Dental AnatomyIntroduction & NomenclatureThe Jaws & Dental Arches

A. The maxilla is two bones forming

the upper jaw; they are rigidly

attached to the skull.

B. The mandible is a horse-shoe shaped bone which articulates with the skull by way of the temporo-mandibular joint the TMJ.

The Jaws and Dental Arches. The Jaws and Dental Arches.

Quadrants:right & left quadrants Maxillary right and left.

Mandibular right and left.

Right Left

Right Left

Types of Teeth

Types of Dentitions:I-Primary Dentition

Deciduous ,baby, milk teeth: a. Twenty ( 20) primary teeth. b. 10 in each arch c. 5 in each quadrant

In function:2 years 12 years

I-Primary Dentition

Mixed Dentition Period

6 years 12 years

Eruption of

first permanent molar

Shedding of last

primary

molar

Types of Dentitions:II-Permanent Dentition

In function:

12 years

through out life

II-Permanent Dentition

Permanent Teeth

Types of Dentitions:Primary & Permanent

Dentition

Tooth Identification Systems

Numbering or Coding Systems

1.Palmer Notation System2.Universal System3.International FDI System (two digit system)

1 1

Palmer Notation System

2 34

5

6

7

8

234

5

6

7

8

1 23

45

6

7

8

Right Left

AB

C

D

E

Palmer Notation System

for Primary Teeth

Two Digit System

FDI

1112131415

1617

18

21 222324

25262728

31 323334

35

36

37

38

414243

444546

47

481 2

34

For permanent teeth:

For primary teeth

5 6

78

Universal system

for Permanent Teeth

Universal System

for Primary Teeth

Anterior & Posterior Teeth

Anterior Teeth- Upper

lateral Central incisors

Canine

Anterior Teeth- Lower

lateral - Central incisors

Canine

Premolars:

First premolar &

Second premolar

Upper

Lower

Molars:

First & second

Upper

Lower

Surfaces of Teeth

Each tooth has 5 surfaces:1.Occlusal (Incisal), 2.Lingual, 3.Buccal, 4.Mesial, and5. Distal,

Surfaces of Teeth

Surfaces in between two teeth: • interproximal surfaces.

1. Facing towards the midline is MESIAL.

2. Facing away from the midline is DISTAL

FACIAL surface any surface on the outside

1.LABIAL is facial surface of the anterior teeth (green),

2. BUCCAL is the facial surface of the posterior teeth (blue).

LINGUAL The surfaces facing the tongue

PALATAL on the maxilla.

palatal

chewing/biting surfaces of teeth :

OCCLUSAL: chewing surfaces of posterior teeth

INCISAL: the anteriors’ biting surface

Macro & Micro-anatomy

of Teethcrown

neck

root

Single-rooted Multi-rooted

Micro-anatomy of Teeth

Pulp Cavity

1-Coronal pulp:• Pulp chamber• Pulp horns

2-Radicular pulp:• Root canal• Apical foramen

2-Radicular pulp:• Root canal• Apical foramen

Pulp Cavity

Anatomical Features of the Crown•Crown elevations:

• Mamelons:

• Cingulum:

• Cusp

Crown elevations:

• Triangular ridge

• Transverse ridge

• Oblique ridge

• Marginal ridge

•Ridges

• Linear ridges• Marginal • Cervical• Incisal• Labial • Buccal • Lingual

•Crown depressions

• Fossa

• sulcus

• Lingual fossa• triangular fossae• Central fossa

• Developmental groove

• Supplemental grooves

• Pits

• fissures

•Crown depressions