+ All Categories
Home > Documents > Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as...

Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as...

Date post: 29-Mar-2021
Category:

Documents
Upload: others
View: 4 times
Download: 0 times
Download Report this document
Share this document with a friend
17
Technological Networks
Transcript
Page 1: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

TechnologicalNetworks

Page 2: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

TheInternet

Nodes arecomputersorcomputerroutersEdges arecablesoropticalfiberlineslinkingcomputers

CAIDAAnnualReport(1998)

Page 3: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

TheInternet

Page 4: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

TheInternetProtocol(IP)

AccountingsystemusedforpacketsofinformationontheinternetincludesanIPaddressforeachpacket.Thisisasequenceof4numbersseparatedbyperiods.Forexample:

142.201.098.179

ErrorcheckingattargetofmessageisdonethroughasoftwareprotocolcalledTransportControlProtocol(TCP), whichalsocaninitiateresubmissionoflostpackets.Alldoneautomatically!

Page 5: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

InternetNetworkStructure

ISP=InternetServiceProviders

Backboneroutersarethecoreofthenetwork,withhigh-performancerouterslinkedwiththefastestfiberopticconnectionsavailable.OperatedbyNetworkBackboneProviders(NBPs)suchasAT&T.

Page 6: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

InternetNetworkStructure

Interiorverticesarerouters,whicharespecial-purposecomputersatthejunctionsbetweendatalines.

Endusersarethecomputersandotherdeviceswealluse.

Page 7: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

AnEmergentNetwork

Emergentsystem:anumberofsimpleentitiesinteracttoproducecomplexbehaviors

Thestructureconstantlychanges,butcanbeprobedusingtraceroutes.

ThistakesadvantageofaportionofthepacketcalledtheTime-To-Live(TTL),whichisthenumberofhopsthatapacketcanmakegoingtoitsdestination.

Whodeterminesthestructureoftheinternet? Noone

Page 8: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

ConstructingaTraceroute

TTL=1

sourcecomputer

Page 9: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

ConstructingaTraceroute

TTL=1

TTL=2

sourcecomputer

Page 10: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

TaketheUnionofMultipleTraceroutes

Approximationofnetwork

Page 11: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

InternetasConnectedSubnets

Subnet =groupofIPaddresses

142.201.098.xxxisaclassCsubnet:allelementstypicallyownedbyoneorganization

142.201.xxx.yyyisaclassBsubnet

142.xxx.yyy.zzzisaclassAsubnet

TheinternetcanbedescribedasanetworkofclassCsubnets,sinceeachoftheseisusuallyownedbyasingleorganization.

EachnodeisaclassCsubnet.Eachedge isarouterconnectionbetweentwosubnets.

Thisisanexampleofcoarsegraining.

Page 12: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

InternetasConnectedDomains

Domain =groupofcomputersandrouterstypicallycontrolledbyoneorganization

fsu.edu isthedomainnameforFSU

Eachnode isadomain,eachedge isarouterconnectionbetweentwodomains

SincesomedomainscontainmorethanoneclassCsubnet,thisnetworkissmallerthanthepreviousone.Evenmoreextensivecoarsegrainingisused

Page 13: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

Over1MillionDomainRegistrationsPerYear

Domainnameregistry

Page 14: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

TransportationNetworksLondonsubwaymap

Nodes indicatesubwaystationsEdges subwaylines

Newmantext

Page 15: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

DeliveryNetworksGaspipelinesinWesternEurope

Nodesindicatestoragefacilities,refineries,etc.Edges indicatepipelines

Newmantext

Page 16: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

High-VoltagePowerGridsExample:Floridahigh-voltagepowergrid

Nodes:squaresarepowerstations,ovalsareswitchingstationsEdges:indicatepowerlines(thickerlinesmeanmorepowerlines)

PerRikvold group,FSU

Page 17: Department of Mathematics - Technological Networksbertram/lectures/Technological...Internet as Connected Subnets Subnet= group of IP addresses 142.201.098.xxx is a class C subnet:

TheEnd


Recommended
Find All Subnets, 1 Subnet Octet · Web viewAnswers: Exercise Set 5, Finding All Subnets, 1 Subnet Octet Answers: Exercise Set 5, Problem 30 – Answers and Process Octet 1 Octet

Find All Subnets, 1 Subnet Octet · Web viewAnswers: Exercise Set 5, Finding All Subnets, 1 Subnet Octet Answers: Exercise Set 5, Problem 30 – Answers and Process Octet 1 Octet

Documents

Introduction - University of Hawaiipanko.shidler.hawaii.edu/Courses/2007S431/N7C08 Text 431... · Web view... What type of router only connects different subnets? Network and Subnet

Introduction - University of Hawaiipanko.shidler.hawaii.edu/Courses/2007S431/N7C08 Text 431... · Web view... What type of router only connects different subnets? Network and Subnet

Documents

Networking in AWS•VPC Peering •AWS Transit Gateway •Subnets are named “Public Subnets” when connected to an Internet Gateway Route table VPC Private subnet Public subnet

Networking in AWS•VPC Peering •AWS Transit Gateway •Subnets are named “Public Subnets” when connected to an Internet Gateway Route table VPC Private subnet Public subnet

Documents

Subnet Level Internet Topology - CAIDA · Subnet‐Level Internet Topology ... Relation between Interface Distribution and Number of Subnets ... VP VP VP VP VP VP Alias Resolution

Subnet Level Internet Topology - CAIDA · Subnet‐Level Internet Topology ... Relation between Interface Distribution and Number of Subnets ... VP VP VP VP VP VP Alias Resolution

Documents

Objectives: Chapter 4: IP Addressing Internet Architecture IPv4 Addressing IP address Classes Subnets and subnet mask Subnets design with IP addressing.

Objectives: Chapter 4: IP Addressing Internet Architecture IPv4 Addressing IP address Classes Subnets and subnet mask Subnets design with IP addressing.

Documents

Virtual Network Subnet 1Subnet 2Subnet 3 VPN connection On-premises network Virtual Network Subnet Virtual Network Subnet ExpressRoute.

Virtual Network Subnet 1Subnet 2Subnet 3 VPN connection On-premises network Virtual Network Subnet Virtual Network Subnet ExpressRoute.

Documents

ABSTRACT Jeff Lockhart SUBNETTING.… · Custom Subnet Masks Problem 4 Number of needed subnets: 6 Number of needed usable IPs: 30 Network address: 195.85.8.0 Address Class Default

ABSTRACT Jeff Lockhart SUBNETTING.… · Custom Subnet Masks Problem 4 Number of needed subnets: 6 Number of needed usable IPs: 30 Network address: 195.85.8.0 Address Class Default

Documents

Neighbor Discovery. IPv6 Terminology Additional subnets Router Host Neighbors Host Intra-subnet router Switch LAN segment Link Subnet Network.

Neighbor Discovery. IPv6 Terminology Additional subnets Router Host Neighbors Host Intra-subnet router Switch LAN segment Link Subnet Network.

Documents

Subnet Masks Traffic Router Subnet 1Subnet 2.

Subnet Masks Traffic Router Subnet 1Subnet 2.

Documents

Find All Subnets, 1 Subnet Octet 2

Find All Subnets, 1 Subnet Octet 2

Documents

1 Local Internets Cabletron SmartSwitch 2100. 2 Local Internets ä Internet ä System of subnets such that any station on any subnet can communicate with.

1 Local Internets Cabletron SmartSwitch 2100. 2 Local Internets ä Internet ä System of subnets such that any station on any subnet can communicate with.

Documents

nil.com © 201 1 · © 2019 NIL, Security Tag: PROTECTED 18 SD-Access Fabric: Overlay Benefit Stretched Subnets allow an IP subnet to be “stretched” via the Overlay • Fabric

nil.com © 201 1 · © 2019 NIL, Security Tag: PROTECTED 18 SD-Access Fabric: Overlay Benefit Stretched Subnets allow an IP subnet to be “stretched” via the Overlay • Fabric

Documents

Subnets, VPC Routers, and Route Tables Part 1…Subnets SUBNETS, VPC ROUTERS, AND ROUTE TABLES A segment of a VPC that lives entirely within a single Availability Zone. Subnets cannot

Subnets, VPC Routers, and Route Tables Part 1…Subnets SUBNETS, VPC ROUTERS, AND ROUTE TABLES A segment of a VPC that lives entirely within a single Availability Zone. Subnets cannot

Documents

TK.CCNA.640-802 V218 AMPdeck - GRATIS EXAM many subnets can be gained by subnetting 172.17.32.0/23 into a /27 mask, and how many usable host addresses will there be per subnet? A.

TK.CCNA.640-802 V218 AMPdeck - GRATIS EXAM many subnets can be gained by subnetting 172.17.32.0/23 into a /27 mask, and how many usable host addresses will there be per subnet? A.

Documents

N:CiscoUploaded MaterialsIPv4 Addressing and Subnetting … · 2018-01-25 · How to determine the number of subnets and the number of hosts per subnet The formula that can provide

N:CiscoUploaded MaterialsIPv4 Addressing and Subnetting … · 2018-01-25 · How to determine the number of subnets and the number of hosts per subnet The formula that can provide

Documents

10 Routing Subnets

10 Routing Subnets

Documents

CCNA Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM). 2 What is VLSM? A Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) is a means of allocating IP addressing resources to subnets.

CCNA Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM). 2 What is VLSM? A Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) is a means of allocating IP addressing resources to subnets.

Documents

ScreenOS VPN With Overlapping Subnets

ScreenOS VPN With Overlapping Subnets

Documents