Design and Building Ontology Using Protege

Umi Laili Yuhana

December, 24 2007

Context Aware Group - Intelligent Agent LaboratoryComputer Science and Information Engineering

National Taiwan University (NTU)

Last Week – 12/17/2007Idea of OntologySemantic Web VisionFrom Today’s Web to The Semantic WebThe advantage of OntologyOntology in a glance

Tonight -- 12/24/2007Review (last week)Create and Build Ontology

○ Step by Step○ Using Protégé

Outline

Explicit and formal specification of a conceptualization

Consist of finite list of terms and the relationships between these terms

Consist of concepts (also known as classes), relations (properties), instances and axioms -- (CRIA)

Ontology Definition

Review (Last Week)

Step by Step Build Ontology


Location Ontology Modeling Based on CSIE Building


Study Case:

Domain : Indoor Location

1st floor map

Determine Scope


Determine Scope What is the domain that the ontology will

cover ? Location ontology for indoor location (CSIE building)

For what we are going to use the ontology ?○ Get knowledge about CSIE building location○ Find place / room in CSIE building

For what types question should the ontology provide answer ?○ Where is Professor Jane’s Room ?○ What is Professor Jane’s Lab ?

Who will use and maintain the ontology ?○ Anyone who want to find the location in CSIE

building

Determine Scope


Consider Reuse

We can reuse ontology in the same domain knowledge if it exists

If no ontology exists, create new one

Consider Reuse


Create New Ontology In Protege Open Protégé Create New OWL/RDF Project Given “location.owl” as name

Protégé

Using Protégé

Enumerate Terms

Identify relevant terms Write down in an unstructured list all the

relevant terms Noun -> basis for class names Verbs -> basis for property names

has room numberowned byetc

Enumerate Terms


Description about CSIE Building

Has 1 basement and 5 floors

Each floor has many rooms, passage, stairs and elevators

There are several types of rooms:1.Laboratory. These rooms are provided for students to explore and practice their knowledge, do research, assignment from teacher or supervisor, or the project. Each laboratory has name, room number, door way, spread on 5 floors, and supervised by teacher as supervisor. 2.Seminar room. Seminar rooms are provided for students and teacher to discuss their field, project, or discuss the paper. 3.Classroom. Classrooms are provided to support academic activity such teaching process. 4.Rest room. Each floor has rest room as service room for people.5.Staff’s office. Staff’s office is office for teacher or CSIE staff.

Enumerate Terms


Description about CSIE Building

2 types of passages: corridor and door way. Corridor connect one room with another room or another placedoor way is way out from room.

Stairs and Elevators connected one floor with another.There are 3 stairs in CSIE building,

○ 2 stairs in east side (stair in south east building and stair in north east building)

○ one stair in west side. There are 2 elevators in east side,

○ elevator in south east building ○ elevator in north east building

Enumerate Terms


Terms in CSIE Building Ontology

Room Corridor Classroom Door way Floor Passage Stair Elevator Laboratory Restroom Office Seminar room Kitchen Place indoor connect with

room name room’s number passage at floor room at floor floor consist of room room has door stair at floor elevator at floor floor number laboratory’s name has room number lab supervised by office owned by

Enumerate Terms

Noun

Verb

Noun -> basis for class namesVerbs -> basis for property names Step by Step Build Ontology

Define Taxonomy

Organize relevance terms in taxonomic (subclass) hierarchy

Noun as class : Room, Corridor, Classroom, Door way,

Floor, Passage , Stair, Elevator, Laboratory, Restroom , Office, Seminar room, Kitchen, Place indoor

Define Taxonomy


Define Class

Room Corridor Classroom Door way Floor Passage Stair Elevator Laboratory Restroom Office Seminar room Kitchen Place indoor

Room Corridor Classroom Door way Floor Passage Stair Elevator Laboratory Restroom Office Seminar room Kitchen Place indoor

Room Classroom Laboratory Restroom Office Seminar room Kitchen

Passage Corridor Door way

Stair Elevator

Floor

Place indoor

(Class: provide an abstraction mechanism for grouping resources with similar characteristics)

Define Taxonomy


Class HierarchyOrganize class in taxonomic (subclass) hierarchy

Define Taxonomy


Create Class and Class Hierarchy Choose “OWLClasses” Tab Create New Class and subclass based

on previous analysis First letter in class name is capital case

Protégé

Using Protégé

Property = Slot Represent relationships between two

individual Link individual from the domain and

individual from the range There are 3 type of property:

Object PropertyData Type PropertyAnnotation Property

Define Properties

Room Floorat_floor

Domain

Range


Object Property (domain: class, range:

class)

Link an individual to an individual Types of object property

Inverse property○ e.g. : has_parent inverse of has_child, roomAtFloor

inverse of consistOfRoomFunctional property

○ e.g. : has_birth_motherTransitive property

○ e, g. : has_anchestor, under_ofSymmetric property

○ e. g. : has_sibling, connect with

Define Properties


Define Object Property connectWith room name passage at floor room at floor room’s number stair at floor floor number elevator at floor floor consist of room laboratory’s name room has door has room number lab supervised by office owned by

Place_indoorconnectWith Place_indoor

PassagepassageAtFloor Floor

RoomroomAtFloor Floor

Floor consistOfRoom Room

StairstairAtFloor Floor

ElevatorelevatorAtFloor Floor

RoomhasDoor DoorWay

domain: class range: class

Define Properties


Object Property

Inverse Property

No. Property’s Name Domain Range

1. passage_at_floor Passage (corridor & doorway)

Floor

2. room_at_floor Room Floor 3. consist_of_room Floor Room4. room_has_door Room Door5. stair_at_floor Stair Floor6. elevator_at_floor Elevator Floor7. under_of Floor Floor8. above_of Floor Floor9. Connect_with Place_indoor Place_indoor

Inverse Property,Transitive property

Symetric Property

Define Properties


Create Object Property Choose “Properties” Tab In Property Browser choose “Object”

Tab First letter in property name is lower

case Create New Property, given name and

choose domain and range for each property

Set property type

Protégé

Using Protégé

Data Type Property (domain: class, range: data type)

Link an individual to an XML schema data type value or an rdf literal

e. g. :

Room String

roomName

Define Properties


Define Data Type Property Data Type Properties (domain: class, range: data type)

No.

Property’s Name Domain Range

1. floorNumber Floor Integer2. labName Laboratory String3. roomName Room String4. hasRoomNumber Room String5. labSupervisedBy Laboratorium String6. OfficeOwnedby Office String

Define Properties


Create Data Type Property Choose “Properties” Tab In Property Browser choose “Datatype”

Tab First letter in property name is lower

case Create New Property, given name and

choose domain and range for each property

Set property type

Protégé

Using Protégé

Facets

Facet is used to represent information about properties (slots), sometimes called role restrictions / axiom

Kind of facets :CardinalityValue Type

Define Facets


Cardinality

Cardinality represents the exact number of values that may be asserted for the slot for that class Single cardinalityMultiple cardinality

○ Minimum cardinality ○ Maximum cardinality

Define Facets


Value Type

Value-type facet describes what type of values can fill in the slot StringNumberBooleanEnumerated

Define Facets


Instances:

Example :Lab336 : Instance of Laboratory

○ has_roomNumber: 336○ lab_name: Intelligent Agent Laboratory○ connectWith: door336, lab338○ lab_supervisedBy: Jane Yung-Jen Hsu○ room_at_floor: floor3○ inRegion: csieBuilding

Individual of the classDefine

Instances


Next Week

Create Instance Using Protégé Checking Consistency / anomalies Read OWL document

Reference N.F Noy, and D.L. McGuinnes, Ontology

Development 101 : A Guide to Creating Your First Ontology, 2001

Horridge, Mattahew, A Practical Guide to Building OWL Ontologies Using The Protege-OWL plugin and CO-ODE Tool, The University of Manchester, 2004

Protege-OWL tutorial http://protege.stanford.edu/overview/protege-owl.html

Install Protégé 3.4

Open http://protege.stanford.edu/download/registered.html

Choose Download 3.4 beta Choose Full Protégé, download And

Install

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Design and Building Ontology Using Protege

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