Desain Implementasi danAnalisis Elektronika Kontrol

Eka Maulana, ST, MT, MEng.

Universitas Brawijaya

Outline

• Sistem input

• Sistem Pengendali

• Sistem output

• Desain Hardware

• Desain Software

• Desain dan Analisis Sistem Kontrol

Design - Control

Advanced Design and Validation Techniques for Electronic Control Units - Society of Automotive Engineers

Deskripsi

Model Fungsional(model kontinyu)

Model Fungsional(model diskrit)

Simulasi

Verivikasi

Executable ModelUntuk Rapid Prototyping

ECU CodeOS ECU

Pertimbangan Pemilihan Sistem Pengendali

Diharapkan memiliki:

Akurasi yang lebih baik

Kepresisian yang meningkat

Pengaturan Parameter lebih mudah

Biaya maintenance lebih murah

Mudah diintegrasikan dengan sistem lain

Kemudahan tuning & sistem adaptive

Systems Development Cycle

IdentifyRequirements

FeasibilityAnalysis

DetermineSystem

Specifications

DevelopPrograms

DesignProcedures

System Analysis

Maintenance/System Auditing

Operations

Conversion/Implementation

Training

Sistem Kontrol Mekanik Analog

6

Sistem Kontrol Mekanik Digital

7

Sistem Kontrol Elektrik untuk Energi

8

Representasi Sistem Kontrol Analog Loop Tertutup

D(s) Plantr(t)

y(t)

y(t)u(t)

Kontroler Analog (Kontinyu)

+

-

9

Blok Diagram Sistem Kontrol Digital Loop Tertutup

Objek Kontroller

10

Representasi Sistem Kontrol Digital Loop Tertutup

11

Integrated Prototyping

Dekomposisi Fungsional

Proses Development

Interaksi Manufaktur

Pengendalian Switching Converster

Control and Feedback

Model - negative feedback control

Regulator system – small signal block diagram

Control Diagram of a Typical Control Loop

Controller

F1

T1

T

F

F2

T2

TC

Actuator

System

TT

Sensor

System

Components and Signals of a Typical Control Loop

T

F

F2

T2

Thermocouple

millivolt signal

Transmitter4-20 mADCS

Control

Computer

3-15 psig

4-20 mA

Operator

Console

Tsp

I/PAir

F1

T1

Thermowell

Actuator System

Controller Sensor System

D/A

A/D

PID Controllers

• PID control consists of a proportional plus derivative (PD) compensator cascaded with a proportional plus integral (PI) compensator.

• The purpose of the PD compensator is to improve the transient response while maintaining the stability.

• The purpose of the PI compensator is to improve the steady state accuracy of the system without degrading the stability.

• Since speed of response, accuracy, and stability are what is needed for satisfactory response, cascading PD and PI will suffice.

The Characteristics of P, I, and D ControllersNote that these correlations may not be exactly accurate, because Kp, Ki, and Kd are dependent

of each other. In fact, changing one of these variables can change the effect of the other two. For this reason, the table should only be used as a reference when you are determining the values for

Ki, Kp and Kd.

Response Rise Time Overshoot Settling

Time

SS Error

KP Decrease Increase

Small

Change Decrease

KI Decrease Increase Increase Eliminate

KD

Small

Change Decrease Decrease

Small

Change

Metode Tuning PID

• Manual Tuning (Trial and Error)

• Ziegler-Nichols Method

• Cohen-Coon Method

• Tyreus-Luyben Method (Closed-loop P-Control test)

• Autotune Method (Closed-loop On-Off test)

• Ciancone and Marline Method

• Internal Model Control (IMC)

• Fertick Method