Descubrimiento, entrega de información y gestión:

Tendencias Actuales de las Nuevas Tecnologías de las Bibliotecas

27 August 2014 InnovaTics

Marshall BreedingIndependent Consultant, Author, Founder and Publisher, Library Technology Guideshttp://librarytechnology.org/http://twitter.com/mbreeding

Abstract

Explore the realm of index-based discovery services oriented more to academic libraries, including Ex Libris Primo, ProQuest Summon, EBSCO Discovery Service, and OCLC WorldCat Discovery Service.

An update on the Open Discovery Initiative and the recent movement toward more participation by content providers.

Discuss technologies better suited for public libraries that have more concerns for customer engagement, access to print and electronic books, with less stringent requirements for article-level discovery of scholarly resources.

The role of open source discovery interfaces such as VuFind and Blacklight.

The status of the new generation of library services platforms. The presentation will provide highlights of global library

automation industry, with a focus on the players and trends in Latin America

Based on “Library Systems Report 2014”

Una perspectiva internacional La forma en la que las bibliotecas desarrollan e

implementan sus estrategias tecnológicas dependerá de su situación económica y del acceso a los recursos relacionados, incluyendo la red y la infraestructura informática, Internet de banda ancha, y el nivel de interés y la capacidad de sus usuarios para aprovechar los servicios informáticos y basadas en Web, así como otros factores. (InnovaTICs 2011)

How libraries develop and implement their technology strategies must be informed by their economic situation and their access to related resources, including network and computing infrastructure, Internet bandwidth, and the level of interest and ability for their users to take advantage of computer and Web-based services and many other factors.

Global perspective

Libraries all over the world share much in common in the services they provide to their communities

Values to provide high-quality content resources

Each global region has its own unique character

Available resources vary Technology must be sensitive to those

differences

Library Technology Guides

librarytechnology.org

Recursos en “Library Technology Guides”

Noticias de actualidad sobre la biblioteca orientada a tecnologías, productos, y las organizaciones

“GuidePosts” Blog de Marshall “libraries.org”: directorio internacional de bibliotecas y

de las tecnologías que utilizan El texto completo de muchos artículos relacionados con

la tecnología de la biblioteca Incluyendo artículos de Marshall, informes y presentaciones

Directorio de organizaciones que ofrecen productos para la automatización de la biblioteca

Servicios de notificación: Web, e-mail, RSS, Twitter

Chile

Mergers and Acquisitionshttp://librarytechnology.org/mergers

Library Technology Industry Reports

2014: Strategic Competition and Cooperation

2013: Rush to Innovate 2012: Agents of Change 2011: New Frontier 2010: New Models, Core

Systems 2009: Investing in the Future 2008: Opportunity out of

turmoil 2007: An industry redefined 2006: Reshuffling the deck 2005: Gradual evolution 2004: Migration down,

innovation up 2003: The competition heats up 2002: Capturing the migrating

customer

American Libraries Library Journal

Library Systems Report 2014

Library Systems Report 2014 Spanish

http://www.thinkepi.net

Library Systems Report 2014 Arabic

Library Systems Report Tables

http://www.americanlibrariesmagazine.org

Broad Industry Trends

Continued Consolidation International companies increasingly

dominate in a growing set of international regions

Discovery services now routine infrastructure in academic libraries

New Generation systems becoming better established

New and existing systems shifting to hosted or SaaS deployment

Subscription-based technology infrastructure

Latin American Industry Trends International companies target well-

funded libraries As libraries develop, many move to

systems from international providers Many operate through regional

distributors Local systems and open source

dominate smaller and less well funded libraries

Cloud technologies often less well suited Bandwidth, annual subscription costs

The Evolution of Library Resource Discovery

Challenge: More integrated approach to information and service delivery

Library Web sites offer a menu of unconnected silos: Books: Library OPAC (ILS online catalog module) Search the Web site Articles: Aggregated content products, e-journal collections OpenURL linking services E-journal finding aids (Often managed by link resolver) Subject guides (e.g. Springshare LibGuides) Local digital collections

ETDs, photos, rich media collections Metasearch engines Discovery Services – often just another choice among

many All searched separately

Online Catalog

Books, Journals, and Media at the Title Level

Not in scope: Articles Book Chapters Digital objects Web site content Etc.

Scope of SearchSearch:

Search Results

ILS Data

Discovery from Local to Web-scale Initial products focused on technology

Mostly locally-installed software Current phase is focused on pre-

populated indexes that aim to deliver Web-scale discovery

Web-scale Index-based Discovery

Search:

Digital Collections

Web Site Content

Institutional

Repositories

…E-Journals

Reference Sources

Search Results

Pre-built harvesting and indexing

Consolidated Index

ILS Data

Aggregated Content packages

(2009- present)

Usage-generate

dData

Customer

Profile

Open Access

Profile of Library Subscriptions

Open source in Discovery

Flexible and powerful open source interfaces: VuFind (php-based) Blacklight (Ruby on Rails)

No open access discovery index Hybrid model:

Open source interface + Commercial Index

Bento Box Discovery Model

Search:

Digital Collections

Web Site Content

Institutional

Repositories

E-JournalsSearch Results

Pre-built harvesting and indexing

Consolidated Index

ILS Data

Aggregated Content packages

Open AccessVuFind /

Blacklight

Biblioteca Nacional de Universidad de Chile

Challenge for Relevancy

Technically feasible to index hundreds of millions or billions of records through Lucene or SOLR

Difficult to order records in ways that make sense

Many fairly equivalent candidates returned for any given query

Must rely on use-based and social factors to improve relevancy rankings

Socially-powered discovery

Leverage use data to increase effectiveness of discovery

Usage data can identify important or popular materials to inform relevancy engines

Identify related materials that may not otherwise be uncovered through keyword matching

Be careful to avoid introducing bias loops

Evaluating Index-based Discovery Services

Intense competition: how well the index covers the body of scholarly content stands as a key differentiator

Difficult to evaluate based on numbers of items indexed alone.

Important to ascertain now your library’s content packages are represented by the discovery service.

Important to know what items are indexed by citation and which are full text

Important to know whether the discovery service favors the content of any given publisher

Library Perspective

Strategic investments in collection materials: print, digital, and electronic

Strategic investments in Discovery Solutions to provide access to their collections

Expect comprehensive representation of resources in discovery indexes

Need to be able to evaluate the coverage and performance of competing discovery models

Update on the NISOOpen Discovery Initiative

Facilitate a healthy ecosystem among

discovery service providers, libraries and content

providers

ODI context

Balance of Constituents

Libraries

Publishers

Service Providers

30

Marshall Breeding, Vanderbilt UniversityJamene Brooks-Kieffer, Kansas State University Laura Morse, Harvard UniversityKen Varnum, University of Michigan

Sara Brownmiller, University of Oregon

Lucy Harrison, College Center for Library Automation (D2D liaison/observer)Michele Newberry

Lettie Conrad, SAGE PublicationsRoger Schonfeld, ITHAKA/JSTOR/PorticoJeff Lang, Thomson Reuters

Linda Beebe, American Psychological AssocAaron Wood, Alexander Street Press

Jenny Walker, Ex Libris GroupJohn Law, Serials SolutionsMichael Gorrell, EBSCO Information ServicesDavid Lindahl, University of Rochester (XC)

Jeff Penka, OCLC (D2D liaison/observer)

ODI deliverables

Standard vocabulary NISO Recommended Practice:

Data format & transfer Communicating content rights Levels of indexing, content availability Linking to content Usage statistics Evaluate compliance

Inform and Promote Adoption

31

ODI Timeline

MilestoneTarget Date

Status

Appointment of working group Dec 2011

Approval of charge and initial work plan Mar 2012

Completion of information gathering Jan 2013

Completion of initial draft Jun 2013

Completion of final draft Sep 2013

Public Review Period commences Sep 2013

NISO Publishes Recommended Practice June 2014

32

E-Books in Libraries

Academic Libraries focus on chapter-level access for reference and research

Public Libraries aim to provide full lending and reading experience

Critical for libraries to master e-books as they gain more prominent place in general society

Challenges for library automation Provide the same types of management control

for e-books as other collection component Acquisitions: select and acquire materials from

multiple providers Cataloging: High-quality descriptive metadata

Electronic copies appropriately aligned with those in print or other media

Circulation: Integrated with other media. Option to lend e-reader devices

Discovery Integrated with all other formats Unified environment for content delivery

E-Book Integration Model

Search:

Digital Collections

Web Site Content

Local E-book

Repository

Search ResultsIndex

ILS Data

Aggregated Content packages

Library Catalog

External E-Book Lending

Service

AuthenticationCheckout - Download

Discovery

Trends in Management of Library Resources

Dynamic Library Environment Requires technologies responsive to the

changes in play Adapt to publishing models and new

formats that reshape library collections Generational Change in Technology Changes in metadata practices and

standards

Bibliotecas en la Transición

Cambio de lo impreso > electrónico Transición casi completa de revistas electrónicas Transición de libros impresos a libros electrónicos (e-

Books) Las bibliotecas académicas están viendo la

disminución de la circulación impresa Las bibliotecas públicas están viendo un

aumento en la circulación impresa Necesitan mejores herramientas para que

sus usuarios puedan acceder a colecciones complejas de materiales  en diferentes formatos: impresos, electrónicos y digitales

Usuarios de la biblioteca en la Transición

La nueva generación de usuarios de la biblioteca Autosuficiente - reacios a pedir ayuda Estilos de trabajo colaborativos Digital nativos – “digital natives” Se perciben a sí mismos como competentes

para utilizar las herramientas de información sin la ayuda de los bibliotecarios o maestros Pero no son necesariamente competentes en la

búsqueda de información.

Los Cambios en la gestión de los metadatos

De priorizar la creación del registro, se pasa a la gestión a nivel de colección

Metadatos muy compartidos: enfoque de base de conocimientos (broadly shared metadata, knowledge bases)

Gran interés en el avance hacia la web semántica y abrir los datos vinculados (open linked data) AACR2 > RDA; MARC > RDF > BIBFRAME

RDA

Resource Description and Access http://www.loc.gov/aba/rda/

Major change relative to resources devoted to transition

Minor impact relative to operational and strategic use of metadata

BIBFRAME

Emerged from the Initiative for Bibliographic Transformation of the Library of Congress http://www.loc.gov/bibframe/ bibframe.org

Replacement for MARC (Machine Readable Cataloging), but broader in scope

Encoded using RDF (Resource Description Framework)

Major departure from MARC Today more conceptual than operational

Transformación de las tecnologías

Arquitectura orientada a servicios Énfasis en las Interfaces de programación de

aplicaciones Integración de las aplicaciones sociales

en infraestructura básica Computación local a cambio de plataformas en

la nube Nuevas expectativas para múltiples usuarios de

software-as-a-service Soporte para todos los tipos de dispositivos

de tamaño completo computadoras / tablet / móvil

Tecnologías de la Computación en Nube (Cloud Computing)

Las principales tendencias en Tecnología de la Información

Esencialmente la externalización del alojamiento y gestión del servidor

Productos de automatización de la mayoría de las nuevas versiones con un cierto sabor de computación en la nube

Depende del ancho de banda de Internet, que sea rápida y fiable (fast and reliable)

Biblioteca de automatización en la nube

Casi todos los proveedores de automatización de bibliotecas ofrecen algún tipo de servicios basados en la nube

La responsabilidad de la administración de servidores se mueve de la biblioteca a los Proveedores

Basado en suscripción el nuevo modelo de negocio: El pago integral de suscripción anual

Reduce la necesidad de apoyar la tecnología local

Cambios en el escenario de automatización de bibliotecas

SIGB (Sistema Integrado de Gestión de Biblioteca) sigue siendo el corazón de la infraestructura

Interés estratégico en tecnologías de descubrimiento

fuerte necesidad de herramientas para gestionar los recursos electrónicos

Tendencia hacia la gestión de recursos unificado

Las tendencias en modelos de implementación de automatización

Mayor interés en proyectos de cooperación para reducir los costos de automatización y para aumentar el impacto de las colecciones

Iniciativas regionales, estatales, nacionales y de infraestructura de automatización

Ejemplos reciente incluyen Dinamarca, Irlanda, Orbis-Cascade Alliance

Los SIGB independientes siguen donde la cooperación a gran escala no es posible

SIGB de código abierto: Escenario Internacional

Fuerte interés en EE.UU., Canadá Principalmente a través de servicios de

soporte comercial pagados Muy poco o ningún interés en Asia El interés sigue creciendo lentamente en

Europa Cada vez mayor interés en el software

de código abierto en América Latina

Koha

Originally developed in 1999 for small group of libraries in New Zealand, Horowhenua Library Trust by Katipo Communications, production use by January 2000

Gained widespread use in the United States around 2004-05 and has seen steady growth in use

Wide international adoption Used in many thousands of libraries. 2,682

represented in libraries.org, with many large groups not yet registered.

Dominant open source SIGB in Latin America

Koha Worldwide

National Projects to deploy Koha

Philippines: A systematic effort to install Koha in the public libraries sponsored by the state libraries

Turkey: 1,200+ public libraries Spain: Koha-Kobli http://kobli.bage.es/ Argentina. CONABIP (Comisión Nacional

de Bibliotecas Populares) Customized version of Koha: DigiBepe http://www.conabip.gob.ar/faq/digibepe

Evergreen

SIGB de código abierto desarrollado por el Sistema de Bibliotecas Públicas de Georgia en los Estados Unidos

Apoyado y desarrollado por una empresa llamada Equinox

Software originalmente diseñado para grandes consorcios compose de pequeñas bibliotecas

Se utiliza principalmente en los Estados Unidos y Canadá.

No implementaciones en de América Latina Ver: http://www.open-ils.org/

Kuali OLE

ILS being developed for and by large academic and research libraries in an open source, community based model

Funded in part by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, managed through the Kuali Foundation

4-year project to build the software recently concluded

Placed in production in August 2014 in University of Chicago and Lehigh University

Recent announcement that Kuali will move to for-profit business model (August 25, 2014)

Nuevas direcciones en el desarrollo de Automatización de Bibliotecas

Premisa fundamental: Impreso + Electrónico + Digital

Lo impreso domina en los SIGB tradicionales y eso no se adecua al modelo de la realidad actual de la biblioteca y al futuro

Las bibliotecas actualmente cuentan con un ILS núcleo, rodeado por módulos adicionales para manejar los contenidos electrónicos

Nuevas interfaces de descubrimiento que sustituyen o complementan el módulo de catálogo en línea del SIGB

Tecnologías en la nube ofrecen un potencial para nuevos niveles de eficiencia y cooperación

Unificado de Gestión de Recursos Ya no es sensible el uso de diferentes

plataformas de software para la gestión de los diferentes tipos de materiales de la biblioteca

 SIGB + ERM + OpenURL Resolver + la gestión de activos digitales, etc, es un muy ineficiente modelo

Es mejor tener una plataforma flexible capaz de gestionar múltiples tipos de materiales de la biblioteca, múltiples formatos de metadatos, con flujos de trabajo adecuado

Sistemas Abiertos

La apertura se ha incrementado como principal clave en las estrategias de tecnología de la biblioteca

Las bibliotecas necesitan llegar más lejos con sus datos

Capacidad para mejorar la experiencia del cliente y la eficiencia operativa

La demanda de interoperabilidad De código abierto - el pleno acceso al

programa interno de la aplicación abierto API - exponer interfaces de

programación a los datos y la funcionalidad

Library Services Platform

Library-specific software. Designed to help libraries automate their internal operations, manage collections, fulfillment requests, and deliver services

Services Service oriented architecture Exposes Web services and other API’s Facilitates the services libraries offer to their users

Platform General infrastructure for library automation Consistent with the concept of Platform as a Service Library programmers address the APIs of the platform to

extend functionality, create connections with other systems, dynamically interact with data

Library Services Platform Characteristics

Highly Shared data models Knowledgebase architecture Some may take hybrid approach to accommodate local

data stores Delivered through software as a service

Multi-tenant Unified workflows across formats and media Flexible metadata management

MARC – Dublin Core – VRA – MODS – ONIX Bibframe New structures not yet invented

Open APIs for extensibility and interoperability

Library Services Platforms

Category WorldShare Management Services

Alma Intota Sierra Services Platform

Kuali OLE

Responsible Organization

OCLC. Ex Libris Serials Solutions

Innovative Interfaces, Inc

Kuali Foundation

Key precepts Global network-level approach to management and discovery based on central data: stores WorldCat + holdings + Items

Consolidate workflows, unified management: print, electronic, digital; Hybrid data model

Knowledgebase driven. Pure multi-tenant SaaS

Service-oriented architectureTechnology uplift for Millennium ILS. More open source components, consolidated modules and workflows

Manage library resources in a format agnostic approach. Integration into the broader academic enterprise infrastructure

Software model

Proprietary Proprietary

Proprietary Proprietary Open Source

Development Schedule

WorldShare Management Services

Alma Intota Sierra Services Platform

Kuali OLE

General Release in July 2011~200 now in productionFirst ARL member in production in June 2014

329 libraries have signed for Alma. Over 200 in production

Libraries in production by 2015

336 contracts completed, many libraries in production (~250?)

Version 1.0 released Dec 2013Version 2.0 underwaySummer 2014 implementations atUniversity of Chicago and Lehigh University

Con

solid

ate

d in

dex

Search Engine

Unified Presentation LayerSearch:

Digital Coll

ProQuest

EBSCO…

JSTOR

Other Resour

ces

Library technical infrastructure

`

API Layer

Library Services Platform

LearningManageme

nt

LearningManageme

nt

Enterprise ResourcePlanning

Enterprise ResourcePlanning

StockManageme

nt

StockManageme

nt

Self-Check /

Automated Return

Self-Check /

Automated Return

Authentication

Service

Authentication

Service

Smart Cad /

Payment systems

Smart Cad /

Payment systems

Discovery

Service

Library Web Presence

Integrated Library System

Library Web site

SubjectGuides

Article, Databases,E-Book collections

Public Interfaces:

Presentation Layer

Convergence

Discovery and Management solutions will increasingly be implemented as matched sets Ex Libris: Primo / Alma Serials Solutions: Summon / Intota OCLC: WorldCat Local / WorldShare Platform Except: Kuali OLE, EBSCO Discovery Service

Both depend on an ecosystem of interrelated knowledge bases

API’s exposed to mix and match, but efficiencies and synergies are lost

Progressive consolidation of library services

Centralization of technical infrastructure of multiple libraries within a campus

Resource sharing support Direct borrowing among partner institutions

Shared infrastructure between institutions Examples: 2CUL (Columbia University /

Cornell University) Orbis Cascade Alliance (37 independent

colleges and universities to merge into shared LSP)

Challenges and opportunities for Latin America Selective adoption of global trends Some opportunities to acquire services

from global providers Spirit of technical proficiency and

innovation Exercise APIs of commercial systems Adopt open source solutions and

participate in their development communities

Create technical infrastructure to support unique character of libraries in Chile and Latin America

Gracias!