Neurociencia de Sistemas Rodrigo Quian Quiroga Department of Engineering University of Leicester www.le.ac.uk/neuroengineering “… ‘You’, your joy and your sorrows , your memories and your ambitions, your sense of personal identity and free will, are in fact no more than the behaviour of a vast assembly of nerve cells and their associated molecules.” Francis Crick. The Astonishing hypothesis. Francis Crick (1916-2004) Cracking the neural code! Main research areas How are concepts represented in the human brain? How can we optimise data processing methods to obtain more information from neural data? Can paralized patients move prosthetic devices with their thought? I - Recordings in epileptic patients II - Advanced processing of neural data IV - Neuroprosthetics III - Art & Science Can we combine knowledge from arts and neuroscience ? V - EEG & Eye tracking How can we study non-invasively perception and memory processes? Do animals have conceptual representations as humans? VI - Animal recordings Neurociencia de Sistemas • Modelado • Analisis de seniales • Experimentos (Neurofisiologia)
Transcript
Neurociencia de S
istemas
Rodrigo Q
uian Quiroga
Departm
ent of Engineering
University of Leicester
ww
w.le.ac.uk/neuroengineering
“… ‘You’, your joy and your sorrow
s , your m
emories and your am
bitions, your sense of personal identity and free w
ill, are in fact no m
ore than the behaviour of a vast assembly of
nerve cells and their associated molecules.”
Francis Crick. The Astonishing hypothesis.
Francis Crick (1916-2004)
Cracking the neural code!
Main research areas
How
are concepts represented in the hum
an brain?H
ow can w
e optimise data processing m
ethods to obtain m
ore information from
neural data?
Can paralized patients m
ove prosthetic devices w
ith their thought?
I - Recordings in epileptic patients
II - Advanced processing of neural data
IV - Neuroprosthetics
III - Art &
Science
Can w
e combine know
ledge from arts and
neuroscience ?
V - EEG &
Eye tracking
How
can we study non-invasively perception
and mem
ory processes?D
o animals have conceptual
representations as humans?
VI - Anim
al recordings
Neurociencia de Sistem
as
•M
odelado
•A
nalisis de seniales
•Experim
entos (Neurofisiologia)
Which level?
Neurociencia de Sistem
as
•Clase 1. Introducción
•Clase 2. Registros extracelulares y Spike sorting.
•Clase 3. Procesado de inform
ación visual.
•Clase 4. Percepción y m
emoria.
•Clase 5. D
ecodificación – Teoría de la información.
•Clase 6. Electroencefalografía – A
nálisis de tiempo-frecuencia y W
avelets.
•Clase 7. Potenciales evocados – A
nálisis de ensayo único.
Algunas ideas basicas
de Neurociencia
Phrenology
Franz Gall
Pierre Flourens
Aggregate-field view
Brocca’s area: Speech
Wernicke’s area: Language understanding
Motor areas (Jackson)
Are functions localized?
Ram
on y Cajal
Extracellular recordings
Movem
ent planning areas
Richard A
ndersen
Monkey does reaches and saccades
Adapted from
ww
w.vis.caltech.edu
Recorded activity for an eye
movem
ent to a briefly flashed target.
FLAS
HE
D TA
RG
ET
EY
E M
OV
EM
EN
T
Tim
e
Movem
ent planning areasPlanning of arm
reaches
Planning of saccades
Spike sorting?Spike detection
Spike sorting
Wave_clus
Neural C
omputation, 2004
www.le.ac.uk/csn
Visual perception
Visual pathway
from van E
ssen and colleagues
Time
Time
Orientation TuningD
avid Hubel &
Torsten Wiesel
Kanizsa triangle
Perception
Change blindness
Visual illusion
Scintillating grid illusion
Scintillating grid illusion
Scintillating grid illusion
Perception
Hippocam
pus
V1
ITPerception Action
Hubel and W
iesel
Gross and cow
orkers
Single cell recordings in humans
•Subjects: –
Epileptic patients, candidates for epilepsy surgery
•Recordings:–
64 microwires able to record single-
neurons and LFPs•
In hippocampus, am
ygdala, entorhinal cortex and parahippocam
pal gyrus.
Clinical contacts
MR
I
Background image by Peter Clevestig. Graphic design by Dave Barton.
DecodingN
ature Review
s Neuroscience 10: 173-185; 2009
Unit 1
Unit 2
Unit 3
Unit 4
Unit 5
1sec
40 Hz
J. Neurophysiology, 2007
Neural Prosthesis
Adapted from
ww
w.vis.caltech.edu
From A
ndy Schwartz lab
Neurociencia de Sistem
as
•Clase 1. Introducción
•Clase 2. Registros extracelulares y Spike sorting.
•Clase 3. Procesado de inform
ación visual.
•Clase 4. Percepción y m
emoria.
•Clase 5. D
ecodificación – Teoría de la información.
•Clase 6. Electroencefalografía – A
nálisis de tiempo-frecuencia y W
avelets.
•Clase 7. Potenciales evocados – A
nálisis de ensayo único.
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Hans Berger (1873-1941)
Scalp EEG
Blink artifact
Sleep stages
Grand M
al Seizure
Intracranial recordings
EE
G of an epileptic patient
Seizure-w
arning devices
Evoked potentials
Time (sec)
µVµV
Time (sec)
Averaged evoked potentials
Wavelet function
--
Multiresolution decom
position
EP_den �
Nonlinear dynam
ics
Phase sp
ace
Synchronization
Lorenz driven by a Rossler
Coup
ling
Lorenz driven by a Rossler
Clase 1. Introducción a neurociencia de sistem
as
The Astonishing H
ypothesis. Francis Crick. 2004. (el m
ejor de divulgacion entre m
uchos…)
Gazzaniga, Ivry and M
angun. Cognitive N
euroscience (excelente libro de texto) K
andel, Schw
artz and Jessell. Principles of N
eural Science (caro
pero el mejor – el m
as completo)
Que es la m
emoria?
Rodrigo Q
uian Quiroga.
Paidos, 2015. (de autor controvertido, pero relativam
