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DENT 1120 Related Anatomy
Unit 2
Cells & Tissue
1. Cell Characteristics
3 PARTS: NUCLEUS, MEMBRANE, CYTOPLASM (contains organelles)
CELL
2. List the function of the following 7 organelles
• 1. Ribosome
• 2. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
• 3. Golgi
• 4. Lysosome
• 5. Mitochondria
• 6. Centrioles
• 7. Cilia and Flagella
3. Compare Active and Passive Transport
• This is how materials get into a cell, through the membrane.
• ACTIVE-molecules move from an area of low concentration into an area of high concentration. Requires energy and a carrier molecule. (Like forcing more water into an already full sponge)
Passsive transport
• Diffusion- molecules move from an area of high concentration into an area of low concentration
• Osmosis- diffusion of water( like putting a dry sponge on a puddle of water)
• Filtration- selectively allowing some molecules to pass (like a coffee filter lets water in but keeps grounds out)
4. Osmosis
• Cells placed in HYPERTONIC( solute concentration greater than cell, thus less water) Water leaves cell and cell SHRINKS
• Cells placed in HYPOTONIC ( solutes less than cell, thus more water) Water is pushed into cell and cell SWELLS
• Isotonic- = amts of water and solutes
Osmotic Pressure
5. List and describe the 4 phases of MITOSIS (PMAT)
• 1. Prophase- genetic material duplicates
• 2. Metaphase- chromosomes line up in middle
• 3. Anaphase-chromosomes migrate away from the middle
• 4. Telophase- cell membrane forms across middle to form 2 cells
Cell Division
• Mitosis- all body cells 46 chromosomes
• Meiosis- egg and sperm, 23 chromosomes
The End