Detailed Syllabus . First Semester SOT101: Engineering ...

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Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering

Assam University, Silchar

Detailed Syllabus .

First Semester

SOT101: Engineering Mathematics

Unit 1: Vector: Scalar triple product, vector triple product. Directional derivative, Gradient, divergence

and curl of vector function and their properties. Green’s theorem, Stocke’s and divergence

theorem (statement only with simple applications).

Unit 2: Co-ordinate Geometry: Transformation of axes: Translation, rotation, rotation followed by

translation, pair of straight lines, Homogeneous and non-homogeneous form, angle between two

straight lines. Systems of circles, orthogonal circles, radical axis, co-axial circles, limiting points.

Parabola, ellipse and hyperbola and their properties, condition of tangency in each case,

diameter, conjugate diameter and their related properties for central conics. Director circle,

auxiliary circle and eccentric angle, conjugate and rectangular hyperbola, tracing of conics.

Unit 3: Real Analysis: Sequence, Limit of a sequence, Limit theorems, squeeze theorem, Monotone

sequence, Monotone convergence theorem, Cuchy convergence criterion, Infinite series,

convergence of infinite series, comparison test, root test, Raabe’s test, logarithmic test, uniform

convergence, properties of uniform convergence, Fourier series.

Unit 4: Differential calculus: Limits and continuity of a function, Boundedness of a function,

Intermediate value theorem, Differentiability, Maxima and minima of a function, Rolles theorem

and mean value theorem, increasing and decreasing functions, intermediate forms.

Unit 5: Integral Calculus: Improper integral of first and second kind, comparison test, Absolute

convergence, application of definite integral: Area between two curves. Curve tracing, area

between curves when their equations are given in polar co-ordinates. Double integrations, triple

integration (simple applications).

Text books: 1. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley & Sons

2. Thomas and Finney , Calculus and analytical geometry, Narosa

3. B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics

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SOT102: Engineering Physics

Unit 1, Classical Physics:

Properties of areas: Moments of inertia and product of inertia of areas, polar moment of inertia,

principal axes and principal moments of inertia.

Concept of stress and strain: Normal stress, shear stress, state of stress at a point, ultimate

strength, allowable stress, factor of safety; normal strain, shear strain, Hooke’s law, Poisson’s

ratio, generalized Hooke’s law; analysis of axially loaded members.

Surface tension: Angle of contact, excess of pressure inside a spherical surface, capillary rise,

determination of surface tension by Jaegers’ method.

Viscosity: Stream line and turbulent motion, coefficient of viscosity, critical velocity, Poiseulle’s

equation for flow of liquid through a tube, viscometer.

Unit 2, Optics:

Optics : interference, thinfilms – testing of the optical planeness of surface, Young’s double slit

experiment – coherent sources – lasers, intensity in Young’s experiment, interference in thin

films, Newton’s ring and Michelson interferometer.

Diffraction: Fraunhofer – diffraction at single slit, diffraction at a circular aperture, diffraction at

double slit, diffraction gratings, resolving and dispersive power of a grating.

Polarisation : production and detection of circularly and elliptically polarized light, Quarter and

half wave plates, optical activity, specific rotation, Lorentz half shade polarimeter,

Determination of specific rotation and strength of sugar solution.

Unit 3, Heat and Thermodynamics: Second law of thermodynamics (it’s different formulations), entropy, relation between entropy

and probability, Kelvins absolute scale of temperature, thermodynamic relations and their

applications,Maxwell’s law of distribution of velocity and its experimental verification, most

probable velocity, root mean square velocity, average velocity and their relations.

Basic features of black body radiation spectrum, Wien’s displacement law, Rayleigh-Jean’s law,

ultraviolet catastrophy, Planck’s law.

Unit 4, Solid State Physics:

Crystal structure: Seven systems of crystals, Bravais space, lattice, crystal structure (bee, fee and

sc) lattice dimensions, lattice planes, and miller indices and their significance, X-rays-absorption

of X-rays diffraction, Bragg’s law. Bragg’s X-ray spectrometer.

Unit 5, Modern Physics:

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Lasers: Coherence – temporal and spatial, Einstien’s spontaneous and stimulated emission,

population inversion, laser gain (pumping), spectral narrowing in lasers coherence length,

different types of laser source and their applications.

Quantum theory: Wave particle, duality and uncertainty principle, Schrodinger equation and its

application to particle in a box and harmonic oscillator.

Text books: 1. D. S. Mathur, Elements of properties of matter, S. Chand & Co.

2. Jenkins and White, Fundamentals of Optics, McGraw Hill

3. B. B. Land, Lasers and Non-linear Optics, Wiley Eastern Ltd

4. Charks Kittle, Introduction to Solid State Physics, John Wiley & Sons

5. B. V. Narayana Rao, Modern Physics, Wiley Eastern Ltd

6. M.W. Zemansky, Heat & Thermodynamics, McGraw Hill

7. Chottopadhyay and Rakshit, Quantum Mechanics, Statistical Mechanics and Solid

State Physics

SOT103: Economics and Human Development

Unit 1, Introduction to Economics:

What is Economics? Relationship of Economics and Engineering, Concept of Demand and

Demand Function, Supply and Supply Function, Utility and Utility Function

Unit 2, Theory of Cost and Production:

Concepts and types of Costs, Derivation of Cost Function and Profit Maximization, Start-run and

Long-run behaviour of Production, Analysis and Properties of ISO quant, Meaning and Types of

Production Function.

Unit 3, Price output determination under different market structure:

Perfect competition, Monopoly, Monopolistic competition and oligopoly

Unit 4, Theory of Distribution:

Derived demand, Factor price determination: wage, rent, capital, service, profit

Unit 5, Human Development and Economic Development:

Meaning, difference between Human Development (HD) and Human Resource Development

(HRD), Human Development Index (HDI) and its measurement, Human Development and

sustainable Growth, Human Development and Governance, Millennium Development Goals

(MDG).

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Text books: 1. A. Koutsoyianis, Modern Micro-economics, McMillan

2. Henderson and Qnout, Microeconomic Theory: A Mathematical Approach, McGraw Hill

3. R. P. Barthwal, Microeconomic Analysis, Willey Eastern

4. Hahbub ul Haq, Reflections on Human Development, Oxford University Press

5. J. Field, Social Capital, Routledge

SOT104: Environmental Science

As prescribed in the Assam University undergraduate courses in PG departments

SOT105: Communication Skill in English

Unit 1, Phonetics and Phonology of English:

How speech organs work in English, Vowel sounds in the English language, Consonant sounds

in the English language, Sound sequence: Diphthongs and Consonant clusters, Word accent in

English, Stress and intonation in English, Accent and rhythm in connected speech

Unit 2, The basic grammatical structure of English:

Word order, Sentence types, Tense, Transformation of Sentences, Voice, Usage

Unit 3, Technical Communication:

Process of Communication; Process of letter writing; Resume, Social correspondence, Types of

Reports, Structure of formal reports, Elements of Style, Use of illustrations, Making

presentations

Unit 4 and 5, Group discussion.

Text books: 1. P. Balasubhramaniam, Phonetics for English Students

2. J. D. O’Connar, Better English Pronunciation

3. David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language

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4. John Selly, Oxford Guide to Writing & Speaking

SOT106: Engineering Chemistry

Unit 1:

Thermodynamics of Chemical Processes: Concept of entropy, Chemical potential, Equilibrium

conditions for closed systems, Phase and reaction equilibria, Maxwell relations, Real gas and real

solution. Electrochemical cells and EMF, Applications of EMF measurements:

Unit 2:

Thermodynamic data, activity coefficients, solubility product and pH, corrosion. Kinetics of

Chemical Reactions: Reversible, consecutive and parallel reactions, Steady state approximation,

Chain reactions, Photochemical kinetics.

Unit 3:

Bonding Models in Inorganic Chemistry: Molecular orbital theory, Valence-bond theory, Crystal

field theory. Coordination Chemistry: Coordination numbers, Chelate effect, Coordination

complexes and application, Bio-inorganic chemistry: Metal ions in Biological systems,

environmental aspects of Metals, NOx, CO, CO2.

Unit 4:

Fundamentals of Microwave, IR and UV-VIS Spectroscopy: Basic concepts of spectroscopy,

Selection rule, Determination of molecular structure.

Unit 5:

Organic Reaction Mechanism: Mechanisms of selected organic, bio-organic, polymerization and

catalytic reactions. Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds: Selected Organic Compounds:

Natural products and Biomolecules (Amino acids/nucleic acids/proteins).

Text books: 1. J. D. Lee, Inorganic Chemistry

2. Lewis, Physical Chemistry

3. I. L. Finar, Organic Chemistry (Vol. 1 & 2), Pearson Education

SOT109: Engineering Drawing

Introduction to IS code of drawing; Conics and Engineering Curves – ellipse, parabola,

hyperbola, cycloid, trochoid, involute; Projection of lines – traces, true length; Projection of

planes and solids; solid objects – cube, prism, pyramid, cylinder, cone and sphere; Projection on

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Auxiliary planes; Isometric projection, isometric scale; Section of solids – true shape of section;

Introduction to CAD tools – basics; Introduction of Development and Intersection of surfaces.

Text books: 1. N. D. Bhatt, Engineering Drawing

Second Semester

SOT201: Advanced Engineering Mathematics-I

Unit 1: Ordinary Differential Equations: Solution of 1

st order and 1

st degree differential equations by

exact method. Integrating factors, Leibnitz’s linear equation, Bernoulli’s equation, differential

equation of 1st

order and of higher degree, Clairaut’s equation, differential equations of 2nd

and

higher order with constant co-efficients, method of variation of parameters for solving 2nd

order

differential equations.

Unit 2: Partial Differential Equations: formulation and classification of p.d.e.s, Lagranges’s and

Charpits method, characteristic curves and surfaces, four standard forms of non-linear equations,

linear equations with constant co-efficient, canonical forms, wave equations and heat equations,

Laplace equation in Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical co-ordinates, cylindrical and spherical

co-ordinates, variable separable method.

Unit 3: Laplace Transformations: Standard unit step functions, periodic functions-convolution theorem

application to ordinary differential equation with constant coefficient. Fourier series solution of

wave equation, Separation of variables method to solve heat equation, Laplace equation,

Diffusion equation; Integral transform method to solve 2nd order p.d.e.

Unit 4: Complex Variables: complex number and functions, limit, continuity, derivative of a complex

function, analytic function. Cauchy-Riemann equations, harmonic function, complex integration,

line integral in complex plane, Cauchy’s integral theorem. Cauchy’s Integral formula, power

series, radius of convergence of a power series, Taylor series and Maclaurins series, Laurent

series.

Unit 5: Numerical Analysis: Error in numerical methods, round-off error, truncation error (definition

only), interpolation, Lagrange interpolation formula, Newton Divided difference, Newton

forward and backward interpolation formula, Numerical solution to non-linear equations,

Bisection method, Newton-Raphson method, Sectant method, Fixed point iteration method,

Numerical differentiation, Numerical Integration, rectangle rule, Mid-point rule, trapezoidal rule,

Simpson’s rule, Simpson’s 3/8th

rule.

Textbooks: 1. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley Eastern.

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2. V. Krishnamurthy, V. P. Mainra. And J. L. Arora, An Introduction to Linear algebra,

Affiliated East-West.

3. Boyce and R. C. Diprima, Elementary differential equations and Boundary Value

Problems, Wiley.

4. Thomas and Finney, Calculus and Analytical Geometry, Narosa

5. B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics

SOT202: Engineering Mechanics

Unit 1: Force systems: Moment of a force about a point and about an axis; couple moment; reduction of

a force system to a force and a couple.

Equilibrium: Free body diagram; equations of equilibrium; problems in two and three

dimensions; plane frames and trusses.

Unit 2: Friction: Laws of Coulomb friction, problems involving large and small contact surfaces; square

threaded screws; belt friction; rolling resistance.

Kinematics and Kinetics of particles: Particle dynamics in rectangular coordinates cylindrical

coordinates and in terms of path variables; central force motion.

Properties of areas: Moments of inertia and product of inertia of areas, polar moment of inertia,

principal axes and principal moments of inertia.

Unit 3: Concept of stress and strain: Normal stress, shear stress, state of stress at a point, ultimate

strength, allowable stress, factor of safety; normal strain, shear strain, Hooke’s law, Poisson’s

ratio, generalized Hooke’s law; analysis of axially loaded members.

Torsion: Torsion of cylindrical bars, torsional stress, modulus of rigidity and deformation.

Unit 4: Flexural loading: Shear and moment in beams; load, shear and moment relationship; shear and

moment diagrams; flexure formula; shear stress in beams; differential equation of the elastic

curve, deflection of beams.

Transformation of stress and strain: Transformation of stress and strain, principal stresses,

principal strains, Mohr’s circle for stress and strain.

Unit 5: Combined loading: Axial and torsional; axial and bending; axial, torsional and bending.

Column: Buckling of slender columns, Euler bucking load for different end conditions.

Textbooks: 1. J. L. Meriam and L. G. Craige. Engineering Mechanics (Vol. 1 and 2) John Willey.

2. F. P. Beer and R. Johnston. Vector Mechanics for Engineers: Statics and Dynamics

McGraw Hill

3. H. Shames. Engineering Mechanics. Prentice Hall.

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4. Timoshenko and D. H. Young. Engineering Mechanics. McGraw Hill.

SOT203: Computer Systems and Programming

Unit 1:

Introduction to Computer: Overview of Computer organization and historical perspective of computer applications in

various fields of science and management. Concepts of the finite storage, bits, bytes, kilo, mega

and gigabytes. Data representation: Number systems, character representation codes, Binary,

hex, octal codes and their inter conversions.Binary arithmetic, Floating-point arithmetic, signed

and unsigned numbers.

Unit 2:

Introduction to Programming: Concept of algorithms, Flow Charts, Data Flow diagrams etc., Introduction to the Editing tools

Programming using C: Concept of variables, program statements and function calls from the library, data types, int,

char, float etc., declarations and expressions, arithmetic operation, relational and logical

operations, C assignment statements, extension of assignment of the operations. C primitive

input output functions, C Statements,

Unit 3:

Control Statements: Branching: conditional execution using if, else. switch and break statements may be mentioned.

Looping: Concept of loops, example of loops in C using for, while and do-while. continue may

be mentioned. One dimensional arrays and example of iterative programs using arrays, 2-d

arrays Use in matrix computations.

Unit 4:

Functions: Concept of Sub-programming, functions Example of functions. Argument passing, Recursion

Pointers: Pointers, relationship between arrays and pointers, Argument passing using pointers,

Array of pointers, Passing arrays as arguments.

Unit 5: Structures and Unions: Defining C structures, passing strings as arguments Programming

examples. Unions

Data Files: Concept of files, file operations – opening, closing, reading, writing and processing,

Binary files

Textbooks: 1. Rajaraman, Fundamentals of Computers, Prentice Hall of India, 3

rd Edition.

2. Venugopal & Prasad, Mastering C, TMH, 2006

3. Yashwant Kanetkar, Let us C, BPB Publications, 2nd

Edition, 2001.

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References: 1. Alexis Leon & Mathews Leon, Fundamentals of Computer Science &

Communication Engineering, Leon Techworld, 1998.

2. Godfried, Computer Programming in C,

3. Kernighan & Ritchie, C Programming Language, The (Ansi C Version), PHI, 2nd Edition.

SOT204: Electrical Technology

Unit 1:

Introduction: Sources of energy; General structure of electrical power systems, Power transmission and

distribution via overhead lines and underground cables, Steam, Hydel, Gas and Nuclear power

generation.

Unit 2:

DC Circuits: Kirchoff’s laws, node voltage and mesh current methods, Delta-star and star-delta conversion,

Superposition principle, Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems.

Unit 3:

Single phase AC Circuits: Single phase EMF generation, average and effective values of sinusoids, solution of R,L,C series

circuits.

The j operator, complex representation of impedances, phasor diagram, power factor, power in

complex notation, solution of parallel and series – parallel circuits.

Unit 4:

Electrical Measuring Instruments: DC PMMC instruments, shunt and multipliers, multimeters, Moving iron ammeters and

voltmeters, dynamometer, wattmeter, AC watt-hour meter, extension of instrument ranges.

Unit 5:

Electrical Machines: Introduction to magnetic circuits, transformers, DC and AC motor principles,

Textbooks: 1. P.C. Sen, Principles of Electric Machines and Power Electronics, Wiley Eastern 2003.

2. Vincent DEL TORO, Electrical Engineering Fundamental’s Prentice Hall India, Ed 2002.

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SOT205: Values and Ethics

Unit 1: Facts and Values, Moral and non-moral values, Ethics and Morality. Moral frameworks:

Utilitarianism, Rights/Duty Ethics, Virtue Ethics, Normative Ethics and Applied Ethics.

Unit 2: Science, Technology and Human values. Crisis of values in contemporary context, Need for

values in global change, Trans-cultural human values, Technology and Personal and social

values, Human centred technology. Problems of Technology transfer. Ethics on IPR.

Unit 3: Possibility of an ethics for the animate and inanimate. Animal ethics, Bio-ethics, Medical Ethics,

Human Gene Therapy: Scientific and Ethical considerations. Cloning.

Unit 4: Professional and Business Ethics. Ethical issues in Engineering practice. Codes of professional

ethics. Conflicts between business demands and professional ideals: Case studies. Ethics in

Corporate Sectors, Managerial Ethics

Unit 5: Environmental Ethics. Technological growth and its impact on Environment. Environmental

degradation and pollution. Environmental Regulations. Concept of Sustainable Development.

Eco-friendly technologies. Energy crisis and renewable energy resources. Ethics of the Eco-

System.

Textbooks: 1. T. L. Beauchamp. Philosophical Ethics. An Introduction to Moral Philosophy. Georgetown

University. McGraw Hill.

2. Peter Singer. Practical Ethics. Cambridge University Press.

3. Mike W. Martin. Ethics in Engineering. McGraw Hill.

4. Michael Bayles. Professional Ethics. Wadsworth.

5. Bruce O. Watkins and Meador Roy. Technology and Human Values: Collision and

Solution. AnnArbor Science.

6. Dr. Subir Chowdhury. Blending the best of the East & West. EXCEL

7. Ghosh. Ethics & Mgmt. & Indian Ethos. VIKAS.

8. Pherwani. Business Ethics. EPH

9. Balachandran, Raja & Nair. Ethics, Indian Ethos & Mgmt., Shroff Publishers

.

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SOT206: Basic Electronics

Unit 1: Junction Diode: p-n junction, V-I characteristics, diode resistance, capacitance, switching time,

diode applications. Breakdown mechanism, Zener and avalanche, break down characteristics,

Zener diode and its applications, rectifiers & voltage regulator.

Unit 2: Transistor: Bipolar junction transistor, CE, CB and CC configurations and characteristic curves,

Fixed and Self Biasing Circuits. Junction field Effect Transistor, MOSFET, working of

Depletion and Enhancement types of MOSFET, transfer characteristics.

Unit 3: Operational Amplifier (OPAMP): Ideal OPAMP, their characteristics, differential amplifier,

Inverting and Non Inverting amplifier, Common mode rejection ratio (CMMR), slew rate,

Application of OPAMP, Summer, Subtractor, Differentiator, and Integrator.

Unit 4: Digital Electronics: Number systems, conversion of bases, Boolean Algebra, logic gates,

Concept of universal gate, Karnaugh Maps, SR Flip-Flops, JK Flip-Flops D Flip-Flops, T Flip-

Flops, Counter, Johnson Counter, Modulo 5 counter, Decade Counter.

Unit 5: Electronics Instruments: Electronic voltmeter, Ammeter, Function Generator Digital

Multimeter and their applications, CRO and its applications, Transducer definition, Different

types of transducers, resistive transducer, capacitive transducer, inductive transducer, LVDT,

Strain Gauge.

Textbooks: 1. J. Millman and Halkias, Electronic devices and circuits TMH, 1999.

2. Salivahanan, Suresh Kumar, Vallavaraj, Electronic devices and circuits TMH, 1999

References: 1. J. Millman and Halkias, Integrated Electronics, Analog & Digital Circuits & Systems,

TMH – 2000.

2. Boylestad & Nashelsky, Electronic Devices & Circuit Theory, PHI – VIth Edition.

3. Sedra & Smith, Micro Electronic Circuits Oxford, University Press, 2000

4. J.B.Gupta, Electronic Devices & Circuits, S. K. Kataria, IInd Edition.

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SOT207: Computer Programming (C-Language) Lab.

Experiments should include but not limited to:

1. Write a program to produce ASCII equivalent of given number

2. Write a program to find divisor or factorial of a given number.

3. Write a program to evaluate the following algebraic expressions after reading necessary values

from the user

� (ax+b)/(ax-b)

� 2.5 log x-cos 30+|x2-y

2|+sqrt (2xy)

� (x5+10x

4+8x

3+4x+2)

4. Write a program to find sum of a geometric series

5. Write a program to cipher a string

6. Write a program to check whether a given string follows English capitalization rules

7. Write a program to find sum of the following series

1+ ½ + 1/3 +________+1/20

8. Write a program to search whether a given substring exist in an input string or not and then

delete this string from input string.

9. Write a recursive program for tower of Hanoi problem

10. The Fibonacci sequence of numbers is 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8……. Based on the recurrence relation

F(n)=F(n-1)+F(n-2) for n>2

Write a recursive program to print the first m Fibonacci number

11. Write a menu driven program for matrices to do the following operation depending on

whether the operation requires one or two matrices

a) Addition of two matrices

b) Subtraction of two matrices

c) Finding upper and lower triangular matrices

d) Trace of a matrix

e) Transpose of a matrix

(f) Check of matrix symmetry

(g) Product of two matrices.

12. Write a program that takes two operands and one operator from the user perform the

operation and then print the answer

13. Write a program to print the following outputs:

1 1

2 2 2 2

3 3 3 3 3 3

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

14. Write functions to add, subtract, multiply and divide two complex numbers (x+iy) and (a+ib)

Also write the main program.

15. Write a menu driven program for searching an sorting with following options:-

a) Searching (1) Linear searching (2) Binary searching

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b) Sorting (1) Insertion sort (2) Selection sort

16. Write a program to copy one file to other, use command line arguments.

17. Write a program to mask some bit of a number (using bit operations)

18. An array of record contains information of managers and workers of a company. Print all the

data of managers and workers in separate files.

SOT208: Electrical and Electronics Lab

List of Electrical Experiments

1. Verification of Thevenin’s theorem

2. Verification of Superposition theorem

3. Phasor Diagram and Power factor of LCR circuit.

4. Measurement of Power and Power factor in single phase Load using three

ammeters/voltmeters.

5. Calibration of Energy Meter/Wattmeter/Voltmeter/Ammeter

6. Two wattmeter method of measuring power in three phase circuit (resistive load only)

7. Load test on Single Phase Transformer, Regulation and Efficiency of Transformer

8. Short Circuit/Open Circuit tests on Single Phase transformer

9. Measure the armature and field resistance of a D.C. Machine

10. Connection and starting of a Three Phase Induction Motor using direct on line or Star

Delta Starter.

11. Starting and Speed Control of a D.C. shunt motor

12. Resonance

Electronic Experiments Practical will be based on Analog Electronics.

Some lab experiments must be performed using any circuit simulation software e.g. PSPICE.

SOT209: Workshop Technology Wood and Wood Working (Carpentry): Classification and conservation of wood, common

varieties of Indian timber, defects in timber, carpentry tools, auxiliary materials used in

carpentry.

Bench Work and Fitting: Operations commonly used in bench and fitting work, description and

use of vices, hammers, chisels, files, scraper, hacksaw, punches, measuring and marking tools,

reamers, punches, gauges.

Manufacturing Processes: Classification of manufacturing processes, manufacturing and basic

definitions, industrial safety, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, steels and alloy steels, heat

treatment of metals and alloys.

Smithing and Forging: introduction, forging materials, heating devices, hand tools and

appliance, smith forging operations.

Welding and Related Processes: Introduction, weldability, types of welding, metallurgy of

weld, gas welding, arc welding, resistance welding, solid state welding, soldering, brazing,

welded joints and edge preparation, safety in welding.

Workshop Practices:

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1. Sawing and simple joints, planning

2. Chipping marking and filing

3. Forging operation

4. Welding joint preparation

5. Metal arc welding and gas welding practice

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Third Semester

ETC301: Advanced Engineering Mathematics-II

Part A:

Unit 1: Statistics Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation; Samples Space; Correlation, Covariance;

Sampling theory: Random sampling. Parameter, Statistic and its Sampling distribution. Standard

error of statistics.

Unit 2: Probability Definition of Probability; Conditional Probability; General Multiplication Theorem; Independent

Events; Bayes' Theorem; Random Variable; Discrete and Continuous Probability Distributions -

Probability mass function; Probability density function; Distribution Function; Expectation;

Variance; Probability Distribution—Binomial, Poisson and Normal. Correlation and Regression.

Unit 3: Fourier Series and Fourier Transform Introduction, Periodic functions, Even and odd functions, Special waveforms, Eulers formulae

for Fouriers coefficients, Dirichlet’s conditions and sum of the Fourier series, Half range Fourier

series.

Fourier Transform: Fourier Transform and its properties, Inverse Fourier Transform (Statement

only), Fourier Transform of derivatives (Statement only), Convolution theorem (Statement only).

Related problems.

Part B: Graph Theory

Unit 4: Introduction to Graph Theory: Graphs, Digraphs, Isomorphism, Walks, Paths, Circuits,

Shortest Path Problem, Dijkstra's Algorithm, Trees, Properties of Trees, Cotrees and

Fundamental Circuits.

Unit 5:

Graph Theoretic Algorithms and Applications: Shortest Spanning Trees - Kruskal's Algorithm, Prims Algorithm, DFS, BFS, Cut Sets,

Fundamental Cut Sets and Cut Vertices, Planar and Dual Graphs, Metric Representation of

Graphs, Networks, Flow Augmenting Path, Ford-Fulkerson Algorithm for Maximum Flow.

Textbooks: 1. Das N.G.: Statistical Methods, TMH.

2. Grewal B S: Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers.

3. James G.: Advanced Modern Engineering Mathematics, Pearson Education.

4. Lipschutz S., and Lipson M.L.: Probability (Schaum's Outline Series), TMH.

5. Deo N., Graph Theory with Applications to Engineering and Computer Science, PHI, 1980

References:

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1. Balakrishnan, Graph Theory (Schaum),MH

2. Hararay, Graph Theory

3. Kreyzig E.: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley and Sons.

4. Potter M.C, Goldberg J.L and Aboufadel E.F.: Advanced Engineering Mathematics, OUP.

ETC 302: Electromagnetic Wave Theory

Unit 1: Fundamentals of Vector Algebra, Vector Calculus, Physical Interpretation of Differential Vector

operations, Green's Theorem, Divergence & Stoke's Theorem, concept of scalar & vector Fields.

Unit 2: Electrostatics, Gauss Law, Electric Potential, Laplaces'& Poissons' Equation, Boundary value

problems, Method of Images, Energy storage in Electric Field.

Unit 3: Magnetostatics, Faradays Law ,Amperes Law Dielectric & Magnetic Media, Biot Savart's Law,

Magnetic Vector Potential, Relationship Between ES & MS Fields.

Unit 4: Equation Of Continuity For Steady & Time Varying Currents, Maxwell's Law, Displacement Current

& Displacement Current Density, Wave Equation, Phasor Concept for Time Harmonic Fields, Plane

Waves in Simple Media & Lossy Media, Imhomogeneity & Ansotropy.

Unit 5: Polarization, Poincare sphere, reflection & refraction at different Interfaces, Brewsters' Angle, Total

Internal Reflection. Poynting Theorem,- General & Complex, Power & Power Density, Case studies

for Power Flow Calculations. Magnetic current concept, Herz Potentials, Equivalence of Electric &

Magnetic sources.

Text Books:

1. Principles of Electromagnetics, 4th Edition, Matthew O H Sadiku, Oxford University Press.

2. Electromagnetic Waves Shevgaonkar, Tata-McGaw-Hillr –R K

Reference Books:

1. Engineering Electromagnetics, 2ed Edition - Nathan Ida, Springer India

2. Fields & Waves in Communication Electronics, S. Ramo, J. R. Whinnery & T. Van Duzer,

John Wiley

3. Electromagnetic Theory & Applications, A. K. Saxena, Narosa Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.

4. Electromagnetics, 2ed Edition – J A Edminister, Tata-McGraw-Hill.

5. Engineering Electromagnetics, 7thEdition-W.H.Hayt & J.A.Buck, Tata-McGraw-Hill

ETC303: Solid State Device

Unit 1:

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Energy Bands and Charge Carriers in Semiconductors- Energy bands, E-k diagram; carrier

charge and concentration; carrier drift, diffusion and recombination, quasi-Fermi energy level,

surface effects.

Unit 2: Transport phenomena in semiconductor junctions: Basic p-n junction and its fabrication;

junction current flow,, small signal model, generation and recombination junctions with non-

uniform doping, switching time, metal-semiconductor junctions and hetero-junctions.

Unit 3: Rectifier and detector diodes: Reversed-biased p-n junction, photovoltaic effect-solar cells,

zener and tunnel diodes; Varactor, Gunn and Impatt diode.

Unit 4: Bipolar Transistor: Physical mechanism, current gain, minority current distribution; Punch-

through and avalanche effect; High voltage and high power transistors; Frequency limitations,

high frequency transistors; CE, CB and CC configurations, Input and output characteristics (CE only).

Unit 5: Field Effect Transistors: JFETS, IJFETS and MOSFETs; V-I characteristics; MOS-capacitors,

flat band and threshold voltages; P and N-channel MOSFETS, Semiconductor sensors and

detectors. Elements of device fabrications technology. Opto-electronic Devices: Optical

absorption, photo-detectors, LEDs and LCDs, Laser diode.

Text Books :

1. Neamen- Semiconductor Physics and Devices TMH

2. Bhattacharya & Sharma- Solid State Electronic Devices- Oxford

3. Maini & Agrawal- Electronics Devices and Circuits- Wiley

Reference Books :

1. Milman, Halkias & Jit- Electronics Devices and Circuits- TMH

2. Bell-Electronics Devices and Circuits-Oxford

3. Dimitrijev- Semiconductor Devices- Oxford

4. Singh & Singh- Electronics Devices and Integrated Circuits –PHI

5. Bogart, Bisley & Rice- Electronics Devices and Circuits- Pearson

6. Kasap-Principles of Electronic Materials and Devices- TMH

7. Boylestad & Nashelsky- Electronics Devices and Circuit Theory- Pearson

8. Salivahanan, Kumar & Vallavaraj- Electronics Devices and Circuits- TMH

ETC304: Circuit & Network Synthesis

Unit 1: Introduction and Application of Graph theory in electrical networks. Solution of circuit problems

by Using Differential equation approach.

18



Passive circuit elements and their equilibrium equation, Kirchoff's Laws, Concepts of

independent voltage and current sources, controlled Sources. Node equation and Loop equation

Techniques.

Unit 2: Laplace transform. Transient respo9nse using Laplace transform. Initial and final value

theorems. Unit step, impulse, ramp functions. Laplace transform for shifted and singular

functions.

The convolution integral, Fourier series, complex exponential form of the Fourier series. The

frequency spectra of periodic waveforms and their relationship to Laplace transform.

Unit 3: Concept of steady state and transient Response. simple switched capacitor networks. Sinusoidal

steady state analysis of circuits. Frequency domain Analysis, Concept of phase and amplitude,

Vector Representations. Resonance.

Network Theorems: Superposition, Reciprocity, Thevenin's, Norton's & Maximum Power

Transfer etc. Tellegen's Theorem, Driving point impedance function for a passive one port and

their Positive real functions and their properties.

Unit 4: Introduction to synthesis of passive networks: Butterworths, Chebyshev and Bessel type low

pass, high pass, band pass and band rejection filters.

Open loop and closed loop systems, effects of feedback, Concepts of linear and non linear

systems. Definition of transfer function. Block diagram representation, Signal flow graphs.

Unit 5: Stability Criterion, Routh-Hurwitz criteria. Frequency domain specification: Bode plots, Polar

plots. Regulators and controllers: Proportional, PI and PID controllers.

Text Books:

1. M. E. Van Valkenburg, Network Analysis, Wiley International, New York.

2. F. F. Kuo, Network Analysis and Synthesis, John Wiley and Sons, New York.

3. K. Ogata, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi.

4. B. C. Kuo, Automatic Control Systems, Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi.

19



ETC305: Material Science

Unit 1: Introduction to materials. Metals and alloys, ceramics, polymers and semiconducting materials-

introduction and application as engineering materials.

Crystalline & amorphous solids, crystal structure & X-ray diffraction: periodic arrays of atoms,

fundamental type of lattices, crystal directions & planes, X-ray diffraction, Bragg's law structure

factor & atomic form factor of crystals, exptal methods, structure determination.

Unit 2: Mechanical properties, Tensile strength, Yield stremgth, elastic and viscleastic properties, creep,

stress relaxation and impact. Fracture behaoiur. Ductile fracture, Griffth theory, effect of heat

treatment and temperature on properties of metals. Deformation of metals,. Elastic and plastic

demformation, slip, twin, dislocation theory, critical resolved shear stress, deformation in

polycrystalline materials, season cracking, Bachinger’s effect, strengthing mechanics, work

hardening recovery, crystallization and grain growth, cold and hot working.

Unit 3: Heat treatment. Iron-carbon system. Annealing, normalizing, hardening, critical cooling rate,

hardenability, age hardening, surface hardening, tempering.

Unit 4: Dielectric properties of materials: polarization & dielectric constant, temperature dependence of

d.e.constant, internal field in solids & liquids, frequency dependence of d.e. constant, d.e. losses,

piezoelectricity: equivalent circuit and performance of piezoelectric crystals, crystal oscillators;

ferroelectricity Magnetic properties of materials: Diamagnetism, paramagnetism,

ferromagnetism. Exchange interactions, antiferromagnetism, ferrimagnetism and ferrites.

Magenetic resonance.

Unit 5: Thermoelectric properties of materials: Seebeck effect, Peltier effect, Thomson effect. Special

materials: Ceramics, polymers, ionic solids, molecular semiconductors, nanostructures and

nanomaterials, biomaterials and bioceramics.

Superconductivity: Superconducting phenomena, Meissner effect, type I & type II

superconductors, High TC superconductors, Josephson junction, SQUID. Interaction between

matter and fields.

Text Books: 1. L. A. Vanblack, Elements of Material Science and Engineering, Addison-Wesley, India.

2. V. Raghavan, Material Science and Engineering, Prentice-Hall of India (P) Ltd., New Delhi.

20



ETC306: Numerical Methods and Data Structure Lab

Numerical Methods lab: 1. Assignments on Algebric Equation: Bisection, Secant, Regular-falsi, Newton Raphson

2. Assignments on Interpolation: Newton forward & backward, Lagrange

3. Assignments on Numerical solution of a system of linear equation: Gauss elimination,

Gauss Jacobi, Matrix Inversion, Gauss Seidal

4. Assignments on Statistical Problem: Mean, Median, Mode, Standard deviation (for simple

& frequency type data), Correlation & Regression

Data Structure Lab: 10 Implementation of array operations,

20 Stacks and Queues: adding, deleting elements Circular Queue: Adding & deleting

elements Merging Problem: Evaluation of expressions operations on Multiple stacks &

queues :

30 Implementation of linked lists: inserting, deleting, and inverting linked list.

Implementation of stacks & queues using linked lists

40 Polynomial addition, Polynomial multiplication

50 Application of Trees, Application of sorting and searching algorithms

ETC307: Solid State Device lab

10 Familiarization of CRO (Cathode Ray Oscilloscope) and measure different type

signal’s (like dc, ac, triangular, saw tooth etc.) amplitude, frequency, phase etc.

20 Design common emitter amplifier circuit with p-n-p and n-p-n transistors and

deduce current gain (β). 30 Study of JFET drain and transfer characteristics.

40 JFET biasing arrangement Graphical method.

50 Build and Test JFET CS amplifier.

60 Find performance parameters for JFET amplifier - AV, Ri, RO.

70 Simulation of JFET CS amplifier using multisim/spice.

80 Input and Output Characteristics of BJT CE configuration. Find h parameters

from

characteristics.

90 Build and Test BJT in CE amplifier and find performance parameters - AV, Ri,

RO, AI

100 Simulation of BJT CE amplifier using multisim/spice

110 Find performance parameters for BJT amplifier - AV, Ri, RO, AI and compare

with

theoretical and practical results.

120 Study of MOSFET drain and transfer characteristics

130 Frequency response - For BJT/ FET single stage amplifiers - Effect of unbypassed

21



RE and RS. Effect of coupling and bypass capacitors on low frequency cut-off.

ETC308: Network Synthesis Lab

Different electrical circuit design and synthesis do by using MATLAB and PSPICE

software. 1.(a) Verification of Thevenin’s theorem.

(b) Verification of Norton’s theorems.

2. Verification of Maximum power theorem.

3. Verification of Superposition theorem

4. Study of R-L-C Series circuit

5. Study of R-L-C parallel circuit

22



FOURTH SEMESTER

ETC 401 SIGNAL AND SYSTEMS

Unit 1 Classification of signals and systems: Continuous Time signals (CT signals) – Discrete Time

signals (DT signals) Step – Ramp, Pulse – Impulse – Exponential –Classification of CT and DT

signals – Periodic and Aperiodic – Random signals – CT systems and DT systems – Basic

properties of systems – Linear time invariant systems and properties.

Unit 2 Analysis of continuous time signals: Fourier series analysis – Spectrum of CT signals –

Fourier transform and Laplace transform in signal analysis.

Unit 3 Linear time invariant– continuous time systems: Differential equation – Block diagram

representation – Impulse response – Convolution integral – Frequency response – Fourier and

Laplace transforms in analysis – State variable equations and matrix representation of systems.

Unit 4 Analysis of discrete time signals: Sampling of CT signals and aliasing – DTFT and properties –

Z-transform and properties of Z-transform, stability, causality of LTI systems.

Unit 5 Linear time invariant-discrete time systems: Difference equations – Block diagram

representation – Impulse response – Convolution sum – LTI systems analysis using DTFT and

Z-transforms – State variable equations and matrix representation of systems.

TEXT BOOKS 1. Ramakrishna Rao, P., “Signals and Systems”, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2008.

2. Allan V. Oppenheim, Wilsky, S, and Nawab, S. H., “Signals and Systems”, 8th

Edition, Pearson Education, 2007.

REFERENCES 1. Simon Haykins and Barry Van Veen., “Signals and Systems”, 16th Edition, John

Wiley and Sons, 2004.

2. Robert A. Gabel and Richard A. Roberts., “Signals and Linear Systems”, 3rd

Edition, John Wiley, 1987.

3. Rodger E. Ziemer, William H. Tranter and Ronald Fannin, D., “Signals &

Systems”, 4th Edition, Pearson Education, 2002.

23



4. Chen, C.T., “Linear System Theory and Design”, 14th Edition, Holt, Rinehart &

Winston, Inc, 1984.

ETC 402:- ANALOG ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS

Unit 1

Biasing of BJTs and FETs ,MOSFETS: Load lines (AC and DC), Operating Points, Fixed Bias

and Self Bias, Voltage Divider Bias ,DC Bias with Voltage Feedback, Bias Stabilization, Design

Operation.

Unit 2

Small signal modeling of CE,CB,CC of Bjt,CS,CD,CG of Mos with source resistors.

Unit 3 Concept of multi-vibrator: astable, monostable, and bistable and their applications.

Unit 4 Block diagram of IC555 and its working, IC555 as monostable and astable multi-vibrator.

Linear voltage regulator: series and shunt. Switched mode power supply.

Unit 5

V-I, I-V, V-F & F-V converters. VCO, PLL lock-in amplifier.

Text Book:

1. Millman & Halkias – Integrated El;ectronics, Tata McGraw Hill.

2. Franco—Design with Operational Amplifiers & Analog Integrated Circuits ,

3/e,TMH

3. Schilling & Belone—Electronic Circuit:Discrete & Integrated , 3/e ,TMH

4. Gayakwad R.A -- OpAmps and Linear IC’s, PHI

5. Coughlin and Drisscol – Operational Amplifier and Linear Integrated Circuits –

Pearson Education Asia.

Reference:

1. Malvino—Electronic Principles , 6/e ,TMH

2. Millman & Taub- Pulse, Digital & switching waveforms- TMH

3. Horowitz & Hill- The Art of Electronics; Cambridge University Press.

4. Hayes & Horowitz- Student Manual for The Analog Electronics; Cambridge

University Press.

5. Boyle’stead & Nashelsky: Electronic Devices & Circuit theory, PHI.

6. Millman & Halkias: Basic Electronic Principles; TMH.

7. Tobey & Grame – Operational Amplifier: Design and Applications, Mc Graw

24



Hill.

ETC 403:- DIGITAL ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS

Unit i Boolean Algebra And Minimization: Basic theorems – Boolean functions – Canonical and

Standard forms – Minimization techniques – K-map up to five variables – NAND and NOR

implementation – Exclusive- OR function - Hardware Description Language (HDL).

Unit ii Digital Logic Families :Switching operation of PN junction diode – bipolar and MOS devices –

Bipolar logic families – RTL – DTL – DCTL – HTL – TTL – ECL – MOS and CMOS – Tristate

logic Interfacing of CMOS and TTL families,fan-out,fan-in.

UNIT III Combinational Logic Design: Design using gates – BCD arithmetic circuits – Binary adder –

Subtractor – Multiplier –Divider – Design using MSI devices – Multiplexer and Demultiplexer

as logic elements – Encoder and decoder – Parity checker – Parity generator – Code converter –

Magnitude comparator.

Unit iv Sequential Logic Design: Flip Flops and their conversions – Analysis and synthesis of

synchronous sequential circuits – Excitation table – State table and state diagram – Design of

synchronous counters – Analysis of asynchronous sequential circuits – Reduction of state and

flow table – Race free state assignment – Design of Asynchronous counters – Timing diagram

– Shift registers and their applications.

Unit iv Memory Devices: Classification of memories – ROM organization – PROM – EPROM –

EEPROM – EAPROM – RAM organization – Write operation – Read operation – Memory cycle

– Timing wave forms – Memory decoding – Memory expansion – Static RAM Cell-Bipolar

RAM cell – MOSFET RAM cell – Dynamic RAM cell – Programmable Logic Devices –

Programmable Logic Array (PLA) – Programmable Array Logic (PAL) –Field

Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA).

TEXT BOOKS 1. Morris Mano M., “Digital Design”, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education, 2007.

2. John M Yarbrough, “Digital Logic Applications and Design”, Thomson Learning,

2002.

REFERENCES 1. John F.Wakerly, “Digital Design”, 4th Edition, Pearson/PHI, 2006

2. Charles H.Roth, “ Fundamentals of Logic Design”, Thomson Learning, 2003.

3. Donald P.Leach and Albert Paul Malvino, “Digital Principles and Applications”,

6th Edition, TMH, 2003.

25



ETC404:- COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE

Unit i Basic Structure Of Computers: Functional units – Basic operational concepts, bus structures,

software performance – Memory locations and addresses – Memory operations – Instruction and

instruction sequencing – Addressing modes – Assembly language – Basic I/O operations –

Stacks and queues.

Unit ii Arithmetic: Addition and subtraction of signed numbers – Design of fast adders –

Multiplication of positive numbers – Signed operand multiplication and fast multiplication –

Integer division – Floating point numbers and operations.

Unit iii Basic Processing Unit: Fundamental concepts – Execution of a complete instruction – Multiple

bus organization – Hardwired control – Micro programmed control – Pipelining – Basic concepts

– Data hazards – Instruction hazards – Influence on instruction sets – Data path and control

consideration – Superscalar operation.

Unit iv Memory System: Basic concepts – Semiconductor RAM, ROM – Speed, size and cost – Cache

memories – Performance consideration – Virtual memory – Memory management requirements

– Secondary storage.

Unit v I/O Organization: Accessing I/O devices – Interrupts – Direct Memory Access – Buses –

Interface circuits – Standard I/O interfaces (PCI, SCSI, and USB).

TEXT BOOK 1. Carl Hamacher, Zvonko Vranesic and Safwat Zaky., “Computer Organization”

5th Edition, TMH, 2002.

REFERENCES 1. William Stallings, “Computer Organization & Architecture –Designing for

Performance”, 6th Edition, Pearson Education, 2003 reprint.

2. David A. Patterson and John L. Hennessy, “Computer Organization & Design, the

hardware / software interface”, 2nd Edition, Morgan Kaufmann, 2002 reprint.

3. John P. Hayes, “Computer Architecture & Organization”, 3rd Edition, TMH,

1998.

26



ETC 405:-Control System

Unit 1 Introduction -Concepts Plant, Systems Servomechanism, regulating systems, disturbances,

Open loop control system, closed loop systems, linear and non-linear systems, time variant

&Invariant, continuous and sampled data control systems,

Unit 2 Modelling - Formulation of equation of Linear electrical, mechanical, thermal Pneumatic and

Hydraulic system, electrical, Mechanical analogies. Uses of Laplace transform, Transfer

function, concepts of state variable modelling. Block diagram representation signal flow graphs

and associated algebra, characteristics equation.

Unit 3 Time Domain Analysis and Stability - Typical test - input signal Transient response of the first

and second order systems. Time domain specifications, Dominant closed loop poles of higher

order systems. Steady state error and coefficients, Concept of absolute and relative stability,

Pole-zero location and stability. Routh-Hurwitz Criterion

.

Unit 4 Root Locus Technique and Frequency Domain Analysis -The extreme points of the root loci

for positive gain. Asympotes to the loci, breakway points, intersection with imaginary axis,

location of roots with given gain & sketch of the root locus plot ,closed loop frequency response,

bode plots, stability and loop transfer function. Frequency response specification relative

stability, relation between time and frequency response for second order systems. A and N-

circles, Log. Magnitude versus phases angle plot. Plot Nyquist criterion.

Unit 5 Compensation and Control Components: Necessity of compensation series and parallel

compensations, Compensating network, application of lag and lead compensation. Error

detectors- potentiometers and synchronous, servo motor A.C. and D.C. techno generators,

Magnetic amplifiers.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED 1. Modern Control Engg. by K. Ogata, Prentice Hall, New Delhi

2. Control System Components by J.F. Gibsen, Mcgraw Hill, .

3. Automatic Control System by B.C. Kuo, Prentice Hall, 3 Ed.

4.Control System Engineering by I.J. Nagrath & Gopal, Wiley Eastern Ltd.

27



ETC 406 :- ANALOG ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS LAB 1. Introduction: Study of characteristics curves of B.J.T & F.E.T .

2. Construction of a two-stage R-C coupled amplifier & study of it’s gain &

Bandwidth.

3. Study of class A & class B power amplifiers.

4. Study of class C & Push-Pull amplifiers.

5. Realization of current mirror & level shifter circuit using Operational Amplifiers.

6. Study of timer circuit using NE555 & configuration for monostable & astable

multivibrator.

7. Construction & study of Bistable multivibrator using NE555.

8. Study of Switched Mode Power Supply & construction of a linear voltage

regulator using regulator IC chip.

9. Construction of a simple function generator using IC.

10. Realization of a V-to-I & I-to-V converter using Op-Amps.

11. Realization of a Phase Locked Loop using Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO).

12. Study of D.A.C & A.D.C.

ETC 407:- DIGITAL ELECTRONIC LAB

1. Realization of basic gates using Universal logic gates.

2. Code conversion circuits- BCD to Excess-3 & vice-versa.

3 .4-bit parity generator & comparator circuits.

4. Construction of simple Decoder & Multiplexer circuits using logic gates.

5. Design of combinational circuit for BCD to decimal conversion to drive 7-

segment display using multiplexer.

6. Construction of simple arithmetic circuits-Adder, Subtractor.

7. Realization of RS-JK & D flip-flops using Universal logic gates.

8. Realization of Universal Register using JK flip-flops & logic gates.

9. Realization of Universal Register using multiplexer & flip-flops.

10. Construction of Adder circuit using Shift Register & full Adder.

11. Realization of Asynchronous Up/Down counter.

12. Realization of Synchronous Up/Down counter.

13. Design of Sequential Counter with irregular sequences.

14. Realization of Ring counter & Johnson’s counter.

15. Construction of adder circuit using Shift Register & full Adder.

ETC 408:- CONTROL SYSTEM LAB

28



10 Introduction to Control Systems Toolbox in MATLAB.

20 Plot the pole-zero configuration in s-plane for the given transfer function.

30 Determine the transfer function for given closed loop system in block diagram

representation.

40 Plot unit step response of given transfer function and find peak overshoot, peak time.

50 Plot unit step response and to find rise time and settling time.

60 Plot locus of given transfer function, locate closed loop poles for different values of k.

70 Plot root locus of given transfer function and to find out S, Wd, Wn at given root & to

discuss stability.

80 Plot Bode plot of given transfer function.

90 Plot Bode plot of given transfer function and find gain and phase margins.

100 Plot Nyquist plot for given transfer function and to compare their relative stability.

110 Plot the Nyquist plot for given transfer function and to discuss closed loop stability, gain

and phase margin.

ETC 501:- ANALOG ELECTRONICS CIRCUITS-II

29



Unit 1 Multistage Amplifiers: Need for multistage amplifier, Gain of multistage amplifier ,Different

types of multistage amplifier like RC coupled, transformer coupled, direct coupled, and their

frequency response and bandwidth

Unit 2 Large Signal Amplifier: Difference between voltage and power amplifiers, Importance of

impedance matching in amplifiers, Class A, Class B, Class AB, and Class C amplifiers Single

ended power amplifiers, push-pull amplifier, and complementary ,symmetry push-pull amplifier,

calculate poles and zeros,bodeplot and stability analysis.

Unit 3 Feedback in Amplifiers: Basic principles and types of feedback, Derivation of expression for

gain of an amplifier employing feedback, Effect of feedback (negative) on gain, stability,

distortion and bandwidth of an amplifier,RC coupled amplifier with emitter bypass capacitor,

Emitter follower amplifier and its applications

Unit 4 Sinusoidal Oscillators: Use of positive feedback, Barkhausen criterion for oscillations

Different oscillator circuits-tuned collector, Hartley Colpitts, phase shift, Wien’s bridge, and

crystal oscillator. Their working principles and simple numerical problems, Series and parallel

resonant circuits and bandwidth of resonant circuits, Single and double tuned voltage amplifiers

and their frequency response characteristics

Unit 5 Wave Shaping Circuits and Regulated DC Power Supplies: General idea about different

wave shapers, RC and RL integrating and differentiating circuits with their applications,

Multivibration Circuits- working principle of transistor as switch,- Concept of DC power

supply, Line and load regulation

RECOMMENDED BOOKS 1. Basic Electronics and Linear Circuits by NN Bhargava, Tata McGraw Hills, New Delhi

2. Electronics Principles by Malvino, Tata McGraw Hills, New Delhi

3. Electronic Devices and Circuits by Millman and Halkias, McGraw Hills, New Delhi

4. Basic Electronics by Grob, Tata McGraw Hills, New Delhi

5. Art of Electronics by Horowitz

6. Electronic Principles by Sahdev, Dhanpat Rai and Sons, New Delhi.

7. Electronic Circuit Theory by Boylstead

8. Electronic Devices and Circuits by BL Theraja, S Chand and Co Ltd. New Delhi

9. Operational Amplifiers and Linear Integrated Circuits by Ramakant A. Gaykwad

10. Electronics Devices and Circuits by Rama Reddy, Narosa Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., New

Delhi

11. Electronics Devices and Circuits-II by Naresh Gupta, Jyotesh Malhotra and Harish C. Saini,

Eagle Prakashan, Jalandhar

ETC 502:- ANALOG COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

30



Unit 1 SIGNALS AND SPECTRA: An Overview of Electronic Communication Systems, Signal and

its Properties, Fourier series Expansion and its Use, The Fourier Transform, Orthogonal

Representation of Signal.

RANDOM VARIABLES AND PROCESSES: Probability, Random variables, Useful

Probability Density functions, Useful Properties and Certain Application Issues

Unit 2 Amplitude Modulation Systems: Review of spectral characteristics of periodic and non-

periodic signals – Generation and demodulation of AM, DSBSC, SSB and VSB signals –

Comparison of amplitude modulation systems – Frequency translation – FDM – Non-linear

distortion.

Unit 3 Angle Modulation Systems: Phase and frequency modulation – Single tone – Narrow band and

wideband FM – Transmission bandwidth – Generation and demodulation of FM signal. Pulse

Modulation And Digital Transmission Of Analog Signal: pulse Amplitude Modulation and

Concept of Time division multiplexing ,Pulse Width Modulation and Pulse Position Modulation,

Signal conditioning-RZ,NRZ,Manchestor coding and there BW, Signal rate.

Unit 4 Noise Theory: Review of probability – Random variables and random process – Gaussian

process – Noise – Shot noise – Thermal noise and white noise – Narrow band noise – Noise

temperature – Noise figure.

Unit 5 Performance of CW Modulation systems: Superheterodyne radio receiver and its characteristic

– SNR – Noise in DSBSC systems using coherent detection – Noise in AM system using

envelope detection FM system – FM threshold effect – Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis in FM –

Comparison of performances.

TEXT BOOKS 1. Dennis Roddy and John Coolen., “Electronic Communication”, 4th Edition,

PHI,1995.

2. Herbert Taub and Donald L Schilling., “Principles of Communication Systems”,

3rd Edition, TMH, 2008.

REFERENCES 1. Simon Haykin., “Communication Systems”, 4th Edition, John Wiley and Sons,

2001.

2. Bruce Carlson., “Communication Systems”, 3rd Edition, TMH, 1996.

3. Lathi, B. P., “Modern Digital and Analog Communication Systems”, 3rd Edition,

Oxford Press, 2007.

4. John G. Proakis, Masoud Salehi., “Fundamentals of Communication Systems”,

5th Edition, Pearson Education, 2006.

31



ETC- 503 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION

Unit 1 Introduction, Advantages of Digital Transmission, Pulse Code Modulation; PCM Sampling,

Sampling Rate, Aliasing, quantization error, Uniform and Non uniform quantization, Dynamic

Range, Coding efficiency.

Unit 2 A law & µ law companding, Bandwidth of PCM, Block diagram of PCM system, Delta

Modulation, Continuously variable Slope Delta Modulator (CVSDM) or Adaptive Delta

Modulation, Differential Pulse Code Modulation, Intersymbol Interference, Eye Patterns, Signal

power in binary digital signals.

Unit 3 QPSK, Offset QPSK and π/4 QPSK,M-PSK,M-FSK, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

(QAM); 8 QAM & 16 QAM transmitters and receivers, Band Width efficiency, Differential

PSK,Constant Envelope Modulation; Minimum Shift Keying (MSK) & Gaussian Minimum Shift

Keying (GMSK),Calculation BW for all modulation schemes.

Unit 4 Coherent ASK Detector, Noncoherent ASK Detector, Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), FSK Bit

Rate and Baud, Bandwidth and Frequency Spectrum of FSK, FSK Transmitter, Non-coherent

FSK Detector, Coherent FSK Detector, FSK Detection using PLL, Binary Phase Shift Keying,

Binary PSK Spectrum, BPSK Transmitter, Coherent PSK Detection, Quadrature Phase Shift

Keying (QPSK), QPSK Demodulator, Offset QPSK, π /4 QPSK,channel coding –block

code/cyclic code.

Unit 5 Information Theory: Discrete messages and information content – Concept of amount of

information – Average information – Entropy – Information rate – Source coding to increase

average information per bit – Shannon-fano coding – Huffman coding – Lempel-Ziv (LZ) coding

– Shannon’s theorem – Channel capacity – Bandwidth – S/N trade-off – Mutual information and

channel capacity – Rate distortion theory – Lossy source coding.

.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS: 1. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, Fourth Edition, Wiley Publication

2 Tomasi, Electronic Communication Systems, Fourth Edition, Pearson Publications.

3. Gary M. Miller, Modern Electronic Communication, Sixth Edition, Prentice-Hall.

4. F. G. Stremler and Addison-Wesley, Introduction to Communication Systems, Third Edition.

5. E.A. Lee and D.G. Messerschmitt, Digital Communication, Kluwer Academic

Publishers.

6. H. Meyr, M. Moeneclaey and S.A. Fechtel, Digital Communication Receivers, Wiley

Publication.

32



7. J.Proakis, Digital Communications, Second Edition, Mc Graw Hill.

ETC-504 Microprocessor & Microcontroller

Unit 1

Microprocessor Architecture Microprocessor Architecture Memory, Input and Output Devices, The 8085 MPU, Example

of an 8085-Based Microcomputer, Memory Interfacing, The SDK-85 Memory System.

Interfacing I/O Devices:Basic Interfacing Concepts, Interfacing Output Displays, Interfacing

Input Devices,Memory- Mapped I/O, I/O Interfacing Circuits.

Unit 2

Programming the 8085: Introduction to 8085 Assembly Language Programming, The 8085 Programming Model,

Instruction Classification, Instruction Format. Data Transfer (Copy) Operations, Arithmetic

Operations, Logic Operations, Branch Operations,Writing Assembly Language Programs.

Unit 3 Stack and Subroutines: Stack, Subroutine, Conditional Call and Return Instructions

,Interrupts, The 8085 Interrupt, 8085 Vectored interrupts

Unit 4 General –Purpose Programmable Peripheral Devices:

The 8255A Programmable Peripheral Interface, Illustration: Interfacing Keyboard and Seven-

Segment Display, Illustration : Bi- directional Data Transfer between Two Microcomputers,

The 8254 Programmable Interval Timer, The 8259 A Programmable Interrupt Controller,

Direct Memory Access (DMA) and the 8257 DMA Controller, serial communication,

Programmable communications interface 8251, Digital- to- Analog (D/A) Converters, Analog-

to- Digital (A/D) Converters.

Unit v Introduction to Microcontrollers: Introduction, Microcontrollers and Microprocessors,

History of Microcontrollers and Microprocessors, Embedded versus External Memory Devices,

8-bit and 16-bit Microcontrollers, CISC and RISC.

8051 Microcontrollers – Pin Description, Connections, I/O Ports and Memory

Organization: Introduction, MCS-51 Architecture, Registers in MCS-51, 8051 Pin Description,

8051 Connections, 8051 Parallel I/O Ports, Memory Organization .

MCS-51 Addressing Modes and Instructions: 8051 Addressing Modes, MCS-51 Instruction

Set, 8051 Instructions and Simple Programs, Using Stack Pointer

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Ramesh S.Gaonkar, “Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and Applications with the

8085”, Penram International, Edition 3rd.

2. Badri Ram., “Advanced Microprocessors & Interfacing” , Tata MC Graw Hill, Edition 1st

33



3. Charles M.Gilmore, “Microprocessor Principles and Applications”, TMH Edition 1997.

Edition 2nd

4. Douglas V. Hall , “Microprocessors and Interfacing programming and Hardware, Edition 2nd

5. Ali Mazidi, “The 8051 Microocntroller and embedded Systems”

6. d. Keneth J.Ayla, “Microcontroller 8051” , Penram International Publishing (India)

7. Rajiv Kapadia, “8051 Microcontroller & Embedded Systems”., Jaico Publising House.

8. Ajay V. Deshmukh, Microcontrollers [Theory and Applications], Tata McGraw-Hill

Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2005.

ETC505 ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION

Unit 1

Introduction, Wave equation in terms of potential functions; Vector potential A for an

electric current source J & Vector potential F for a magnetic current source M

,Fundamental parameters of Antenna: Principle of Radiation, Radiation Pattern –

Isotropic, Directional and omni directional patterns; Principle Patterns and Secondary

lobes: Field regions: radiation field and Steradian.

Unit 2 Radiation Power Density; Radiation Intensity, Directivity, Gain, Antenna Efficiency, HPBW,

Beam efficiency, Bandwidth, Polarization – Linear, Circular and Elliptical Polarization. Noise

Figure and Noise Temperature. Effects of antenna height and effect of ground on performance of

antenna. Antenna effective length

Unit 3 Short Dipole and half wavelength Dipole – Current distribution, Radiated Fields, Power density

and Radiation resistance; radiating near field (Fresenel) and reactive near field region,

intermediate field and far field (Fraunhofer) region, Ground effects – vertical and horizontal

electric dipole, earth curvature. Loop Antenna and Horn Antenna (basics). Frequency

independent Antennas: Log periodic Dipole antenna and helical antenna (basics).

Unit 4

Antenna Arrays: Uniform linear arrays of isotropic elements, array factor and directivity.

Broadside & Endfire array, principle of pattern multiplication. Binomial array.

Microstrip Antenna – Basic Characteristics, Rectangular Patch, Circular Patch, Quality

factor bandwidth and efficiency, Feed to microstrip antenna: probe feed, microstrip line

feed, aperture feed (basic ideas).

Unit 5 Ground Wave, Sky Wave, Space Wave & Scatter Propagation with general application:

Propagation with general applications: Propagation Equations in Ground Waves: Attenuation

Factor, Transmission Coverage, Receiving Antenna for ground wave. Sky Wave Propagation:

34



Attenuation, Refractive Index, Conductivity and Permittivity, Electron Collision Frequency, D, E

& F Layers, Critical Frequency & MUF, skip distance, Curved Ionosphere, Propagation

Equation, Antennas for Sky Wave reception. Space Wave Propagation in the Troposphere: LOS

Range, Flat Earth Reflection with variable wavelengths and heights, Inverse Distance Equation,

Point of reflection on curved Earth, Curvature of space Waves in the Troposphere, Diffraction of

space waves, Duct Propagation, Fading of Space Waves. Antennas for Space wave Propagations.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Collin R.E, “Antennas and Radio Wave Propagation”, McGraw Hill.

2. K.D. Prasad, “Antenna and wave Propagation”, Satya Prakashan.

3. Jordan E.C, “Electromagnetics and Radiating Systems”, PHI.

4. Balanis C.A, “Antenna Theory”, John Wiley & sons

.

5. Krauss J.D, “Antenna Theory”, McGraw Hill.

ETC506 MICROPROCESSOR LAB

List of Experiments

1. Familiarization of 8085 kits.

2. Verification of arithmetic and logic operations using above kits.(At least 5 programs)

3. Development of interfacing circuits of various control applications based on 8085.

4. Application of assembly language using 8085 instructions set to develop various programs.

5. Applications of data movement instructions to develop relevant programs.

More experiments related to theory coarse.

6. Study of 8051/8031 Micro controller kits.

7.Write a program to add two numbers lying at two memory locations and display the result.

ETC 507 ANALOG COMMUNICATION LAB

1. Study of Amplitude Modulation & Demodulation techniques.

2. Study of Double Side Band Suppressed Carrier (DSB-SC) & Demodulation

technique.

3. Study of Single Side Band Suppressed Carrier (SSB-SC) & Demodulation

technique.

4. Study of Frequency Modulation & Demodulation.

5. Study of VCO (Voltage controlled oscillator) & PLL (Phase Locked Loop).

6. Study of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) & Demultiplexing.

7. Study of Noise Effect in Audio circuits & in communication system.

Determination of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR).

8. Study Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) & Demultiplexing.

9. Study of a Superhetrodyne Receiver.

35



ETC508 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION LAB

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Study of Time Division Multiplexing system.

2. Study of pulse code modulation and demodulation.

3. Study of delta modulation and demodulation and observe effect of slope overload.

4. Study pulse data coding techniques for various formats.

5. Data decoding techniques for various formats.

6. Study of amplitude shift keying modulator and demodulator.

7. Study of frequency shift keying modulator and demodulator.

8. Study of phase shift keying modulator and demodulator.

9. Error Detection & Correction using Hamming Code

Experiments can be performed also on Commsim or MATLAB.

36



Sixth Semester

ETC-601 : MICROWAVES ENGINEERING

Unit i

Introduction: microwave frequencies, systems and measurement, Electron motion in Em

field, impedance matching ,smith chart , vswr.

Unit ii Microwave Tubes-Limitations of conventional tubes, construction, operation and properties of

Klystron Amplifier, reflex Klystron, Magnetron, TWT, BWO, Crossed field amplifiers.

Unit iii Microwave Solid State Devices-Limitation of conventional solid state devices at MW,

Transistors (Bipolar, FET) , Diodes(Tunnel, Varactor,PIN), Transferred Electron Devices (Gunn

diode), Avalanche transit time effect (IMPATT, TRAPATT, SBD)

Unit iv Microwave Components-Analysis of MW components using s-parameters, Junctions (E plane,

H plane, Hybrid), Directional coupler,Bends and Corners, MW posts, S.S. tuners, Attenuators,

Phase shifter, Ferrite devices (Isolator, Circulator,Gyrator), Cavity resonator, Matched

Termination.

Unit v Microwave Measurement - Power measurements using calorimeters and

bolometers,Measurement of SWR, Frequency and wavelength microwave bridges.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED: 1) Microwave devices and circuits: Samuel Liao;PHI

2) Microwave devices and radar engg: M.Kulkarni;Umesh Publications

3) Foundation of Microwave Engg : R.E.Collin;McGraw Hill

4) Microwave Engg: K.C Gupta , PEARSONS EDU

5) Microwave Engg. Passive circuits: Peter A. Rizzi

37



ETC602 - MEASUREMENT & INSTRUMENTATION

Unit 1 Electronic Instruments -Electronic voltmeter,vaccum type voltmeter ,electronic multimeter

,AC voltage measurements, DC and AC current measurements. Diode sensor based instruments,

measurement of power at radio frequency,CRO; construction, synchronization, measurement of

voltage, current, phase & frequency,transient analysis

Unit 2 Instrument Transformer -Current and potential transformers, constructional features, ratio and

phase angle error, difference between C.T. and P.T.

Unit 3 Displays Devices and recorders - Recorders; x-y recorders, strip- chart recorders, magnetic and

potentiometric recorders. Digital displays; LED& LCD, Introduction to Data acquisition

systems.

Unit 4 Transducers - Terminology and definitions, classification; resistance, potentiometer,strain

gauges; theory of strain gauges, types of strain gauges, Thermistors; construction, resistance

temperature characteristics, voltage current and current time characteristics , application of

therimistor .

Unit 5 Thermocouple; construction, measurement of thermocouple output compensating circuits, its

advantages and disadvantages.LVDT ;advantages and disadvantages and uses. Capactive

transducer for measurement of liquid level and frequency response, its advantages and

disadvantages and uses. Piezoelectric transducer. Ultrasonic, optical, velocity, torque, pressure,

temperature, flow, humidity, moisture &chemical sensors.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED: 1. A.K. Sawhney, “Electrical and Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation”,

Dhanpat Rai and Sons.

2. B. Stout, “Basic Electrical Measurements”, Prentice-Hall. Inc.

3. WD. Cooper, “Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques”, Prentice-

Hall.

4. BE. Jones, “Instrumentation, Measurement and Feedback”, McGraw-Hill.

38



ETC- 603 - MICROELECTRONICS AND IC TECHNOLOGY

Unit 1 Introduction-General classification of Integrated circuits, advantages of IC’s over Discrete

Components, Computer Generations.

Unit 2 Thick Film and Thin Film Hybrid ICs - Features of Hybrid IC technology, Thick film

technology, Thick film processing. Thick film substrates, Thick film design, guidelines and

applications of thick film hybrids. Thin film technology, thin film processing, thin film design,

guidelines, advantages and applications of thin film hybrids.

Unit 3 Monolithic IC Processes - Refining and growth of silicon crystals, Silicon-Wafer preparation,

Diffusion of dopant Impurities, Defication system. Ion implantation Thermal oxidation.

Photolithography. Fine Line Lithography, Relative Plasma etching, Chemical Vapour deposition

(CVD) Silicon on insulators, Metallization

.

Unit 4 Monolithic Components - Epitaxial devices and their characteristics, Bipolar IC process. P-N

junction Isolation, Monolithic Bipolar transistor constructions. Dielectric isolation. Isopolar and

other IC structures, Monolithic Diodes, Monolithic Junction FETS, MOSFET technology, short

channel MOS structures, Typical NMOS IC technologies for VLSI chips. Complementary

Symmetry MOSFET technologies, Monolithic resistors. Monolithic capacitors, IC crossover,

Process Monitoring.

Unit 5 Basic Building Blocks for ICs - Bipolar Transistor current sources independent of supply

voltage variations.

Books Recommended: 1. K.R. Botkar, “Integrated circuits”, Khanna Publishers.

2. J. Millman, “Microelectronics”, McGraw-Hill.

3 S. M.Sze, “VLSI Technology”, McGraw Hill International Edition.

4. D. Nagchoudhuri, “Principles of Microelectronics Technology”, A. H. Wheele.

39



ETC-604: Telecommunications System

Unit 1 Introduction to satellite communication - Satellite orbits- satellite communication systems,Earth

stations- Applications: Surveillance, Navigation, Mobile Communication, Tv Broadcast, Satellite

Radio and Satellite Telephone-The Internet

Unit2 Mode of communication, calculation of path loss in a communication link-link budget

Unit 3 Introduction to fiber optic communication,Light wave communication systems – Fiber structure

and function types of Fiber – Optical Transmitter & Receiver –Fiber optic Data communication

systems.

Unit 4 Telephone System And Its Application - Telephones –Telephone system- Facsimile- Cellular

telephone system-Paging system –Integrated services Digital Networks (ISDN)

Unit 5 Cellular Radio - Citizens band Radio, Cordless Telephone, Improved Mobile Telephone Service

(IMTS), Introduction to Advanced Mobile Phone Service (AMPS), GSM – RF channels and time

slots – Voice transmission – Frequency Hopping - Subscriber ID module – GSM Privacy and

Security – IS-95 CDMA PCS – Channels – Forward Channel – Reverse Channel – Voice Coding

– Power Control – Hand-off and CDMA Security.

BOOKS

1. Louis.E.Frenzel, Communication Electronics– Principles and Application”, 3rd Editions, Tata

McGraw-Hill, 2002.

2. Roy Blake, “Wireless Communication Technology”, Thomson Delmar Learning,

REFERENCES

1. Wayne Tomasi,”Electronic Communication systems” 4th Edition, Pearson Education, 2001.

Marin Cole, “Introduction to Telecommunications –Voice, Data and Internet”, Pearson

Education, 2001.

40



ETC-605 - DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Unit 1 Continuous Time Signals:- Review of Fourier series & Fourier transform, sampling of

continuous time signals, Discrete Time Signals:- Linear time invariant systems, stability &

causality , linear constant coefficient difference equation, convolution , Z-Transform & its

properties, inverse z transform, Discrete Fourier transform and its properties, fast Fourier

transform, decimation in time and decimation in frequency algorithms.

Unit 2 Efficient Computation of the DFT: Fast Fourier Transform Algorithms Efficient

Computation of the DFT: FFT Algorithms: Direct Computation of the DFT, Radix-2 FFT

Algorithms: Decimation-In-Time (DIT), Decimation-In-Time (DIF); Applications of FFT

Algorithms: Efficient Computation of the DFT of two Real Sequences, Efficient Computation of

the DFT a 2N-Point Real Sequence, Use of the FFT Algorithm in Linear Filtering and

Correlation

Unit 3 Filter characteristics, Digital Filters:- Frequency domain representation of discrete time

systems, systems function, Ideal low pass filter. Design of IIR filters:- Impulse invariance

technique, Bilinear transformation. Design of IIR filters using butter worth, chebyshev and

elliptic filter digital frequency transformation

Unit 4 Design of FIR filters and Realization of Digital systems - Window technique, frequency

sampling technique, equirripple, approximate technique, comparison of FIR and IIR filters.

Block diagrams and signal flow graphs for FIR and IIR systems. Direct form, cascade and

parallel form for IIR

Unit 5 Adaptive Filters: Application of Adaptive Filters: System Identification or System Modeling,

Adaptive Channel Equalization, Adaptive Line Enhancer, Adaptive Noise Cancelling; Adaptive

Direct-Form FIR Filters-The LMS Algorithm: Minimum Mean Square Error Criterion, The LMS

Algorithm

BOOKS RECOMMENDED:

1. Digital Signal Processing – Principles, Algorithms and Applications by J. G. Proakis and

D. G. Manolakis, 4th Edition, Pearson. 2. Johnny R. Johnson, Introduction to Digital Signal Processing.

3. A. V. Oppenheim and R.W. Schafer, Digital Signal Processing, PHI Latest Edition.

4. A. V. Oppenheim and R.W. Schafer, Digital Signal Processing.

5. Sanjit and Mitra, Digital Signal Processing, Tata McGraw Hill.

6. A.V. Oppenheim and R.W. Schafer, Discrete Time Signal Processing,Pearson Education Ltd.

41



ETC606: GROUP DISCUSSION & SEMINAR PRSENTATION

ETC 607: MICROWAVE ENGINEERING LAB

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: 1. Determination of phase and group velocities in a waveguide carrying TE10 Wave from

Dispersion diagram [ω−β Plot].

2. Measurement of unknown load impedance using shift in minima technique using a waveguide

test bench. (Using the mathematical calculation and smitch chart)

3. Study of the characteristics of a Reflex Klystron oscillator

4. Study of Gunn-oscillator Characteristics using X-band waveguide test bench.(V-I

Characteristics, Power variation with frequency, and gunn bias)

5. Measurement of coupling factor, Directivity, Insertion loss and Isolation of a Directional

coupler using X-band waveguide test bench set up.

6. Scattering matrix of a magic tee / E-plane tee / H-plane tee using waveguide test bench at X-

band.

7. Measuring of dielectric constant of a material using waveguide test bench at X-band.

ETC 608:-DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS 1. Hands on experience on MATLAB

2. Hands on experience on DSP training kits.

3. Obtain Fourier transform of an analog signal.

4. Obtain discreet Fourier transform of a finite duration signal.

5. Design on IIR low pass filter using butter worth technique.

6. Design FIR low pass filter.

7. Display filtered signals in time domain.

8. Determine the spectral characteristics of speech.

42



Seventh Semester

ETC 701 : POWER AND INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS.

Unit 1 Characteristics of Selected Devices - Fast recovery diodes, Schottky diode, SCR, gate trigger

and commutation circuits, heat sinks, protection circuits, series and parallel connection of SCRs,

Diac, Triac, UJT, Power MOSFETs.

Unit 2 Controlled Rectifier - Half wave and full wave with resistive & R-L-E and resistive-inductive

loads. Free-wheeling diode, three Phase rectifiers, Bridge rectifiers -half controlled and fully

controlled.

Unit 3 Inverter, Chopper And Cyclo-converter - single phase and three phase inverters, introduction

to series and parallel inverters. Mc-murray Bedford inverters, principle of chopper operation,

control strategies, types of chopper, Jones And Morgan Chopper, cycloconverter: single phase

bridge cycloconverter and its advantages and disadvantages

Unit 4 Motor Control - D.C. and A.C. motor control, reversible drives, closed loop control,

commutatorless d.c. motor control.

Unit 5 A.C. Voltage Controllers - Types of AC Voltage Controllers, Integral cycle control, single

phase voltage controller, Sequence control of AC voltage (Transformer tap changers)

BOOKS RECOMMENDED: 1. P.C. Sen, “Power Electronics”,Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Co., Ltd

2. S.K. Dutta, “Power Electronics and Control” Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd

3. P.S . Bimbra, “ Power Electronics” , Khanna publishers

4. Mohammed h Rashid, “ Power Electronics Circuits Devices and Applications” ,PHI , New

Delhi

5. M D Singh and K .B.khanchandani, “Power Electronics”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing

Co., Ltd

43



ETC-702- VLSI Design Systems & Circuits

Unit 1

Evolution of VLSI Technology and present stage and its limitation, Review

microelectronics, design requirement, combinational logic, MOS transistor Enhancement &

depletion mode transistors,CMOS processes,BiCMOS technology,transit voltage of CMOS

inverter,NM.

Unit 2 MOS Transistors: Parameters pass transistor, NMOS inverters, CMOS Inverters, MOS

Transistor circuit model, Latch up in CMOS circuits, Basic gates, Depletion & enhance mode

pull ups,pull down transistor.

Unit 3 MOS Circuit Design Processes: MOS layers stick diagrams, design rules and layout,delay

calculation of inverter,NAND gate ,NOR gate etc under different technology.

Unit 4 Basic circuit concepts-Sheet resistance concept applied to MOS transistors and Inverters Area

Capacitance of layers,Inverter delays, Super buffers, propagation delays, miniaturization of

CMOS Technology and its consequencies.

Unit 5 Subsystem Design and Layout-Switch logic, gate logic, inverter, two input NMOS,CMOS and

BICMOS NAND and NOR gates, Design of Combinational Circuits, PLA Design of Sequential

Circuits –two phase clock dynamic ,shift registers, register to register transfer, Finite State

Machines.

.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED: 1. Debaprasad Das, VLSI Design, Oxford University Press.

2. Murarka & Peckerar-- Electronic Materials, Science & Technology.

3. VLSI Design by Pucknell

4.VLSI Design by Banarjee

ETC-703 Computer And Data Networking

44



Unit 1 Brief Introduction: Uses of computer Networks, Network Hardware, Network software, OSI

and TCP/IP reference Models,Novell Netware, ARPA Networks, NSF NET, Internet

Communication services, SMDS, X. 25 ISDN ,Network standardization. -232c and RS-449

switching circuits, virtual circuits, Narrow band, ISDN.

Unit 2 Data Link Layer: Design issues, Elementary data link protocols, sliding window protocols,

protocol specifications, Data link layer in the internet and ATM.

Unit 3 Medium Access Sub Layer: Channel allocation problems, ALOHA, Carrier Sense Multiple

Access Protocol, CSMA/CD, CDMA

Unit 4 Network Layer: Design issues, Routing Algorithm, congestion control algorithm Internet

working, the network layer in the Internet.

Unit 5 Transport Layer: Services, protocols, Performance issues,Application Layer: Network

security, DNS, SNMP, Electronic Mail, World Wide Web, Multimedia.

BOOKS RECOMMENDED: Computer Networks by Andrew S. Tanebaum (3rd Edition), PHI.

Data and computer communications, 5th

Ed,W.Stallings,PHI

LIST OF ELECTIVES

ELECTIVE I (ETC704):

ETC704A Telecommunication Network Management

ETC704B Biomedical Instrumentation

ETC704C Higher Power Semiconductor Devices

ETC704D Integrated Circuits and Systems

ETC704E Wireless Communication

ELECTIVE II (ETC705):

ETC705A Data Base Management System (DBMS)

ETC705B Artificial Intelligence

ETC705C Image Processing

ETC705D Information Theory and Coding

ETC705E Switching Theory and Fault Diagnosis

ETC704A Telecommunication Network Management.

Unit 1

45



Introduction: Network management standards, network management model, organization model, information

model abstract syntax notation 1 (ASN.1), encoding structure, macros, functional

model,Network management application functional requirements: Configuration

management, fault management, performance management, Error correlation technology,

security management.

Unit 2

Telecommunication management network (TMN) architecture: Terminology, functional architecture, information architecture, physical architecture, TNN cube,

TMN and OSI.

Unit 3

Common management information service element (CMISE): CMISE model, service definitions, errors, scooping and filtering features,synchronization,

functional units, association services, common management information protocol (CMIP)

specification .

Unit 4

Information Modeling for TMN: Rationale for information modeling, management information model, object oriented modeling

paradigm, structure of management information, managed object class definition, management

information base (MIB) .

Unit 5

Simple network management protocol: SNMPv1: managed networks, SNMP models, organization model, information model, SNMPv2

communication model, functional model, major changes in SNMPv2, structure of management

information (SMI), MIB, SNMPv2 protocol, compatibility with SNMPv1, SNMPv3,

architecture, applications, MIB security, remote monitoring (RMON) SMI and MIB, RMQN1

and RMON2.

Recommended Books:

Text Books: 1. Network Management: Principles and Practice - Mani Subramanian, Addison Wesley, Pearson

Education Asia publication.

2. Fundamentals of Telecommunication Network Management - Lakshmi Raman IEEE

Communication Society, Prentice Hall of India Edition 1999

3.Telecommunication Network Management: Technologies and Implementations - Airdarous Salah,

Plevyak Thomas. Prentice Hall of India

4. Telecommunication Network Management - Haojin Wang

Mc- Graw Hill Professional Publication

ETC704B Biomedical Instrumentation

Unit 1

46



What is bioengineering: Engineering versus Science, Bioengineering, Biochemical

Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, and Career Opportunities? Medical Instrumentation:

Sources of Biomedical Signals, Basic medical Instrumentation system, Performance

requirements of medical Instrumentation system, use of microprocessors in medical instruments,

PC based medical Instruments, general constraints in design of medical Instrumentation system

& Regulation of Medical devices.

Unit 2

Bioelectrical Signals & Electrodes: Origin of Bioelectric Signals, Electrocardiogram,

Electroencephalogram, Electromyogram, Electrode-Tissue Interface, Polarization, Skin Contact

Impedance, Motion Artifacts. Electrodes for ECG: Limb Electrode, Floating Electrodes,

Prejelled disposable Electrodes, Electrodes for EEG, Electrodes for EMG.

Unit 3

Physiological Transducers: Introduction to Transducers, Classification of Transducers,

Performance characteristics of Transducers, Displacement, Position and Motion Transducers.

Unit 4

Strain gauge pressure transducers, Thermocouples, Electrical Resistance Thermometer,

Thermister, Photovoltaic transducers, Photo emissive Cells & Biosensors or Biochemical

sensor

Unit 5

Recording Systems: Basic Recording systems, General considerations for Signal conditioners,

Preamplifiers, Differential Amplifier, Isolation Amplifier, Electrostatic and Electromagnetic

Coupling to AC Signals, Proper Grounding (Common Impedance Coupling)

Text Books:-

1. Introduction to Biomedical Engineering by Michael M. Domach, Pearson Education Inc,-2004

2. II-Hand Book of Biomedical Instrumentation-2nd

Ed by R.S.Khandpur, Tata McGraw Hill,

2003.

Reference Books:

(1) Introduction to Biomedical equipment technology, 4e. By JOSEPH.J.CAAR

& JOHN M.BROWN (Pearson education publication)

(2) Medical Instrumentation-application & design. 3e – By JOHN.G.WEBSTER

John Wiley & sons publications

(3) Leslie. Cromwell – Biomedical instrumentation & measurements, 2e PH

I (4) Dr. M. Arumugam – Biomedical instrumentations, Anuradha Publishers.

ETC704C Higher Power Semiconductor Devices

Unit 1

47



Introduction - need for high speed devices and circuits ,High Speed = Short transit time

Short Review of Quantum theory, Bohr theory of atoms, quantum mechanics'

postulates , Quantum mechanical understanding of a particle in potential wells .

Unit 2

Block theorem and Kroeing Penney model of periodic potential wells, energy band theory

of solids E-K diagrams, Brillonim zones, idea of Holes and effective mass Mobility of

carriers, intervalley electron transfer or Gunn effect, Ballisti transport Density of states in

energy bonds and carrier statistics , Generation - Recombination process Diffusion and

carrier transport

Unit 3

Basic theory of p-n junction diodes, transient response of diodes Varactor Diodes, PIN

diodes Schottky barrier diodes,

Unit 4

IMPATT diodes ,Gunn diodes, MESFETs and its characteristics, applications.

Unit 5

MBE & MOCVD for fabricating compound semiconductor devices.

Reference

1. Fundamentals of Semiconductor Theory and Device Physics Shyh Wang, Prentice Hall.

ETC704D Integrated Circuits and Systems

Unit 1

48



OPAMP architecture: Two stage architecture, differential amplifier, input impedance, CMRR,

active loading,compensation bandwidth consideration, offset voltages and currents, slew

rate,poles and zeros and frequency comparisation.

Unit 2 Linear application of Opamp, positive and negative feedback, inverting and non

inverting amplifier, voltagefollower, summing amplifier, phase shifter, voltage to current

converter.

Unit 3

Active filters: Low pass, high pass, band pass and band reject filters, Butter worth and

Chebychev approximation.ADC/DAC: Converter: ADC dual slope, counter, successive

approximation and flash type. DAC weighted R-2R networks, introduction to ADC/DAC ICs.

Unit 4 Non linear application of Opamp: Comparator, Schmitt trigger, (inverting and non -inverting),

astablemultivibrator, monostable multivibrator (retriggerable and non

retriggerable), triangular wave generator, precisionrectifier, peak detector, log amplifier.

Unit 5 Schmitt trigger, PLL architecture and applications, VCO architecture and applications, IC

voltage regulators(fixed and variable).

Text Books: 1.J. Milman and A. Grable, Microelectronics, 2/e, McGraw Hill, 1988.2.

2.Ramakant Gayakwad,Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits, 4/e, PHI, 2006.3. M. Roden, G.

Carpenter, W. Wieserman,

3.Electronic Design (from concept to reality), 4/e, Schoff Publishersand Distributors, 2002.

Reference Books: 1.S. Franco,Design with Operational Amplifiers and Analog Integrated Circuits,TMH,

1988.2.Bell,

2.Operational Amplifiers and Linear Ics , 2/e, PHI, 2006.3. Coughlin and Driscoll,

3.Operational Amplifiers and Linear Integrated Circuits, 6/e, PHI, 2006.

ETC704E Wireless Communication

Unit 1

Evolution of mobile radio communication fundamentals. Large scale path loss:

propagation models, reflection, diffraction, scattering, practical linkbudget design using

49



path loss model.Small scale fading & multipath propagation and measurements,

impulseresponse model and parameters of multipath channels, types of fading, theory of

multi-path shape factor for fading wireless channels.

Unit 2

Introduction to wireless networks, 2G, 3G wireless systems, wireless standards.

.

Unit 3

.

Frequency reuse, channel assignment strategies, handoff strategies, interference and system

capacity, improving coverage and capacity in cellular systems,cell design,cell splitting.

Unit 4

Spread spectrum modulation techniques: Pseudo-noise sequence, direct sequence spread

spectrum (DS-SS), frequency hopped spread spectrum(FHSS), performance of DS-SS,

performance of FH-SS, modulation performance in fading and multipath channels, fundamentals

of equalisation, equaliser in communication receiver, survey of equalisation techniques, linear

equaliser, linear equaliser, non-linear equalisation, diversity techniques, RAKE receiver.

Unit 5 Characteristics of speech signals, quantisation techniques, vocoders, linear predictive coders,

time division multiple access, space division multiple access, and frequency division multiple

access.

Text Book: 1. T.S. Rappaport, “Wireless Communication-Principles and practice”, Pearson

Reference Books: 1. Willium C. Y. Lee, “Mobile communication Design and fundamentals”

2. D. R. Kamilo Fehar, “Wireless digital communication”

3. Haykin S & Moher M., “Modern wireless communication”, Pearson, 2005

ELECTIVE II (ETC705):

ETC705A Data Base Management System (DBMS)

50



Unit 1 Introduction: File & Data Base Concept, Overview of DBMS, Data Models, Database

Administrator, Database Users, Schema, Data Independence. Entity-Relationship Model: Basic

concepts , Keys, Entity-Relationship Diagram, Cardinality ratios, Strong & Weak Entity Sets,

Specialization, Generalization, Aggregation. Relational Model: Procedural & Non Procedural

Languages, Relational Algebra, Extended Relational Algebra Operations, Views, Modifications

Of the Database, Relational Calculus.

Unit 2 SQL: Basic Concepts, Set operations, Aggregate Functions, Null Values, assertions, views,

Nested Sub-queries, Cursors, Stored procedures and triggers.

Integrity Constraints & Introduction to RDBMS: Domain Constraints, Referential Integrity

Constraints, Codd’s rule. Functional Dependencies and Normalization: Functional Dependency,

Armstrong’s axioms, Canonical Cover, Closure, Full and Partial Functional dependencies, Prime

& Non Prime attribute, 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, Multi valued Dependency, 4NF, 5NF, DKNF.

Unit 3 Storage Strategies: Single-Level Index (primary, secondary, clustering), Multi-level Indexes,

Dynamic Multi-level Indexes, Hashing Techniques, B tree and B+ tree . Query Optimization:

Full Table scan, Indexed-based scan, Merge join, Nested loop join , Equivalence rules , Heuristic

Optimization , Cost Based Optimization.

Unit 4 Transaction & Concurrency Control: Transaction concept, ACID properties, Conflict & View

serializabilty, Test for Conflict serializability, Concurrency Control, Lock base protocols, Two

phase locking. Backup & Recovery: Physical & Logical Backup, Transaction logs, Causes of

failures , Recovery techniques.

Unit 5 Distributed Databases: Basic Concepts, Data Fragmentation, Replication and Allocation

Techniques, Types of Distributed Database Systems, Query Processing, Overview of Client-

Server Architecture and Its relationship to Distributed Databases.

Textbooks: 1. Henry F. Korth and Silberschatz Abraham, Database System Concepts, Mc.Graw Hill.

2. Elmasri Ramez and Novathe Shamkant, Fundamentals of Database Systems, Benjamin

Cummings Publishing. Company.

3. Date C. J., Introduction to Database Management, Vol. I, II, III, Pearson

4. Ramakrishnan, Database Management System, McGraw-Hill

5. Kroenke, Database Processing, PHI

References: 1. Alexis Leon & Mathews Leon, Database Management Systems, Leon Vikas .

2. Bipin C Desai, An Introduction to Database Systems, Galgotia .

51



3. Arun K.Majumdar, Pritimay Bhattacharya, Database Management Systems, Tata McGraw

Hill

ETC705B Artificial Intelligence

Unit 1 Introduction : Overview of Artificial intelligence- Problems of AI, AI technique, Tic - Tac -

Toe problem.

Intelligent Agents : Agents & environment, nature of environment, structure of agents, goal

based agents, utility based agents, learning agents.

Problem Solving : Problems, Problem Space & search: Defining the problem as state space

search, production system, problem characteristics, issues in the design of search programs.

Search techniques : Solving problems by searching :problem solving agents, searching for

solutions; uniform search strategies: breadth first search, depth first search, depth limited search,

bidirectional search, comparing uniform search strategies.

Unit 2 Heuristic search strategies: Greedy best-first search, A* search, memory bounded heuristic

search: local search algorithms & optimization problems: Hill climbing search, simulated

annealing search, local beam search, genetic algorithms; constraint satisfaction problems, local

search for constraint satisfaction problems.

Adversarial search: Games, optimal decisions & strategies in games, the minimax search

procedure, alpha-beta pruning, additional refinements, iterative deepening.

Unit 3 Knowledge & reasoning: Knowledge representation issues, representation & mapping,

approaches to knowledge representation, issues in knowledge representation.

Using predicate logic: Representing simple fact in logic, representing instant & ISA

relationship, computable functions & predicates, resolution, natural deduction.

Representing knowledge using rules: Procedural verses declarative knowledge, logic

programming, forward verses backward reasoning, matching, control knowledge.

Unit 4 Probabilistic reasoning : Representing knowledge in an uncertain domain, the semantics of

Bayesian networks, Dempster-Shafer theory, Fuzzy sets & fuzzy logics.

Planning : Overview, components of a planning system, Goal stack planning, Hierarchical

planning, other planning techniques.

Natural Language processing : Introduction, Syntactic processing, semantic analysis, discourse

& pragmatic processing. Learning : Forms of learning, inductive learning, learning decision

trees, explanation based learning, learning using relevance information, neural net learning &

genetic learning.

Unit 5 Expert Systems : Representing and using domain knowledge, expert system shells, knowledge

acquisition. Basic knowledge of programming language like Prolog & Lisp.

52



Textbooks: 1. Ritch & Knight, Artificial Intelligence, TMH

2. Stuart Russel Peter Norvig, Artificial Intelligence A Modern Approach,

3. Patterson, Introduction to Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems, PHI

References: 1. Poole, Computational Intelligence, OUP

2. Saroj Kaushik, Logic & Prolog Programming, New Age International

3. Giarranto, Expert Systems, VIKAS

4. Russel, Artificial Intelligence, Pearson

ETC705C Image Processing

Unit 1

53



Introduction: Background, Digital Image Representation, Fundamental steps in Image

Processing, Elements of Digital Image Processing - Image Acquisition, Storage, Processing,

Communication, Display.

Digital Image Formation : A Simple Image Model, Geometric Model- Basic Transformation

(Translation, Scaling, Rotation), Perspective Projection, Sampling & Quantization - Uniform &

Non uniform.

Unit 2 Mathematical Preliminaries: Neighbour of pixels, Connectivity, Relations, Equivalence &

Transitive Closure; Distance Measures, Arithmetic/Logic Operations, Fourier Transformation,

Properties of The Two Dimensional Fourier Transform, Discrete Fourier Transform, Discrete

Cosine & Sine Transform.

Unit 3 Image Enhancement : Spatial Domain Method, Frequency Domain Method, Contrast

Enhancement -Linear & Nonlinear Stretching, Histogram Processing; Smoothing Averaging,

Mean Filter, Low-pass Filtering; Image Sharpening. High-pass Filtering, High-boost Filtering,

Derivative Filtering, Homomorphic Filtering; Enhancement in the frequency domain - Low pass

filtering, High pass filtering.

Unit 4 Image Restoration: Degradation Model, Discrete Formulation, Algebraic Approach to

Restoration - Unconstrained & Constrained; Constrained Least Square Restoration, Restoration

by Homomorphic Filtering, Geometric Transformation - Spatial Transformation, Gray Level

Interpolation.

Unit 5 Image Segmentation: Point Detection, Line Detection, Edge detection, Combined detection,

Edge Linking & Boundary Detection - Local Processing, Global Processing via The Hough

Transform; Thresholding - Foundation, Simple Global Thresholding, Optimal Thresholding;

Region Oriented Segmentation - Basic Formulation, Region Growing by Pixel Aggregation,

Region Splitting & Merging.

Textbooks: 1. Gonzalves, Digital Image Processing, Pearson

2. Jahne, Digital Image Processing, Springer India

3. Chanda & Majumder, Digital Image Processing & Analysis, PHI

References: 1. Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, PHI

2. Sonka, Image Processing, Analysis & Machine Vision, VIKAS

ETC705D Information Theory and Coding

Unit 1

54



Elements of information theory Source coding theorem, Huffman coding, Channel coding theorem, channel capacity theorem,

Shanonfano theorem, entropy, self-information and information and calculation of entropy.

Unit 2

Sampling Process Base band and band pass sampling theorems reconstruction from samples, Practical

aspects of sampling and signal recovery TDM .

Unit 3 Channel coding Linear block codes, cyclic codes and convolution codes Viterbi decoding

algorithm and trellis codes

Unit 4

Decoding of linear block code,cyclic code,convolution coding,Viterbi,trellis code.

Unit 5

Comparision of Mpsk with and without channel coding for bandwidth,bit rate, Eb/no.

Books Recommended: 1. Principles of digitals communication: J. Dass. , S.K. Malik & P.K. Chatterjee

2. Introduction to the theory of Error correcting codes: Vera Press

3. Information Theory and Reliable Communication: Robert G. Gallanger Mc Graw Hill

4. Related IEEE/IEE publication

ETC705E Switching Theory and Fault Diagnosis

55



unit 1

Number Systems and codes - Boolean algebra - Postulates and theorems - Constants,variables

and functions - Switching algebra - Electronic gates and mechanical contacts Boolean functions

and logical operations - Normal and canonical forms - Self-dual functions - Logical operations -

Karnaugh map - Prime cubes - Minimum sum of products and product of sums - Quine-

McClusky algorithm.

unit 2

Combinational Logic - Analysis and design of combinational logic circuits - Universal property

of the NAND and NOR gates – Adders - Parallel adders and look-ahead adders – Comparators -

Decoders and encoders - Code conversion - Multiplexers and demultiplexers - Parity generators

and checkers - ROMs, PLAs

unit 3

Fault diagnosis and tolerance - Fault classes and models - Fault diagnosis and testing - Test

generation - Fault table method - Path sensitisation method - Boolean difference method - Fault-

tolerance techniques. Programmable logic arrays - PLA minimization - Essential prime cube

theorem - PLA folding - Design for testability

unit 4

Counters and shift registers - SR, JK, D and T flip-flops - Excitation tables - Triggering of flip-

flops applications - Latches .

unit 5

Ripple counters - Synchronous counters - Up-down counters - Design of

sequential circuits - Counter decoding - Counter applications - Shift registers and their

applications – Clock mode sequential machine - State tables and diagrams

Text books

1. Biswas N.N., Logic Design Theory, Prentice Hall of India (modules I, II & III)

2. Floyd T.L., Digital Fundamentals, Universal Book Stall (module IV)

Reference books

1. Leach D, Malvino A P & Saha-Digital Principles and Applications, 6th Ed, Tata McGraw Hill

2. Kohavi Z., Switching & Finite Automata Theory, Tata McGraw Hill

3. Marcovitz, Alan, Introduction to Logic and Computer Design, Tata McGraw Hill

4. Taub, Herbert. & Schilling., Digital Integrated Electronics, McGraw Hill

Eight Semester

56



ETC-801 INDUSTRIAL MANAGEMENT

Unit 1 Basic concepts of management, objectives, classification and hierarchy, different schools of

management thought, principal functions of management, Management as an organizing and

directing force.

Unit 2 Structure of the management decision making process, Organization structure, authority and

responsibility, Organization dynamics, Managerial leadership, communication systems.

Unit 3 Managing human factors in business and industry, Industrial relation, Union activities, trade

union acts, collective bargaining, procedure.

Unit 4 Organizational objectives and long range forecasting, planning, organizing, programming and

controlling process, managerial control strategies; quantity and quality control, cost benefit

analysis, present work and breakeven analysis, budgetary control, use of

Unit 5 Management science for the efficient administration of economic units, production, financial and

marketing management. Adoption of statistical and computer methods and techniques to

managerial research and managerial decision making and general management.

Books:

1. Industrial Management - S C Jain, W S Bawa, Dhanpat Rai & Co. (P) Ltd.

2. Industrial Management, Vol.1 L.C. Jhamb, EPH,

3. Industrial Engineering & Production Management - Martand Telsang, S. Chand

4. Industrial & Business Management - Martand T. Telsang, S. Chand

5. Introduction to Materials Management - J Tony Arnold & Stephen N. Chapman, Pearson

Education Asia

6. Production & Operations Management – Adam, Pearson Education /PHI

7. Industrial Relations, Trade Unions & Labour Legislation - Sinha, Pearson Education Asia

ELECTIVE SUBJECTS

ELECTIVE III (ETC802):

57



ETC802A Electronic Design Automation (EDA) Tools for VLSI Circuits

ETC802B Embedded System

ETC802C Quantum Computing

ETC802D Advance Communication with Satellite Communication

ETC802E Satellite & Optical Network Management

ELECTIVE IV (ETC803):

ETC803A Nanotechnology & Nano-Electronics

ETC803B Distributed Computing

ETC803C Data Warehousing and Data Mining

ETC803D Principles of Electromagnetic and Electrostatic Compatibility

ETC803E Electronic Sensors and MEMS

58



ELECTIVE III(ETC802)

ETC802A Electronic Design Automation (EDA) Tools for VLSI Circuits

Unit 1

Introduction to VLSI Methodologies - VLSI Physical Design Automation - Design and

Fabrication of VLSI Devices - Fabrication process and its impact on Physical Design.

Unit 2

A Quick Tour of VLSI Design Automation Tools - Data structures and Basic Alogrithms -

Algorithmic Graph theory and computational complexity - Tractable and Intractable

problems

Unit 3 General purpose methods for combinational optimization - partitioning - floor planning and pin

assignment - placement - routing.

Unit 4

Simulation-logic synthesis -Verification-High level synthesis- Compaction.

Unit 5

Physcial Design Automation of FPGAs,MCMS-VHDL-Verilog-Implementation of Simple cirucuits using

VHDL and Verilog.

Text Books:

1. N.A. Sherwani, " Algorithms for VLSI Physical Design Automation ", 1999.

2. S.H.Gerez, " Algorithms for VLSI Design Automation ", 1998

ETC802B : EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

Unit 1

59



Introduction to Embedded System: Embedded Systems Vs General Computing Systems,

History of Embedded Systems, Classification of Embedded Systems, Major Application Areas of

Embedded Systems, Purpose of Embedded Systems, ‘Smart’ running shoes from Adidas – The

Innovative bonding of Life Style with Embedded Technology.

Unit 2

The Typical Embedded System: Core of the Embedded System, Memory, Sensors and

Actuators, Communication Interface, Embedded Firmware, Other System Components, PCB and

Passive Components. Characteristics of Embedded System, Quality Attributes of Embedded

System. Washing Machine – Application Specific Embedded System, Automotive – Domain

Specific Example for Embedded System.

Unit 3

Hardware Software Co-Design and Program Modeling: Fundamental Issues in Hardware

Software Co-Design, Computational Models in Embedded Design, Introduction to Unified

Modeling Language (UML), Hardware Software Trade-offs. Embedded Hardware Design and

Development: Analog Electronic Components, Digital Electronic Components, VLSI and

Integrated Circuit Design, Electronic Design Automation (EDA) Tools.

Unit 4 Embedded Firmware Design and Development: Embedded firmware Design Approaches,

Embedded firmware Development Languages, Programming in Embedded ‘C’.Operating System

Basics, Types of Operating Systems, Tasks, Process and Threads, Multiprocessing and

Multitasking, Task Scheduling, Threads, Processes and Scheduling: Putting them altogether,

Task Communication, Task Synchronisation, Device Drivers, How to choose an RTOS.

Unit 5

Integration and Testing of Embedded Hardware and Firmware: Integration of Hardware &

Firmware, Board Power up. Integrated Development Environment (IDE), Types of files

generated on cross-compilation, Disassembler/Decompiler, Simulators, Emulators & Debugging,

Target Hardware Debugging, Boundary Scan.

Text Book:

1. Shibu K.V., Introduction to Embedded Systems, TMH Private Limited, New Delhi, 2009.

Reference Book:

1. Peter Marwedel, Embedded System Design, Springer, 2006 http://ls12-www.cs.uni-

dortmund.de/~marwedel/kluwer-es-book/

2. Wayne Wolf, Computers as Components, Morgan Kaufmann, 2001

http://www.ee.princeton.edu/~wolf/embedded-book

3. G. De Micheli, Rolf Ernst and Wayne Wolf, eds, Readings in Hardware/Software Co-Design,

Morgan Kaufmann, Systems-on-Silicon Series Embedded

4. Frank Vahid and Tony D. Givargis, System Design: A Unified Hardware/Software

Introduction, Addison Wesley, 2002.

5. Michael Barr, Programming Embedded Systems in C and C++, O'Reilly, 1999.

60



6. David E. Simon, An Embedded Software Primer, Addison Wesley, 1999.

7. Jack Ganssle, The Art of Designing Embedded Systems, Newnes, 2000.

8. K. Short, Embedded Microprocessor System Design, Prentice Hall, 1998.

9. C. Baron, J. Geffroy and G. Motet, Embedded System Applications, Kluwer, 1997.

10. Raj Kamal, Embedded Systems – Architecture, Programming and Design, Tata McGraw Hill

Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi,

ETC802C Quantum Computing

Unit 1

61



Fundamentals Concepts : Global Perspectives, Quantum Bits, Quantum Computation,

Quantum Algorithms, Quantum Information, Postulates of Quantum Mechanisms.

Unit 2

Quantum Computation : Quantum Circuits – Quantum algorithms, Single Orbit operations,

Control Operations, Measurement, Universal Quantum Gates, Simulation of Quantum Systems,

Quantum Fourier transform, Phase estimation, Applications, Quantum search algorithms –

Quantum counting – Speeding up the solution of NP – complete problems – Quantum Search for

an unstructured database.

Unit 3

Quantum Computers: Guiding Principles, Conditions for Quantum Computation, Harmonic

Oscillator Quantum Computer, Optical Photon Quantum Computer – Optical cavity Quantum

electrodynamics, Ion traps, Nuclear Magnetic resonance.

Unit 4

Quantum Information : Quantum noise and Quantum Operations – Classical Noise and

Markov Processes, Quantum Operations, Examples of Quantum noise and Quantum Operations

– Applications of Quantum operations, Limitations of the Quantum operations formalism,

Distance Measures for Quantum information.

Unit 5

Quantum Error Correction : Introduction, Shor code, Theory of Quantum Error –Correction,

Constructing Quantum Codes, Stabilizer codes, Fault – Tolerant Quantum Computation, Entropy

and information – Shannon Entropy, Basic properties of Entropy, Von Neumann, Strong Sub

Additivity, Data Compression, Entanglement as a physical resource.

TEXT BOOK

10 Micheal A. Nielsen. & Issac L. Chiang, “Quantum Computation and Quantum Information”,

Cambridge University Press, Fint South Asian edition, 2002.

ETC802D Advance Communication with Satellite Communication

Unit 1

62



Geometric representation of modulation signals, Linear modulation technique,!/4 QPSK, offset

QPSK, Constant envelop technique, MSK, GMSK, Linear & Constant envelop modulation

technique, M-ary PSK, M-ary QAM.

Unit 2

Spread spectrum system like DS-Spread spectrum, Pseudo noise sequences,Performance of DS-

SS, Frequency Hopping systems, Modulation Error performance for Binary signal in AWGN,

Detection of M-ary orthogonal, M-ary orthogonaling with non-coherent detection.

Unit 3

Equalization: Adaptive equalizer, Linear Equalizer, Nonlinear Equalizer, ISI interference, RAKE

receiver, Maximum likelihood sequence estimation (MLSE) equalizer.

Unit 4

Railey fading distribution, Ricean fading distribution, Speech coding, Characterization of Speech

signals, Vector quantization, Adaptive quantization, Power spectrum for general memory less

modulation.

Unit 5 Propagation on satellite: Earth paths and influence on link design: Quantifying attenuation and

depolarization, hydrometric & non hydrometric effects, ionosphere effects, rain and ice effects Earth

station Technology: Earth station design, Design of large antennas – Cassegrain antennas,

optimizing gain of large antenna, antenna temperature, feed system for large cassegrain antennas,

Design of small earth station antennas: Front fed paraboloid reflector antennas, offset fed

antennas, beam steering, Global Beam Antenna, equipment for earth station

Books:

1. Stephen G.Wilson: Digital Modulation and Coding, Pearson

Education (Singapore) pte. Ltd

ETC802E : Satellite & Optical Network Management

Unit 1

63



Introduction to state of satellite communication: Orbital mechanics and parameters, look

angle determination, Launches and Lunch vehicle, Orbital effects in communication system

performance. Attitude and orbit control system(AOCS), TT&C , Description of spacecraft

System – Transponders,

Unit 2

Equipment reliability and space qualification. Basics of transmission theory, system noise

temperature and G/T ratio, Uplink and Downlink design, design of satellite links for specified

(C/N) performance.

Unit 3

Analog telephone and television transmission: Energy dispersal, digital transmission

,Multiple Access: Multiplexing techniques for satellite links, Comprehensive study on FDMA,

TDMA and CDMA. Spread Spectrum Transmission and Reception. Estimating Channel

requirements, SPADE, Random access. Application of Satellite communication: Network

distribution and direct broad casting TV, fundamentals of mobile communication satellite

Unit 4Unit 4Unit 4Unit 4

Optical Filters :Overview, silica waveguide type filters, bulk type filters, another filters. Photonic

Switches :Time Division Switching (TDS), Wave Division Switching (WDS), fast − packet

switching, multidimensional switching system, OTDM, broadcast OTDM networks.First

Generation Optical Networks :SONET/SDH, computer interconnects, metropolitan area

networks, layered architecture, high speed local area networks (LAN), single and multi−hop

optical FDM local area networks, WDM and DWDM.

Unit 5

Broadcast and select networks :Topologies, Media Access Control (MAC), protocols, testbeds.

Wavelength Routing Networks :Optical layer, mode designs, network design and operation,

optical layer cost trade offs, routing and wavelength assignment.Virtual Topology Design (VTD)

Virtual topology design problems, combined SONET / WDM problem, integer linear

programming formulation, regular virtual topologies, implementation in broadcast and select

networks. Access networks :Network architecture overview, access networks − HFC and FTTC,

optical access network architecture.

Text Books:

1. Satellite Communication by T. Pratt, C. Bostian. 2nd Edition, John Wiley Co.

Reference Books:

1. Digital Communication with Satellite and Fiber Optic Application, Harlod Kolimbins, PHI

2. Satellite Communication by Robert M. Gagliardi, CBS Publishers

3. Optical Networks (Rajiv Ramaswami, Kuman N. Sivarajan), Hartcourt Asia PTE

Limited Publication.

4. Optical FDM Network Technolgoeis (Kiyoshi Nasu), Artech House Inc. Publication.

5. Photonics in switching, Vol. II (John E. Midwinter), Academic Press Publication.

6. Optical Networking and WDM (Walter Goralski) Tata Mc−Graw Hill Publication.

64



ELECTIVE IV (ETC803):

ETC803A Nanotechnology & Nano-Electronics

Unit 1

Introduction to Nanotechnology, review of various techniques and tools, future prospects of

nanotechnology, applications.

Unit 2

Synthesis techniques of nanoparticles : classical nucleation theory for cluster formation,

sputtering and thermal evaporation and laser methods for nanoparticles' synthesis, particle

synthesis by chemical routes. Synthesis of semiconductor nanoclusters.

Unit 3

Properties of nanostructured materials: Magnetic properties, electrical transport properties, non-

linear optical properties.

Unit 4

Special nanomaterials

Porous silicon nanostructures - formation, optical properties; Fullerones - synthesis, properties

and application.

Unit 5

Nano electronics - Nanodevices, nanotransistors, nanoelectro optics, Nano structures in

electronics.

Suggested Books:

I. Camarata, R.C, Nanomaterials synthesis, properties and application. Institute of Physics

Publication.

2. Madou. Fundamentals of microf2lbrication, Mcgraw Hill.

3. Sibelia, J.P , A Guide!O material characterization, Prentice Hall.

ETC803B Distributed Computing

Unit 1

65



Fundamentals: Introduction, Models and Features, Concept of distributed operating system,

Issues in design of a distributed operating system.

Message Passing: Good message passing system, IPC, Synchronization, Buffering, Multi

datagram messages, Encoding & decoding techniques, Process addressing, Failure handling,

Group communication; Remote procedure calls (RPC) - Models, Communication protocols,

RPC, Lightweight RPC.

Unit 2 Distributed Shared Memory: Architecture, Thrashing, Granularity, Advantages.

Synchronization: Introduction, Clock Synchronization, Event handling, Mutual Exclusion;

Deadlock – Conditions, Avoidance, Prevention, Recovery.

Unit 3 Resource & process Management: Features of a good scheduling algorithm, Task assignment

approach, Load balancing & load sharing approach, Introduction to process management,

Process migration, Threads.

Unit 4 Distributed Files Systems: Introduction, Features, Models, Accessing models; sharing

Semantics & caching schemes, replication, Fault Tolerance, Atomic transactions.

Unit 5 Naming: Introduction, Features, Fundamental Terminologies & concepts, System oriented

names, Human oriented names, Name caches,Security: Potential attacks to computer system,

Cryptography, Authentication, digital signatures, Access Control.

Textbooks: 1. Sinha Pradeep K., Distributed operating Systems, Concepts & design, PHI.

2. Tanenbaum Andrews S., Distributed Operating System, Pearson.

References: 1. Coulouris George, Dollimore Jean, Kindberg Tim, Distributed Systems, Concepts &

design, Pearson.

2. Silberschatz Galvin, Operating System Concepts, John Wiley, 5th Editi

ETC803C Data Warehousing and Data Mining

Unit 1

66



The Compelling Need for data warehousing: Escalating Need for strategic information, failures

of Past decision-support systems, operational versus decision-support systems, data warehousing

the only viable solution, data warehouse defined. Data warehouse: The building Blocks-

Defining Features, data warehouses and data marts, overview of the components, metadata in the

data warehouse Defining the business requirements: Dimensional analysis, information

packages- a new concept, requirements gathering methods, requirements definition: scope and

content.

Unit 2 Principles of dimensional modeling: Objectives, From Requirements to data design, the STAR

schema, STAR Schema Keys, Advantages of the STAR Schema.

Unit 3 Dimensional Modeling: Updates to the Dimension tables, miscellaneous dimensions, the

snowflake schema, aggregate fact tables, families of STARS.

Unit 4 OLAP in the Data Warehouse: Demand for Online analytical processing, need for

multidimensional analysis, fast access and powerful calculations, limitations of other analysis

methods, OLAP is the answer, OLAP definitions and rules, OLAP characteristics, major features

and functions, general features, dimensional analysis, hypercubes, Drill-down and roll-up, slice-

and-dice or rotation, OLAP models, overview of variations, the MOLAP model, the ROLAP

model, ROLAP versus MOLAP, OLAP implementation considerations.

Unit 5 Data Mining Basics: What is Data Mining, Data Mining Defined, The knowledge discovery

process, OLAP versus data mining, data mining and the data warehouse, Major Data Mining

Techniques, Cluster detection, decision trees, memory-based reasoning, link analysis, neural

networks, genetic algorithms, moving into data mining, Data Mining Applications, Benefits of

data mining, applications in retail industry, applications in telecommunications industry,

applications in banking and finance.

Textbooks: 1. Paul Raj Poonia, Fundamentals of Data Warehousing, John Wiley & Sons, 2004.

2. Sam Anahony, Data Warehousing in the real world: A practical guide for building decision

support systems, John Wiley, 2004

References: 1. W. H. Inmon, Building the operational data store, 2

nd Ed., John Wiley, 1999.

2. Kamber and Han, Data Mining Concepts and Techniques, Hartcourt India P. Ltd., 2001

3. Data Warehousing, BPB Publications, 2004

ETC803D Principles of Electromagnetic and Electrostatic Compatibility

67



Unit 1

Sources of EMI, Conducted and radiated interference- Characteristics - Designing for

electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)- EMC regulation- typical noise path- use of network

theory- methods of eliminating interferences.

Unit 2

Cabling –capacitive coupling- inductive coupling- shielding to prevent magneticradiation-

shield transfer impedance, Grounding – safety grounds – signal groundssingle point and

multipoint ground systems- hybrid grounds- functional ground layout – grounding of cable

shields- ground loops-guard shields.

Unit 3

power supply decoupling- decoupling filters-amplifier filtering –high frequency filtering

shielding near and far fields- shielding effectiveness- absorption and reflection loss,

Shielding with magnetic material- conductive gaskets,

Unit 4

Frequency versus time domain- analog versus digital circuits- digital logic noise- internal

noise sources- digital circuit ground noise –power distribution-noise voltage objectives

measuring noise voltages-unused inputs-logic families.

Unit 5

Static Generation- human body model- static discharges-ED protection in equipment

design- ESD versus EMC, Industrial and Government standards – FCC requirements –

CISPR recommendations-Laboratory techniques- Measurement methods for field

strength-EMI.

REFERENCES

1. Henry W.Ott, “ Noise reduction tech Henry W.Ott, “ Noise reduction techniques in

electronic systems”, John Wiley & Sons, 1989.

2. Bernhard Keiser, “Principles of Electro-magnetic Compatibility”, Artech House, Inc.

(685 canton street, Norwood, MA 020062 USA) 1987.

3. Bridges, J.E Milleta J. and Ricketts.L.W., “EMP Radiation and Protective techniques”,

John Wiley and sons, USA 1976.

4. IEEE National Symposium on “Electromagnetic Compatibility”, IEEE, 445, hoes Lane,

Piscataiway, NJ 08855

ETC803E Electronic Sensors and MEMS

Unit 1

68



Introduction to Micro sensors and MEM ,evaluation of Micro sensors and MEMS,Micro

sensors and MEMs application.

Unit 2 Principle, material, design and fabrication of parallel plate capacitors as electrostatic

sensors and actuators-Applications.

Unit 3 Principle, material, design and fabrication of thermal couples, thermal bimorph sensors,

thermal resistor sensors-Applications.

Unit 4 Piezoelectric effect-cantilever piezo electric actuator model-properties of piezoelectric

materials-Applications.

Unit 5 Interface electronics and MEMS,MEMS simulators ,MEMS for RF application, bonding and

packaging of MEMS, Integrated smart sensor and MEMS.

REFERENCE

10 Tai’ran Su,MEMS and micro systems:design and manufacture,TATA McGraw Hill.

20 S.K Gandhi,Vlsi fabrication principles ,John Willey Inc.,New York ,1983.

3. Chang Liu, “Foundations of MEMS”, Pearson International Edition, 2006.

4. Marc Madou , “Fundamentals of microfabrication”,CRC Press, 1997.

5. Boston , “Micromachined Transducers Sourcebook”,WCB McGraw Hill, 1998.

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