Dental trauma

Dental trauma

Dental traumarefers totraumato theface,mouth, and especially theteeth,lips andperiodontium. The study of dental trauma is called dental traumatology.

Tooth fracturesEnamel infractionEnamel fractureEnamel-dentine fractureComplex fracture of toothRoot fracture of tooth

Enamel infractionsEnamel infractionsare microcracks seen within thedental enamelof atooth. They are commonly the result ofdental traumato the brittle enamel, which remains adherent to the underlyingdentine. They can be seen more clearly whentransilluminationis used.Enamel infractions are found more often in older teeth, as the accumulated trauma is greatest. Enamel infractions can also be found as a result ofiatrogenicdamage inadvertently caused by instrumentation during dental treatments.

Injuries of the periodontal apparatus

Subluxationof the toothLuxationof the toothIntrusionof the toothAvulsion of the tooth

Dental subluxationDental subluxationis antraumaticinjury in which thetoothhas increased mobility (i.e., is loosened) but has not been displaced from its original site in thejawbone.This is a quite common condition and one of the commonest dental traumatic disorders. However, the exact prevalence is difficult to be assessed because dental subluxations are often asymptomatic or only mildly symptomatic, and even overlooked by caregivers when treating more serious dental traumas in adjacent teeth.Soft tissue laceration, most commonly thelipsand thegingivaRisk factorsYoung childrenSports, especiallycontact sportsPiercingintongueandlipsMilitary trainingsAcute changes inbarometric pressure, i.e.dental barotrauma, which can affectscubadiversandaviatorsClass IImalocclusion

PreventionA regular use inmouthguardduringsportsand other high-risk activities (such as military trainings) are the most effective prevention for dental trauma.However, studies in various high risk populations fordentalinjuries are repeatedly reporting of a lowcomplianceof individuals for the regular using of mouthguard during activities.Moreover, even with regular use, effectiveness in prevention on dental injuries is not complete, and injuries can still occur even when mouthguards are used as users are not always aware of the best makes or size, which inevitably result in a poor tManagementThe sequelae of dental trauma can be serious and can involvepulp necrosis, requiringroot canal treatment ortooth extraction.However, recommended in all dental traumas are goodoral hygienewith 0.12%chlorhexidine gluconatemouthwash, a soft and cold diet, and avoidance ofsmokingfor several days.When the injured teeth arepainfulwith function due to damage to theperiodontal ligaments(e.g.,dental subluxation), a temporarysplintingof the injured teeth may relief thepainand enhance eating ability.Anavulsedpermanent tooth should be gently rinsed under tap water andimmediately re-plantedin its original socket within thealveolar boneand later temporarily splinted by adentist.Failure to re-planted the avulsed tooth within the first 40 minutes after the injury may resulted in very poor prognosis for the tooth.Management of injuredprimary teeth differs from management of permanent teeth; avulsed primary tooth should not be re-planted (to avoid damage to the permanentdental crypt).1. Yunike FadillaHow are the prevent dental trauma?

2.Utari Dwi AstutiiWhat are the other effect of dental trauma?

3. Nisia NartiWhat the specifict result of dental trauma in a person?