorRepublican
• “We’re looking at Obamacare right now. Once we start with those benefits in January, how are we going to get people off of those? It’s exponentially harder to remove people once they’ve already been on those programs…we rely on government for absolutely everything. And in the years since I was a small girl up until now into my adulthood with children of my own, we have lost a reliance on not only our own families, but so much of what our churches and private organizations used to do. They used to have wonderful food pantries. They used to provide clothing for those that really needed it. But we have gotten away from that. Now we’re at a point where the government will just give away anything.”
Dr. Ben Carson’s Plan
Taxes• 16th Amendment to the US Constitution-1913
• What is an income tax?• What is a graduated income tax?• Why does the government need to
impose an income tax?• President Obama’s tax plan
Taxes
• Democrats: – Increase taxes on the wealthy to pay for public
programs
• Republicans: – Cutting taxes for everyone helps the economy– Trickle Down Theory
Income Tax Bracket History of US
• 1913-2013
Death Penalty
• Democrats: – Oppose/It is not a deterrent and innocent
people are in jeopardy
• Republicans: – Favor/The death penalty is necessary and
effective in deterring people from committing crimes
Average Time on Death Row
• The average time that elapses between sentence and execution has risen from six years in the mid-1980s to??
• 16.5 years now
Forbes Article
Methods of Execution in US• Lethal Injection• Electrocution• Gas Chamber• Firing Squad• Hanging
• Source
• Lethal Injections Explained Video
History
• Furman v. Georgia, (1972)• In this case, the court found the death
penalty to be unconstitutional on the grounds of cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the 8th to the United States Constitution.
• http://www.clarkprosecutor.org/html/death/dpusa.htm
Gay Marriage• Democrats:
– Favor-Gays rights and marriage are civil rights– 14th Amendment-Equal protection of the laws
• Republicans: – Oppose-Marriage is a sacred bond between a man
and woman– Many consider it a sin
• As of June 26, 2015, same-sex marriage is now legal in all 50 US stats
• Obergefell v. Hodges is the case in which the Supreme Court held in a 5–4 decision, that the right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples
• Decision is based on Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the US Constitution
24 by Court DecisionAlaska (Oct. 17, 2014), Arizona (Oct. 17, 2014), California (June 28, 2013), Colorado (Oct. 7, 2014), Connecticut (Nov. 12, 2008), Idaho (Oct. 13, 2014), Indiana (Oct. 6, 2014), Iowa (Apr. 24, 2009), Kansas (Nov. 12, 2014), Massachusetts (May 17, 2004), Montana (Nov. 19, 2014), Nevada (Oct. 9, 2014), New Jersey (Oct. 21, 2013), New Mexico (Dec. 19, 2013), North Carolina (Oct. 10, 2014), Oklahoma (Oct. 6, 2014), Oregon (May 19, 2014), Pennsylvania (May 20, 2014), South Carolina (Nov. 20, 2014), Utah (Oct. 6, 2014), Virginia (Oct. 6, 2014), West Virginia (Oct. 9, 2014), Wisconsin (Oct. 6, 2014), Wyoming (Oct. 21, 2014)
8 by State Legislature
Delaware (July 1, 2013), Hawaii (Dec. 2, 2013), Illinois (June 1, 2014), Minnesota (Aug. 1, 2013), New Hampshire (Jan. 1, 2010), New York (July 24, 2011), Rhode Island (Aug. 1, 2013), Vermont (Sep. 1, 2009)
3 by Popular VoteMaine (Dec. 29, 2012), Maryland (Jan. 1, 2013), Washington (Dec. 9, 2012)
Washington, DC legalized gay marriage on Mar. 3, 2010, the date marriage licenses became available to same-sex couples.
Defense of Marriage act (DOMA)
• Passed while Congress was controlled by the Republicans (1996)
• Granted states right to not recognize same-sex marriages that were granted under the laws of other states
• Ruled unconstitutional in 2013-Windsor v. United States
• The next several slides will look at the trends in the US in regards to support for gay marriage by specific groups of people
• Source
Jimmy Kimmel Video
Update
Legalization of Marijuana
• Why legalize?• Why keep it illegal?• Why legalize it for medicinal use?
Legalization of Marijuana
• Majority of both parties still oppose the legalization of marijuana for recreational use
• Democrats would be more likely to support
• Legalization of marijuana for medicinal use is more widely supported
What % of people in the US smoke pot?
• In 2011, more than 18 million Americans aged 12 and older reported using the drug within the past month.
• That’s about 7%• Results from the 2011
National Survey on Drug Use and Health:Summary of National Findings
Nine Things to Know About Legal Pot
Dr. Sanjay Gupta Article• In 1970, the Assistant Secretary of Health, Dr. Roger O.
Egeberg recommended that marijuana be classified as a Schedule 1 substance
• It has remained that way ever since • Egeberg stated as to why it should be a Schedule 1
substance:• "Since there is still a considerable void in our knowledge of
the plant and effects of the active drug contained in it, our recommendation is that marijuana be retained within schedule 1 at least until the completion of certain studies now underway to resolve the issue."
• Not because of sound science, but because of its absence, marijuana was classified as a Schedule 1 substance.
• Is marijuana as safe as - or safer than -alcohol?
• President Obama’s Opinion • Why I changed my mind on weed-Dr.
Sanjay Gupta
• So is marijuana harmless? • Link to answer• Is marijuana addictive?• Link to answer
Democrats/Afghanistan-Continued
• President Obama wanted to focus on Afghanistan-Sent 30,000 more troops 12-2009
• Started US withdrawl from Afghanistan in July 2011
• Hopes to be out of Afghanistan sometime in 2017 as of 10-15-2015
• Republicans-Afghanistan
–Most everyone supported the War in Afghanistan due to 9-11
–Afghanistan was not focused on as much after the Iraq invasion in 2003
–Allowed Taliban and al-Qaeda to gain in power over the years
War in Iraq• Democrats:
–Many favored Iraq War at first but criticized President Bush for messing it up
–Wanted a defined exit strategy during the Bush years
–President Obama withdrew all combat troops from Iraq in August 2010
–All US forces were out of Iraq at the end of 2011
–Left too soon? ISIS took over
Republicans/Iraq-Continued• Admitted to mistakes in Iraq and said it will be
a tough fight• Hoped Iraq’s new gov’t and people would
eventually be stable enough for US withdrawl• President Bush pulled 8,000 troops out in late
2008/early 2009• President Bush stated 8-21-06 that US
would not leave Iraq “until the job is done”
ISIS-Islamic State of Iraq and SyriaISIL-Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
• After the US left Iraq in 2011, ISIS, formerly al-Qaeda in Iraq, moved in and has taken over much of Northern Iraq and Syria(2014-present)– Obama started a bombing campaign on ISIS
targets in August 2014– Obama sent 1500 military advisors back in late
2014– Former Defense Secretary Leon Panetta has
criticized Obama for leaving Iraq too early-Link
President Obama’s Plan
Republican Candidates Plans for ISIS
Race Relations
• Democrats: – Strong anti-discrimination laws are needed– favor affirmative action
• Republicans: – People and businesses can be trusted not to
discriminate– Many oppose affirmative action
• Affirmative Action Timeline
Flag Burning
• Democrat:– Flag burning is political
speech and is protected by the Constitution
• Republican:– Protect the flag from
burning by a constitutional amendment
Military
• Democrats: – Cut military spending; – Work with other nations and/or with support from
NATO and the United Nations• Republicans:
– Increase military spending– don’t be constrained by other nations or by NATO
and the United Nations
Prayer in School
• Democrats: – Oppose/Violation of the separation between
church and state– Does not uphold “freedom of religion” if we
have school sponsored prayer
• Republicans: – Favor/It is a religious right and our Christian
heritage
Prayer in School
• Declared unconstitutional in 1962 in the case Engel vs. Vitale
Separation of Church and State
• “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof…” 1st Amendment
• Known as the Establishment Clause
• U.S. Supreme Court’s 1947 decision of Everson v. Board of Education-Next Slide
• ‘”The establishment of religion’ clause of the First Amendment means at least this: Neither a state nor the Federal Government can set up a church. Neither can pass laws which aid one religion, aid all religions, or prefer one religion over another. Neither can force nor influence a person to go to or to remain away from church against his will or force him to profess a belief or disbelief in any religion. No person can be punished for entertain ing or professing religious beliefs or disbeliefs, for church attendance or non-attendance. No tax in any amount, large or small, can be levied to sup port any religious activities or institutions, whatever they may be called, or whatever form they may adopt to teach or practice religion. Neither a state nor the Federal Government can, openly or secretly, participate in the affairs of any religious organization or groups and vice-versa. In the words of Jefferson, the clause against establishment of religion by law was intend ed to erect a ‘wall of separation between church and state’.”
