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DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
THANH HOA PROVINCIAL PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
SUBPROJECT: SOUTH MA RIVER PUMPING STATION CANAL SYSTEM
UPGRADING – THANH HOA PROVINCE
(VIETNAM IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (VIAIP/WB7)
(FINAL VERSION)
September, 2013
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Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................... 1
CHAPTER I GENERAL INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 3
1.1. General introduction to WB7 project ............................................................................... 3
1.2. General introduction to the subproject ................................................................................. 4
1.3. Report objectives and structure. .......................................................................................... 4
1.3.1. Report objectives ....................................................................................................... 4
1.3.2. Report structure ......................................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER II POLICIES, REGULATIONS AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ................. 6
2.1. Safeguard policies of the World Bank ............................................................................. 6
2.2. Relevant regulations of the Government of Vietnam. ........................................................... 6
2.3. Policies applicable in the subproject .................................................................................... 7
CHAPTER III PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................ 10
3.1. Objectives and scope..................................................................................................... 10
3.1.1. Subproject objectives .............................................................................................. 10
3.1.2. Subproject scope ..................................................................................................... 10
3.2. Scope of Works and specifications .................................................................................... 11
3.3. Subproject main activities ................................................................................................. 13
CHAPTER IV ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE OF THE PROJECT AREA .............................. 14
4.1. Physical and chemical environment .............................................................................. 14
4.1.1 Water resources ........................................................................................................ 14
4.1.2. Land and minerals ................................................................................................... 16
4.1.3. Air environment quality ......................................................................................... 17
4.2. Ecosystems and biological resources ............................................................................. 17
4.2.1. Agricultureal ecosystems ........................................................................................ 17
4.2.2. Biodiversity ............................................................................................................. 18
4.3. Social environment ........................................................................................................ 19
4.3.1. Population and distribution ..................................................................................... 14
4.3.2. Ethnic groups, compositions and customs .............................................................. 14
4.3.3. Religions, beliefs and cultural facilities .................................................................. 14
4.3.4. Education ................................................................................................................. 14
4.3.5. Life quality and public health.................................................................................. 15
4.3.6. Labour and employment.......................................................................................... 15
4.3.7. Economy, economic sectors .................................................................................... 16
4.3.8. Current status of irrigation and drainage systems and water use activities ........ 22
CHAPTER V POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES .................................. 18
5.1. Subproject activities and environmental impacts. ......................................................... 18
5.1.1. Pre-construction phase. ........................................................................................... 18
5.1.2. Construction phase .................................................................................................. 19
5.1.3. Operation phase. ...................................................................................................... 20
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5.2. Mitigation measures ....................................................................................................... 24
5.2.1. Pre-construction phase ............................................................................................ 24
5.2.2. Construction phase .................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2.3. Operation phase ....................................................................................................... 29
CHAPTER VI MONITORING PROGRAM ...................................................................................... 31
6.1. Compliance monitoring ................................................................................................. 31
6.2. Environmental quality monitoring ................................................................................. 31
CHAPTER VII IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT ............................................................... 35
7.1. Environmental management plan, role and responsibilities of stakeholders ................. 35
7.1.1. Pre-construction ...................................................................................................... 35
7.1.2. Construction ............................................................................................................ 35
7.1.3. Operation ................................................................................................................. 37
7.2. External monitoring ....................................................................................................... 37
7.3. Handling environmental complaints, grievances mechanism ........................................ 38
7.4. Cost estimates for EMP implementation ....................................................................... 38
7.5. Role and responsiblity of stakeholders .......................................................................... 42
CHAPTER VIII COMMUNITY CONSULTATION ......................................................................... 46
8.1. Community consultation and information dissemination .............................................. 46
8.2. Results of community consultation and information dissemination .............................. 46
8.3. Conclusion and local comments .................................................................................... 47
8.3.1. Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 47
8.3.2. Comments of local authorities in the subproject area ............................................. 47
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List of Tables
Table 3.1: Specifications of the main canal system.................................................................. 12
Table 3.2: System of structures on the canal ............................................................................ 12
Table 4.1: Statistics of water levels at Xuan Khanh hydrological station over years .............. 14
Table 4.2: Statistics of water levels at Giang hydrological station over years ......................... 15
Table 5.1. Summary of objects affected by the subproject ...................................................... 18
Table 5.2. Source of impacts by the subproject over phases .................................................... 21
Table 5.3. Specifications of mobile toilets ............................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 5.4. Measures to deal with construction solid waste ...... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 5.5. Hazardous waste collecting measures ..................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 5.6. Domestic waste collecting measures ....................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 5.7. Summary of impacts and mitigation measurs ......... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Table 7.1. Summary of nvironmental monitoring cost estimates in construction phase ............................. 38
Table 7.2. Summary of nvironmental monitoring cost estimates in operation phase .............. 41
Table 7.3. Capacity building on ECOP .................................................................................... 43
Table 7.4. Capacity building on EMP ...................................................................................... 43
Table 7.5. Reporting requirements ........................................................................................... 44
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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand
FF (CNF) Fatherland Front
CPC Commune People’s Committee
CPMU Central Project Management Unit
CPO Central Project Office
CSC Construction Supervision Consultant
CSEP Contract-based specific environmental plan
DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural Development
DONRE Department of Natural Resources and Environment
EIA Environmental Impacts Assessment
ECOP Environmental Code of Practices
EMDP Ethnic Minorities Development Plan
EMP Environmental Management Plan
ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework
GoV Government of Vietnam
LEP Law of Environmental Protection
MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
OP World Banks’ Operational Policy
PESU Provincial Environmental Supervision Unit
PPC Provincial People’s Committee
PPMU Provincial Project Management Unit
NTS (QCVN) National Technical Regulations
RAP Resettlement Action Plan
REA Regional environment assessment
EA Environmental Assessment
RPF Resettlement Policy Framework
TCVN Vietnam standards
UXO Unexploded Ordinance
WB World Bank
PS Pumping station
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
“South Ma river pumping station canal system upgrading” subproject is under the
Irrigated Agriculture Improvement Project. The project is implemented to upgrade irrigation
schemes to provide better irrigation services, contributing to the efficiency improvement of
agricultural production in a sustainable way under climate change adaptation, in line with the
local and national agricultural sector development orientation. This goal is also consistent
with the oriented priorities of the donor which is the World Bank (WB).
Description: The subproject shall include
(i) Institutional support and policy for improved water management, including IMC,
Water User Organizations (WUOs) and data analysis system (SCADA) support.
(ii) Repair and upgrading two main canals, i.e. North and South canals, with total
length L = 43,377.5m, 15 branch canals with total length L = 86,063.1m. The North main
canal (South Ma River pumping station), which starts at the discharge tank of South Ma river
pumping station at K34 +928.3 - in Kieu town - Yen Dinh district, ends at Dinh Cong
Commune, Yen Dinh district, has a total length of 23,627m. The South main canal (South Ma
River pumping station), which starts from K23+542.6, 500m after But Bridge siphon, ends at
Thieu Hop - Thieu Hoa district, has a total length of 19.818m;
(iii) Develop a pilot climate-smart agriculture model in terms of: (i) improving
production support services, increasing agricultural product value; (ii) land management and
protection; and (iii) access to advanced agronomic engineering, sustainable production for the
project area.
Impacts and mitigation measures: In general, the subproject has positive impacts, and
negative impacts will be mitigated by mitigation measures. Major potential negative impacts
that may occur are: (a) land acquisition, which may affect income and livelihood of affected
households; (b) ground clearance, which requires removal of vegetation covers and some
existing structures and objects; and (c) negative impacts from construction activities with
dusts, noise, waste and wastewater generation, erosion and safety risks, traffic and social
disturbance, disruptions of existing services etc. during construction and operation. There is
no natural reserve or any known critical natural habitats in the project area.
Affected people will be compensated in accordance with the Resettlement Policy
Framework (RPF) and Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) which are documented separately.
Negative impacts that may occur during ground clearance and construction are mainly due to
excavation and ground clearance activities and construction or works and structures on the
canal. The impacts of construction activities are mostly localised, temporary and can be
mitigated through the implementation of Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOP) and close
consultation with local governments and communities during planning for construction
schedule. The contractors’ environmental compliance will be supervised by construction
supervision engineers.
Implementation Arrangements: The Central Project Office (CPO) shall be responsible
for overall monitoring on project compliance and implementation of environmental capacity
building activities for the subproject including training for project staff. The Provincial
Project Management Unit (PPMU) will be responsible for ensuring environmental compliance
of the sub-project.
Budgeting: Cost for the implementation of mitigation measures during the
construction phase is part of the subproject construction cost; The Costs of environmental
supervision during construction will be included in the total costs of construction supervision;
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Cost for monitoring work during the operation phase is part of IMC’s project operating
budget. Budget for safeguards training for staff will be part of CPO’s project management
cost; Budget for compensation and resettlement, unexploded ordinance, pest management,
community consultation is allocated in separate packages within PPMU’s management and
implementation.
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CHAPTER I
GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1. Brief introduction to the Project
- Project name: Vietnam Irrigated Agriculture Improvement Project (VIAIP/WB7).
- Places of construction: 03 Northern mountainous and 04 Central coastal provinces,
namely, Ha Giang, Phu Tho, Hoa Binh, Thanh Hoa, Ha Tinh, Quang Tri and Quang Nam.
- Financing: World Bank loan and Government o Vietnam counterpart fund.
- Project objectives and tasks:
Long-term objectives:
+ Ensure effective and sustainable access to irrigation/drainage services invested and
upgraded to the rural areas of Northern mountainous and Central provinces in Vietnam.
+ Enhance competition capacity and maximize benefits of irrigated agriculture (climate-
smart agricultural production and GHG emissions reduction).
Short-term objectives:
Support some Northern mountainous and Central provinces to upgrade their
irrigation/drainage schemes to provide better irrigation/drainage services, contributing to the
efficiency improvement of agricultural production in a sustainable way under climate change
adaptation. These objectives could be achieved through the following activities:
Water management improvement, institutional support and policy for
improved water management;
Irrigation/drainage infrastructure improvement;
Climate-smart agricultural support services.
Project tasks:
+ Irrigated areas supplied with modern irrigation/drainage services;
+ Number of water users provided with modern irrigation and drainage scheme;
+ Number of provincial and district irrigation works management companies (IMCs)
expanded and less dependent on the State budget;
+ Number of WUOs established and in charge of irrigation works operating and
maintenance;
+ Percentage of farmers in irrigation areas receving climate-smart agricultural practices;
+ Number of people/households accessing to fresh and sustainable water resoures.
Project resources and components:
+ There area two financing sources for project implementation, including US$ 180
million of ODA fund and expected US$ 30 million of counterpart fund. The project total
investment is estimated as US$ 210 million. Project fund allocation to four components is
expected to follow:
+ The project is expectedly designed to consist of 4 components with specific
objectives and respective duties as follows:
Component A: Institutional support and policy for improved water management (Estimated
cost: US$ 10 million).
Component B: Irrigation/Drainage schemes upgrading (Estimated cost: US$ 170 million)
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Component C: Support services for climate-smart agricultural practices (Estimated cost: US$
25 million).
Component D: M&E and Project management (Estimated cost: US$ 5 million).
1.2. General introduction on the subproject
- Subproject name: South Ma river pumping station canal system upgrading.
- Places of construction: Yen Dinh, Thieu Hoa districts - Thanh Hoa province.
- Subproject objectives:
General objective: Upgrade and rehabilitate the South Ma river irrigation scheme to ensure
the stable supply of irrigation water for 11,525 (ha) of agricultural land in 2 districts,
Yen Dinh and Thieu Hoa; promote shifts in crops and livestock structures in favor of
economically valuable species, global climate change adaptation; increase in
productivity and yield; guarantee the food security, contributing to the improvement of
people’s life in the project area, promoting the regional socio-economic development.
Specific objectives:
+ Shift the entire 11,525 (ha) from dynamic irrigation into gravity irrigation.
+ Increase the proactive irrigated area from 6,836 (ha) to 11,525 (ha).
+ Increase the area Winter crop by 2,135 (ha).
+ Increase the agricultural production output.
+ Expand the area of aquaculture; increasing the production and output.
+ Partially overcome the consequences of climate change by keeping the whole water amount
to irrigate for the South Ma river region (approximately 19m3/s) for water supply pumping stations at
Ma river downstream for operation, contributing to limit saltwater intrusion into the inland.
+ Capacity building for sustainable irrigation system management; building,
consolidating and developing IMC and WUAs.
The project components:
a. Component A: Institutional support and policy for improved water management.
* Objective: Institutional and capacity building for IMC and WUAs. The key objective is to
better organize the administrative management of water resources and irrigation related services.
* Expected cost estimates: VND 30.4 billion (equivalent to USD 1.453 million).
b. Component B: Irrigation and drainage infrastructure: Upgrading, rehabilitation and
completion of entire main and primary canal system, structures on the canal system of Ma river
pumping station taking water from Cua Dat reservoir to supply with sufficient flow and rise up
water level to guarantee gravity irrigation for 11,525ha rice and vegetables of Yen Dinh and Thieu
Hoa districts, improving sustainability of works, saving power, water and land for works
construction. The component scale covers 2 main canals, the North and the South, with total
length L = 43,377.5m, 15 branch canals with total length of L = 86,063.1m
c. Component C: Agricultural support service. Total cost estimate is VND 64.36
billion (equivalent to USD 3.076 million).
* Objective: Increased crop yield; crop diversitication; increased farmers’ income;
Climate-smart agricultural development.
1.3. Report purposes and structure.
1.3.1. Report purposes: Reduce to a minimum the potential negative impacts of
construction process on the local environment and community. Contractors shall implement
activities in accordance with the following contents and close contact with supervisors or/and
site engineers recruited by the project owner for contract supervision.
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1.3.2. Report structure: 8 chapters:
Chapter I : General introduction
Chapter II : Policies, regulations and institutional framework
Chapter III : Project description
Chapter IV : Subproject area environmental baseline
Chapter V : Potential impacts and mitigation measures
Chapter VI : Environmental quality and compliance monitoring program
Chapter VII : Implementation arrangements
Chapter VIII : Community consultation
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CHAPTER II
POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
2.1. Applicable World Bank Safeguards Policies
The following WB’s safeguards policies in the Irrigated Agriculture
ImprovementProject include:
- Environmental Assessment (OP/BP 4.01);
- Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37);
- Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12);
- Pest Management (OP 4.09);
- Physical Cultural Resources (OP/BP 4.11);
- Indigenous Peoples (OP/BP 4.10);
- Projects on International Waterways (OP/BP 7.50);
2.2. Relevant regulations of the Government of Vietnam.
- Cultural Heritage Law No.28/2001/QH10 dated June 29, 2001;
- Land Law No.13/2003/QH11 dated November 26, 2003;
- Forest protection and development law No.29/2004/QH11 dated December 03, 2004;
- Law on Environmental Protection No.52/2005/QH11 dated November 29, 2005;
- Bio-diversification law No.20/2008/QH12 dated November 13, 2008;
- Decree No.80/2006/ND-CP dated 09/8/2006 of the Government on detailing
regulations and guiding on implementation of some articles of the Law on Environmental
Protection;
- Decree No.59/2007/ND-CP dated 09/4/2007 of the Government on solid waste
management;
- Decree No.72/2007/ND-CP dated 07/5/2007 of the Government on safety
management of dams;
- Decree No.21/2008/ND-CP dated 28/2/2008 of the Government on amending and
supplementing a number of articles of Decree No.80/2006/ND-CP dated 09/8/2006 of the
Government on detailing regulations and guiding on implementation of some articles of the
Law on Environmental Protection;
- Decree No.29/2011/ND-CP dated 18/4/2011 of the Government on strategic
environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment, environmental protection
commitments;
- Circular No.13/2007/TT-BXD dated 31/12/2007 of the Ministry of Construction
guiding a number of articles of Decree No.59/2007/ND-CP dated 09/4/2007 of the
Government on solid waste management;
- Circular No.26/2011/TT-BTNMT dated 18/7/2011 of the Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment detailing a number of articles of Decree No.29/2011/ND-CP
dated 18/4/2011 of the Government on strategic environmental assessment, environmental
impact assessment, environmental protection commitments;
Regulations on environmental quality that need consideration are listed in Appendix 2.
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2.3. Applicable Bank safeguards polcies and national laws in the subproject
No. Applicable policies in the subproject Remark
(i) WB’s safeguards policies
- Environmental Assessment (OP/BP
4.01);
OP 4.01 is triggered as the subproject
involves civil works that have potential
negative socio-environmental impacts.
Safeguard tools including Environmental
assessment, Environmental Management Plan
and Resettlement Action Plan were prepared
to ensure the negative environmental and
social are mitigated, positive socio-
environmental benefits are enhanced to
ensure sound and sustainable investments.
- Safety of Dams (OP/BP 4.37);
This policy is triggered to ensure that
adequate safety assessment of these dams are
completed prior to project implementation
since the project involves activities of repair,
and rehabilitation or drawing water from
some existing dams. For Thanh Hoa sub-
project, a separate report on dam safety has
been prepared for Cua Dat reservoir
The subproject of Thanh Hoa draws water
from Cua Dat reservoir through a main canal
and the subproject location is more than 100
km far from Cua Dat reservoir. An O&M and
Emergency Preparedness Plan had been
prepared in accordance with national
requirements
-Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12); This policy is triggered as 7.15 ha of land will
be permanently acquired
- Pest Management (OP 4.09); - Improved canal system will extend irrigated
agricultural areas. OP 4.09 is triggered as the
extended irrigated agricultural involves pest
management practices that may be related to
pesticide. This policy is triggered to minimize
and manage the environmental and health
risks associated with the transportation,
storage, handling and disposal of pesticide.
An Integrated Pest Management Plan was
prepared to promote and support safe,
effective, and environmentally sound pest
management.
- Physical Cultural Resources (OP/BP
4.11).
During project preparation phase, there are 12
graves determined to be affected and will be
relocated in Sub-Project 6 of Thanh Hoa
province and thus this policy is triggered. The
Chance find procedures introduced in the
ESMF will also be applied when necessary
- Projects on International Waterways
(OP/BP 7.50)
The Sub-Project in Thanh Hoa will draw
water from Cua Dat Reservoir which
stores water from Chu River. Chu River
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No. Applicable policies in the subproject Remark
originates from Laos and is the largest
tributary of Ma River. However, the
Project essentially involves rehabilitation
of existing schemes. It does not involve
works and activities that would exceed the
original scheme, change its nature, or alter
and expand its scope and extent to make it
appear a new or different scheme.
Moreover, the Project: (a) will not
adversely affect the quality or quantity of
water flows to the other riparians; and (b)
will not be adversely affected by other
riparian’s water use. Paragraph 7 of OP
7.50 sets out three exceptions to the
Bank’s requirement that the other riparian
states be notified about the Project. After
analyzing the exceptions, this Project falls
within the exception provided for in
paragraph 7(a) of OP 7.50. The exception
memo has been prepared and cleared by
LEGEN, LEGES and RVP.
(ii) GoV’s policies
- Land Law No.13/2003/QH11 dated
November 26, 2003;
- Law on Environmental Protection
No.52/2005/QH11 dated November 29,
2005;
- Bio-diversification law
No.20/2008/QH12 dated November 13,
2008;
- Decree No.80/2006/ND-CP dated
09/8/2006 of the Government on
detailing regulations and guiding on
implementation of some articles of the
Law on Environmental Protection;
- Decree No.59/2007/ND-CP dated
09/4/2007 of the Government on solid
waste management;
- Decree No.72/2007/ND-CP dated
07/5/2007 of the Government on safety
management of dams;
- Decree No.29/2011/ND-CP dated
18/4/2011 of the Government on
strategic environmental assessment,
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No. Applicable policies in the subproject Remark
environmental impact assessment,
environmental protection commitments;
- Circular No.13/2007/TT-BXD dated
31/12/2007 of the Ministry of
Construction guiding a number of articles
of Decree No.59/2007/ND-CP dated
09/4/2007 of the Government on solid
waste management;
- Circular No.26/2011/TT-BTNMT dated
18/7/2011 of the Ministry of Natural
Resources and Environment detailing a
number of articles of Decree
No.29/2011/ND-CP dated 18/4/2011 of
the Government on strategic
environmental assessment, environmental
impact assessment, environmental
protection commitments.
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CHAPTER III
SUBPROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1. Objectives and scope
3.1.1. Subproject objectives
- Shift the entire 11,525 (ha) from dynamic irrigation into gravity irrigation.
- Increase the proactive irrigated area from 6,836 (ha) to 11,525 (ha).
- Increase the area winter crop by 2,135 (ha).
- Increase the agricultural production output.
- Expand the area of aquaculture; increasing the production and output.
- Partially overcome the consequences of climate change by keeping the whole water amount
to irrigate for the South Ma river region (approximately 19 m3/s) for water supply pumping stations at
Ma river downstream for operation, contributing to limit saltwater intrusion into the inland.
- Capacity building for sustainable irrigation system management; building,
consolidating and developing IMC and WUAs.
3.1.2. Subproject scope
- The project area is about 30km distant from Thanh Hoa City to the north-west,
including 34 communes and towns of Yen Dinh and Thieu Hoa districts. The project area
in located within the Ma River basin, surrounded by 02 big rivers, Ma river and Chu river,
with Cau Chay and Mao Khe rivers in the middle which forms the key agricultural
production area of Thanh Hoa Province, ensuring a stable irrigation water sources for 11,525
(ha) of agricultural production land of Yen Dinh and Thieu Hoa districts.
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- The proposed subproject involves in 03 components of the project, including Components 1,
2 and 3. Wherein:
Component 1: Institutional and policy support for improved water management:
Institutional and capacity strengthening of the IMC and WUOs. The main objective is to
better organize the administrative management of water resources and irrigation related
services; and
Component 3: Agricultural Support Services: Increased crop yields, crop
diversification; increased farmers’ income. Building a climate-smart agriculture for the
project area
Component 2: Irrigation infrastructure improvement.
The subproject is invested to repair and upgrade two main canals, i.e. North and South
canals, with total length L = 43,377.5m, 15 branch canals with total length L = 86,063.1m.
The North main canal (South Ma River pumping station), which starts at the discharge tank of
South Ma river pumping station at K34 +928.3 - in Kieu town - Yen Dinh district, ends at
Dinh Cong Commune, Yen Dinh district, has a total length of 23,627m. The South main canal
(South Ma River pumping station), which starts from K23+542.6, 500m after But Bridge
siphon, ends at Thieu Hop - Thieu Hoa district, has a total length of 19.818m. The upgraded
canal mainly lies on the old one, so impacts by land acquisition are negligible. Total area of
permanent land acquisition for construction is 7.15 (ha). The project does not cause any
impacts on the ethnic minorities.
This EMP focuses on giving the environmenal management plan for the subproject
component 2.
3.2. Items and specifications
- North main canal (South Ma River pumping station), starting at the exhaust tank of
South Ma River pumping station at K34+928.3 in Kieu town, Yen Dinh district and ending at
Dinh Cong commune, Yen Dinh district, has a total length of 23.627 km.
+ Irrigated area: 6,492 (ha).
+ Designed discharge at the canal head: 8.92 m3/s.
+ Water level at the canal head: (+11.35) compared to the current (+10.40) of South
river pumping station, it requires to highten the existing canal bank by (0.8-1.0m).
- South main canal (South Ma River pumping station), starting at K23+542.6 and
ending in Thieu Hoa commune, Thieu Hoa district, has a total length of 19.818 km.
+ Irrigated area: 4,662 (ha).
+ Designed discharge: 6.394 m3/s.
+ Water level at the canal head: (+9.41) compared to the current (+8.70m) of South
river pumping station, it requires to highten the existing canal bank by (0.8-1.1m).
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Table 3.1: Specifications of the main canal system
No. Specifications Unit North main canal South main canal
1 Canal length km 23,627 19,818
2 Designed water level at the
canal head m 11.35 9.41
3 Designed water level at the
canal end m 4.56 4.87
4 Discharge at the canal head m3/s 8.92 6.394
5 Discharge at the canal end m3/s 0.13 0.246
Source:Subproject description report
- Canal cross-sections and structures on the canal
+ Canal cross-sections
For the old reinforced canals whose cross-sections are inadequate for designed flow
loading, preserving the existing cross-sections and making higher embankment for the canal
with reinforced concrete M20, height of transition wall, h = (33 145) cm.
For the earth canal sections: Reinforcing with form of rectangular cross-section box
canals.
Structure: Canal of reinforced concrete M20, canal bottom of (0.18-0.35)m thick, wall
of (0.2-0.35)m thick, crest of (0.15.0.20)m.
Main canals using one bank as combined management and rural traffic road of type A;
Bn=5m, reinforced surface of 3m wide with concrete. Take full advantage of existing public
roads close to the canal as construction and management road.
Branch canals using one bank as combined management and construction road:
Designing as the status quo, roadbed width B=3.0m, reinforced surface width b=2.0m with
normal concrete of 16cm thick and a 10cm sand compact layer underneath.
+ Structures on the canal
Total number of structures on the canal is 1,294, with permanent structure of M200
reinforced concrete combined with M150 concrete.
Table 3.2: System of structures on the canal
No. Items Unit Renewal Repair Total
1 Direct sluice Pcs 567 83 650
2 Sluice at the beginning of the
canal Pcs 77 9 86
3 Rudimentary bridge Pcs 320 6 326
4 Mechanical bridge Pcs 41 2 43
5 Sag drain Pcs 26 22 48
6 Washing berth Pcs 97 97
7 Aquaduct Pcs 13 13
8 Cong regulation,
regulatory clusters Pcs
9 9
9 Extended culvert Pcs 21 21
10 Water slope pcs 1 1
Source:Subproject description report
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3.3. Subproject main activities
The main activities include:
- Ground clearance:
+ Land acquisition
+ DMS
+ Making a compensation plan
+ Compensation payment
- Unexploded ordinance:
+ Surface cleaning work.
+ Mines detection and handle of mines discovered.
- Works construction: 02 main canals (the South main canal and the North main
canal), branch canal system and structures on the canal:
+ Hand-over of central and key works and surface to construction contractors
+ Building camps, gathering materials, machines, construction vehicles
+ Pit excavation, demolition of old works, transportation to landfill in accordance with
the relevant regulations
+ Transportation of construction materials
+ Installation of formwork, concreting works and structures on the canal
+ Earth work of canals, structures on the canal and construction layout return.
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CHAPTER 4
EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF THE PROJECT AREA
4.1. Physical and chemical environment
4.1.1 Water resources
Average annual rainfall is about 1,730-1,980 mm; however, the rainfall may reach to
2,560mm or drop to 870mm in some year. Every year, rainfall is divided into two seasons:
rainy season from May to October with rainfall up to 85% of the total annual rainfall, while
the other from December to April of the following year, with only 15% of rainfall. The
continuous variability of rain has led to difficulties in the organization of production
activities.
Adjacent to the study area, there is a network of meteorological observation of Thanh
Hoa city with available observation data from 1958 to present. Xuan Khanh hydrological
station (K26 on the right dyke of Chu river) and Giang hydrological station (K37.2 on the
right dyke of Ma river) provide hydrological data, water level gauged in Chu and Ma rivers.
Our hydrographic data is taken by Hon Dau tide water level from 1960 to present.
Table 4.1: Statistics of water levels at Xuan Khanh hydrological station over years
Year
Water level value
Annually average
(cm)
Maximum
(cm)
Minimum
(cm)
Dry season
average (Dec-Jun)
(cm)
1988 295 1217 225 248
1989 331 998 216 242
1990 343 1014 228 275
1991 281 950 207 248
1992 269 1144 199 225
1993 269 622 198 225
1994 336 1266 184 223
1995 316 1018 212 248
1996 336 988 201 233
1997 327 846 224 275
1998 268 674 216 251
1999 299 614 201 240
2000 305 1015 218 263
2001 322 783 223 257
2002 307 529 206 252
2003 281 828 203 245
2004 274 583 199 228
2005 306 1053 189 214
2006 284 583 208 253
2007 277 1261 187 213
Source: Subproject description report
Giang hydrological station is located at K37.2 on the right dyke of Ma river (around
K50 on the right dyke of Chu river):
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Table 4.2: Statistics of water levels at Giang hydrological station over years
Year
Water level value
Annually
average (cm)
Maximum
(cm)
Minimum
(cm)
Dry season
average (Dec-Jun)
(cm)
1988 48 675 -91 33
1989 70 570 -105 34
1990 76 513 -86 41
1991 48 438 -90 37
1992 39 533 -99 26
1993 40 472 -104 31
1994 92 662 -95 35
1995 46 529 -118 18
1996 63 581 -114 13
1997 46 386 -123 19
1998 23 238 -118 9
1999 41 224 -131 14
2000 46 558 -118 19
2001 57 328 -124 19
2002 50 231 -124 14
2003 36 341 -137 20
2004 29 235 -143 10
2005 45 534 -152 3
2006 28 297 -150 10
2007 37 728 -145 14
Surface water quality
To assess the quality of surface water environment in the subproject area, the survey
team conducted sampling at 15 locations throughout the project site. Refer to Appendix 3 for
sampLing results and locations.
Checking with QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT: National technical regulation on surface
water quality, level A2, it shows:
- pH: Surface water samples in the subproject area have a pH ranging from 6.3-7.5,
satisfactory with the permitted regulation.
- Content of dissolved oxygen (DO): Surface water samples of the subproject area
have dissolved oxygen content ranging from 4.1-6.5mg/l, basically satisfactory with the
permitted regulations. As for positions Nm1, Nm2, Nm5, Nm6, DO is lower than level A2 in
the regulation.
- Content of organic matter - COD and BOD5: Surface water samples have BOD5
content satisfactory with B1 level permitted. COD value in the samples is basically
satisfactory with A2 level permitted except for some positions Nm4, Nm5, Nm7, Nm9, and
Nm13 where COD exceeds the permitted level but not too much.
- Total suspended solids: Analyzed water samples have contents of suspended solids
ranging from 23-41mg/l, mostly exceeding A2 level but still satisfactory with B1 level.
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- Nutrient content: At sampling locations, value of parameters NO3-, PO43- and
NH4+ was satisfactory.
- Arsenic: Arsenic contents in analyzed samples are within the permitted level, some
locations have Arsenic value of undetectable level.
- Fat content in water samples is lower than permitted regulations.
- Coliform ranges from 2,800-6,800 MPN/100ml, in some locations, Coliform exceeds
beyond A2 level but not too much.
- Residues of plant protection chemicals: Results of plant protection chemicals
analysis shows Chlorine group and Phosphorus group of the samples are satisfactory.
Thus, the surface water quality in the project area has parameters analyzed to basically
satisfy the QCVN 08:2008/BTNMT: National technical regulation on surface water quality.
Some locations have parameters BOD5, COD and TSS exceeding beyond the permitted level,
but not too much. This can be explained by the impact of domestic waste from a number of
households in the environment (wastewater from toilets, livestock barns), particularly
farming, poultry grazing on the canals. BOD5, COD and TSS in some locations is over A2
permitted level but still within B1 which shows that water quality in the project area is
basically in pretty good condition.
Underground water quality
To assess the quality of underground water environment in the subproject area, the
survey team conducted sampling at 10 locations throughout the project site. Refer to
Appendix 3 for sampking results and locations.
Checking with the National technical regulation QCVN 09:2008/BTNMT on
underground water quality, at the subproject sampling locations, parameters are analyzed
lower than permitted levels.
4.1.2. Land and minerals
Thieu Hoa district manages and uses a total land fund of 17,547.52 ha, of which
14,842.83, equivalent to 84.6% of the total land area of the district has been used. Unused
land area is 2,704.69 ha, equivalent to 15.4% of the total natural land area. River area
occupies by 1,702.87ha, equivalent to 10% of natural land area.
- Agricultural land: 11,045.06h, accounting for 62.94% of the total natural land area.
- Forest land: 130.70 ha, accounting for 0.75% of the natural land area.
- Specialized land: 2,644.28ha, accounting for 15.4% of the natural land area.
- Residential land: 968.73ha, accounting for 5.6% of the natural land area.
- Unused land: 2,704.69ha, accounting for 15.4% of the natural land area.
The district natural land area classified into the following types of land, including:
- Grey soil: 52,84 ha: 52.84 ha
- Variable alluvial soil: 14,068 ha
- Gutter soil: 119 ha.
Overall, land of Thieu Hoa district is mainly alluvial soils with good physical and
chemical properties, consistent with the growth and development of variety of crops.
For Yen Dinh district, as its terrain is along the Ma river, land resources of Yen Dinh
are largely alluvial soil distributed in focus. The natural land area is 21,024.12ha, including
12,608.94ha of agricultural land, accounting for 58.50%; 836.77 ha of forest land, accounting
for 4.17%, 2994.99 ha of specialized land, accounting for 16.45 %; 853.30ha of residential
land, accounting for 4.05% and 3,730.12ha of unused land 3730.12, accounting for 16.83%
(according to Geography book dated 31-12-1997). With typical feature of alluvial soil
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distributed in focus, it is favorable for infrastructure investment, technical measures
application to production, intensive cultivation, crop yields increase, creating specialized
areas of crop development towards the production of goods and raw materials for industrial
development.
Regarding the quality of the soil environment in the subproject area, the analysis and
evaluation results are summarized in Appendix 3.
QCVN 03:2008/BTNMT: Soil quality – Maximum permitted limits of heavy metals in
soil – Agricultural purposed soil.
Comments: Checking with QCVN 03:2008/BTNMT – National technical regulations
on Maximum permitted limits of heavy metals in soil – Agricultural purposed soil, it is shown
that value of heavy metals in soil at sampling locations is satisfactory.
Regarding mineral resources, as conditions are restricted for exploration and
investigation, potential minerals in the ground are not yet fully detected. Quarries that can be
exploited as building materials are scattered in a number of communes, such as Thieu Duong,
Thieu Vu, Thieu Tien, Thieu Thanh of Thieu Hoa district, but with small stocks. Chu River
reserves of about 500,000 tonnes of sand. The sand here has good quality for construction,
especially gold sand for concreting work. Clay for bricks has large reserve distributed in
several communes of the subproject area.
4.1.3. Air quality
To assess the quality of air environment in the subproject area, the survey team
conducted sampling at 15 locations throughout the project site. Refer to Appendix 3 for
sampking results and locations.
Results of air environment quality analysis in the subproject area show that:
Noise: Checking with QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT: National technical regulation on
noise which limits the maximum noise levels in areas where people live, act, and work and
noise generated by human activities, regardless of sources of noise, noise generating location
is 70 dBA. Thus, at the survey location of the project ground, the average noise level is 51-66
dBA, lower than in the permitted regulation.
Dust content: Checking QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: National technical regulation on
ambient air quality (averaged for 1h) prescribing the maximum content of suspended dust of
300g/m3. TSP dust content at survey locations is lower than in the permitted regulation.
Chemical agents in air environment: Value of parameters: carbon monoxide (CO),
sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrous dioxide (NO2) checked with QCVN 05:2009/BTNMT: National
technical regulation on ambient air quality, content of these chemical agents at survey
locations is lower than in the permitted regulation.
Thus, at survey locations, the subproject air environment quality has measured and
analyzed parameters which comply with QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT and QCVN
05:2009/BTNMT.
4.2. Ecosystems and biological resources
4.2.1. Agricultural ecosystems
The whole arable land of the project area is irrigated by pumps, small dams and rain;
however, the irrigated area just reached 35% of agricultural land area. Cultivation is mainly
rice, product value is mainly unhusked rice which accounts for 65 - 70%, rice production
output value has quite good development step. Winter crop production in 2011-2012 in Thieu
Hoa district: 3,314 ha of crops cultivated. (Corn: 1.864ha, Soybeans: 143ha, Potatoes: 131.5
ha, sweet potato: 209.35 ha, other secondary crops: 966.15 ha).
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Area of secondary crops and industrial plants varies around 7,890 ha; secondary crops
are mainly maize, potatoes, cassava. Short-term industrial crops are mainly sugarcane with
average productivity of about 60 tons/ha. Secondary crops also include upland crops like
peanuts, beans, sesame, vegetables...
For Yen Dinh district, total arable area is 30,143.6ha. Rice area has good quality and
production of 7,700 ha, including 1,750 ha of seed rice production (487.8ha of F1 hybrid
rice). Winter crop area is 5,538 ha. Safe vegetables production area has been expanded to
31.5ha, increasing by 21.5ha over the same period. Many new production models have been
successfully implemented and continued to expand, such as chilly for exports, sweet corn,
green asparagus, cucumbers...
Regarding cattle and poultry, by the end of 2011 in Thieu Hoa district, the number of
buffalo was 1898 - increasing by 0.1% compared to the same period; Cows: 27,656 - reducing
by 6.1% compared to 2010; Pigs: 55,216 – reducing by 21.3% compared to the same period.
The district has 382 small and medium farms, 178 of which have been certified, including 4
farms in focus towards the industrial development and eligible for entitling the provincial and
district demand exciting policy. For Yen Dinh district, the total herd of 9,215 buffalos, 19,178
cows, 51,758 pigs, and poultry of 1,162 million pcs. So far, the district has 870 farms,
including 93 farms which meet the new criteria.
4.2.2. Biodiversty
To assess the status of biodiversity in the subproject area, the survey team has
collected, analyzed samples of typical aquatic groups, including phytoplankton, zooplankton
and benthic at representative locations in the subproject area.
4.2.2.1. Phytoplankton
In the subproject area, the team has identified 57 species of algae belonging to 5
branches, namely Bacillariophyta (diatoms), Chlorophyta (green algae), Cyanophyta (blue
algae), Euglenophyta (Eye algae), Pyrrophyta (two-groove algae)
The average density of sampling points was 89,006.67 cells/liter, the highest was
118,110 cells/liter in branch canals in Van Ha town, Thieu Hoa district (coordinates of
19°53’41.02’’N; 105°40’54.10’’E), the lowest was 72,800 cells/liter in branch canals in Thieu
Ngoc commune, Thieu Hoa district (coordinates of 19°56’32.72’’N, 105°36’25.25’’E). The
average Shannon Weiner Index of the entire region is 3.37 (good biodiversity).
4.2.2.2. Zooplankton
It the subproject area, the team has identified 56 species of zooplankton belonging to
44 varieties, 18 families, 5 sets, 3 layers, 2 branches, namely Rotatoria and Arthropoda.
According to Table 2.14, the number of planktonic species of Crustacea (Crustacean)
class is highest with 36 species (accounting for 64.29%), followed by Monogononta class
with 17 species (accounting for 30.36%), Bdelloidea class has only 3 species (accounting for
5.36%).
The average zooplankton density of all entire subproject area is 30,020 individuals/m3.
The highest density was 47.700 individuals/m3 in the South canal, section passing through
Thieu Vu commune, Thieu Hoa district (coordinates of 19°55’45.88’’N, 105°37.6.29’’E); the
lowest density was 19,600 individuals/m3 in the South canal, section passing through Thieu
Tien commune, Thieu Hoa district (coordinates of 19°54’16.95’’N, 105°39’1.85’’E). The
average Shannon Weiner Index of the entire region is 3.01 (good biodiversity).
4.2.2.3. Benthic
It the subproject area the team has identified 62 species of benthic belonging to 32
seeds, 18 families, 8 sets, 5 layers, 3 branches, namely Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca.
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Mollusca dominates in number of species compared with other with 31 species
(accounting for 50%), in which the Bivalvia class has 12 species (accounting for 19.35%),
Gastropoda class has 19 species (accounting for 30.65%). Next is Annedila with 17 species
(accounting for 27.42%), including Oligochaeta class of 14 species (accounting for 22.58%),
Polychaeta class of 3 species (accounting for 4.84%). The lowest is Arthropoda with 14
species (accounting for 22.58%); these species all belong to Crustacea class (Table 2.15).
The average benthic density in the entire subproject area was 20.07 individuals/m2.
The highest individual density was 43 individuals/m2 in branch canals of Van Ha town, Thieu
Hoa district (coordinates of 19°53’41.02’’N, 105°40’54.10’’E), the lowest was 11
individuals/m2 in the South canal, section passing through Thieu Tien commune, Thieu Hoa
district (coordinates of 19°54’16.95’’N, 105°39’1.85’’E). The average Shannon Weiner Index
of the entire region is 2.05 (fair biodiversity).
Locations of background environmental survey are shown in maps below:
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4.3. Social environment
4.3.1. Population and distribution
The project area is about 30km distant from Thanh Hoa City to the north-west,
including 34 communes and towns of Yen Dinh and Thieu Hoa districts. The project area
in located within the Ma River basin, surrounded by 02 big rivers, Ma river and Chu river,
with Cau Chay and Mao Khe rivers in the middle which forms the key agricultural
production area of Thanh Hoa Province. Natural land area is 232.23 km2, agricultural land
area is 15,000ha, average population is 195,855, average population density is
843persons/km2.
4.3.2. Ethnic groups, compositions and customs
100% of the population in the subproject area is Kinh group; gender ratio is:
82.4/82.25; ratio of the population living in urban and rural areas: 10.45/165.45 (6.31%)
which is much lower than the provincial rate of 12.54%.
From the preliminary survey on population of 20 communes in the project area,
Yen Dinh district has a total population of 169,767 people, including 102,000 men and
67,767 women or 16,967 urban people and 152,800 people. Birth rate is estimated of
11.5%, death rate of 5.4%, natural growth rate of 6.13% in the year, according to the
survey results.
From communes in Thieu Hoa district, the district has a total population of 96,553
people who are all Kinh, including 58,000 men, 38.533 women or 9,655 urban people and
86,880 rural people; birth rate of 12.60%, death rate of 5.8%, natural growth rate of 6.8%,
according to the survey results.
Regarding customs and practices, people live mainly on agricultural production. For
recent years, Thieu Hoa and Yen Dinh have made investment and development for industries
diversification. Long-term income in agricultural production, increased efficiency of land use,
agricultural diversification and improvement of basic services and service connections have
been apparent akont factors that significantly contribute to poverty reduction situation in Yen
Dinh and Thieu Hoa.
4.3.3. Religions, beliefs and cultural facilities
In the subproject area, there are some communes with people of Catholic like Yen
Phong, Yen Thinh, Dinh Cong, Dinh Tan, Dinh Tuong, Dinh Binh (Yen Dinh district) and
Thieu Vu, Thieu Thanh, Thieu Phu communes (Thieu Hoa district).
Cultural life building; restoration and conservation of historical and cultural
monuments, management of cultural services are now more concerned. To date, there are 127
villages, 95 schools, 24 offices, 14 communes and towns have opened cultural units
(including 01 new in a commune); 112 villages, 22 offices, 48 schools and 07 communes and
towns have achieved the district level cultural titles (including 10 villages and 2 communes
that have been recently certified); 06 new additional village cultural houses have been built,
bringing to the total number of 258 village cultural houses. There are 7 monuments nationally
ranked, 42 monuments provincially ranked (5 new-ranked monuments).
4.3.4. Education
The education quality the subproject area in Thieu Hoa district has been improved.
The number of good pupils of junior school is ranked as 9/27 of district/town/city. The
number of professional qualified people in the whole project area: 3,033 university graduates,
3,702 college graduates, 5,155 professional secondary graduates. According to the
preliminary investigation of number of schools, primary schools, secondary schools located in
the project area, there are total of 39 schools: Primary school: 15 permanent schools and 03
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semi-permanent schools; Secondary schools: 15 permanent and 04 semi-permanent schools;
Secondary high schools: 02 permanent schools, no bamboo classrooms.
The percentage of children aged 6-18 not going to school in the two districts is 1.60%.
The main given reasons for not going to school are: learning is too expensive; some children
must work at home; some children are so bad at learning that they quit; some children are
chronically ill. At some locations distant from schools, roads system is limited, especially in
rural areas. Vehicles are unavailable while the adults are working away.
In addition to the above reasons for children’s not going to school, communes in Yen
Dinh district still keep maintaining results in education, popularising primary education at the
right age as well as secondary education; in the whole region, the number of people with
university degrees is 3,112, college and professional secondary degrees is 8,601. Total
number of schools in the project area: 42 secondary (high) and primary schools. All these 42
schools are permanent education facilities, no case of bamboo classrooms, facilitating all
pupils in the region to go to school.
4.3.5. Life quality and public health
The quality of health care throughout the project area of Thieu Hoa district has
been improved. Diseases prevention, food safety, environmental sanitation has been kept
being concerned. The implementation of National health care programs is effective,
communication and population family planning, maternal health and child care are much
concerned. There are 14 health care facilities in communes, with medical staff of 65
people. Medical team has been improved comprehensively; the number of beds is quickly
estimated of 97; good quality of medical examination and treatment helps reduce overload
in upper lines; in Van Ha town there is a Provincial Hospital to ensure the requirement for
health examination. The Hospital has received and examined 199,643 patients, reducing
by 19% over the same period. The number of health facilities in the district is 58,
including 2 State facilities, 30 commune/town/ward clinics and 26 private health facilities
legally registered; the number of doctors has been improved, including 196 medical
doctors, 98 pharmaceutical persons. In addition, the district has 29 communes which have
health clinics and workers.
The subproject area that goes through communes of Yen Dinh district has 20
commune qualified medical stations; the number of medical staff is 92, including nurses,
doctors; the number of beds is 156 to ensure the standard. Also in Quan Lao town, there is
the District Hospital, with 67,509 patients examined, reducing by 11.6% over the same
period, according to the survey results (Appendix Table 5, Table 6).
4.3.6. Labour and employment
For Yen Dinh district, the percentage of employed labors now is 96%, rate of trained
labor is 47%. There are also additional industrial sectors, small-scale industries which have
increased by 20.8% over the previous year. Under the policies of local governments, the
number of business households throughout the region is 2913. The number of registered
business households is 2238, including 1611 professional and 627 non-professional
households. These households mainly trade on diversified commodities and products. In
addition to the existing good-operation enterprises, the District continues to develop more
over years. So far, the total number of businesses in the area is 184 enterprises, including 72
limited companies, 28 joint-stock companies, 28 private companies and 46 cooperatives.
Good and effective production and operation of those business may contribute to the
commune socio-economic growth in the project area; for example, the tunnel brick factory
has created jobs and stable income for many workers ... It is also taking place the maintaining
and developing traditional and new industries, such as incense production, embroidery. For
Thieu Hoa district, it is gradually shifting labor from agricultural production to small scale
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industries development. In livestock sector, the district encourages and creates favorable
conditions for the people to promote livestock development under residential area distant farm
model, effective implementation of disease prevention, vaccination of cattle, poultry. So far,
in the project communes of Thieu Hoa district, there are 270 farms, including 4 large-scale
concentrating farms.
4.3.7. Economy, economic sectors
The economic structure of Thieu Hoa district is now moving in the right direction.
Weight of sectors in the economic structure: Agriculture: 46.4%; Industry-Construction:
21.7%; Services: 31.9%; Economic growth: 11.2%, GDB per capita reached: 7,185,000
VND. Agricultural production has reached a comprehensive result in both productivity
and output. For Yen Dinh district, the economic growth (GDP) in 2012 was 17.19%. Of
which: Agricultural-Forestry-Fisheries increased by 7.35%, Industry-Basic construction
increased by 26.56%, Services increased by 20.03% (plan 7.31%-26.33%-19.97%);
structural sectors in GDP: 37.01%-23.15%-39.84%, total grain output: 147,971 tons; GDP
per capita (at current prices): 21,535VND/person/year, total basic investment of 847,615
billion dongs; Export goods value: USD 15.63 million, local budget revenues increased by
26.5% compared to assignment by the District.
4.3.8. Current status of irrigation and drainage systems and water use activities
Water supply for cultivation: According to the subproject preliminary survey in
two districts, Yen Dinh and Thieu Hoa, the area of cultivation land is 14,269 (ha),
including 83.08 percent of agricultural land irrigated by pumping stations, 6.63 percent
of irrigated agricultural land that needs further support, 5.6 percent of less irrigated
agricultural land, and 2.18 percent of non-irrigated agricultural land.
Water supply for domestic use: For surveyed households, clean water is
understood as water extracted from drilling wells, rain water or tap water. Canal water
after being cleansed by alum is also considered clean water. In the project area, the
survey results have shown that the percentage of households using sanitary tap water,
drilling wells, digging wells accounts for about 72% of households in the region.
In Dinh Cong commune of Yen Dinh District within the subproject area to be
invested with a water pumping plant to pump water from Ma River, there will be a
filter tank with capacity of 60m3 located upstream Phu Ninh and Quan Yen villages at
about 33m high above the river.
Also, Thieu Hoa District was invested with a sanitation water station in 2003
which is one of the four sanitation water supply schemes in Thanh Hoa province
funded by the Government of Japan.
According to assessment of the Thanh Hoa Centre for Water and
Environmental Sanitation, from the survey and assessment, Van Ha sanitation water
scheme in Thieu Hoa district is operating 100% capacity, 100% of schools and health
centers in town have tap water, and clean water use needs of people in Van Ha Town
are mostly met. This is a concentration water model which is quite preeminent and in
line with the “rural sanitation water market development” orientation.
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Figure 1 SOME PHOTOS OF THE SUBPROJECT
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CHAPTER 5
POTENTIAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
5.1. Subproject activities and environmental impacts.
5.1.1. Pre-construction phase.
5.1.1.1. Ground clearance
Activities that may impact on the natural and socio-economic environment include:
Demolition of barns, basements, temporary houses along the dykes; cutting trees, bamboo ...,
preparing material yards, camp sites for workers ...;
During this phase, the major impact is disturbing people’s life activities, polluting
water and air environment. However, these impacts are manageable.
Pre-construction phase consists of impacts related to site clearance and resettlement
compensation for some households; Based on the survey results of local and consultant team,
the area of land acquisition of the subproject area is determined in Table 5.1.
Table 5.1. Summary of objects affected by the subproject
Land permanently
acquired (ha)
Land temporarily
acquired (ha)
Number of
affected
households
Number of
relocation
households
41.29 ha 10.00 3700 None
Source: Subproject resettlement plan report
The impacts are evaluated specifically as follows:
a. Partial or full acquisition of land affecting life stability and mentality of people:
There are total 296 households in Yen Dinh and Thieu Hoa districts affected with
residential land (small part), there are no relocation households.
b. Reduced agricultural land and increased crop yields:
The number of households affected with agricultural land is 3,700 households with a
total affected area of the project is 41.29 ha.
Influence on crops and plants was also determined during the project preparation. A total
of about 1,290 fruit trees and 8,874 timber trees will be cleared.
c. Reduced green space which affects the local environment:
In overall statistics, there are 10,164 various kinds of trees. These are types of trees of
economic value rather than ecological value. The area where trees will be cleared is
distributed along rather than focusing on a specific area.
- Impact of compensation work and planning material yards and camp sites for
workers:
The project compensation and ground clearance of Yen Dinh and Thieu Hoa districts
will be much favorable for the project has got the consensus and support of the majority of
people and authorities.
The project objective is to minimize the impact on residential land as well as the
relocation of households. According to preliminary investigation, it is shown that the level of
losses due to the project construction is negligible to the community.
- The impact of the demolition of easements, dyke-side temporary houses; cutting
trees, bamboos, eucalyptus, conch; removal,...:
Ground clearance, demolition of barns, easements, roadside shanty houses if made
unreasonably may cause to environmental pollution in the region. The preliminary survey
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results show that volume of corrugated steel, steel and iron to be dismantled is not much
(approximately 15-20 m3)
Cutting trees on the canal will lose the ability to shade roads and especially generate
an amount of solid waste. Through the inventory data of the Site clearance council, 10,164
trees of various kinds must be moved or cut down.
Summary: The activities during the clearance phase will have no major impact on the
environment, execution time is not long, but if the plan is not arranged and prepared
thoughtfully, mayhem in compensation may incur, affecting the life activities and travel of
people, causing local pollution to the local environment, affecting the project progress.
5.1.1.2. Unexploded ordinance
As the project area had been affected during the war, some unexploded ordinance
(UXO) may be left in the area. UXO may cause safety risks or incidents in the construction
process. UXO will be cleared by an authorised army unit prior to commencement of
construction activities.
5.1.1.3. Machinery mobilised to the site.
The scope of the impact of dust, gases from transportation vehicles, construction
equipment of camps primarily located on construction sites, these impacts are local, so the
impacts from this preparation process is temporary, short-term and manageable, impacts of
dust just affect the construction site only, llittle affecting residential communes of Yen Dinh and
Thieu Hoa districts.
5.1.2. Negative impacts during the construction phase
- Construction activities and daily activities of officials and employees involved in the
construction: generating washing agents, oil, waste water from construction and the waste
water may impact on the environment in areas. At the same time, waste oil, spilled sand,
organic and inorganic waste may also impact negatively on the soil environment.
- Operation of leveling devices and construction machines: impacts on the air
environment by noise, vibration, dust and emissions. Compositions of emissions include:
dust, Cacbon Oxit (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Oxide (NOx), and volatile organic
compounds (VOCs). For scale of impact, it occurs only in areas with construction devices.
- Construction solid waste and domestic solid waste: Construction solid waste that
generates from spillage inside the canals, if not being collected to prescribed places may cause
to canal jam; domestic solid waste generating at the camp site of officials and workers mainly
comes from the mess-hall, compositions of domestic waste include: packages, food plastic
bags, foods, vegetables, food leftovers, etc.
- Transportation activities: generate noise, dust, emissions affecting health of
communities living nearby the construction area and individuals involved in the traffic.
- Excavation materials and demolition materials: Weathered removal soil is surfaced,
porous, easy repositioning soil so it possibly emits dust into the air environment making
increase in dust amount in the environment, affecting health of workers while loading and
unloading. Sludge dredged in the canal may cause to cloudy water source, affecting the
aquatic life in the region. In addition, transported sludge may be spilled, causing to slippery
and danger for people and vehicles crossing by.
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20
5.1.3. Operation phase
The subproject when coming into operation will bring in a lot of positive impacts as
outlined in the objectives, including increasing the irrigated area which is synonymous with
increased use of fertilizers, pesticides. This will make impacts on the soil, water, air, creature
environment as well as human health, such as an increase in the concentration of toxic,
persistent in the environmental component. Human health is affected by exposure to plant
protection drugs; associated with this, biodiversity in watery areas is also affected by these
agents.
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21
Table 5.2. Source of impacts by the subproject over phases
Subproject
phases
Subproject
activities Causes Environmental impacts Affected objects Waste related issues
Pre-
construction
phase
Site clearance
may affect
Unexploded
ordinance
Emissions, danger from
mines and explosives
- Influence on landscape,
environment
- Danger to life
Landscape, natural
environment, life of task
person
Solid waste generated during
demolition and hazardous gases
affecting the environment,
animals and human health.
Transportation
of waste
- Vehicles carrying
overloaded, driver’s
distraction.
- Fuel vehicles
- Transported waste may
generate dust easily
- Increased risk of traffic
accidents
- Incurred dust, noise on
the road
- Drivers and traffic
participants on the
transportation routes
- Air environment along
the transportation route
Transportation of waste,
assembly of vehicles and
machines has micro-impact of
dust, gases from transportation
vehicles; these impacts incur
mainly at the construction site,
the impacts are of local nature. Assembly of
vehicles and
machines
- Fuel vehicles may
generate emissions, noise.
Adverse impact on the
environment
Air environment
Construction
phase
Construction of
works items
Dust, emissions, noise,
vibration
Air environment quality
declined by dust, gases,
noise and vibration
Air environment - Dust, gases: CO2, CO, NOx,
SO2; arc light.
- Construction waste.
- Hazardous waste (waste oil,
grease rags).
- Waste from construction
forces.
- Construction waste water
Soil, sand, rock, waste
motor oil, grease rags
Raised construction
solid waste, sand
spillage, hazardous
waste (waste oil, grease
rags) causing to
environmental pollution,
loss of biodiversity
- Soil environment
- Water environment
- Biodiversity at
construction area
waterways.
Dirt, grease Rainwater runoff,
vehicles wash water, Surface water environment
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22
Subproject
phases
Subproject
activities Causes Environmental impacts Affected objects Waste related issues
materials
Dust, noise, working
conditions
Impact on occupational
safety, working
conditions, health of
workers at the
construction site
Health of the construction
forces.
Weather incidents, grease.
- Environmental
incidents: natural
disasters, storms, oil
leaks, fires and
explosions ...
- Construction works
- Surface water
environment
Precast
concrete
structures
manufacturing
dust, toxic gases, noise - Soil pollution, water
pollution due to
equipment machinery
washing water.
- Soil environment
- Water environment
Dust, emissions, noise
from concrete mixing,
pouring
Air environment
Transportation
of materials
Noise, dust, emissions,
load of vehicles and
transported materials.
- Air pollution by noise,
dust, emissions from
transportation vehicles
- Impact on regional
transport infrastructure
- Increased risk of traffic
accidents for people
traveling on the road
- Air environment
- Transport infrastructure
- Drivers, traffic
participants
Noise, dust, emissions from
vehicles, transportation and
assembly of materials: steel,
rubble, sand, gravel, cement,
iron.
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23
Subproject
phases
Subproject
activities Causes Environmental impacts Affected objects Waste related issues
Life activities,
accommodation
of officers and
employees
Oil and grease, organic
matters, suspended solids Waste water arising Water environment
- Waste from operating house
- Rainwater runoff containing
dust, dirt.
- Wastewater from staff -
employees
Waste from construction
forces
Waste from life
activities Soil, air environment
Operation
phase
Management,
operation,
maintenance of
canals
Ensure the safety of the
population, arable land,
facilities, infrastructure
People’s rash littering habit, not
littering in correct prescribed
places may cause to local
pollution; garbage floating on
the canal may cause to bad-
looking of the landscape,
affecting the living creatures in
the water. This effect is very
small and mitigable when the
awareness of environmental
sanitation of the citizens and
visitors is improved.
Training on
incident
prevention
Serving the inspection,
timely detection, rescue
of incidents
- Local pollution of the
environment around the
project site.
- Changes in the landscape.
- Narrow the natural
ecosystems in the region.
Abnormal
weather
phenomena
Damage, destroying
canal works and other
civil works
Training on
incident
prevention
Serving the inspection,
timely detection, rescue
of incidents
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5.2. Mitigation measures
5.2.1. Measures incorporated into engineering design
In technical design phase, the design consultant should incorporates the solutions as
follows:
+ Designing washing stages at intervals along the canal slope at positions where the
canal passes through a residential area to maintain access to canal water for the local
communities.
+ Designing vegetations cover along the canal, stilling basins after sluices for erosion
and sedimentation control.
5.2.2. Construction phase
The implementation of compensation for land acquisition upon (RAP) must comply
with the following measures:
Before demolition:
- Clearly define the boundary of clearance area.
- Disclosure of compensation policies for the people to know and consultation with
community of affected persons.
- Supervising the compensation rigorously
- Announcement by the mass media for at least 1 week prior to demolition and
repeatedly announcement about:
+ Time and roads that access to be restricted.
+ Suggest households to do clean-up of parts of works they can do on their own and
make use of the old materials for reuse to minimize waste generated to the environment.
- Mobilize means of transport vehicles with emissions, noise of permitted level, oil
leakage of minimum level for site clearance.
While demolition:
- Plugging signs of time and transport routes be restricted at the beginning of road to
the site clearance area.
- Do not conduct or suspend demolition work in adverse weather conditions such as
heavy rain, high winds .....
- Do not transport waste at traffic congestion time from 6-7 am, or 5-6 pm.
- Means used to collect and transport waste to dump sites must be well shielded to
ensure no leakage of materials along the way.
The ECOP presented below will be incorporated into bidding documents and
construction contracts to require the contractors to implement.
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25
Table 5.3. Environmental Codes of Practices (ECOP)
No Issues/Risks Mitigation Measures
1 Water pollution
Used oil/engine oil: The oil container at the construction site
(especially when the site is located less than 10 meters from the
waterways) must be of sufficient strength to ensure to prevent leakage.
The container must be situated within a secondary containment system
(bunded), which will prevent the release of any leaked oil. The
Contractor must make provisions to ensure that all hazardous
substances including oil drums or containers on site are properly
labeled and properly stored and that no oil or other contaminants are
allowed to reach water courses or groundwater.
Wastewater from sites: The Contractor will ensure that any seepage
and wastewater arising from the works and camp sites must be
collected and discharged via drain network.
Septic tank toilets must be provided on site for construction workers.
Wastewater from toilets will not be discharged directly into any water
body.
At completion of construction works, water collection tanks and septic
tanks shall be covered and effectively sealed off
2 Dust, noise,
vibration
Inform the residents: Prior to commencement of work at any site, the
Contractor will be required to inform the local authority and residents
regarding the construction plan and potential noise and vibration that
may occur from the construction activities, including measures to
reduce noise and vibration.
Dust control: The Contractor will ensue that no burning of waste
materials on site; adequate water supply is available on site; dry
sweeping of large areas is not allowed; Cover all trucks carrying loose
or potentially dusty materials (soil, mud, etc.) to and from
construction site; Water or sprinkle the construction areas
periodically, especially at site located near residential area; avoid
overloaded of trucks; routinely clean public roads and access routes;
Exposed soil and material stockpiles shall be protected against dust
spreading, and the location of stockpiles shall take into consideration
the prevailing wind directions and locations of sensitive receptors.
When needed, measures to reduce noise to acceptable levels must be
implemented and could include silencers, mufflers, acoustically
dampened panels or placement of noisy machines in acoustically
protected areas.
3 Management and
treatment of solid
waste
The solid waste from construction. The Contractor must make an
effort to collect wastes (stone, soil,…) and transport to required site or
re-using or recycling construction and demolition waste should be
explored and implemented. The Contractor will be required to
comply with these procedures during site development. The
contractor will not be permitted to transport contaminated materials on
canals, unless appropriate handling facilities and infrastructure are
agreed with the responsible agency.
the Contractor shall provide litter bins, containers and refuse
collection facilities. Waste storage containers shall be covered, tip-
proof, weatherproof and scavenger proof.
Solid waste may be temporarily stored on site in a designated area
approved by the Construction Supervision Consultant and relevant
local authorities prior to collection and disposal through a licensed
waste collector
No burning, on-site burying or dumping of solid waste shall occur.
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26
No Issues/Risks Mitigation Measures
Recyclable materials such as wooden plates for trench works, steel,
scaffolding material, site holding, packaging material, etc shall be
collected and separated on-site from other waste sources for reuse, for
use as fill, or for sale.
If not removed off site, solid waste or construction debris shall be
disposed of only at sites identified and approved by the Construction
Supervision Consultant. Under no circumstances shall the contractor
dispose of any material in environmentally sensitive areas, such as in
watercourses.
Domestic solid waste. During constructing of the sub-project, the
contractor must take appropriate measures to collect and treat solid
waste, or bury in landfills temporarily in the area with a cover layer
and when full, the landfill to landfill a coating 50cm thick. Upon
completion of the construction phase of the sub-projects, to require
filling up landfills, and restore landscape to the sub-project area.
The Contractor must be responsible for compliance with the relevant
Vietnamese legislation relevant to wastewater discharges into
watercourses.
Portable or constructed toilets must be provided on site for
construction workers. Wastewater from toilets as well as kitchens,
showers, sinks, etc. shall be discharged into a conservancy tank for
removal from the site or discharged into municipal sewerage systems;
there should be no direct discharges to any water body.
At completion of construction works, water collection tanks and septic
tanks shall be covered and effectively sealed off.
4 Chemical or
hazardous wastes
Chemical waste of any kind shall be disposed of at an approved
appropriate landfill site and in accordance with local legislative
requirements.
Used oil and grease shall be removed from site and sold to an
approved used oil recycling company.
Used oil, lubricants, cleaning materials, etc. from the maintenance of
vehicles and machinery shall be collected in holding tanks and
removed from site by a specialized oil recycling company for disposal
at an approved hazardous waste site.
Unused or rejected tar or bituminous products shall be returned to the
supplier’s production plant.
Store chemicals appropriately and with appropriate labeling
Appropriate communication and training programs should be put in
place to prepare workers to recognize and respond to workplace
chemical hazards.
5 Traffic and social
disturbance,
disruptions to
existing services
Contractor is required to use the route that designed for construction
works as identified by local authority.
Clear signing must be provided at all times for pedestrian routes;
After completion of the works all materials arising from the works
will be left in a clean and tidy condition to the reasonable
requirements of the local authorities;
The Contractor will be responsible for any damage caused by their
activities to the roads and public facilities in the vicinity of the
worksite.
Place signs around the construction areas to facilitate traffic
movement, provide directions to various components of the works,
and provide safety advice and warning.
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No Issues/Risks Mitigation Measures
Employing safe traffic control measures, including road/rivers/canal
signs and flag persons to warn of dangerous conditions.
Avoid material transportation for construction during rush hour
Discuss and negotiate with local community about water cut-off and
service disruptions period
6 Erosion and
sedimentation
control
The Contractor shall follow the detailed drainage design included in
the construction plans, intended to prevent storm water from causing
local flooding or scouring slopes and areas of unprotected soil
resulting in heavy sediment loads affecting local watercourses.
Ensure drainage system is always maintained cleared of mud and
other obstructions.
Areas of the site not disturbed by construction activities shall be
maintained in their existing conditions.
Earthworks, cuts, and fill slopes shall be properly maintained, in
accordance with the construction specifications, including measures
such as installation of drains, use of plant cover.
To avoid sediment-laded runoff that could adversely impact
watercourses, install sediment control structures where needed to slow
or redirect runoff and trap sediment. Sediment control structures could
include windrows of logging slash, rock berms, sediment catchment
basins, straw bales, storm drain inlet protection systems, or brush
fences.
Site de-watering and water diversions: the sediment laden water
pumped from the work area must be discharged to an appropriate
sediment control measure for treatment before re-release to the
downstream.
Stream diversions or construction of cofferdams would require site-
specific mitigation measures in the EMP
7 Excavation
materials
Large scale borrow pits or stockpiles will need site-specific measures
that go beyond those in these ECOPs.
All dredged spoil as well as excavation materials will be reused for
road construction and/or land filling at or nearby the work site.
Demolition materials must be properly disposed off.
An open ditch shall be built around the stockpile site to intercept
wastewater.
Stockpile topsoil when first opening a borrow pit and use it later to
restore the area to near natural conditions.
8 Management of
stockpiles,
quarries, and
borrow pits
An open ditch shall be built around the stockpile site to intercept
wastewater.
Stockpile topsoil when first opening a borrow pit and use it later to
restore the area to near natural conditions.
If the need for new sites arises during construction, they must be pre-
approved by the Construction Engineer.
If landowners are affected by use of their areas for stockpiles or
borrow pits, they must be included in the project resettlement plan.
If access roads are needed, they must have been considered in the
environmental assessment.
9 Landscape
management
Spoil heaps and excavated slopes shall be re-profiled to stable batters,
and grassed to prevent erosion;
All affected areas shall be landscaped
Trees/grass shall be planted at exposed land and on slopes to prevent
or reduce land collapse and keep stability of slopes
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28
No Issues/Risks Mitigation Measures
Prohibit cutting of any tree or removal of rocks originated at the site.
This could include areas protected as a green space.
Cleared areas such as borrow pits no longer in use, disposal areas, site
facilities, workers’ camps, stockpiles areas, working platforms and
any areas temporarily occupied during construction of the project
works shall be restored using landscaping, adequate drainage and re-
vegetation as appropriate.
Spoil heaps and excavated slopes shall be re-profiled to stable batters,
and grassed to prevent erosion;
All affected areas shall be landscaped and any necessary remedial
works shall be undertaken without delay, including green-spacing and
other existing works
Soil contaminated with chemicals or hazardous substances shall be
removed and transported and buried in waste disposal areas.
10 Worker and
public Safety
Provide first aid kits at contractor’s office
Training workers on occupational safety regulations
Preparation of emergency aid service at construction site
If blasting is to be used, additional mitigation measures and safety
precautions must be outlined in the EMP.
During demolition of existing infrastructure, workers and the general
public must be protected from falling debris by measures such as
chutes, traffic control, and use of restricted access zones.
Install fences, barriers, dangerous warning/prohibition site around the
construction area which showing potential danger to public people
The contractor shall provide safety measures as installation of fences,
barriers warning signs, lighting system against traffic accidents as
well as other risk to people and sensitive areas.
12 “Chance find”
Procedures
If the Contractor discovers archeological sites, historical sites, remains
and objects, including graveyards and/or individual graves during
excavation or construction, the Contractor will carry out the following
steps:
Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find;
Delineate the discovered site or area;
Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects.
In cases of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard
shall be arranged until the responsible local authorities or the National
Administration of Culture take over;
Notify the supervisory Project Environmental Officer and Project
Engineer who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities and
the Provincial Department of Culture immediately (within 24 hours or
less);
Responsible local authorities and the Provincial Department of
Culture would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site
before deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures. This would
require a preliminary evaluation of the findings to be performed by
the archeologists of National Culture Administration. The significance
and importance of the findings should be assessed according to the
various criteria relevant to cultural heritage; those include the
aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values;
Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the
responsible authorities and Provincial Department of Culture. This
could include changes in the layout (such as when finding an
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29
No Issues/Risks Mitigation Measures
irremovable remain of cultural or archeological importance)
conservation, preservation, restoration and salvage;
Implementation for the authority decision concerning the management
of the finding shall be communicated in writing by relevant local
authorities; and
Construction work could resume only after permission is given from
the responsible local authorities or Provincial Department of Culture
concerning safeguard of the heritage.
5.2.3. Operation phase
When the “South Ma river pumping station canal system upgrading” subproject comes
into operation, sources of impact on the environment will be gone. During this period, the
works management unit and local government should implement the following environmental
protection measures:
- South Ma river IMC is the direct unit to manage the operation and maintenance of
the main, primary and secondary canal system.
- Water user associations will manage the on-farm canal system, contract with South
Ma river IMC to get water at the beginning of tertiary canal and reach irrigation water by the
on-farm canal system.
- Organize and establish inspection team to manage and protect the canals, regularly monitor
the development and provide remedies for timely handling incidents during the rainy season.
- Every year at the end of the rainy season to inspect, evaluate the impact of floods on
structures, prepare a detailed report to the competent authorities and get direction on the
implementation of works related tasks.
- To propose remedial measures in case of any damage incurred by the flood and
caused by other impacts.
- Operation of irrigation/drainage sluices in accordance with operating procedures,
need of use.
- Mobilize people for environmental sanitation to avoid congestion in the canal flow:
waste, straw, grass from field area not be disposed down to the canal.
- Manage people in the use of drugs and plant protection chemicals: bags, bottles,
medicine containers after use must be collected at prescribed places to avoid water pollution
affecting the creatures of aquatic area.
- Design renewable mud pits, aquaculture waste water treatment and alkaline
disinfection before discharging into rivers by solution of sterilization, neutralization with
lime, chemicals ... to meet environmental standards. It is better to apply in aquaculture
industry, semi-industry, agricultural expansion the form of rotation, planning, training,
sustainable aquaculture.
- Keep propagating and encouraging the implementation of integrated pest management
for beneficiary areas, training classes of 20-30 students, organizing classes in each district.
Learning time in sessions according to topics; each session may last 3-5 days for both theory
and practice.
- Prepare and implement an IPM for the subproject related to irrigation and flood control
consistent with the pest management plan (PMP). PMP requires a plan focusing on the effective
implementation of practical activities that may reduce chemical use in the project area.
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30
- Raise awareness and knowledge of farmers on the safe use of pesticides, organic
agriculture and other safe farming methods, and knowledge about climate change and possible
impacts on water resources and flow regime.
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31
CHAPTER VI
MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1. Supervising Compliance
The Sub-Project owner (PPMU) and Contractors are the key entities responsible for
implementation of ECOP. Key responsibilities of PPMU and the contractors are as follows:
(a) PPMU
- PPMU is responsible for ensuring that the ECOP is effectively implemented. The PPMU
will assign a qualified staff to be responsible for checking implementation compliance of
Contractors, include the following: (a) monitoring the contractors’ compliance with the
environmental plan, (b) taking remedial actions in the event of non-compliance and/or
adverse impacts occur, (c) investigating complaints, evaluating and identifying corrective
measures; (d) advising to the Contractor on environment improvement, awareness,
proactive pollution prevention measures; (e) monitoring the activities of Contractors on
replying complaints; (f) providing guidance and on-the-job training to field engineers on
various aspects to avoid/mitigate potential negative impacts to local environment and
communities during construction.
- PPMU has responsibility for preparing monitoring reports to submit to CPO.
(b) Contractor
- Contractor is responsible for carrying out civil works and informs PPMU, local
authority and community about construction plan and risks associated with civil
works. As such, contractor is responsible for implementing agreed measures to
mitigate environmental risks associated with its civil works.
- Contractor is required to obey other national relevant legal regulations and laws.
Right away from the clearance DMS phase, CPO mobilizes an external consulting unit to
supervise the DMS activities. The supervision consulting team is responsible for monitoring
and supervising all activities in compliance with the social and environmental management
framework, EMP of PPMU and contractors in a periodical base. In addition, the PPMU will
supervise the daily compliance by the contractors during the project implementation.
To evaluate the effectiveness of EMP implementation, PPMU will hire an
environmental management consultant team to support the implementation of environmental
management tasks in the subproject area, if required.
6.2. Environmental quality monitoring
The external supervision consulting unit will carry out periodical environmental quality
observation according to the summary table below. Locations expected to take samples of
surface water (Nm), underground water (Nn), air (MK), soil (Md) are in places of background
environmental survey.
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32
Table 6.1. Monitoring contents during the project implementation
Item Detailed
monitoring Location
Comparison with
standard or
regulation
Frequency
I. Construction
phase
Air Monitoring
parameters
proposed,
including:
-Micro-climatic
conditions:
temperature,
humidity, wind
speed
-Noise LAeq
- Suspended
dust TSP
- Respiratory
dust (PM10)
- SO2
- CO
- NOx
VT1: Area of
works
construction
VT2: Materials
yard of works
VT3: Residential
area nearby the
canal under
construction
VT4:
Construction
camp site
VT5: Head of
wind direction
distant from the
construction area
100m
VT6: End of
wind direction
distant from the
construction area
100m
QCVN
05:2009/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on
ambient air quality.
QCVN
26:2010/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on noise.
Once/3 months as
periodically
during
construction,
observation
frequency should
be 3 times/day
Surface water Monitoring
parameters
proposed,
including:
- pH
- DO
- TSS
- COD
- BOD5 (20oC)
- NO3- (by N)
- PO43- (by P)
- As
- Endrin
- Parathion
- Surface active
agents
- Total oil and
grease
- Coliform
VT1: Surface
water in the canal
at the
construction site
VT2: Pond water
in the residential
at the
construction site
VT3:
Construction
waste water
receiver by
machinery and
equipment
washing
VT4-5: Locations
distant from the
construction site
100m (2
positions)
VT6: Location
for recognizing
QCVN
08:2008/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on
surface water
quality.
Once/3 months as
periodically
during
construction,
observation
frequency should
be twice/day
Page 47
33
Item Detailed
monitoring Location
Comparison with
standard or
regulation
Frequency
domestic waste
water from camps
Ground water Monitoring
parameters
proposed,
including :
- pH
- Hardness
(CaCO3)
- Iron (Fe)
- Lead (Pb)
- Asen (As)
- NO2-
by N
- NH4+
by N
- Sunfate
(SO42-
)
- E.coli
- Colifom
VT1-2:Drilled
wells of
households at the
construction site
(taking 2
representative
locations)
VT3-4: Drilled or
digged wells of
households 500m
distant from the
construction site
(taking 2
representative
locations)
QCVN
09:2008/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on
underground water
quality.
Once/3 months as
periodically
during
construction,
observation
frequency should
be once/day
Quality of soil
environment
Monitoring
parameters
proposed,
including :
- Asen (As)
- Cadimium
(Cd)
- Copper (Cu)
- Lead (Pb)
- Zinc (Zn)
- Aldrin
- Parathion
VT1: Canal bank
at the
construction site
VT2: Residential
area nearby the
canal
VT3: Canal bank
area completed
VT 4: Canal bank
area not
constructed
QCVN
03:2008/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on limits
of heavy metal in
soil.
QCVN
15:2008/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on plant
protection chemical
residues in soil.
Once/3 months as
periodically
during
construction,
observation
frequency should
be once/day
Bio-
diversification
- Qualitative
analysis,
classification of
phytoplankton
- Quantitative
analysis,
classification of
phytoplankton
- Qualitative
analysis,
classification of
zooplankton
- Quantitative
analysis,
classification of
zooplankton
- Qualitative
analysis,
VT1: Canal at the
construction site
VT2: Ponds,
lakes nearby the
construction site
VT3: Head of
flow 100m
distant from the
construction site
VT4: End of flow
100m distant
from the
construction site
VT5: Receiving
waste water from
camps
Once/3 months as
periodically
during
construction, take
3
samples/location
Page 48
34
Item Detailed
monitoring Location
Comparison with
standard or
regulation
Frequency
classification of
benthic
- Quantitative
analysis,
classification of
benthic
II. Operation
phase
Air Monitoring
parameters,
including:
- Micro-
climatic
conditions: oC,
humidity, wind
speed
- Noise
- Suspended
dust TSP
- SO2
- CO
- NOx
VT1-2: End of
the North (South)
canal in the
subproject area (2
locations) VT3-4:
End of the North
(South) canal in
the subproject
area (2 locations)
VT5-10:
representative
locations of
branch canal of
the North or
South canal in the
subproject area (6
locations)
-QCVN
05:2009/BTNMT
-QCVN
26:2010/BTNMT:
Once/6 months as
periodically upon
the subproject
operation,
observation
frequency should
be once/day
Surface water Monitoring
parameters,
including:
- pH
- DO
- TSS
- COD
- BOD5 (20oC)
- NO3- (by N)
- PO43- (by P)
- Pb
- As
- Total oil and
grease
- Coliform
VT1-2: Head of
the North (South)
canal in the
subproject area (2
locations)
VT3-4: End of
the North (South)
canal in the
subproject area (2
locations)
VT5-10:
representative
locations of
branch canal of
the North or
South canal in the
subproject area (6
locations)
QCVN
08:2008/BTNMT:
National technical
regulation on
surface water
quality.
Once/6 months as
periodically upon
the subproject
operation,
observation
frequency should
be once/day
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CHAPTER VII
IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENT
7.1. Environmental management plan, role and responsibilities of stakeholders
7.1.1. Pre-construction
a. Information dissemination of EMP to the community, communications
Information disclosure: Safeguard documents are required to be disclosed during the
project implementation. 60 days before performing site clearance work, any information
related to the project, project safeguard policies (EMP, RAP, ...) must be disclosed in public
accessible places, specifically:
EIA, EPC, EMP/ECOP and RAP reports in Vietnamese or local language must be
disclosed in the subproject area
EMPs and ECOPs must be made available to the public and at Vietnam Data and
Information Center (VDIC) in Vietnamese and English, and InfoShop.
PPMU shall inform communities and district/commune local government of the
construction implementation plan 2 weeks before the start of construction.
The Contractor shall notify the district/commune local government of the package
implementation plan, land acquisition range (permanent and/or temporary) for the community
to coordinate implementation. At the construction site, the Contractor shall mount signs
including information of the project name, subproject name, package name, contractor name,
time of construction, land acquisition range (cross sectional drawings of works).
- Role and responsibility: CPMU, PPMU.
Communication/media: PPMU, in coordination with commune authorities, to inform
on the mass media in the subproject area, at community meetings in the subproject area and
other forms. Communication activities will be held regularly in the region during project
implementation.
b. PPMU staffing
Establish a social-environmental team and appoint an officer in charge of coordinating
and participating in the implementation of safeguard policies, including the hiring of consultants
to support the management and supervision.
c. Incorporate mitigation measures into engineering design and ECOP in the construcion
bidding and contract documents
The detail design engineer will be responsible for incorporating solutions into the design
to address some potential impacts mentioned in Section 5.2 of this EMP
In the preparation stage of bidding documents, PPMU will ensure that ECOP is included
in the in the bidding documents and contract documents to ensure that the contractors are aware
of the safety obligations and commitment to this obligation. Mitigation costs in the construction
phase must be part of the project cost. Monitoring officer and/or site engineer will be
responsible for monitoring and supervising the implementation of the safeguard policies of the
contractors and the responsibility will be mentioned in the TOR for construction and
environmental supervision consultants (CSC) and/or site engineers.
d. Capacity building for construction supervision officers and contractors
Before commencing construction, construction supervision officer and contractors
need to be trained, equipped with the knowledge of management and environmental
protection, trained by the Environmental Management Consultant.
7.1.2. Construction
a. Hiring consultants to assist PPMU in environmental management
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PPMU will hire a local environmental consultant team to carry out the inspection and
monitoring of environmental compliance of the contractors committed in the bidding
documents and contracts signed.
b. Monitoring contractors’ compliance in EMP/ECOP implementation
i) Monitoring by PPMU
PPMU will monitor the contractors’ compliance with the safeguard policies during the
construction phase. PPMU will appoint the construction supervision consultant (CSC) to
perform daily monitoring based on the Environmental code of practices (ECOP) and
contracted specific environmental plan (CSEP) approved, and take concern on minimizing the
potential negative impacts caused by the construction activities, such as dusty material
transport, noise and traffic obstruction in the subproject area. Terms of reference (TOR) for
construction supervision consultants. PPMU environmental officer (ESU) and an
environmental monitoring unit (provincial environmental monitoring consultant (PEMC)) to
monitor and supervise the implementation of safeguard policies compliance.
ii) Monitoring by the Community
The local monitoring committee is established under “Decision No.80/QD-CP dated
18/04/2005 of the Prime Minister on the monitoring rules of community investment”. The
commune level community monitoring committee shall have the right and responsibility to
supervise the construction activities, the negative impacts on the environment due to the
construction activities to ensure that measures to mitigate potential negative impacts have
been effectively carried out by the contractors. In cases of environmental issues arisen
affecting the community, they will report to the site construction supervision consultant
(CSC) and/or PPMU by filling out the form for environmental safety.
c. Regular assessment of EMP implementation by reporting mechanism
For subproject level, the PPMU environmental safeguard officer and the site
construction supervision consultant (CSC) will regularly monitor the implementation of the
proposed mitigation measures during construction, and consult with the local government and
community. If necessary, mitigation measures will be modified to suit the actual impact on
the basis of agreements with key stakeholders. Results/records will be kept carefully in the
subproject records for the World Bank and CPO to consider. PPMU will also base on the
report prepared by the environmental monitoring consultant and construction supervision
consultant to report on the implementation progress of the contracted specific environmental
plan (CSEP) in the Subproject progress report. Monitoring cost of mitigation measures
proposed will be part of the PPMU monitoring costs. In addition, PPMU will also ensure its
compliance with the conditions prescribed by the Government on environmental impact assessment.
At the project level, CPO’s independent consultant for environmental monitoring
(CIMC) will also perform periodic monitoring every 6 months to monitor the mitigation
measures proposed for subproject.
d. Notification of water cutoff
Based on the local irrigation schedule to make a reasonable construction plan, and
notify the local authorities to actively get water for irrigation purposes during the construction
period.
e. Preparing efficient irrigation management models, raising awareness of efficient
exploitation for water user households
To support the management and consolidation of management activities, water
distribution in the system, the subproject needs to: (i) review, make additional adjustments to
renovate the organizational models and perfect the management apparatus (IMC, WUOs) and
mechanisms for effective management efficiency (with attention paid to irrigation
management decentralization); (ii) apply equipment in data transfer, archive, data processing
and analysis systems; iii) support in the preparation of business plan/advanced operations for
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the IMC, WUOs; (iv) apply advanced methods of management, monitoring, evaluation of the
systems and operation of IMC, WUOs.
g. Testing the environmental protection task in the subproject implementation area
The environmental testing and monitoring program is to periodically monitor the
movement of a number of indicators to assess the environmental quality in the subproject area
over periods to understand the trends of environmental quality changes over time and space,
at the same time, develop plans and take appropriate actions to protect the environment,
especially when there are unfavorable changes or incidents happen. On the other hand, the
results of the environmental monitoring program also show the accuracy of the assessment
and prediction of the subproject environmental impacts.
Contents of the environmental monitoring program include:
Monitoring the compliance of the contractors in mitigation measures
conduction;
Monitoring and evaluation of air, water, and waste sludge environmental
quality;
The environmental monitoring program will be done continuously during the construction
period of the subproject and 2 years after the project comes into operation.
7.1.3. Operation
When the subproject comes in operation, the provincial Plant Protection Department
will continue to organize training courses for IPM staff.
Local authorities and competent agencies need to encourage the subproject people to
practise the integrated pest management skills that have been trained.
7.2. External monitoring
CPO will be responsible for regular or irregular internal monitoring of environmental
safeguard policies implementation of the subprojects.
PPMU is the provincial project management unit, to be in charge of ensuring the
effective implementation of safeguard measures and timely reporting on the subproject
progress. PPMU will establish an environmental-social unit (ESU), including at least 01
officer in charge of environmental safety, to guide and remind the contractor of the
implementation of environmental safety measures.
Safeguard supervision consultants (CIMC) mobilized by CPO, will be responsible
for periodic monitoring the compliance with ESMF, EMPs and related documents to
environmental and social safeguards, including:
Periodic monitoring of the compliance with the project safeguard policies and related
documents approved in subproject (once/6 months);
Monitoring environmental quality in the project area in accordance with the approved
EMPs;
Public consultations on the implementation of the project safeguard policies;
Monitoring the community complaints and grievances settlement results;
Notifying CPMU, DARDs, PPMUs, Contractors of the existing problems to be
addressed in implementing the project safeguard policies;
Reporting to CPO the periodic monitoring results for CPO’s making appropriate and
timely adjustments during the project implementation
Local Community: Commune/village community supervisory board is established by
Decision No.80 dated 18/04/2005 by the Prime Minister on the community investment
monitoring regulations.
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7.3. Settlement of environmental complaints, grievances
Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) shall be responsible for daily supervision
of contractor’s compliance. When there are claims, together with contractor’s
representative, CSC shall investigate the causes and finalize corrective actions if
necessary. CSC shall monitor and make record of corrective actions until the case is
fully solved.
Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) shall confirm tasks to minimize the
environmental impacts made by the contractor to be included in monthly request for
payment or for sanction. PPMU shall make payment or sanction according to the
compliance framework.
The community supervisory board shall be responsible for daily supervision of
environmental safety compliance in construction, and advising the local
government/PPMU about the incidents, or calling via ‘hot line’ for timely resolution.
PPMU shall coordinate with the relevant parties to resolve the complaints.
7.4. Cost estimates for EMP implementation
Total monitoring cost: VND 1,134,830,400, of which:
- Construction: VND 983,822,400.
- Operation: VND 151,008,000.
Funds for monitoring environmental quality during construction and operation phases
of the “South Ma river pumping station canal system upgrading” subproject is according to
Circular No.232/2009/TT-BTC dated 09/12/2009 and Circular No.83/2002/TT-BTC dated
25/9/2002 by the Ministry of Finance.
Table 7.1. Summary of nvironmental monitoring cost estimates in construction
phase
Unit:VND
No. Cost estimate Q’ty Unit price Amount
1 Air analysis 9,900,000
Micro climatic conditions: temperature,
humidity, wind speed
1 40,000 40,000
Noise (LAeq)
1 60,000 60,000
Suspended dust TSP
1 65,000 65,000
Dust PM10
1 100,000 100,000
Toxic gases analysis: CO, NOx, SO2 3 95,000 285,000
Total analysis cost of 1 sample 550,000
Total analysis cost of 3 samples/location 3 times 1,650,000
Analysis cost of 6 locations 6
locations
9,900,000
2 Surface water analysis 40,440,000
pH 1 30,000
30,000
Dissolved (DO) 1 60,000
60,000
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No. Cost estimate Q’ty Unit price Amount
Total suspended solid (TSS) 1 50,000
50,000
COD 1 70,000
70,000
BOD5 (20oC)
1 80,000 80,000
NO3- (by N)
1 60,000 60,000
PO43-
(by P) 1 60,000
60,000
Arsenic (As) 1 80,000
80,000
Endrin 1 600,000
600,000
Parathion 1 600,000
600,000
Surface active agents 1 120,000
120,000
Total oil and grease 1 300,000
300,000
Coliform 1 60,000
60,000
Residue of plant protection drugs, Chlorine
group 1 600,000
600,000
Residue of plant protection drugs,
Phosphorous group 1 600,000
600,000
Total analysis cost of 1 sample 3,370,000
Total analysis cost of 2 samples/location Twice 6,740,000
Total analysis cost estimate of 6 locations 6
locations
40,440,000
3 Underground water analysis 2,320,000
pH 1 30,000 30,000
Hardness 1 60,000 60,000
Total dissolved solid (TDS) 1 50,000 50,000
Ammoniac (NH4+) 1 60,000 60,000
Arsenic (As) 1 80,000 80,000
Lead (Pb) 1 60,000 60,000
Chromium VI (Cr6+) 1 60,000 60,000
Manganese (Mn) 1 60,000 60,000
Iron (Fe) 1 60,000 60,000
Total Coliform 1 60,000 60,000
Total analysis cost of 1 sample 580,000
Total analysis cost of 4 samples 4
locations
2,320,000
4 Soil analysis 6,080,000
Arsenic (As) 1 80,000
80,000
Cadmium (Cd) 1 60,000
60,000
Copper (Cu) 1 60,000
60,000
Lead (Pb) 1 60,000
60,000
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No. Cost estimate Q’ty Unit price Amount
Zinc (Zn) 1 60,000
60,000
Residue of plant protection drugs, Chlorine
group 1 600,000
600,000
Residue of plant protection drugs,
Phosphorous group 1 600,000
600,000
Total analysis cost of 1 sample/location 1,520,000
Total cost estimate of 4 samples 4
locations
6,080,000
5 Biodiversity analysis 12,825,000
Qualitative analysis, classification of
phytoplankton
1 142,500 142,500
Quantitative analysis, classification of
phytoplankton
1 142,500 142,500
Qualitative analysis, classification of
zooplankton
1 114,000 114,000
Quantitative analysis, classification of
zooplankton
1 114.000 114,000
Qualitative analysis, classification of benthic
1 171,000 171,000
Quantitative analysis, classification of benthic
1 171,000 171,000
Total analysis cost of 1 sample 855,000
Total analysis cost of 3 samples/location` 3 times 2,565,000
Total cost estimate of 5 locations 5
locations 12,825,000
6 Vehicle for samples taking 4 days 3,000,000 12,000,000
7 Per diem for 4 staff x 4 days 16 350,000 5,600,000
8 Prepare monitoring report for each session 1 4,000,000 4,000,000
11 Monitoring cost estimate of session 1 (Total
1-8)
1 session 93,165,000
12 Monitoring cost estimate of session 2 8 sessions 745,320,000
GENERAL MANAGEMENT COST:
Provisional*20% C
149,064,000
Pre-taxed total sum TC 894,384,000
Value added tax (VAT) = 10% x (TC) VAT 89,438,400
Environmental monitoring cost in
construction phase G
983,822,400
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Table 7.2. Summary of nvironmental monitoring cost estimates in operation
phase
Unit:VND
No. Cost estimate Q’ty Unit price Amount
1 Air analysis 2.700.000
Micro-climatic conditions: temperature,
humidity, wind speed
1 40,000 40,000
Relative noise
1 60,000 60,000
Suspended dust TSP
1 65,000 65,000
Toxic gases parameter analysis: CO,
NOx, SO2
3 95,000 285,000
Total analysis cost of 1 sample 450,000
Total analysis cost of 3 samples 6 locations 2,700,000
2 Surface water analysis 12,660,000
pH 1 30,000
30,000
Dissolved Oxy (DO) 1 60,000
60,000
Total suspended solid (TSS) 1 50,000
50,000
COD 1 70,000
70,000
BOD5 (20oC)
1 80,000 80,000
NO3- (by N)
1 60,000 60,000
PO43-
(by P) 1 60,000
60,000
Lead (Pb) 1 60,000
60,000
Arsenic (As) 1 80,000
80,000
Total oil and grease 1 300,000
300,000
Coliform 1 60,000
60,000
Residue of plant protection drugs,
Chlorine group 1 600,000
600,000
Residue of plant protection drugs,
Phosphorous group 1 600,000
600,000
Total analysis cost of 1 sample 2,110,000
Total analysis cost estimate of 6
locations
6 locations 12,660,000
3 Sediment monitoring
1 session 10,000,000
4 Vehicle for samples taking 4 days 3,000,000 12,000,000
5 Per diem for 4 staff x 4 days 16 350,000 5,600,000
6 Prepare monitoring report for each
session
1 4,000,000 4,000,000
7 Monitoring cost estimate of session 1
(Total 1-8)
1 session 46,960,000
8 Monitoring cost estimate of session 2 2 sessions 93,920,000
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No. Cost estimate Q’ty Unit price Amount
GENERAL MANAGEMENT COST:
Provisional*20% C
18,784,000
Pre-taxed total sum TC 112,704,000
Value added tax (VAT) = 10% x
(TC) VAT
11,270,400
Environmental monitoring cost in
operation phase G
123,974,400
7.5. Role and responsiblity of stakeholders
1/ State management level:
Provincial level – The provincial People’s Committee (PPC), based on the approved
framework, is responsible for the approval of documents related to resettlement plans
and ethnic minorities, environmental impact assessment (EIA), Environmental
Management Plan (EMP).
2/ Project Owner level
Central level - Central Project Office (CPO) – the project owner is responsible for
monitoring and managing the implementation of project approved policies, safety
documentations.
Local Level - Department of Agriculture and Rural Development is responsible for
monitoring and managing the implementation of project safeguard policies in the
subproject area.
3/ Project management level
CPMU-established by CPO, with support of the technical assistant consultant, is
responsible for guiding, implementing the project safeguard policies.
PPMUs - responsible for implementing safeguard policies of the Subproject,
monitoring the daily activities of the subproject, supervising and managing the quality
of construction works, monitoring the compliance with environmental safeguard in the
subproject construction activities.
Design Consultant – to calculate and bring in design plans and select the best option;
carry out the design and make adjustment with requirements when needed.
Construction Supervision Consultant (CMC): hired by PPMU, will, on behalf of
the PPMU supervise and make daily record on the contractors’ compliance with
safeguard policies;
Environmental management consultant (if required) shall:
- Assist PPMU to assess the effectiveness of mitigation measures and propose adjustments
to the implementation of environmental safeguards in case of necessity;
- Prepare monthly reports on safeguards compliance of the contractors and send to PPMU;
this report will serve as a basis for contractors to pay environmental protection cost;
- Report to PPMU any “findings” during construction.
4/ Contractor: The construction contractor shall comply with regulations in the
implementation of perform their obligations under the contract signed with the PMU.
Training, capacity building
Training on the WB’s safeguard policies (carried out by CPO)
In the framework of training programs and capacity building of the project, CPO will
develop training on issues related to the WB‘s safeguard policies for PPMU and subproject
staff at least once in the first two years of the project implementation. Training costs will be
part of CPO management costs (Component 4 of the WB7 Project). In cases where additional
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training is needed on safeguard policies for subproject, the training cost would be part of the
subproject management cost.
Capacity building support program and Environmenal management engineering
- Environmental Codes of Practice (ECOP)
Table 7.3. Capacity building on ECOP
No. Training object Time Expenditure Implementation
unit
1 PPMU
Upon civil
construciton
contracting
50,000,000 VND CPMO/EMC
2 Construction supervision
consultant
3 Environmental supervision
consultant
4 Construction contractors
- EMP implementation
Table 7.4. Capacity building on EMP
No. Training object Time Expenditure Implementation
unit
1 DONRE
Upont civil
construction
contracting and
project
completion
100,000,000 dongs CPMO/EMC
2 PPMU
3 IMC
4 Construction supervision
consultant
5 Environmental supervision
consultant
6 Construction contractors
Program to raise awareness of environmental protection
i) Environmental protection communiation program
During construction and operation phases, consultations will be continuously arranged
with frequency of once/year in the construction phase and once/year in the two first years of
the operation phase to identify views and issues of local people to the project.
Consultations will be held in each village to provide further information and a chance
of open workshop on the project for affected people in each commune. The invitations will
announce the time and place and participants of any meeting.
Relevant information will be given to affected persons attending the meeting (by
presentations, diagrams, and pre-printed papers). The project further information will be
publicized throughout the project area.
The following information will be disseminated to the affected people:
+ Project components.
+ Project impacts.
+ Legitimate rights of affected people.
+ Appeal and litigation process.
+ Compensation activities.
+ Agencies in charge.
+ Right to attend public metings.
+ Additional plans.
+ Monitoring plans
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- Estimated implementation cost: VND 200,000,000 (20,000.000 dongs/meeting x 4
meetings/year x 2 years + 02 meetings in 2 operation years).
ii) Intergrated pest management program
The integrated pest management program is included in the integrated crop nutrition
and pest management (ICM) plan which will be done under the component C of the project
(Component C – Climate-smart agriculture). Implementation steps are summarized as
follows:
Step 1: Hiring consultant: A consultant group (IPM/IMC consultant) will be hired to
assist CPO/PPMU in the implementation of IPM programs including successful
implementation and cooperation between agencies, farmers, and other stakeholders. Tasks for
the consultants will be made at an early stage of project implementation.
Step 2: Formulating farmers’ basic requirements and program registration. This step
should be done as soon as possible with an appropriate questionnaire to identify a basis for the
use of fertilizers and pesticides in subproject fields. Consulting with key agencies and
training, registering programs for farmers has been carried out.
Step 3: Formulation the program objective and preparing a work plan. Based on the
results from the questionnaire and consultation in Step 2, work plan and schedule will be
prepared, including budget and objects of implementation. The work plan will be submitted to
the PMU for approval and to World Bank for review and comment.
Step 4: Implementation and annual review. Upon the work plan approval, activities
will be performed. The implementation progress will be included in the project progress
reports. An annual evaluation report will be done by the PMU staff and the relevant units.
Cost for IPM plan implementation of VND 4.72 billion under the component C and
part of the project implementation cost.
Reporting requirements
Table 7.5. Reporting requirements Type of report Frequency Responsibility Report
received by
Mitigation measures compliance
book
Daily Constructon
supervision
consultant
PPMU
Report on the efficiency of
mitigation measures
implementation of the subproject,
explicitly indicating EMP
compliance activities at the
construction site and results
monitoring.
Once/3 months PPMU’s
environmental
management
consultant
PPMU
Report on EMP implementation
efficiency, explicitly indicating
the subproject’s EMP compliance
activities
Once every six
months
Environmental
management
consultant
CPMU
Fund allocation for environmental monitoring program
- Cost for mitigation activities is included in the subproject’s construction packages.
- Cost for monitoring activities of regional environmental quality in the construction
phase of VND 893,822,000 performed by the environmental monitoring consultant is part of
the subproject implementation cost managed by the PPMU.
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- Cost for monitoring activities of regional environmental quality in the construction
phase of VND 151,008,000 performed by the environmental monitoring consultant is part of
the project operation cost managed by the IMC.
- Cost for ICM plan implementation of VND 4,720,000,000 under component C is
part of the subproject implementation cost.
- Support program for capacity and technical building on environmental management
performed by CPO/EMC for the relevant staff of the subproject: VND 150,000,000. This
training cost will be part of the management cost managed by CPO.
- Cost for raising awareness of environmental protection (community consultation) is
VND 200,000,000. This cost is in charge by the PPMU and will be part of management cost
of PPMU.
Those cost items here are provisional only. Detailed costs will be prepared upon the
EMP approval. Thanh Hoa PPMU ensures a full cost calculation for sampling, mitigation
measures implementation monitoring and reporting.
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CHAPTER VIII
COMMUNITY CONSULTATION
8.1. Community consultation and information dissemination
Community consultation and information dissemination will be done in the
preparation phase of EIA and EMP (paragraph 8.2 below). Upon approval, EMP will be
translated into English and disseminated at national level at CPMO, provincial and subproject
area level.
During the detailed design and before bidding, PPMU will consult with local
communities and authorities to inform them about the current status of the subproject as well
as to be implemented to minimize the potential negative. If necessary, mitigation measures
need to be adjusted accordingly based on the consensus view, and mitigation plans will be
informed to the local community. The implementation results will be mentioned in the
subproject progress report.
Contents of consultation meetings of the subproject with concerned sectors, affected
households; commune People's Committee and Fatherland Front of communes in the project
area:
In the community survey and consultation about environmental impacts of the project
carried out by the Project Management Unit in collaboration with environmental consultants
(by interviews), 100% of households interviewed within the project area agreed with the
mitigation measures of environmental impacts that have been proposed as in the
environmental management plan. In addition, some households also made some comments
below:
To cater for the reporting of the subproject environmental impact assessment, the
project management unit has sent to concerned agencies; 34 CPCs in the subproject area, Yen
Dinh, Thieu Hoa DPCs and organizations a public consultation report enclosed with (01) copy
of investment report, and (01) copy of EIA summary report. Through community
consultation, these organizations fully agreed with the subproject implementation and also
proposed that during the subproject implementation, all the State agencies and units need to
organize and better environmental management and monitoring as noted in the approved EIA
report.
8.2. Results of community consultation and information dissemination
Local communities also involved in consultation with social and environmental impact
assessment tea, PMU, Consultant, FF and PCs of wards, communes, in the project area. The
results are as follows:
FF and PCs of communes in the project area are already informed of commitments
and measures to minimize the environmental impacts during the project construction and
operation: dust pollution, emissions and noise.
The Project Owner is requested to make specific markers of works; compensation and
ground clearance is supported.
Through the investment plan of works construction, people’s living conditions might
be improved, local infrastructure conditions might be more completed, meeting aspirations of
the local government.
No objection to the assessments on the project environmental impacts during the
clearance, construction and operation; consensus to measures and commitments to minimize
environmental impacts during the project implementation.
Most households and local authorities attended the community consultation meetings
agree and support the project and hope for an early implementation of the project; when
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commencing the construction, it should be finished at a given moment, not be lasted to affect
people’s traveling, loss of urban landscape and environmental pollution.
8.3. Conclusion and local comments
8.3.1. Conclusion
South Ma river pumping station canal system upgrading subproject in Yen Dinh and
Thieu Hoa districts, Thanh Hoa province, when being put into operation to ensure proactive and
stable irrigation water for 11,154(ha) of agricultural production land of Yen Dinh and Thieu
Hoa districts; create shifts in plant and livestock restructuring in favor of high economic value,
adapting to the global climate change; improve the socio-economic conditions for over 195
thousand people (including 99.5 thousand women) in the project area. It will partially address
the consequences of climate change by winning all the water to irrigate the South Ma river area
(approximately 19m3/s) for the operation of water supply pumping stations at downstream of
Ma River, contributing to the prevention of inland salinity intrusion.
During the project implementation, it is not easy to avoid impacts on the environment
where the project passes by. Those impacts only occur during construction and it is
completely possible to overcome by the mitigation measures presented.
However, those environmental impacts can be mitigated by effective measures:
monitoring the treatment technologies and processes; periodic monitoring of water quality,
soil environment.....
The environmental quality monitoring program will be taken seriously by the project
management units with cooperation and guidelines of the local environmental management
agencies. The objective of the environmental quality monitoring program is to closely manage
and limit environmental changes in accordance with the current standards of Vietnam.
With a strict compliance with environmental laws of Vietnam, as well as safeguard
policies of the World Bank and proposals for environmental impacts mitigation in this plan, it
is a certainty that the project component: South Ma river pumping station canal system
upgrading subproject will operate well and bring to positive socio-economic efficiencies.
Basis on the analysis of implementation process of construction and operation of the
subproject, collection of data, characteristics of natural conditions and regional socio-
economic conditions, and in combination with the results of pollution sources investigation,
the status of environmental components in the subproject area, this plan has summarized,
analyzed, evaluated and forecasted levels of pollution and impacts on the environment,
natural resources, socio-economy and proposed measures of pollution control, prevention of
environmental incidents.
8.3.2. Comments of local authorities in the subproject area
- Comments on negative impacts of the subproject on the natural environment and
socio-economy: the PCs and FFs of subproject communes and towns agreed with the contents
described in Project Owner’s announcement of waste sources, scale and severity of impacts
caused by the subproject activities during phases, from the preparation phase, the construction
of works to operation phase, on the natural environment and socio-economy of the subproject
area.
- Comments on solutions, measures to minimize negative impacts of the subproject on
the environment and socio-economy: the PCs and FFs of subproject communes and towns
agreed with the contents described in Project Owner’s announcement on measures to mitigate
adverse impacts, prevent and response to environmental incidents proposed, including measures
to minimize dust pollution, measures to minimize air pollution, water pollution ...
- PCs and FFs of communes and towns in the subproject area also have the following
comments (Appendix enclosed) as follows:
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+ PCs and FFs of communes and towns agreed to implement the “South Ma river
pumping station canal system upgrading” subproject decided by Thanh Hoa PPC for benefits
that might be brought by the subproject.
+ Representative of the Project Owner, Thanh Hoa PPMU shall comply with the
environmental protection commitments as noted in the report.
+ The Project Owner is recommended to do the compensation work in accordance with
current regulations.
- Properly comply with measures to minimize dust pollution, emissions, water
pollution, generated solid waste and rescue measures to environmental incidents outlined in
the Plan.
