Depending on the Size of the S&R Program, Depending on the Size of the S&R Program, Additional Facilities May Be RequiredAdditional Facilities May Be Required

Groundwater Production Wells Imported Water Treatment Plant Capacity Wellhead Treatment

– Nitrate– Arsenic – Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and DBCP– Perchlorate

Conveyance facilities

Summary of Best Available Summary of Best Available Treatment TechnologiesTreatment Technologies

Nitrate – Ion exchange (IX)– Reverse osmosis (RO)

Arsenic– Coagulation-filtration– Adsorption

Volatile Organic Compounds– Packed tower aeration– Advanced oxidation processes– Granular activated carbon (GAC)

Perchlorate– Biological treatment, IX, GAC, and RO

Ion Exchange

Wells

NaCl IX Vessels

Regenerant to Disposal

Treated Water

pH AdjustmentChlorine

Reverse Osmosis

RawRawFinishedFinishedWaterWater

MembraneMembrane

Pretreatment

PermeatePermeate

BypassBypass

ConcentrateConcentrate(Brine)(Brine)(Reject)(Reject)

Granular Activated Carbon

Packed Tower Aeration

3-5

FIGURE NO.R

CHINO BASIN STORAGE & RECOVERY PROGRAMASSESSMENT OF TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

131421PROJECT AIR STRIPPING

PROCESS SCHEMATIC

HEATER

EXHAUSTPORT

MISTELIMINATOR

OFF-GASEXHAUST

LIQUIDDISTRIBUTOR

PACKINGACCESSLADDER

INFLUENT

AIR BLOWER

GAC

TOWERSHELL

TREATEDEFFLUENT

PACKINGSUPPORTPLATE

Advanced Oxidation Process

Oxygen Supply & Air Compressor

Ozone Generator

H2O2

Influent

Treated Effluent

Contactor

Treatment Technologies CostsTreatment Technologies CostsTreatment Technology Capital Cost

($/gal capacity)

O&M Cost

($/1,000 gal)

Ion Exchange (IX) 0.60 0.15-0.20Reverse Osmosis (RO) 1.00 0.70Electrodialysis Reversal (EDR)

1.00 0.60

Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)

0.50 0.60

Packed Tower Aeration (PTA)

0.25 0.10

Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOP)

0.60-0.90 0.50-0.90

Iron Coagulation & Filtration 1.30 N/AIron-Based Media Adsorption (IBM)

0.30 0.13