DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION

Streaming mediaStreaming media

•is media that is is media that is consumedconsumed

(read, heard, viewed)(read, heard, viewed)

while it is being delivered. while it is being delivered.

The distinction is usually The distinction is usually applied to media that are applied to media that are distributed over computer distributed over computer

networks; networks; most other delivery systems most other delivery systems

are either inherently are either inherently streaming (radio, television) streaming (radio, television) or inherently non-streaming or inherently non-streaming

(books, video cassettes, (books, video cassettes, audio CDs). audio CDs).

The word "stream“The word "stream“is also used as a verb, is also used as a verb,

meaning to deliver meaning to deliver streaming media.streaming media.

Who can benefit from Who can benefit from Streaming Media?Streaming Media?

Everyone can benefit Everyone can benefit from Streaming from Streaming

MediaMedia

At Streaming Media At Streaming Media Hosting, our motto is Hosting, our motto is "If it can be captured, "If it can be captured, it can be streamed"it can be streamed"

One of the most common One of the most common ways to distribute internet ways to distribute internet

radio is via streaming radio is via streaming technology using technology using

a lossy audio codeca lossy audio codec

Popular ones are:Popular ones are:

•The MP3 codecThe MP3 codec•Ogg VorbisOgg Vorbis•Windows Media AudioWindows Media Audio•RealAudioRealAudio•HE-AACHE-AAC (sometimes called aacPlus)(sometimes called aacPlus)

The bits are "streamed" The bits are "streamed" over a TCP/IP over a TCP/IP

connection, then connection, then reassembled and played reassembled and played within about 2 seconds.within about 2 seconds.

Therefore, streaming Therefore, streaming radio has about radio has about a two-second lag a two-second lag

time. time.

There are three major There are three major components to an audio components to an audio streamstream

•     Audio stream source Audio stream source

•     Audio stream repeater (server) Audio stream repeater (server) ex*Abacast ex*Abacast

•     Audio stream playback Audio stream playback

There areThere are many methods many methods

for creating for creating the audio stream the audio stream

sourcesource

First one is;First one is;

•The Opt for the SHOUTcast The Opt for the SHOUTcast service, which utilizes service, which utilizes

Winamp and the SHOUTcast Winamp and the SHOUTcast DSP plugin to deliver MP3 DSP plugin to deliver MP3

audio audio at higher bitratesat higher bitrates

Other methods Other methods

• Open source technologies such as Open source technologies such as Streamcast, stream-db, IceS, and Streamcast, stream-db, IceS, and MuSE, and patent-free data formats MuSE, and patent-free data formats such as Ogg Vorbis. such as Ogg Vorbis.

• Using open source stream source Using open source stream source tools allows for interesting web tools allows for interesting web interface possibilities like interface possibilities like phpStreamcast. phpStreamcast.

Two of the most popular Two of the most popular internet radio networks are:internet radio networks are:

•Live365 Live365

•SHOUTcastSHOUTcast

Open source alternatives Open source alternatives include Ogg Vorbis include Ogg Vorbis streamings like;streamings like;

•Icecast Icecast

•Xiph.org, Xiph.org,

These internet radio These internet radio servers list thousands of servers list thousands of

Internet radio stations Internet radio stations covering covering

an ever-expanding an ever-expanding variety of genresvariety of genres

The purposeThe purpose of the server is of the server is

to repeat the stream to repeat the stream source to the audio source to the audio playback softwareplayback software

Another popular method of Another popular method of listening to internet radio is:listening to internet radio is:

•Using a virtual tuner, Using a virtual tuner,

which is basically a site that which is basically a site that aggregrates links of aggregrates links of

internet radio broadcasts internet radio broadcasts

from around the World from around the World

The virtual tuner The virtual tuner

• Enables the listener to easily find internet Enables the listener to easily find internet broadcasts by genre, language, or broadcasts by genre, language, or location. location.

• To establish a peer to peer connection To establish a peer to peer connection with the internet radio broadcaster's web with the internet radio broadcaster's web server. server.

• avoids re-broadcasting the internet avoids re-broadcasting the internet broadcast, thus avoiding the infringement broadcast, thus avoiding the infringement of the broadcaster's copyrigh of the broadcaster's copyrigh

ON THE COMMERCIAL ON THE COMMERCIAL SIDE:SIDE:

It established itself It established itself as a market leader as a market leader

with the most reliable set of links with the most reliable set of links to the broadcast urls to the broadcast urls and that has created and that has created

the largest aggregation of the largest aggregation of broadcasts with over 7,800 broadcasts with over 7,800

worldwide is Vtuner. worldwide is Vtuner.

Some sort of audio Some sort of audio playback software or playback software or

hardware, that is capable hardware, that is capable of reading HTTP data of reading HTTP data streams, is needed to streams, is needed to

listen to streaming MP3 listen to streaming MP3 audioaudio. .

ANDAND

Some popular software players Some popular software players areare

•Winamp for WindowsWinamp for Windows

• iTunes for Macintosh iTunes for Macintosh

• Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Windows,

and XMMS on Unix/Linux. and XMMS on Unix/Linux.

ON THE COMMERCIAL ON THE COMMERCIAL SIDE:SIDE:

Listening to internet radio Listening to internet radio through hardware devices through hardware devices has not been very popular has not been very popular

in the past, due to the in the past, due to the limited number of devices limited number of devices

on the marketon the market

BUTBUT

•The availability of The availability of such devices and their such devices and their

consumer polularityconsumer polularity is expected to increase is expected to increase

significantly significantly during 2006 during 2006

• A list of commercially available A list of commercially available devices is available at Internet radio devices is available at Internet radio

device, device,

But But Many of these are limited in which Many of these are limited in which

audio codecs they can use and audio codecs they can use and consequently the variety of internet consequently the variety of internet radio stations they are compatible radio stations they are compatible

with. with.

AS A AS A DISADVANTAGEDISADVANTAGE

Stations that Stations that encode their encode their

streams at a lower streams at a lower bitrate have lower bitrate have lower

audio qualityaudio quality, ,

BUTBUT

AND AND

AS AN AS AN ADVANTAGEADVANTAGE

They are more accessible to They are more accessible to listeners with a dialup listeners with a dialup

connection, and they can connection, and they can serve more simultaneous serve more simultaneous

users on a given upstream users on a given upstream pipe pipe

There are also a small There are also a small number of web radio number of web radio

programs that allow users programs that allow users to rate the songs they are to rate the songs they are

listening to.listening to.

The programs are:The programs are:

•iRATE iRATE radioradio

• Last.fmLast.fm

• Radio ParadiseRadio Paradise. .

THANKS FOR YOUR THANKS FOR YOUR PARTICIPATION ON MY PARTICIPATION ON MY

PARTPART

HISTORYHISTORY

•Display media date back to mid 20th century Display media date back to mid 20th century •High CostHigh Cost

•Limited CapacityLimited Capacity•Experiments in 1970sExperiments in 1970s

•1980s computer became public to display various 1980s computer became public to display various mediamedia

•Enoug CPU power, postponed with low latency Enoug CPU power, postponed with low latency interruptinterrupt

STREAMING BANDWISTREAMING BANDWIDDTH& TH& STORAGESTORAGE

• megabytes, gigabytes, terabytesmegabytes, gigabytes, terabytes • storage size (in megabytes) = length (in seconds) · bit rate storage size (in megabytes) = length (in seconds) · bit rate

(in kbit/s) / 8,388.608 (in kbit/s) / 8,388.608 • (since 1 megabyte = 8 * 1,048,576 bits = 8,388.608 (since 1 megabyte = 8 * 1,048,576 bits = 8,388.608

kilobits)kilobits)• As a Real World Example:As a Real World Example:• One hour of video encoded at 300 kbit/s (this is a typical One hour of video encoded at 300 kbit/s (this is a typical

broadband video for 2005 and it's usually encoded in a broadband video for 2005 and it's usually encoded in a 320×240 pixels window size) will be:320×240 pixels window size) will be:

• (3,600 s · 300 kbit/s) / 8,388.608 = 128.7 MB of storage(3,600 s · 300 kbit/s) / 8,388.608 = 128.7 MB of storage • if on-demand streamingif on-demand streaming server and server and by 1,000 by 1,000

peoplepeople::• 300 kbit/s · 1,000 = 300,000 kbit/s = 300 Mbit/s 300 kbit/s · 1,000 = 300,000 kbit/s = 300 Mbit/s

of bandwidthof bandwidth

PROTOCOLPROTOCOL ISSUES ISSUES

1. A1. A network protocol to support streaming media network protocol to support streaming media

• Datagram protocolsDatagram protocols

• error correction techniqueserror correction techniques

• DropoutDropout

2. 2. The Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSPThe Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP))

3. 3. Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP)Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP)

4. 4. Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP) Real-time Transport Control Protocol (RTCP)

5. 5. Peer-to-peer (P2P) protocols arrange for media Peer-to-peer (P2P) protocols arrange for media

COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF RADIO STREAMINGRADIO STREAMING

• Our goal is to serve a qualified streaming Our goal is to serve a qualified streaming at low cost.at low cost.

• eliminate those hardware costs eliminate those hardware costs →increase our potential benefit →increase our potential benefit →customers get higher satisfaction→customers get higher satisfaction

COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF RADIO STREAMINGRADIO STREAMING• Radio Koc, Cetin TuncaRadio Koc, Cetin Tunca

– Limited number of clients (20-25)Limited number of clients (20-25)– Quality of the streaming not so highQuality of the streaming not so high

• only two serversonly two servers

– depends on the hardware componentsdepends on the hardware components

• Radio Automation PackagesRadio Automation Packages – DRS2006DRS2006 http:www.drs2006.comhttp:www.drs2006.com

• qualified streaming system at low costqualified streaming system at low cost

• changing prices according to the bandwith and changing prices according to the bandwith and storage capacitystorage capacity

TESTING ISSUESTESTING ISSUES

• Widespread deployment of streaming Widespread deployment of streaming media (media (Testing service deployment)Testing service deployment)

• Test domains; Test domains; – ScalabilityScalability– Quality of ServiceQuality of Service– Quality of experienceQuality of experience– Protocol conformanceProtocol conformance

SOCIAL & LEGAL ISSUESSOCIAL & LEGAL ISSUES

• Recording streams, a significant issue in Recording streams, a significant issue in the application of law to cyberspace.the application of law to cyberspace.

• no way to prevent no way to prevent • make it inconvenient make it inconvenient

– using unpublished data formatsusing unpublished data formats– encrypting the stream encrypting the stream

• make it illegalmake it illegal– CopyrightsCopyrights– PatentsPatents– license agreements license agreements

DESTREAMINGDESTREAMING

• the process of recording streaming the process of recording streaming media onto a computermedia onto a computer

• A way of saving multimedia A way of saving multimedia streamsstreams

• Stream content providers' Stream content providers' proprietary software is often poorly proprietary software is often poorly coded, and, even worse, can coded, and, even worse, can contain spyware. contain spyware.

THANKS FOR YOUR THANKS FOR YOUR PARTICIPATIONPARTICIPATION

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