Designated Person Indoor Air Quality Training Program Public Employees Occupational Safety and...

Designated Person Indoor Air Quality Training Program

Public Employees Occupational Safety and Health (PEOSH) Program

Purpose of Designated Person Training

Discuss role and responsibilities

Understand basic IAQ terminology

Explain a basic HVAC system

Review PEOSH IAQ standard

Discuss how to recognize and solve basic IAQ problems

Discuss necessary steps to respond to employee’s complaints

When and how to obtain assistance

Recommended Skills and Authority of Designated Person

Knowledgeable about NJ IAQ Standard

Familiar with basic issues regarding IAQ

Working knowledge of air handling system

Be in a position of authority

Effectively communicate with management, staff, maintenance, contractors

Good problem solver

Available

Role of the Designated Person

Coordinate IAQ Activities

• Prepare Written IAQ Program

• Establish and follow preventive maintenance procedures

• Track unscheduled maintenance

• Establish control measures for pollutantsRenovation and constructionSpecific facility operationsMaintenance activities

• Recordkeeping

• Annual Written IAQ Program Review

Management of IAQA Coordinated Effort

Maint. Employer

Employee

Desig.Person

Management of IAQA Coordinated Effort

PEOSH

RemediationContractor

GC

IAQConsult

HVACCont.

Maint.

PropertyManager

Employer

Employee

Desig.Person

IAQ Basics

Problems occur in many types of buildings Problems reflect both comfort and health

related issues Primary sources of IAQ problems include:

• Ventilation

• Contaminants generated indoors

• Infiltration of outdoor contaminants

• Unidentified sources

IAQ Basics

Types of Air Contaminants Vapors – Solid or liquid converted by heat to a gaseous

state (i.e., methylene chloride, mercury)

Gases – Formless fluid occupying an enclosure which confines it (i.e., carbon dioxide, oxygen)

Fumes – Condensation of gas into particle <1 micrometers (µm) (welding)

Dust – Particulate ranging in size from 0.1 to 25µm

Fibers – An elongated particle with aspect ratio of greater than 3:1

Bioaerosols – Airborne particles that originate from living organisms (i.e., pollen, spores, fragments, waste)

Acceptable IAQ

American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) defines acceptable IAQ as:

“air in which there are no known contaminants at harmful concentrations as determined by authorities and at which a substantial majority (80% or more) of the people exposed do not express dissatisfaction”

IAQ Basics

Health Effects

• Varied and non-specific

• Reports of health related problems and comfort issues

• Air monitoring does not always support their existence

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) vs. Building-Related Illness (BRI)

SBS Symptoms:

• Do not fit the pattern of any particular illness

• Difficult to trace to a specific source

• Relief occurs upon leaving the building

BRI Symptoms:

• Are often accompanied by physical signs identified by a physician and/or laboratory findings

• Relief from illness may not occur upon leaving the building

Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) vs. Building-Related Illness (BRI)

SBS Symptoms:

• Headaches

• Eye, nose, throat irritation

• Dry or itchy skin

• Fatigue

• Dizziness

• Nausea

• Loss of concentration

BRI Symptoms:

• Eye, nose, throat, and upper respiratory tract irritation

• Skin irritation or rashes

• Chills, fever, cough, chest tightness, congestion, sneezing, runny nose

• Muscle aches

Building-Related Illnesses

Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

Asthma

Chemical Sensitivity

Legionnaires’ Disease

IAQ Basics

Factors Affecting IAQ

• Building occupant activities

• Design and condition of HVAC

• Construction and renovation activities

• General outdoor sources

IAQVentilation System

Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC)

• Purpose

Regulates the temperature and humidity for comfort

Supplies general ventilation to decrease indoor pollutants

IAQBasic Ventilation System

IAQComplex Ventilation System




Air Handling Unit (AHU)

• Air Filters Air filters should have a dust-spot rating

between 35% and 80% or a Minimum Efficiency Rating Value (MERV) of between 8 and 13

Some filters are not efficient enough to remove small fungal and bacterial spores




• Humidification and Dehumidification Humidification provides moisture

to the air and dehumidification removes the moisture

Maintain relative humidity below 60% in all occupied spaces and in low air-velocity plenums



• Coils and Drain Pans Coils dehumidify the air forming

condensate water which is released into drain pans and removed from the AHU


Air Handling Unit (AHU)• Return Air Plenum - Space above ceiling tiles

is often used as return air plenum

Maintain all exhaust systems that pass through plenum

No exhaust should be released into the plenum

Prevent contamination of the area and ensure air flow is not blocked


Ducts

• Move the filtered and conditioned air to occupied areas of the building


Fans

• Ensure fan belts are operating properly

• Rotation


Local Exhaust System

• Buildings should remain under slightly positive pressure to avoid bringing in unfiltered air


Dampers

• Check condition of dampers and controls

• Ensure dampers are operable and meet the design specifications for bringing in outdoor air

• Clean screens and grilles and prevent obstructions in this area

IAQ BasicsBuilding Conditions and Effects

Problem: Poorly regulated temperature and humidity levels

Effects:• Temperature complaints

• Condensation, microbial contamination

• Dryness, upper respiratory irritation, nosebleeds

Solutions:• Check system sizing

• Adjust dampers

• Location of controls


Problem: Disruption of air circulation Effects:

• Stagnant air

• Temperature extremes Solutions:

• Ensure sizing of HVAC system

• Balancing

• Inspect for blocked supply diffusers


Problem: Lack of Fresh Air Effects:

• Stagnant air

• Odors

• Increased contaminant concentrations

Solutions:• Develop and follow preventive maintenance schedule

• Ensure dampers are open and operational

• Inspect filters for condition and compatibility


PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13 et seq.

Adopted in 1998

First IAQ Standard in U.S.

Revised in 2007, PEOSH AdvisoryBoard, IAQ Subcommittee

Effective date: May 21, 2007

PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13 et seq.

13.1 Scope

13.2 Definitions

13.3 Compliance Program

13.4 Control of Specific Contaminant Sources

13.5 Air Quality During Renovation & Remodeling

13.6 Recordkeeping

13.7 Employer’s Response to Complaints

13.8 IAQ Compliance Documents

PEOSH IAQ StandardN.J.A.C. 12:100-13.1

Scope:This subchapter shall apply to matters relating to indoor air quality in buildings occupied by public employees during regular work hours.


Definitions (selected): "Designated person" means a person who has

been given the responsibility by the employer to take necessary measures to assure compliance with this subchapter.

"Office building" means a building in which administrative, clerical or educational activities are conducted. Examples of facilities and/or operations, which are not office buildings, include repair shops, garages, print shops and warehouses.


Definitions (selected): "HVAC system" means the collective components of the

heating, ventilation and air-conditioning system including, but not limited to, filters and frames, cooling coil condensate drip pans and drainage piping, outside air dampers and actuators, humidifiers, air distribution ductwork, automatic temperature controls, and cooling towers.

"Renovation and remodeling" means building modification involving activities that include but are not limited to: removal or replacement of walls, roofing, ceilings, floors, carpet, and components such as moldings, cabinets, doors, and windows; painting; decorating; demolition; surface refinishing; and removal or cleaning of ventilation ducts.


Compliance Program

• Employer shall identify and train a Designated Person

• Employer’s designated person shall:

Establish and follow a preventative maintenance schedule

Ensure that damaged or inoperable components are replaced or repaired promptly, ensure no microbial growth

Implement the use of general or local exhaust ventilation

Check the HVAC system when carbon dioxide levels exceed 1,000 ppm


Compliance Program

• Employer’s designated person shall:Check HVAC system if temperature range is

outside 68°F-79°FPrevent contamination of fresh air supplyCheck natural ventilation portals are maintainedPromptly investigate all employee complaints about

BRI or SBSPrepare written plan (including required

components)Review and update written plan annually


Control Specific Indoor Contaminants

• Microbial Contaminants

Promptly repair water intrusion that can promote growth of biological

Remediate damp/wet material by drying or removal within 48hrs of discovery and continue until water intrusion is eliminated

Remove visible microbial contamination


Renovation and Remodeling:

• Evaluate chemical hazards

• Notify employees 24 hours prior to any construction

• Utilize local exhaust ventilation

• Isolate construction areas (scheduling, physical barriers, pressure differentials)

• Construction areas required to be cleaned and aired out as necessary prior to re-occupancy


Recordkeeping

• Required Records

Written IAQ Program

Documentation of Designated Person Training

Written Preventive Maintenance Program

Preventive Maintenance Log


Recordkeeping• Requirements:

Maintained for 3 years

Available to employees and representatives for examination and copying ASAP or within 10 working days

Available immediately during PEOSH inspection


Employer’s Response to Signed PEOSH Complaint: Not currently used.


IAQ Compliance DocumentsAs-built construction documents

HVAC System Commissioning Report

HVAC Systems Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing Reports

Operations and Maintenance Manuals

Water Treatment Logs

Operator Training Materials

Must be provided to PEOSH, upon request (if available)

Other Standards Related to IAQ(Overview)

PEOSH General Industry (29 CFR 1910.1001) and Construction (29 CFR 1926.1101) Asbestos Standards

• Identification of asbestos-containing materials in all buildings (pre-1980)

• Labeling and signage requirements

• Annual awareness training

• Notification of outside contractors Other Federal and State Asbestos Standards

• Schools (AHERA)-U.S. EPA/NJDHSS

• NJ Uniform Construction Code-Subchapter 8, NJ Dept. of Community Affairs (NJDCA)

Other Standards Related to IAQ(Overview)

Air Contaminants Standard (29 CFR 1910.1000, Tables Z-1, Z-2)

Access to Employee Exposure and Medical Records Standard (29 CFR 1910.1020)

PEOSH Program Response to Unacceptable IAQ

Conduct Employee Interviews

Review Building Operations & Maintenance Procedures

Walk-through Inspection

Inspect HVAC System

Review As-builts

Conduct Sampling, if necessary

Complete PEOSH IAQ Checklist

IAQPreventive Maintenance (PM)

Equipment List

Master Schedule

Documentation

IAQRecommended Inspection Protocol

Fan belts operate properly and in good condition

Filters are installed properly and replaced as scheduled

Dampers are open as designed and not blocked

Motor functions properly

Diffusers are opened

Condensate pans drained

Supply and exhaust system are properly balanced

IAQPM Documentation

Name of person and date work performed shown on maintenance schedule

Specify activity performed on a work order

• Reason for inspection

• Observations

• Item repaired/replaced

• Time spent on activity

IAQScenario 1 Mold

IAQScenario 1 Discussion

Visible mold

Remove porous materials – (follow Mold Guidelines)

Address water infiltration

Replace materials

Other regulatory requirements?

IAQScenario 2 Construction/Renovation

Carpet replacement in 2nd fl. office area

Adjoining areas occupied

Performed during regular work hours


Inspect area for asbestos floor tiles/mastic

Prepare bid specs

Review materials with contractor, MSDS

Notify employees (less than 24 hrs.)


Isolate work area, secure HVAC

Maintain negative pressure

Exercise good housekeeping

Air-out room prior to re-occupancy

Recordkeeping

IAQ Isolate Construction/Occupied Areas

IAQEmployee Complaints

Follow Up on Employees Complaints

• Conduct interviews

• Review building operations and maintenance procedures

• Complete PEOSH IAQ Inspection Checklist

• Involve employees through L/MH&SC*

• Communicate outcome and corrective action

• Report all complaints to one person

*Labor-Management Health & Safety Committee

Ask for Help

PEOSH Health Consultation Project

Local/County Health Departments

Private Consultants

• American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) - www.aiha.org

Additional IAQ Resources

PEOSH Publicationswww.nj.gov/health/peosh

• Public Employer’s Guide and Model Written Program for the Revised Indoor Air Quality Standard

• PEOSH Policy on Building Renovations Information Bulletin

• Renovation & Construction in Schools-Controlling Health and Safety Hazards Information Bulletin

• Bioaerosols Information Bulletin

• Mold in The Workplace, Prevention and Control Information Bulletin

PEOSH IAQ Standard Web Page

Additional IAQ Resources Tools for Schools (TfS) Kit

www.epa.gov/iaq/schools/toolkit.html• Shows schools how to carry out a practical plan of action to

improve indoor air problems at little or no cost using straightforward activities and in-house staff.

• Provides best practices, industry guidelines, sample policies, and a sample IAQ management plan.

• The voluntary guidance can save schools time and money so that resources can be directed toward educating children.

• Co-sponsored by the National Parent Teacher Association, National Education Association, Association of School Business Officials, American Federation of Teachers, and the American Lung Association.


Healthy SEAT – Healthy School Environments Assessment Tool

www.epa.gov/schools

• Free software tool to help school systems more effectively manage all of their environmental issues.

• HealthySEAT is designed to be customized by school systems to conduct and manage self-assessments of their school facilities for a wide range of environmental, health, and safety issues.


IAQ Building Education and Assessment Model (I-BEAM)

www.epa.gov/iaq/largebldgs/i-beam_html/ibeami.htm

• The I-BEAM is a guidance tool designed for use by building professionals and others interested in indoor air quality in commercial buildings.

Additional IAQ Resources Building Air Quality: A Guide for Building Owners and Facility

Managers (BAQ Guide) and the Building Air Quality Action Plan

www.epa.gov/iaq/largebldgs/baq_page.htm

• Developed by the EPA and NIOSH

• Provides practical suggestions on preventing, identifying, and resolving indoor air quality (IAQ) problems in public and commercial buildings

• Provides information on factors affecting indoor air quality

• Describes how to develop an IAQ profile of building conditions and create an IAQ management plan

• Describes investigative strategies to identify causes of IAQ problems

• Provides criteria for assessing alternative mitigation strategies, determining whether a problem has been resolved, and deciding whether to consult outside technical specialists


Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings

www.epa.gov/mold/mold_remediation.html

• Presents guidelines for the remediation/cleanup of mold and moisture problems in schools and commercial buildings

• Includes measures designed to protect the health of building occupants and remediators

• Designed primarily for building managers, custodians, and others who are responsible for commercial building and school maintenance


NJ Department of Health and Senior Services – Healthy Schools Web Site

http://nj.gov/health/healthyschools

The Healthy School Facility Environments Web site was developed for parents, students, school staff, administrators, architects, engineers, and contractors. It contains important information about preventing, identifying, and controlling health and safety hazards in school buildings.

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