Alain Blondel
Detectors
UNO(400kton Water
Cherenkov)
Liquid Ar TPC(~100kton)
Alain Blondel
Far detector in second phase
Phase-I: Super-K
22.5kt (50kt)
Phase-II: Hyper-K1,000 kt
Candidate site in Kamioka
Other major goal: improve proton decay reach
limit to the size of large underground Water Cherenkovdetectors will be given by the difficulties of excavation. Max width is about 50-60 meters.=> increase high&length
Alain Blondel
SPL neutrino beam
* At 2 GeV, K production is very small Bkg of from e in the beam is small and dominatedby muon decay This can be tailored by varying the length of the decay tunnel and reduced to 0.3-0.4 % (all spectrum)
* this is a low energy beam ( <E> = 300 MeV )
e
Still work to do to fucus these…
Alain Blondel
/e Background Rejection
e/mu separation directly related to granularity of coverage. Limit is around 10-3 (mu decay in flight) SKII coverage OKOK, less maybe possible
Alain Blondel
reconstruction < 1GeV region
CC quasi elastic reaction
cos
22
pEm
mEmE
N
N
+ n → + p
-
p
(E, p)
+ n → + p +
-
p
(E, p)
Inelastic (BG)
CCqe
inelastic
~80MeV(10%)limited by Femi motion
Small BG5 X smallerfor SPL beam
SK FullDet. Sim.
Energy can be well reconstructed =>Bkg reductionprecise measurement of osc. params SENSITIVITY SIMILAR TO JHF-> HyperK
Alain Blondel
BETA Beam
new idea by P. Zucchelli
produce 6He++, store, accelerate (100 GeV/u), store
Q=3.5078 MeV T/2 = 0.8067 s
pure anti-e beam at 600 MeV
or: eFNe e
189
1810 pure e beam at 600 MeV
oscillation signal: appearance of low energy muons no opposite charge neutrinos=> no need for magnetic detectorslittle matter effects at these energieswater Cerenkov excellent for this too, same as for Superbeam.seems feasible; but cost unknown so far. Critical: duty cycle. A nice *** idea to be followed up!
6He++ Li+++ e e
Alain Blondel
Anti-Neutrino Source
Consider 6He++6Li+++ e e-
E03.5078 MeV T/2 0.8067 s
1. The ion is spinless, and therefore decays at rest are isotropic.
2. It can be produced at high rates, I.e.5E13 6He/s
3. The neutrino spectrum is known on the basis of the electron spectrum.
DATA and theory:<Ekine>=1.578 MeV<E>=1.937 MeVRMS/<E>=37%
B.M. Rustand and S.L. Ruby, Phys.Rev. 97 (1955) 991B.W. Ridley Nucl.Phys. 25 (1961) 483
Alain Blondel
Neutrino Source
Possible neutrino emitter candidate:18Ne
The same technology used in the production of 6He is limitedin the 18Ne case to 1012 ions/s.Dedicated R&D should increase this figure. Use this intensity as reference.
Issues: MgO less refractory,heat dissipation
Alain Blondel
Beta Beam (P. Zucchelli)
PS
SPS
Decay
RingISOL
target
SPL
ACCUMULATORPSPS
SPS
Decay
RingISOL
target
SPL
ACCUMULATOR
M. Lindroos et al.
Alain Blondel
Combination of beta beam with low energy super beamUnique to CERN:
need few 100 GeV accelerator (PS + SPS will do!)experience in radioactive beams at ISOLDE
many unknowns: what is the duty factor that can be achieved? (needs < 10 -
3 )
combines CP and T violation tests
e (+) (T) e (+)
(CP)
e (-) (T) e (-)
Can this work???? theoretical studies now on beta beam + SPL target and horn R&D design study together with EURISOL
Alain Blondel
Superbeam & Beta Beam cost estimates
Educated guess on possible costs USD/CHF 1.60UNO 960 MCHFSUPERBEAM LINE 100 MCHFSPL 300 MCHFPS UPGR. 100 MCHFSOURCE (EURISOL), STORAGE RING 100 MCHFSPS 5 MCHFDECAY RING CIVIL ENG. 400 MCHFDECAY RING OPTICS 100 MCHF
TOTAL (MCHF) 2065 MCHFTOTAL (MUSD) 1291 MUSD
INCREMENTAL COST (MCHF) 705 MCHFINCREMENTAL COST (MUSD) 441 MUSD