Department of Computer Science and Technology, UTU...

Department of Computer Science and Technology, UTU 2015

Ms. Juhi Patel, Mr. Krunal Sukhwani Page 1

5 years Integrated M.Sc. (IT) – Semester 4

Question Bank

060010405 – Object Oriented Software Engineering

Unit – 1 Introduction to Software Engineering and Object-Oriented Concepts

SHORT QUESTIONS:

1. What is software? 2. Which documents are prepared during software development? 3. What is the use of operating procedure manuals? 4. Name of some operating procedure manuals. 5. List out characteristics of software. 6. Define encapsulation. 7. List the phases of object-oriented software development life cycle. 8. Software does not wear out. Justify this. 9. Define the term program. 10. List the documents that are prepared during the software development process. 11. State difference between traditional approach and object-oriented approach. 12. List out name of an object-oriented methodology.

LONG QUESTIONS:

1. Explain parts of software. 2. Explain Coad and Yourdon methodology. 3. Explain micro process of Booch methodology. 4. “Encapsulation is also known as information hiding concept”. Justify this statement. 5. Give a brief explanation of macro and micro process of the Booch methodology. 6. Mention the models in the analysis phase of the Rumbaugh methodology and explain their roles

for describing the system. 7. Differentiate between traditional approach and object-oriented approach. 8. Consider a library management system. List out classes, objects, attributes and methods of it 9. Explain macro process of Booch methodology. 10. Explain the models of Jacobson methodology. 11. “Software becomes outdated.” Justify your answer with valid reasons.

FILL IN THE BLANKS:

1. _______________ is a set of instructions written for a specific purpose. 2. A combination of program(s), documentation and operating manuals is known as _____________. 3. All objects are the instance of a ______________. 4. A ____________ is a sequence of steps (or a set of operations) to be performed to complete the

designated work. 5. _______________ is also known as information hiding concept. 6. The member class is called the _____________ and other classes are called __________. 7. Specialization and generalization relationship is known as ________________ relationship. 8. ____________ is the elimination of irrelevant and the amplification of the essential details. 9. _______ and __________’s methodology is popularly known as Object-Oriented Analysis(OOA). 10. The Jaconson’s methodology known as ___________________. 11. Every object belongs to a class is known as ______________ of the class.



12. An object has ____________ and ______________. 13. A class has ____________, _______________ and ______________. 14. __________ is the data of the class. 15. The use of objects as data members in another class is referred to as ________________.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION:

1. Software engineering focuses on producing __________________. A. Good quality product B. Defect-free product C. High performance product D. Reusable product 2. Software consists of A. Programs B. Programs and documentations C. Set of instructions and operating system D. Programs, documentations and operating procedure manuals 3. Program is A. subset of software B. super set of software C. software D. none of the above 4. OOSE stands for ______________. A. Object-oriented system engineering B. Object-oriented system evolution C. Object-oriented software evolution D. Object-oriented software engineering 5. Which of the following is not a part of documentations? A. Software requirement specification document B. System overview C. Test plan D. Source code 6. Which of the following is not a characteristic of software? A. Software does not wear out B. Software is enhanceable C. Software is not flexible 7. The use of components promotes the concept of ___________________. A. Flexibility B. Invisibility C. Reusability D. Conformity 8. Software engineering approach is used to achieve: A. Better performance of hardware B. Error free software C. Reusable software D. Quality software product 9. A class has _____________________. A. Attributes and operations B. Operations and behavior C. State and information D. Attributes and state 10. An object is defined as _________________.



A. Information of a class B. Instance of a class C. Attribute of a class D. Operation of a class 11. The objects of the same class have ________________. A. Difference definitions for operations and information B. Same definition for operation and information C. Different operations D. Different formats 12. Encapsulation is known as _________________. A. Data sharing concepts B. Data retrieval concept C. Data hiding concept D. Data transfer concept 13. What is a method? A. The sequence of steps to be performed to fulfill the assigned task B. The set of operations for a particular task C. Both (A) and (B) D. None of above 14. Object composition refers to ______________. A. Polymorphism B. Data hiding concept C. Derived class inheriting attributes and operations from the base class D. Use of object of one class as data type in another class

Unit 2 : Software development life cycle models

SHORT QUESTIONS:

1. What is mean by an agile? 2. Give the full form of RUP and XP. 3. List out phases of dynamic structure of RUP. 4. Write down a scenario in which you can use iterative enhancement model? 5. Which software development model requires higher user participation? 6. List out object-oriented software development life cycle phases. 7. Define extreme programming. 8. OMG stand for _______________. 9. Which software development model requires higher user participation? 10. Under which situation would you choose to use iterative enhancement model? 11. List any four artefacts produced during elaboration phase of RUP model. 12. List the five phases used for software development when using waterfall model approach. 13. Write down advantages of prototyping model. 14. What do you mean by build and fix model? 15. List out any four rule of extreme programming. 16. What are the two disadvantages of waterfall model? 17. List all the phases of spiral model. 18. What is RUP?

LONG QUESTIONS:

1. Explain release planning phase of XP.



2. Explain user stories with respect to XP. 3. Explain in detail the inception and elaboration phase of dynamic structure of rational unified

process. 4. Draw the diagram of XP life cycle. Explain any two phases in detail. 5. Explain waterfall model in detail. 6. Explain static structure of RUP. 7. What is agile process? Explain its features. 8. Explain inception and elaboration phase of dynamic structure of RUP. 9. What are the agile processes? Explain the key features of agile methodology. 10. Write a short note on prototyping model along with a diagram. State where is it used? 11. Write a short note on Extreme Programming model of agile. 12. Explain in detail the static structure of rational unified process. 13. What is static structure of Rational Unified Process describes? Explain elements of it. 14. What is the use of Facilitated Application Specification Technique? Which activities are carried out

during FAST session?

FILL IN THE BLANKS:

1. In waterfall approach for software development, the phases are completed in _____________ order

and do not overlap with each other. 2. In waterfall approach for software development, the _________ from one phase goes as _________

a. into the next phase. 3. SDLC stands for ________________________________________________________. 4. ________________model is most suitable for projects with changing requirements. 5. A usable product is produced at the end of each cycle in ___________________ model. 6. The spiral model is suitable for ________________. 7. The extreme programming is based on ______________________. 8. In fountain model, the arrows with circles depict the_________________. 9. UML stands for __________________________________________. 10. The _____________________is the outcome of the construction phase in RUP. 11. XP begins with collection of requirements termed ______________ from customer. 12. ____________ means the ability to move quickly and easily. 13. The spiral model incorporates _________________ and __________________ steps in order to reduce risks

and defects in early phases of software development. 14. OMG stands for _______________________________. 15. ________________ modelling creates models to solve problems around the real world.( 16. The RUP is _______________ in nature.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS:

1. Which is the most popular model for student programs? A. Waterfall model B. Build-and-fix model C. Spiral model D. Rational unified model 2. Which of the following is not an object oriented model? A. Fountain model B. Rational unified model C. Extreme programming D. None of the above 3. Which model produces a large number of documents? A. Extreme programming B. Waterfall model



C. Build-and-fix model D. None of the above 4. Which of the following is an advantage of the waterfall model? A. Large number of documents are produced B. Separation of life cycle phases C. Both (A) and (B) D. None of the above 5. In which model are requirements implemented by priority? A. Waterfall model B. Prototyping model C. Iterative enhancement model D. Extreme programming 6. If user feedback and involvement are not available, which model is suitable? A. Iterative enhancement model B. Waterfall model C. Prototyping model D. None of the above 7. The radical dimension of the spiral model shows: A. Progress made in the completion of the final software B. Schedule of the project C. Cumulative cost of the project D. None of the above 8. The angular dimension of the spiral model shows: A. Progress made in the completion of the final software B. Schedule of the project C. Cumulative cost of the project D. None of the above 9. The key features of agile processes include: A. Working software is produced very early B. Iterative planning C. The customer is always present at the developer’s site D. None of the above 10. Spikes are _________________________________. A. Quick exploration of user stories B. Detailed exploration of user stories C. Ranking of user stories D. Used to identify risky user stories 11. XP is not suitable for applications where: A. Documentation is required B. Continuous customer involvement cannot be achieved C. Technology is simple D. Pair programming is suitable 12. Object oriented life cycle model deals with: A. Changing requirements B. Real-world projects C. Business objects D. All of the above 13. The team of unified process development includes A. I. Jacobson B. B. Boehm C. Victor Basili D. L. Briand 14. The major elements of the static structure of RUP are: A. Workflows



B. Artifacts C. Disciplines D. All of the above 15. Which of the following is not an activity of elaboration phase? A. Design of use case model B. Prototyping C. Execution of detailed iteration phase D. Establishment of scope and boundary of the project 16. The CRC cards are used to _________________ the system. A. testing B. design C. coding D. deployment

Unit – 3 : Software Requirement Elicitation and Analysis

SHORT QUESTIONS:

1. What is functional requirement? Give an example of it. 2. Define stakeholder. State what do you understand by the term stakeholder? 3. List the possible actors in a web based Student Information System. 4. What is the role of facilitator in brainstorming session? 5. What is FAST elicitation technique? 6. What is actor in the context of use case diagram? 7. What does use case describes? 8. Which kinds of relationships are used between use cases? 9. How to represent actor in the use case diagram? 10. Write any four stakeholders of Hospital Management System. 11. State any two differences between formal interview and informal interview. 12. What the use is of include and extend clause in use case diagram? 13. List out different categories of stakeholders. 14. What are functional requirement non-functional requirement? 15. Write guidelines for the creation of use cases. 16. Draw a template for initial requirement document.

LONG QUESTIONS:

1. Explain walkthrough and inspection process. 2. Explain types of actor. 3. Explain formal interview. 4. Explain various categories of stakeholders in software project. 5. Explain an interview as a requirement elicitation technique. 6. Write a short note on brainstorming session. 7. What is brainstorming session? Write a short note on its features, advantages and disadvantages if

any. 8. Which activities are carried out during FAST session? 9. Explain components of use case diagram. 10. Explain characteristics of a good requirement in detail. 11. Explain include and extend relationship with example. 12. Explain brainstorming and FAST session as the requirement elicitation techniques. 13. Create the use case diagram for online shopping system. Assume that there are different types of

payment systems involved. And the customer can select n number of items in shopping cart.



14. Create the use case diagram for online hotel room booking system. There are different categories of room available to the customers.

15. Draw a use case diagram for the following scenario. An automated teller machine (ATM) or the automatic banking machine (ABM) is banking subsystem that provides bank customers with access to financial transactions in a public space without the need for a cashier, clerk or bank teller. Customer uses bank ATM to check balances of his/her bank accounts, deposit funds, withdraw cash and/or transfer funds. ATM Technician provides maintenance and repairs. All these activities involve Bank whether it is related to customer transactions or to the ATM servicing.

16. How will you conduct an interview for the purpose of requirement elicitation? 17. Draw a use case diagram for the scenario given below.

Mega super market has three checkout counters. In order to improve the checkout process a PC has been set up at each of these counters along with the printer. Each item in the super market is packed & each packet carries on it a price tag on which are printed its item code and price. Each customer picks out the desired packet from the shelves place them in the standard shopping basket supplied by the super market and carries the basket to one of the checkout counters. The counter operator takes out each of the packets from the basket, keys in the 12 digit item code. The amount is collected from the customer and a bill is printed and issued to the customer.

18. List the types of relationships used in a use case diagram. Explain any two along with examples for each relationship.

19. Draw the use case diagram of Face book. 20. Consider the following scenario and draw the use case diagram accordingly.

The Hotel Management System allows receptionist to do reservation for the hotel guests. Receptionist can insert, update, delete and search guest details, search available rooms, making the reservation and payment process and cancel reservation. Administrator is allowed to manage room details and view guest details.

17. Consider the following bookshop automation system (BAS) software. I) BAS should enable the shop clerk to enter the details of various books the shop deals

with and change the inventory level of various books when new stocks arrive. II) BAS should help the customers query whether a book is in stock. The users can query

the availability to a book either by using the book’s title or by using a partial name of the author. If a book is in stock, the exact number of copies available and the rack number in which the book is located should be displayed. If a book is not in the stock, the query for the book is used to increment a request field for the book. The manager can periodically view the request field of the books to roughly estimate the current demand for different out-of-stock books.

III) BAS should maintain the price of various books. As soon as a customer selects a book to purchase, the sales clerk would enter the ISBN number of the book. BAS should decrement the stock to reflect the book sale and generate the sales receipt for the book.

IV) Upon request, BAS should generate sales statistics (viz. book name, publisher, ISBN number, number of copies sold and the sales revenue) for any period. BAS should enable the manager to view publisher-wise sales (e.g. sale of all books of any given publishing house) over a period.

V) Do following: a. Identify actors and use cases. b. Draw the use case diagram for the BAS software. c. Write use case description of any two use cases.

18. Air ticket reservation (ATR) system is software required to automate the reservation system for airline at an airport or elsewhere. The primary task deals with the following functionalities:

I) Maintenance of user account II) Maintenance of flight database, i.e. flight number, timing, number of seats, etc.

III) Reservation of air tickets IV) Cancelling of air tickets



V) Enquiry about flight schedules, timings, etc. VI) Reports regarding day-to-day bookings, ticket availability, passengers’ database, etc.

a. Air ticket may be issued on demand for any flight to and from any destination for any date and in any class as desired by the passenger depending on the availability.

b. After any issue or cancellation of the ticket, the corresponding information has to be updated so that the ticket availability shows the status of the seats actually available/unavailable. Enquiries made by the passengers also need to be furnished disclosing the timing and availability of flight and air tickets in particular classes for the dates provided by the enquirer.

VII) For the sale of an air ticket or for its cancellation, money will be paid or refunded and thus there will be a need for account maintenance, which may include ledger, sale book receipt, etc.

VIII) There will also be a detailed account of all the passenger list for all flights, thus aiding in cross checking any information that may be of use to the airline or any other authorities.

a. Identify actors and use cases. b. Draw the use case diagram for the ATR software. c. Write the use case description of reservation of airlines.

FILL IN THE BLANKS:

1. Functional requirements are also called ____________________. 2. _____________ requirements are called quality attributes. 3. An interview of the customer may be ____________or _____________. 4. A use case addresses _______________ requirements. 5. __________ may be a person or an external system. 6. __________ relationship is used to extend the functionality of the original use cases. 7. __________ is represented by an oval. 8. __________ is represented by a stick figure. 9. The relationship between an actor and a use case is shown by _____________. 10. The ___________ flow is represented by a straight arrow and ___________ flow is represented by curve. 11. ____________ describe the functionality of the system.

12. An actor may interact with one or more __________________ depending on its defined role in the system.


1. The hardest part of software development is ___________________. A. Requirement gathering B. Software design C. Software implementation D. None of the above 2. Requirements are described as __________________. A. How of a system B. What of a system C. When of a system D. All of the above 3. Which of the following is not a stakeholder? A. Customer B. User C. Developer



D. Operating system 4. What requirement elicitation means?

A. Requirements capturing B. Requirements prioritization C. Requirements management D. Requirements traceability 4. The structured interview method includes the creation of ______________. A. Use case diagram B. Data flow diagram C. Prototype D. Questionnaire 5. The size of a group in brainstorming session is ______________. A. 15-30 persons B. 5-15 persons C. 1-5 persons D. >30 persons 6. What is the role of a facilitator? A. Handle conflicts B. Ensure smooth conduct of meeting C. Prepare detailed report D. All of the above 7. What is the full form of FAST? A. Frequent application specification technique B. Facilitated application specification technique C. Facilitated approximate specification technology D. Facilitated application specification terminology 8. Which of the following is true? A. FAST is not a popular technique B. FAST session is conducted at customer’s site C. FAST is more formal than brainstorming session D. FAST is a low-cost activity 9. What is a use case scenario? A. An instant of a class B. An instance of a use case C. An instance of an actor D. A path through a process 10. A use case diagram consists of which of the following?

A. Actors and classes B. Actors and objects C. Classes and use cases D. Actors and use cases

11. Actors include anything that is ________________. A. External to the system B. Internal to the system C. Functionality of the system D. Both (A) and (B) 12. Which of the following is not an actor? A. External system B. Customers C. Users D. Keyboard 13. In a use case diagram, a use case is represented by ____________. A. A triangle B. A rectangle



C. An oval D. A squares 14. A use case addresses _______________. A. Functional requirements B. Not-functional requirements C. Both (A) and (B) D. None of the above 15. In a use case diagram, actors are represented by _____________. A. Triangle B. Oval C. Stick figures D. Square 16. IRD stands for ___________. A. Initial Request Document B. Internal Requirements Document C. Initial Requirements Document D. Interactive Requirements Document 17. Which of the following is not a characteristic of a good requirement? A. Detailed B. Complete C. Verifiable D. Unambiguous 18. Which of the following is not a component of a use case diagram? A. Actor B. Use case C. Relationship between actor and use case

D. Test case 19. Which are not included in a use case template? A. Actors B. Preconditions and post conditions C. Test cases D. Flow of events

Unit – 4 : Object-Oriented Analysis

SHORT QUESTIONS:

1. State difference between controller class and interface class? 2. Draw the notations used for aggregation and generalization. 3. What is the importance of generalization relationship in context of object oriented analysis? 4. What do you understand by attributes and operations of a class? 5. What are the properties of control class? 6. List the possible actors in a web based Leave Management System. 7. Define a controller class with its UML notation. 8. Draw UML notations for aggregation and generalization. 9. What are attributes and operations of a class in terms of OOSE? 10. What do you understand by the term guard condition? 11. Define a interface class with its UML notation. 12. Draw UML notations for state and transition in a state diagram. 13. What do you mean by methods in a class in terms of OOSE? 14. Who are primary actors? Give an example. 15. When composition relationship is used among classes?

16. How to represent object in sequence diagram? 17. What is an object composition? Give an example.



18. State any two benefits of inheritance 19. Define entity class with suitable example. 20. State difference between dependency and generalization with example. 21. Draw the diagram for modelling relationship between classes in “Login” use case. 22. Departments belong to only the specific university. Identify and draw the relationship for this

scenario. 23. Identified entity, interface and controller classes for “issue book” use case of LMS. 24. Define relationship between objects. List out any four relationships. 25. State any two benefits of inheritance.

LONG QUESTIONS:

1. Explain association with example. 2. List out various relationship among objects. Explain any one in detail with appropriate example. 3. Define multiplicity with example. 4. Model the relationship between objects of “registration” use case of College management system. 5. Explain various types of classes along with their notations. 6. Explain composition and aggregation with example. 7. Consider a banking information system. List out classes, objects, attributes and methods of it. 8. What is the difference between OOA and structured system analysis? In recent years, to develop the web

application, which analysis is most suitable? 9. Draw a class diagram for the above described scenario of online railway reservation. 10. List all the types of classes in OOSE. Explain in detail any two with examples and UML notations. 11. Explain in detail association with its various types and examples. 12. Explain equivalence class partitioning technique. How it is different than boundary value analysis?

13. Create three classes linked by associations to represent a student taking courses in a school. Specify appropriate multiplicity as well as association names for the association. If there is more than one alternative, explain the advantages and disadvantages of each.

14. For a university, course and its professor association, indicate whether it should be an ordinary association, an aggregation or a composition. 15. Consider the following case study of Medicine Shop Automation (MSA) software to be used by the owner of a retail shop of medicine.

The medicine shop consists of various types of medicines purchased from different vendors. These medicines are kept in numbered racks in the shop. The software should be able to maintain the vendor name and address. The inventory is maintained by the owner of the shop. The shop owner faces a problem of placing order as soon as the number of medicines starts reducing in the inventory below a threshold limit. The medicine shop owner wants to maintain inventory of medicines for about one week for each of the medicine. The limiting value must be calculated by the software by analyzing the average sales per one week for each medicine. The software must be able to generate the items ordered at the end of each day. The items must consist of the number of items to be ordered along with the vendor name. The software must be able to maintain the description about each item with item no, name, vendor no, quantity, expiry date etc. The software should be able to maintain the items sold to each customer, and should print a cash receipt. At the end of the day, the software should be able to generate a list of expired items. For implementing the MSA software, identify the classes and their relationships and represent them using the class diagram.

16. Consider the following Bookshop Automation System (BAS) software: The BAS should enable the shop clerk to enter the details of the various books the shop deals with and change the inventory level of the various books when new stock arrive. The BAS should help the customers query whether a book is in stock. The users can query the availability of a book either by using the book title or by using a partial name of the author. If a book is in stock, the exact number of copies available and the rack number in which the book is located should be displayed. If a book is not in the stock, the query for



the books is used to increment a request field for the book. The manager can periodically view the request field of the books to roughly estimate the current demand for different out-of-stock books. The BAS should maintain the price of various books. As soon as a customer selects a book to purchase, the sales clerk would enter the ISBN number of the book. The BAS should decrement the stock to reflect the book sale and generate the sales receipt for the book. Upon request, the BAS should generate sales statistics (viz. book name, publisher, ISBNnumber, number of copies sold and sales revenue) for any period. The BAS should enable the manager to view publisher wise sales (e.g. sale of all books of any given publishing house) over a period. For implementing the BAS software, identify the classes and interrelationships and represent them Using the class diagram.

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. The notation used to represent an entity class is ________________. 2. The notation used to represent an interface class is ________________. 3. The notation used to represent a control class is ________________. 4. ____________ Classes include those classes that are going to persist longer into the system. 5. A ________ is a collection of objects, with common attributes and operations. 6. _____________________________ identifies and defines the real world objects that are involved in

interaction with the system. 7. Structured analysis involves converting the ______________ into specifications. 8. Entity classes are also called ____________ classes. 9. _________ classes are responsible for coordinating and managing entity and interface classes. 10. The system model depicts the ___________________ amongst classes. 11. _________________ is a structural connection between classes. 12. The relationship is ___________________ in association relationship. 13. Aggregation represents ____________ relationship. 14. Composition relationship represents a strong form of the ______________ relationship. 15. _____________ relationship is unidirectional. 16. _________________ is a relationship between the parent class and the child class.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Structural approach involves : A. Top-down approach B. Bottom-up approach C. Sandwich approach D. None of the above 2. The class modeling technique: A. Separates data and functions B. Combines data and functions C. Gives more importance to data D. Gives more importance to functions 3. Classes can be categorized into: A. Entity, boundary, monitor B. Entity, control, abstract C. Virtual, abstract, template D. Entity, control, interface 4. The purpose of entity class is to: A. Store temporary variables B. Store persistent data C. Store control information D. None of the above 5. Interface classes are used to:



A. Handle control information in the system B. Handle interactions in the system C. Handle information that will persist longer in the system D. All of the above 6. Control classes are responsible for: A. Storing persistent data B. Handling interactions in the system C. Coordinating and managing entity and interface classes D. None of the above 7. Which type of relationship is modeled by the aggregation relationship? A. Is-a B. Has-a C. Type-of D. Parent-child 8. Which type of relationship is modeled by the generalization relationship? A. Is-a B. Has-a C. Type-of D. Parent-child 9. Dependency relationship is depicted by:

A. A directed dashed line B. A solid line C. A line with diamond at the end D. A solid line with an open arrow head

10. 10. Aggregation relationship is depicted by: A. A directed dashed line B. B. A solid line C. C. A line with diamond at the end D. A solid line with an open arrow head

11. If a class is a whole and other classes are its parts, then which type of relationship should be modeled?

A. Association B. Dependency C. Aggregation D. Generalization

12. Which type of class may contain the maximum number of attributes? A. Control B. Abstract C. Interface D. Entity

13. The extent to which different classes are dependent upon each other is called: A. Cohesion B. Coupling C. Inheritance D. Modularity

14. The attributes can be identified from: A. Use case description B. SRS document C. Database schema D. All of the above

15. An analyst must ensure: A. A class is independent from others B. All classes identified can be traced back to the requirements C. Class diagram is consistent and readable



D. All of the above

Unit – 5 : Object- Oriented Design

Short QUESTIONS:

1. State any two differences between OOA and OOD. 2. What is the difference between lifeline and focus of control in sequence diagram? 3. Which symbol is used to destroy an object in sequence diagram?

1. What is guard condition? What do you understand by the term event? 2. What are the purposes of activity diagram? Brief any two.

4. Which two special states are used in activity diagram? 5. What are test cases? 6. What is the use of fork and join? 7. How to represent object in sequence diagram? 8. Consider the scenario of online railway reservation system. This system checks the train and ticket availability and

then processes the passenger’s data for booking. Create the sequence diagram to represent this case. 9. Describe the steps that are performed while converting an entity into a database tables?

1. State difference between synchronous message and asynchronous message. 2. Define interaction diagram. List out its types. 3. State difference between sequence diagram and collaboration diagram. 4. Define synchronous type of message with example. 5. Define asynchronous type of message with example. 6. What is the use of branching in activity diagram? Give an example.

LONG QUESTIONS:

1. Which are the types of control structures of sequence diagram? Explain any one of them in detail. 2. Consider railway reservation system. Draw the sequence diagram of “Ticket Reservation” use case. 3. Draw and explain with example the format of detailed design of class. 4. Explain the elements (notations) of sequence diagram with example. 5. What are object, lifeline and focus of control with respect to sequence diagram?Explain with example. 6. List out different types of messages. Explain any four with example. 7. List and explain symbols used in activity diagram with example. 8. Explain join and fork in activity diagram with example. 9. Explain following terms with example with respect to statechart diagram.

a. State b. Event c. Action d. Guard condition

10. Which are the steps followed when converting entity into database tables? 11. Draw an activity diagram for the following scenario.

An online railway reservation consists of the following activities. A Passenger can reserve a ticket, cancel a ticket and enquiry. Each train has limited number of reserved seats. Once a passenger cancels a ticket, required amount is deducted and the waiting list passenger is allotted the seat. Passenger may also book a ticket in ticket scheme by paying additional amount. Passenger who booked the ticket under ticket scheme can’t get any refund if the ticket is cancelled. The chart is prepared two hours before the departure of the train.

12. Draw a sequence diagram for the above described scenario of online railway reservation.



13. Draw a state chart diagram for the above described scenario of online railway reservation. 14. Draw a sequence diagram for the following scenario. The ABC Institute of Computer Applications operates

international business programs in 10 locations throughout India. The institute keeps a track of each graduate student. In order to maintain strong ties to its alumni; the school holds various events around the world. The institute needs to keep track of which graduates have attended which events. For an attendance by a graduate at an event, a comment is recorded about information. A report is produced showing the latest information about that graduate.

15. Draw an activity diagram for the above scenario. 16. Draw state chart diagram for the scenario given below. OTOS’s pharmacy is the distributer of various

pharmaceuticals products. They have a huge network of customers. The registered customers can only book orders for the specified product. If the specified product s available the required quantity is checked against the quantity on hand (QOH). If the required quantity is less than QOH a deliver challan is prepared. After the delivery of the product an Invoice is prepared by accountant who contains the cost of ordered items, deductions if any (in case of damaged or lost goods) and previous outstanding balance. Then the invoice is sent to the customer.

17. Draw an activity diagram for the above scenario. 18. What are sequence diagram? How are sequence diagrams different from that of a collaboration diagram? 19. Draw the sequence diagram of Room Reservation in Hotel Management System. 20. Draw the sequence diagram for the Withdraw Money from the ATM. 21. Which are the different types of messages used in sequence diagram to represent interaction among objects? Explain

any three with proper example.

7. Explain reflexive message with example.

FILL IN THE BLANKS:

. ______________ diagram depicts the communication between a set of objects through messages passing among themselves. 2. ____________ diagram shows the interaction amongst objects with respect to time. 3. ____________ diagram depicts the sequence in which objects send or receive messages amongst themselves. 4. The dashed line appearing on the vertical axis is known as ________________ of an object. 5. The destruction of an object is represented by __________. 6. _____________ represent interaction between objects, in which the sending object asks the receiving object to perform some operation 7. In a sequence diagram, a message that can be sent by an object to itself is known as _______________ message. 8. The detailed class diagram is created in the _________________________ phase. 9. In a statechart diagram, ____________ is a behavior that occurs in response to a state transition. 10. A use case scenario matrix represents combinations of all possible ______________ and ________________ flows. 11. _________ divides the activities into two or more concurrent subactivities. 12. _________ combines the two or more concurrent flows when they are completed. 13. ______________ diagram models the states of an object’s lifetime. 14. In a statechart diagram, ____________ is a message that is sent from one object to another object. 15. In statechart diagram, the substates are also referred to as a _____________ state and the outer state is referred to as __________ state. 16. _______________ increases the readability and decreases the complexity of the source code. 17. _______________ is a software system that can manage large amount of data in an efficient and robust manner.


1. Interaction diagrams model: A. Static aspects of the system



B. Dynamic aspects of the system C. Constant aspects of the system D. None of the above 2. In which diagram, the message sent between objects are time ordered? A. Sequence diagrams B. Collaboration diagrams C. Class diagrams D. State transition diagrams 3. The dashed line appearing on the vertical axis in a sequence diagram is known as ________. A. Focus of control B. Lifeline C. Object D. Line of control 4. The rectangle appearing on the vertical axis in the sequence diagram is known as ___________. A. Focus of control B. Lifeline C. Object D. Line of control 5. The focus of control in the sequence diagrams is represented by _____________ A. Dashed line B. Square C. Rectangle D. Solid line 6. In the synchronous type of messages: A. Sending object does not wait to receive a response B. Object sends a message itself C. Sending object waits to receive a response D. Sending object sends create message 7. In the asynchronous type of messages: A. Sending object does not wait to receive a response B. Object sends a message itself C. Sending object waits to receive a response D. Sending object sends create message 8. In the reflexive type of messages: A. Sending object does not wait to receive a response B. Object sends a message itself C. Sending object waits to receive a response D. Sending object sends create message 9. The destruction of a object is represented by _____________. A. Rectangle B. Square C. Big Y D. Big X 10. The first message in the sequence diagram is sent by a/an ______________. A. Object B. Class C. External entity D. Keyboard 11. The staircase-shaped control structure is known as ______________. A. Centralized B. Basic C. Distributed D. Decentralized



12. Which of the following is true for collaboration diagram? A. Collaboration diagrams represent static view of the system B. Collaboration diagrams depicts time-ordered messages between objects C. Collaboration diagrams consists of a lifeline and focus of control D. Collaboration diagrams depict interaction between objects which are not time ordered 13. In a collaboration diagram, a link can depict: A. Multiple messages B. Single messages C. Abstract messages D. None of the above 14. In collaboration diagram, the sequence number of a message is separated by the message name by: A. Dash B. Colon C. Arrow D. Dot 15. The aim of Coad and Yourdon guidelines is to: A. Improve software quality B. Product clear and concise design C. Create simple and understandable classes D. All of the above 16. Activity diagrams are used to model: A. Static behavior of the system B. Dynamic behavior of the system C. Interaction between objects D. None of the above 17. Branching condition in an activity diagram is also known as ___________. A. Branch condition B. Decision condition C. Guard condition D. Statement condition 18. Every fork should have: A. Multiple joins B. Single join C. No join D. None of the above 19. Fork and join are used to represent: A. Concurrent subactivities B. Serial subactivities C. Decision conditions D. Branch conditions 21. Which diagrams are used to model behavior of an operation? A. Sequence diagrams B. Statechart diagrams C. Activity diagrams D. Use case diagrams 22. A statechart diagram describes: A. Interaction in a process B. Activities involved in an operation C. Attributes of an object D. Events invoked by an object 23. The state containing substates is known as ____________. A. Superstate



B. Concurrent state C. History state D. Base state

Unit – 6 : Software Testing

SHORT QUESTIONS:

1. What is the difference between alpha and beta testing? 2. What are test cases? Give an example. 3. Define the term Software testing.

4. What is software testing? 5. State difference between software verification and software validation. 6. Which are the techniques of software verification? 7. List out software validation techniques. 8. Why functional testing is also called blackbox testing? 9. What do you mean by integration testing? 10. What do you mean by system testing? 11. What do you mean by acceptance testing? 12. What is mutation testing? 13. List any two static unit testing tool. 14. What are test cases? Give an example. 15. Define the term validation. 16. What is the purpose of testing? 17. List any two ways to find the cyclomatic complexity. Give an example of any one of them.

1. What are verification and validation? 2. State the difference between peer reviews and walkthroughs verification techniques. 3. What is the difference between functional testing and structural testing? 4. List out levels of testing. Explain unit testing.

LONG QUESTIONS:

1. Explain walkthroughs as verification technique in detail. 2. Explain inspection as a verification technique in detail. 3. Explain boundary value analysis in detail. 4. Explain equivalence class testing in detail. 5. List out structural testing techniques. Explain any one of them in detail. 6. Explain path testing with example. 7. Explain levels of testing in detail. 8. What is the difference between verification and validation? Which activity comes first in

software development?

9. Explain generalization and association as object oriented relationship. 10. What are the levels of testing? In each level of testing which activities are carried out? Explain in detail. 11. What is functional testing? How it is different than the structural testing? 12. What is a path? Write a detailed note on path testing with an example. 13. What is structural testing? List all the techniques available under structural testing. Explain any one of them in

detail with the help of an example.

FILL IN THE BLANKS:



All validation activities are related to ____________________. 2. All verification activities are related to ___________________. 3. _____________ is a verification activity. 4. _________________ is the presenter of documents in walkthroughs. 5. ______________verification technique accommodates maximum participants. 6. Another name for peer review is _____________. 7. _____________defects can be easily identified in static testing than in dynamic testing. 8. Functional testing is related to ________________. 9. Functionality of a program is tested by _______________. 10. A column of a decision table generates____________________. 11. For boundary value analysis, inputs should be _______________. 12. Mutation testing is based on _______________. 13. ________________ is the functional testing tool. 14. The process of making change in the program by one or more changes is called ___________ and the changed program is called a mutant. 15. _____________diagrams are used in state-based testing.


1. What is the purpose of testing? A. To show the correctness of a program B. To calculate the reliability of a program C. To find faults in a program D. To know the limitations of a program 2. Software testing primarily focuses on: A. Verification activities only B. Validation activities only C. Verification and validation activities D. None of the above 3. Which is not a term for inspection? A. Peer review B. Review C. Technical review D. Formal technical review 4. Who is the presenter of documents in inspections? A. Customer B. Developer C. Third party moderator D. Author 5. Identify the IEEE standard for SRS: A. IEEE std. 830-1998 B. IEEE std. 829-1998 C. IEEE std. 831-1998 D. IEEE std. 1016-1998 6. Static testing may not be able to identify: A. Memory leaks B. Non-declaration of a variable C. Wrong declaration of a variable D. All of the above 7. Boundary value analysis generates x test cases for n variables. The value of x is: A. 8n+1



B. 6n+1 C. 4n+1 D. 2n+1 8. Which of the following is not related to black box testing? A. Boundary value analysis B. Decision table based testing C. Equivalence class testing D. Slice-based testing 9. For a function of n variables, robust testing generates: A. 6n+1 test cases B. 8n+1 test cases C. 9n+1 test cases D. 5n+1 test cases 10. The range of input x is between 100 and 200. Identify the values of x for invalid equivalence classes: A. 99, 201 B. 100, 200 C. 99, 200 D. 100, 201 11. How many minimum test cases are selected from an equivalence class? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 12. Binary condition decision table is called: A. Extended entry decision table B. Complex entry decision table C. Critical entry decision table D. Limited entry decision table 13. Which is not related to structural testing? A. Data flow testing B. Path testing C. Mutation testing D. Equivalence class testing 14. Mutation testing is based on: A. Fault rejection B. Fault seeding C. Fault propagation D. Fault analysis 15. Mutation score is not related to: A. Effectiveness of a test suite B. Performance of a test suite C. Size of a test suite D. Usefulness of a test suite 16. Which mutants are more popular in practice? A. First-order mutants B. Second-order mutants C. Third-order mutants D. Fourth-order mutants 17. White box testing technique may help to: A. Understand the program B. Generate test cases C. Look into internal structure of the source code D. All of the above



18. Which is not a specified level of testing? A. Unit testing B. Integration testing C. System testing D. Statement testing 19. Which is not an integration testing technique? A. Thread-based testing B. Use-case based testing C. Cluster testing D. Slice-based testing 20. Which is not a static testing tool? A. CMT Java B. Rational purify C. Compuware’s QALOAD D. McCabe QA 21. Which is not a dynamic testing tool? A. Apache JMeter B. Mercury Interactive’s Load Runner C. Compuware’s QALOAD D. CMT Java 22. Which is not a process management tool? A. Mercury Interactive’s Test Director B. Compuware’s QA Director C. Auto Tester’s Auto Advisor D. Rational’s Robot

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