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Athens, Greece, 2013Athens, Greece, 2013
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIES
Dr. Isabella Vassilopoulou
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. NTUA, GREECE
ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 2
CONTENTSCONTENTSPROJECT NAME: Pages
A. Entrance Canopies of the Athens Olympic Sports Complex 3-11
B. Railway bridge (integral system) 12-15
C. Viaduct of 14 spans 16-21
D. Doctoral Thesis: Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
22-32
A
C
B
D
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 3
Entrance Canopies of the Athens Olympic Sports ComplexLocation: Athens, GreeceArchitectural and structural report: CALATRAVA S.A.Design verification: Associate Professor C. J. Gantes, I. VassilopoulouConstruction: Joint Venture TERNA S.A. – PANTECHNIKI S.A.Client: Hellenic Ministry of Culture – General Secretariat of SportDates: design and construction - 2004
ENTRANCE CANOPIESENTRANCE CANOPIES
Areas of responsibilityStructural design of superstructure and foundation
•Modeling•Permanent, variable and seismic loads•Loading combinations•Static and dynamic analysis
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 4
Plan view (dimensions in m)
ENTRANCE CANOPIESENTRANCE CANOPIES
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 5
Section A-A (dimensions in m)
ENTRANCE CANOPIESENTRANCE CANOPIES
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 6
Model for analysis
ENTRANCE CANOPIESENTRANCE CANOPIES
Finite Element Software: SOFiSTiK
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 7
Vibration modes
ENTRANCE CANOPIESENTRANCE CANOPIES
Finite Element Software: SOFiSTiK
1st 2nd 3rd
4th 5th 6th
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 8
Installation of the two arches
ENTRANCE CANOPIESENTRANCE CANOPIES
The canopies under construction
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 9
Installation of the beams
ENTRANCE CANOPIESENTRANCE CANOPIES
The canopies under construction
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 10
Installation of the outer ring
ENTRANCE CANOPIESENTRANCE CANOPIES
The canopies under construction
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 11
ENTRANCE CANOPIESENTRANCE CANOPIES
General view
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 12
RAILWAY BRIDGERAILWAY BRIDGE
Railway bridge over the river “Dervenios”Location: Derveni (Railway line Corinth – Patras), GreeceGeotechnical and Structural Design: ODOTECHNIKI LtdConstruction: MICHANIKI S.A.Client: ERGOSE S.A.Dates: design - 2006, construction - 2008Type: Prestressed frame (integral system) – Total length ~49m
Areas of responsibilityFinal design of superstructure and foundation
•Modeling•Pretension•Permanent, variable and seismic loads•Loading combinations•Static and dynamic analysis•Foundation bearing capacity•Preparation of construction drawings
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 13
Elevation view
RAILWAY BRIDGERAILWAY BRIDGE
Cross section
2.80
7.80
2.00 8.70 2.00
48.70 4.004.00
(dimensions in m)
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 14
Model for analysis and design
RAILWAY BRIDGERAILWAY BRIDGE
Finite Element Software: SOFiSTiK
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 15
Bridge under construction
RAILWAY BRIDGERAILWAY BRIDGE
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 16
VIADUCTVIADUCT
Viaduct from Km 13+774.54 to Km 14+270.40 Location: Tsakona (Tripoli – Kalamata Highway), GreeceGeotechnical and Structural Design: ODOTECHNIKI LtdConstruction: ALPINE BAU Gmbh – GEK TERNA GROUPClient: Hellenic Ministry of Infrastructure, Transport and NetworksDates: design - 2008, construction - 2010Type: 14 spans with post-tensioned/precast beams – Total length 492mAreas of responsibilityFinal design of superstructure and foundation
•Modeling•Pretension•Permanent, variable and seismic loads•Loading combinations•Static and dynamic analysis•Foundation bearing capacity•Supervision of construction drawings
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 17
Model for seismic design
Finite Element Software: SOFiSTiK
Model for deck designPrestressed/precast beams of a typical span
VIADUCTVIADUCT
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 18
Detail of beam reinforcements from the construction drawings(dimensions in m)
VIADUCTVIADUCT
0.750.75
0.25 0.25 0.25
1O12
8O18 /320 10 10 L= 0.90
0.12
0.66
0.12
/404 10 10[(34+19)x2+96]x2L= 1.00
0.29
0.58
0.13
/330 10 10 L=
0.140.66
0.10
/540 10 10L= 0.80
0.10
0.44
0.26
/168 10 10(84x2)L= 0.45
0.12
0.20 0.13
/140 14 100L= 0.65
0.25
0.15
0.25
1.97 2.03
L= 5.00
0.15
2.19
0.16
2.18
0.16
0.16
/110 12 10
/10 10
/10 10/10 10
/10 12 20 /10 12 20
/12 10
/10 10/10 10
/14 100
/10 10
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 19
Pretension of beamsConstruction of foundationand pilecaps
VIADUCTVIADUCT
Bridge under construction
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 20
Construction of piers
VIADUCTVIADUCT
Placement of beams
Bridge under construction
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 21
Finished bridge
VIADUCTVIADUCT
Construction of concrete slab
Bridge under construction
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 22
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable NetsSupervisor: Associate Professor C. J. GantesDate: November 2011http://odotechniki.gr/siteen/pages/publications/associates-research.php
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
… the Raleigh ArenaNorth Carolina, U.S.A. (1953)
…the VelodromeLondon, UK (2011)
From … … to …
Vassilopoulou, I., “Nonlinear dynamic response and design of cable nets”, Structural Engineering International (SEI) – Recent PhD Abstracts, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 422-423.
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 23
Geometry of a cable net
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 24
SDOF Cable net
4 (L/2,0,-f) 2 (-L/2,0,-f)
L/2 L/2
L/2
L/2
L: cable span, f/L: sag-to-span ratio
Plan view Perspective view
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
I. Vassilopoulou and C.J.Gantes“Nonlinear dynamic phenomena in a SDOF model of cable net”Archive of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 82, No. 10, pp. 1689-1703.
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 25
SDOF Cable net: Simplified equation of motion
)tΩcos(M
)P(w
LM
)EA(16w
M
Kw
MC
wm
m03m3
mm
mm
m
mm
mm
Linear termNonlinear term
Duffing equation
2εμ=2ζωm
)tΩcos(pwεαwωwεμ2w m3mm
2mmm
2m
2m
m
m0
m
m02m
2m
mm
mm
L
f
)EA(
)N(4
)EA(
)N(2
L
f8
LM
)EA(4ω
3mm
m
LM
)EA(16εα
m
m0m M
)P(p where
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 26
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
(2A)
(1A) (1A)
(1S)
3
20
2S1 fL
EA
T
Lρ
EgLf
7ω
5.2
20
2A1 fL
EA
T
Lρ
EgLf
7ω
Aρ
gT
L7
ω 0A2
I. Vassilopoulou and C. J. Gantes, “Vibration modes and natural frequencies of saddle form cable nets”, Computer and Structures, Vol. 88, pp.105-119, 2010.
MDOF cable net: natural frequencies
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 27
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
MDOF cable net: natural frequencies
2
0
2
Lf
TEA
λ
ω1S ≤ ω1A <
ω2A
λ2≤0.8
0.8 < λ2 ≤ 1.0ω1A < ω1S
≤ ω2A
1.0 < λ2 ≤ 1.17
ω1A ≤ ω2A <
ω1S
1.17 < λ2ω2A < ω1A
< ω1S
Ε: Elastic modulusΑ: Cross-sectional area
T0: initial pretension
f/L: Sag-to-span ratio
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 28
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
MDOF cable net: Dynamic response to harmonic loads
P(t)=P0cosΩt
Steady-state response(fundamental resonance Ω≈ω1S)
node 15
0
1
2
3
0.90 1.00 1.10 1.20 1.30 1.40
Ω/ω1S
defle
ctio
n (m
)
node 15
0
1
2
0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60
Ω/ω1S
defle
ctio
n (m
)
Steady-state response (superharmonic resonance Ω<ω1S)
I. Vassilopoulou and C. J. Gantes, “Nonlinear dynamic behavior of saddle form cable nets under uniform harmonic load”, Engineering Structures, Vol. 33, pp. 2762-2771, 2011
Uniform loading
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 29
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
Approximate method
Similarity
relations
PROTOTYPE (p)MODEL (m)
prototype
pmodel
mnumber of cables per direction
N
2
m
pp0m0 1N
1N)P()P(
I. Vassilopoulou and C. J. Gantes, “Cable nets with elastically deformable edge ring”,
International Journal of Space Structures, Vol. 20, No.1, pp. 15-34, 2005.
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 30
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
Estimation of MDOF cable net response with an equivalent SDOF model
Similarity
relations
PROTOTYPE (p)MODEL (m)
Numerical analysisAnalytical solution
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
I. Vassilopoulou and C.J.Gantes, “Nonlinear dynamic response of MDOF cable nets estimated by equivalent SDOF
models”, Computational Methods in Earthquake Engineering, Vol. 2, M. Papadrakakis, M. Fragiadakis, V. Plevris (Eds.), Springer Verlag, 2012 (in press).
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 31
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
Estimation of MDOF cable net response with an equivalent SDOF model Fundamental Resonance
0
1
2
3
4
0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3
Ω/ωp
Stea
dy s
tate
am
plitu
de (
m)
Ω/ ωp=1.08
-4.0
-2.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
0 5 10 15 20 25time (sec)
defle
ctio
n (m
)
Ω/ ωp=1.08
-4.0
-2.0
0.0
2.0
4.0
0 5 10 15 20 25time (sec)
defle
ctio
n (m
)
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
SDOF responseMDOF response with initial conditionsMDOF response with zero initial conditions
DESIGN PROJECTS AND RESEARCH ACTIVITIESDr. ISABELLA VASSILOPOULOU
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. N.T.U.A. and ASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd 32
Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Design of Cable Nets
MDOF cable net: Dynamic response to wind action
DOCTORAL THESISDOCTORAL THESIS
f/L N0/(Aσy) [%]
λ2 ω1S[sec-
1]f1S[Hz
]
1/20 10 2.59
7.696 1.225
1/20 19 1.35
6.654 1.059
1/20 30 0.86
6.085 0.968
f/L: sag/span ratio, Ν0: initial cable pretensionA: cross-sectional area σy: yield stress
2
0
2
Lf
TEA
λ
λ2 2.59 1.35 0.86
Athens, Greece, 2013Athens, Greece, 2013
Dr. Isabella Vassilopoulou
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER, Ph.D. NTUA, GREECEASSOCIATE AT ODOTECHNIKI Ltd