Design Process

…and the project

Agenda

Design process Video inspiration Project details

Design

How do we come up with new (good) designs for interactive systems?

Why is it so difficult?

What is design?

achieving goals within constraints

goals - purpose– who is it for, why do they want it

constraints– materials, platforms

trade-offs

Interactions and Interventions

design interactions not just interfaces not just the immediate interaction e.g. stapler in office – technology changes interaction style

designing interventions not just artefacts not just the system, but also …

documentation, manuals, tutorials what we say and do as well as what we make

The Tao of UCD

DESIGN IMPLEMENT

USE &EVALUATE

User-Centered Design Process

1. Understand constraints/context

2. User analysis

2. Task analysis

4. Function allocation

5. Define usability criteria

All of the above included in requirements definition and task analysis.

User-Centered Design (cont’d)

6. Design UI - including help and documentation– Consider alternatives!– Apply formative evaluation techniques & iterate

7. Build & test prototypes– Apply formative / summative evaluation techniques & iterate

8. Build & test the real application– Apply summative evaluation techniques & iterate

9. Release, update and maintain– Apply summative evaluation techniques & iterate

Basic HCI process of design

what iswanted

analysis

design

implementand deploy

prototype

interviewsethnography

what is therevs.

what is wanted

guidelinesprinciples

dialoguenotations

precisespecification

architecturesdocumentation

help

evaluationheuristics

scenariostask analysis

Discussion

How would you incorporate HCI design into larger software engineering design frameworks?

Traditional ‘waterfall’ lifecycle

Requirements analysis

Design

Code

Test

Maintenance

Spiral Lifecycle model

From cctr.umkc.edu/~kennethjuwng/spiral.htm

Why is HCI Design Difficult?

Difficult to deeply analyze human behavior May be too close to the domain Cost/features may be considered over good

human factors

Creativity is challenging!

How to be creative?

Ideas come from– Imagination– Analogy– Observation of current

practice– Observation of current

systems

Borrow from other fields

– Animation– Theatre– Information displays– Architecture– ..… metaphor

How do we create and develop new interface ideas and designs?

An inspirational video

IDEO: http://www.ideo.com/

Project Structure

Group project – 5 people Worth 50% of grade Design and evaluate an interface

– 1 - Understand the problem, users, tasks, environment (15%)

– 2 – Design and prototype (20%)– 3 – Evaluation (15%)

Project Groups

5 people– You decide– Diverse is best!– Consider schedules, email habits, etc.

Form by next Tuesday – cool name Choose topic by Jan. 24 (earlier if possible)

Previous Projects

System for organizing and showcasing art Friend Finder on a cell phone System for assisting anesthesiologists Money tracker in your wallet Mobile photo album Chef’s display in a kitchen

Suggested Project Theme:

Design a service to promote, encourage or support sustainability of the environment.

Coming up with project ideas

Think of someone else– Avoid being biased by your intuitions

Think off the desktop too!– Mobile, handheld, environmental

Think everyday

Think about people first, then technology

Project Topics

Real “client”– family and friends?– Organization you belong to, volunteer with?– Hobbies or other activities?

Domain– Office, home, school

Programming requirements

Leverage team expertise

Full functionality is NOT intention

But good evaluation requires authentic experience

Project Details

Part 0 – Team and topic formation – Due Jan. 24– Create team page on Swiki– Choose a project topic

Part 1 - Understanding the problem – Due Feb. 12– Describe tasks, users, environment, social context– Any existing systems in place– Helps form basis for your requirements– “Describe the problem, not the solution”

Project Details

Part 2a - Design Alternatives poster – Due March 11– Storyboards, mock-ups for multiple different designs– Get feedback on ideas during poster session

Part 2b – System Design and Evaluation Plan – Due April 3

– Description of the system requirements and design– Rationale for design decisions– Plan for conducting evaluation

Part 2c – System Prototype – Due April 3– Prototype that implements all or part of the design– Allows for interactive experience

Project Details

Part 3 – Evaluation – Due April 24– Conduct evaluation with example users– Characterize pros and cons of the UI– Discuss what you would do to fix problems

Part 3b – Presentation – April 24 & 29– In class presentation of the entire project, 15

minutes

Your turn

Pair or triple up… Brainstorm ideas/problems/applications with

public transit Choose a couple and elaborate Pause to share ideas with everyone…