PROJECT REPORT ON COMPARATIVE STUDY OF REFRIGERATOR OF VARIOUS

COMPANIES IN LUCKNOW CITY

Submitted under the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the MBA IV Semester

Submitted By Under supervision of:

Vinay Kumar Verma Dr. Shaili Vadera

MBA-M&S

Enrollment no: A7002210035

Specialization- Marketing & Sales

AMITY BUSINESS SCHOOL

AMITY UNIVERSITY UTTAR PRADESH LUCKNOW

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Survey report entitled as “Comparative study of

refrigerators of various companies in Lucknow city”in Lucknow city”

This Survey has been prepared by Vinay Kumar Verma under my supervision

and guidance.

This Survey is an outcome of his extensive endeavor on the above Subject.

I wish him every success in his future life.

Place: - Signature

Date: - ……………………….

DECLARATION

I “Vinay Kumar Verma” student of MBA IV Semester from amity business

school , Lucknow , Survey Project Report on “Comparative study of refrigerators

of various companies in Lucknow city”in Lucknow city”

It is outcome of my own work and the same has no been submitted to any college/

university/ institute for the award of my degree.

CONTENT

1. Certificate

2. Declaration

3. Preface

4. Acknowledgement

5. Introduction to the E-Marketing

6. About the e-marketing

7. Objective of the survey.

8. Research Methodology

9. Data Analysis

10. Finding & Recommendation

11. Conclusion

12. Bibliography

13. Enclosure of Questionnaire

PREFACE

As a part of the course curriculum, the M.B.A. students are required to have

Survey in the corporate world. The objective behind taking this type of

working is to relate the management subjects taught in the market to their

practical application.

The preparation of this Survey report is based on facts and findings noted

during the market research. Information received from written and published

documents and briefings by company products and services.

The scope of the Survey work is to analyze the data received from our

research.

My work in this Survey work is, therefore, a humble attempt towards this

end.

In spite of my best efforts there may be errors of omissions and

commissions, which may please be excused.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

It gives me great pleasure to express my gratitude to all the esteemed people

who helped me in the preparation of this Survey which has been a great

learning experience.

I would like to thank to Dr. Shaili Vadera, giving me the opportunity to

work on this Survey project on “Comparative study of refrigerators of

various companies in Lucknow cityin Lucknow city””

. I am highly obliged to all those who have helped us directly or indirectly in

successful completion of this Survey.

Date……………. Vinay Kumar Verma

MBA-IV Semester

Place: Lucknow

The History of the Refrigerator and Freezers

Drawing: William Cullen's

Design before mechanical refrigeration systems were introduced, people cooled their food with

ice and snow, either found locally or brought down from the mountains.

The first cellars were holes dug into the ground and lined with wood or straw and packed with

snow and ice: this was the only means of refrigeration for most of history.

Refrigeration is the process of removing heat from an enclosed space, or from a substance, to

lower its Temperature. A refrigerator uses the evaporation of a liquid to absorb heat. The liquid,

or refrigerant, used in a refrigerator evaporates at an extremely low Temperature, creating

freezing temperatures inside the refrigerator. It's all based on the following

PHYSICS: - A liquid is rapidly vaporized (through compression) - the quickly expanding

vapor requires kinetic energy and draws the energy needed from the immediate area – Which

loses energy and becomes cooler? Cooling caused by the rapid expansion of gases is the

primary means of refrigeration today.

The first known artificial refrigeration was demonstrated by William Cullen at the University of

Glasgow in 1748. However, he did not use his discovery for any practical purpose.

In 1805, an American inventor, Oliver Evans, designed the first refrigeration machine. The first

practical refrigerating machine was built by Jacob Perkins in 1834; it used ether in a vapor

compression cycle.

An American physician, John Gorier, built a refrigerator based on Oliver Evans' design in 1844

to make ice to cool the air for his yellow fever Patients.

German engineer Carl von Linden patented not a refrigerator but the process of liquefying gas

in 1876 that is part of basic refrigeration technology.

TYPE OF REFRIGERATOR

Refrigerator types are simple - direct cool and frost-free refrigerator. Direct cooling ones are

mostly single door refrigerators and frost-free refrigerators are mostly double and multiple

doors. The abundant variety comes in the form of capacity. You can choose from mini, small,

medium and large refrigerators.

Mini (50 to 100 liters): perfect for your studio apartment or bachelor pad; just enough

for one person to store the occasional can of beer and juices along

With bare food items. These are really small, single door refrigerators.

Small (170 to 200 liters): just right for a couple or even a small kitchen. This one is

small and won’t take too much space while giving you just enough to store your weekly

groceries. You would go for this if you were on a tight budget. These are single door

refrigerators.

Medium (200 to 450 liters): This is for the nuclear household. Not too small yet not too

big. Reasonably priced these provide ample storage with enough features that are value

for money. These could be single as well as double door refrigerators.

Large (450 to 800 liters): For the big home and big budget. These refrigerators are right

out of the lifestyles of the rich and famous catalogue. You would go for this if you have

a large household and are really fond of throwing elaborate dos. The large sized could be

double door, three door, bottom mounted, side-by-side.

REFRIGERATOR CAPACITY

Size of Family Refrigerator Capacity in liters

1 200-230

2 260

3 290

4 300

5 350

6 400

7 450

8 500

9 550

10 600

11 650

12 700

Single Door Refrigerator

Single Door Refrigerators

These are one of the oldest and conventional refrigerators. As the name suggests, they come

with a single door. The upper portion here is a freezer, the middle portion is a refrigerator and

the bottom portion has a vegetable bin. Single-door refrigerators start from 50 liters and go up

to 300 liters. These are entry-level refrigerators and are in the low-price range.

Pros

Is available in smaller sizes for smaller usage

Fits in a small space

Freezer section is more efficient

Ideal for small offices/clinics and grocery stores

Cons

Manual defrosting required twice in a week. If defrosting is not done in time, the

defrosting water tray might spill, causing a mess.

Not available above 300 liters

Since all three sections (freezer, refrigerator and vegetable bin) are together, odour

mixture in the food is common

Heat-exchanging pipes/coils are visible (not concealed) in most of the single-door

refrigerators.

Double Door Refrigerator

Double-door refrigerator

Out of two doors, one door is for the freezer section and the other is for the refrigerator and

vegetable sections. They either have a freezer section on top and refrigerator and vegetable

sections at the bottom or vice versa. They start from 200 liters. And go up to 660 liters. These

are the highest-selling refrigerators and are in mid-price range.

Pros

Bigger vessels/ beverage bottles can be accommodated, depending upon the capacity of

the refrigerator

Available in wired shelves (weight-holding capacity: 90 kg), acrylic shelves (weight-

holding capacity: 40 kg) and toughened glass (weight-holding capacity: 90 kg)

Refrigerators with acrylic/ toughened glass will have a unique temperature in each

compartment

Cons

Deodorizer feature not available in smaller sizes

Not available in smaller sizes

The vegetable section is smaller compared to a three-door refrigerator

If the refrigerator section located in the lower part, you have to bend down to get the

vegetables.

REFRIGERATOR BRANDS AVAILABLE IN INDIA

Do you know there are multiple brands available in India for Refrigerator?

Here you can find website links of Brands available in India for Refrigerator .This website

consolidates good brands available in Indian market for Refrigerator (Fridge). Visit each

brand and then take decision. Also you can find online as well as offline deals available for

Refrigerator.

Refrigerator in India

 

Akai

Electrolux

Godrej

LG

Samsung

Sanyo

Videocon

Whirlpool

 

Other products you might be interested in.

Air Conditioners

Air Coolers

Dryer

Microwave Oven

Power Inverters

Vacuum Cleaner

Washing Machines

Refrigerator – An introduction

Years back refrigerators were seen as a necessity for storing milk based products, eggs,

butter vegetables and so on.

Today this hasn’t changed much in Indian market, but there is awareness about options. For

those who are looking to buy a new refrigerator, here is an article which hopes to introduce the

miracle gadget which is probably the next most wanted on every homemaker’s list after

television.

Typically a refrigerator is a cooling device and offered in many flavors. Each has a unique

advantage and a disadvantage associated to it. Let’s try and analyze the types out there.

Single door , normal refrigerator

Double door, normal refrigerator

Single door, frost free refrigerator

Double door, frost free refrigerator

In the above classification the single door predominantly has another smaller door inside for the

deep freeze section.

Similarly, the double door is a stacked option. There exist two doors one on top of another each

opening the normal and freezer sections respectively.

Apart from these categories there are also more expensive 2 door refrigerators which are placed

adjacent to each other. Here even advanced features such as cold water/ice dispenser are present

in the refrigerator.

 The frost free refrigerator is definitely superior as it requires no periodic maintenance. The

regular refrigerator however requires periodic defrosting otherwise the freezer portion becomes

highly crowded and inaccessible.

Some refrigerator types have water collecting trays located at the bottom. You may want to

avoid these as they can be good spots for mosquitoes to breed.

You may also want to buy a plastic stand on which your whole refrigerator rests. This is just a

trick to cause more space under the refrigerator for cleaning the home.

 We highly recommend that you use a 15A socket and plug point, 3 pin of-course to avoid nasty

shocks while operating the refrigerator.

Depending on the voltage fluctuations we would also advise usage of a stabilizer with some

kind of an auto timer which only resumes power to the refrigerator after 3 minutes or so.

Periodic cleaning of the refrigerator inside and outside ensures odor free operation.

OBJECTIVE OF THE SURVEY

The survey project has been entitled to see the improvement of the refrigerators in the modern

era.

Refrigerators are important for the houses for the multipurpose use.

To maximization use of the refrigerators in the modern era for the home and business uses.

The refrigerators are also home and business uses its use multipurpose areas.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

According to CLIFFORD WOODY, “Research is a careful inquiry or

examination in setting the facts or principle, a diligent investigation to ascertain something.”

METHODOLOGY:-

Methodology is the systematic and objective identification, collection analysis,

dissemination, and use of information for the purpose of improving decision making related to

the identification and solution of problem.

During the course of conducting the study the information were gathered mainly

through the primary sources. Conducting field survey by talking to the individual and the

methodology used in the survey was personal observation and interview with the consumer with

the help of questionnaire.

DATA COLLECTION:

The task of data collection begins after a research problem has been defined and

research design has been chalked out. While deciding about the method of data collection to be

used for the study, the research should keep in mind two types of data viz. Primary and

Secondary.

SOURCES OF DATA

a) Primary Data.

b) Secondary Data.

PRIMARY DATA:

The Primary Data are those, which are collected afresh and for the first time and thus happen to

be original in character.

The observation method is the most commonly used method especially in studies relating

to behavioral sciences. In a way we all observe things around us, but this sort of observation is

not scientific observation. Observation becomes a scientific tool & the method of data

collection for the researcher, when it serves a formulated research purpose, is systematically

planned & recorded & is subjected to check & controls on validity & reliability. Under the

observation method, the information is sought by way of investigators own direct observation

without asking from the respondent. The main advantages of this method are that subjective

bias is eliminated if observation is done accurately secondly, the information obtained under

this method relates to what is currently happening.

However, observation method has various limitations.

1) It is an expensive method,

2) The information provided by this method is very limited,

3) Sometimes unforeseen factors may interfere with the observational task.

At times, the fact that some people are rarely accessible to direct observation creates

obstacle for this method to collect data effectively. While using this method, the researcher

should keep in mind things like:

SECONDARY DATA:

The secondary Data are those which have been already collected by someone else and

which have already been passed through statistical process.

The Secondary Data regarding the project was given by the company which was a list of the

outlets that were to be visited.

METHODOLOGY ADOPTED FOR RESEARCH

For this project, the method available was to get enough information through personal

interaction with the outlet owners with the aid of a questionnaire. The collection of primary data

requires considerable time. In this research the Primary data were obtained by actual working in

the market and interacting with the outlet owners or managers who are involved in the process.

The secondary data was a list of the outlets that were to be surveyed and was given by the

company.

SAMPLE SIZE

For carrying out any research or study on any subject it is very difficult to cover even 10% of

the total Population. Therefore the sample size has to be decided for a meaningful conclusion.

For designing the sample size, it was thought proper to cover a very small percentage of

population in various age groups.

The method used for sample technique was non probability convenience sampling method. This

method is used because it is known previously as to whether a particular person will be asked to

fill the questionnaire. Convenient sampling is used because only those people will be asked to

fill the questionnaires that were easily accessible and available to the researcher. Considering

the constraints, it was decided to conduct the study based on sample size of 50 retailers in

specific.

DATA COLLECTION

Que.1- Are you user of refrigerator?

Option No. of respondent Percentage

Yes 35 70%

No 15 30%

By the table and graph we can see that the 70% people agree with the first option, 30% people

agree with the second option,

Que.2- How you aware about refrigerator?

Option No. of respondent Percentage

News paper 20 40%

Television 20 40%

Internet `5 10

Others 5 10%

By table and graph we can see that the 40%people agree with the first option,40% people agree

with the second option, 10% people agree with the third option, 10% people agree with the

fourth

Que.3- Which company’s refrigerator you use?

Option No. of respondent Percentage

Whirlpool 5 10%

LG 20 40%

Samsung 10 20%

Videocon 5 10%

Others 10 20%

By table and graph we can see that the 10%people agree with the first option,40% people agree

with the second option, 20% people agree with the third option, 10% people agree with the

fourth option and 20 % people agree with the fifth option.

Que.4- Why are you prefer this company’s refrigerators?

Option No. of respondent Percentage

By working 25 50%

By design 5 10%

By cost 15 30%

Others 5 10%

By table and graph we can see that the 50%people agree with the first option,10% people agree

with the second option, 30% people agree with the third option, 10% people agree with the

fourth option.

Que.5- On which basis you purchase refrigerator?

Option No. of respondent Percentage

Price 20 40%

Usage 30 60%

By the table and graph we can see that the40% people agree with the first option 60% people

agree with the second option,

Que.6- According to you what is the perfect characteristics of refrigerators?

Option No. of respondent Percentage

Low price 10 20%

Well working 20 40%

Design 15 30%

All above 5 10%

By table and graph we can see that the 20%people agree with the first option,40% people agree

with the second option, 30% people agree with the third option, 10% people agree with the

fourth option.

Que.7- Which company is providing better service of refrigerators?

Option No. of respondent Percentage

Whirlpool 5 10%

LG 20 40%

Samsung 10 20%

Videocon 5 10%

Others 10 20%

By table and graph we can see that the 10%people agree with the first option,40% people agree

with the second option, 20% people agree with the third option, 10% people agree with the

fourth option and 20% people agree with the fifth option.

Que.8- In which season refrigerator is mostly used?

Option No. of respondent Percentage

Summer 45 90%

Winter 0 0%

Rainy 5 10%

By the table and graph we can see that the90% people agree with the first option, 0% people

agree with the second option and 10% people agree with the third option.

Que.9- Which level of people are most user of refrigerators?

Option No. of respondent Percentage

High level 15 30%

Middle level 5 10%

Low level 1 2%

High and Middle 29 58%

By table and graph we can see that the 30%people agree with the first option,10% people agree

with the second option, 2% people agree with the third option, 58% people agree with the fourth

option.

Que.10 For which purpose you like to purchase the refrigerators?

Option No. of respondent Percentage

For home purpose 30 60%

For commercial purpose 1 15 30%

Others 5 10%

By the table and graph we can see that the60% people agree with the first option,3 0% people

agree with the second option and 10% people agree with the third option.

OBSERVATIONS AND FINDINGS

The following are the observations or findings:

1) The outlet owners and the shop owners had many complaints and queries about the

company in regards to many issues like delivery, cooler maintenance, availability of

certain brands etc.

2) The outlet owners complained that the distributors were not very punctual in the

delivery of stock to outlet owners. However, the distributors informed that the payments

were not received from the outlet owners. Moreover the delivery van has a fixed

schedule as per which they cover the complete area.

3) The outlet owners also complained that the coolers were not in proper working condition

and that the company had not responded to their complaints. But it was also observed

that the outlet owners were careless about the maintenance of the cooler themselves and

that is why the coolers did not work properly.

4) In some areas, it was found that the outlets were reluctant to use the racks or stands

given by the company and they had no valid reason for the same. So it was a task

convincing them to use these elements so that their sales could go up.

5) Ninety nine percent of the outlet owners i.e. 50 outlets were aware of the concept of

market activation and only two outlet owners were unaware of the same.

CONCLUSION

It was an excellent experience while working on the survey on the topic of comparative

study on e-marketing of various companies in Lucknow city. I learnt about the environment and

culture of the organization, which I feel will help me in my future endeavors in life.

During the entire course of the Survey, a total of 50 outlets were surveyed and a detailed

analysis of the awareness of the outlet owners regarding the activation measures that the

company takes was studied. Then based on this analysis, menu cards and menu boards were

printed for the eating and drinking outlets and given to the outlets respectively. In the first part

of the project, a survey of selected outlets was conducted by taking interview of outlet owners

or managers. Based on the information gathered through the outlet managers or owners, the

menu cards and menu boards were given for printing and the new menu cards or boards were

given to the respective outlets.

The final outcome of the project was more than the expected result. Sixty percent of the

outlets were activated out of the total sample size.

Thus, I would again like to thank all the concerned people who have helped me to

successfully complete the Survey

LIMITATIONS

Every Survey even if completed has some limitations. Although the entire Survey went

through pretty well, there were some limitations. So, it is wise to point out these limitations

instead of glossing over them.

The limitations of this Survey are as follows:-

The sample size taken in the project was 50. This sample size of 50 was not sufficient in

a complete Lucknow city.

Survey had to be completed in specified period of two months. So the results obtained

are for a period of two months only.

Some of the outlet owners were not cooperative while giving their responses.

The responses of some outlet owners were biased.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

WWW.GOOGLE.CO.IN

WWW.YAHOO.COM

QUESTIONNAIRE

“Comparative study of refrigerators of various companies in Lucknow city.”

Personal Details:-

Name………………………………………

Gender

A. Male

B. Female

Age Group-

A. 0-20 B. 20-30 C. 30-45 D. 45 And above

Occupation-

A. Student

B. Service Man

C. Business Man

D. Other

Family income (Monthly Basis)

A. Up to 20000

B. B. 20000-40000

C. C. 40000-60000

D. D. 60000 And above

SURVEY DETAILS:

Que.1- Are you user of refrigerator?

a) Yes

b) No

Que.2- How you aware about refrigerator?

a) News paper

b) television

c) Internet

d) Others

Que.3- Which company’s refrigerator you use?

(a) Whirlpool

(b) (b) LG

(c) (c) Samsung

(d) (d) Videocon

(e) (e) Others

Que.4- Why are you prefer this company’s refrigerators?

(a) By working

(b) By design

(c) By cost

(d) Others

Que.5- On which basis you purchase refrigerator?

(a) Price

(b) Usage

Que.6- According to you what is the perfect characteristics of refrigerators?

a) Low price

b) Well working

c) Design

d) All above

Que.7- Which company is providing better service of refrigerators?

(a) Whirlpool

(b) LG

(c) Samsung

(d) Videocon

(e) Others

Que.8- In which season refrigerator is mostly used?

(a) Summer

(b) Winter

(c) Rainy

Que.9- Which level of people are most user of refrigerators?

(a) High level

(b) Middle level

(c) Low level

(d) High and Middle

Que.10- For which purpose you like to purchase the refrigerators?

(a) For home purpose

(b) For commercial purpose

(c) Others