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Determining techniques used to reduce the impacts of pollution in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Technical and economical evaluation for applying measures to reduce consumption
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Session 1: The origin and spreading of pollution
Session 2: Evaluating and measuring the severity of pollutions
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
When this is not possible, we will see which technical means are available,
It is actually necessary to take into account as soon as possible the flow polluted in order to treat and purify it.
Neglecting the management of the flow leads to contamination of the environment
AIR, WATER, SOIL
IntroductionSession 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
The most efficient techniques consist of preventing a pollution from reappearing,
In the 3 cases that interest us, we will see if it is possible to take action at the pollution source in order to avoid its reappearance.
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
For each type of pollution concerning the atmosphere, different types of treatment can be applied. As for noise pollution, the impacts can be reduced by :
Treatment for air pollution
Diminuing the number of engins running, therefore reducing the number of sources.
limiting the speed at which the engins run, the insenisty of noise may diminue
confing the areas where the machines operating with sound proof materials
isolating the sources when possible or by replacing the machines with less noisy ones isolant les sources
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Air filters
Vacuum hoods
Treatment for air pollution
For dust and volatile organic compounds (VOC), il is possible to install :
Near to the source or area where the dust is produced. These installations have to be adapted to the working conditions (operater, production mode…)
Protective clothing (masques, goggles) existe to avoid inhalation of vapors and solvants (see Module 5 « Prevention and protection of personnel »).
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
• The divers canalisation conditions (pipe systems of production machines, water network) in order to prevent leaks from occuring
• The conditions of storing equipment (point cans, retention tanks…)
• The zones susceptible to contamination (uncovered storage zones, engin running space,…) and to absorption in to soil by rain water.
In order to avoid polluting an area due to chemical leaks, it is important to survey :
Treatment for water pollutionSession 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Collection from sewers on the site (or the sewer system for pretreatment of waste water) allow for the control of contaminated flows sending them towards the treatment unit.
These treatment units could be simple filters or internal waterwater treatment plants (WWTP).
If a WWTP is not on the site, the discharge could be sent towards the municipal WWTP with permission authorized by qualified services at the the town hall or by a water treatment agency.
Treatment for water pollutionSession 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Eau de lavage
Cuve de 3000 litres
Ajout de :- FeCl3 (précipitation),- CaOH (mise à pH).
Evacuation des boues parAZUR VIDANGE
Evacuation Eaux Usées parécrémage
Décantation de la boue dans lacuve de 3000 litres
Chaux vive
DéchargeBoues sèches
Décantation à 3 étages
Pompage
Pompage
6 x 100 litres
Treatment for water pollution
Eau souillée
PURDGING OF SLUDGE
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL TREATMENT
WASTE WATER EVACUATION
DECANTATION
PURDGING OF SLUDGE
WATER ANALYSIS
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Contaminated water
Disposal of dried sludge
3 decanting steps
Such equipment previously illustrated permet to diminue the pollution charge before the flow is disposed in the environment.
For example if hydrocarbons are detected on the surface of the site, due to a gas or oil leak from a truck or canister), a hydrocarbon separator can be installed that takes up and treats the water generally before contamination.
Treatment for water pollutionSession 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Cleaning water for the paint-mixing tanks can be reused in the production steps in its aqueous phase, which reduces only by 1% quality of the finished product.
This method allows for the reduction of Cette technique permet de réduire :
Treatment for water pollution
Managing the flow of these waters allows to reduce the high treatment costs.
the quantities of water consummed
the quantities of contaminated water to treat.
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
• Process water
• Cleaning water
• Stormwater or rain water
Therefore, It is important to control the quality of the following types of discharge :
It is necessary to control the quality of the runoff of water on the site because it could be charged with pollutants (see Session 1 of this Module) and spread thourghout the site, especially natural or artifical depressions are present.
Treatment for water pollutionSession 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
If pollutants are present, the rain water must be taken into account in the same way as process water (see « treatment for contaminated water »)
The impact on water and soil can be avoided by using retention tanks in senstive zones. They are used to control water flow and to guide water towards a treatment unit (see Module 9 « Transport and storeage : storing primary marterials and finished products »).
Treatment for water pollutionSession 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
In the same manor that the water networks and potential leaks are surveyed, the following zones are controlled :De la même façon que l’on surveille les réseaux et les fuites éventuelles, on contrôle les zones de :
• Storage of primary materials
• Production
• Storage of finished products
In order to determine if the pollutants are transfered towards the soil or not.
Treatment for soil pollutionSession 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
To avoid any risk of pollution, the impossibility of a pollutant coming into contact with the soil ou transported by runof must be assured.
The following methods are available:
Cementing the concerned surfaces Using water resistant surfaces by using approperate roof covering Implementing retention zones where risks are possible Control and maintain on a regular basis motorized materials.
Treatment for soil
If ever the soil is polluted, a qualified authority should be contacted since the activities represent a financial cost nonnegogialble for the site,should pour la filiale. for the should be contacted. Warning
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Costs for pollution treatment
To assure that the measures taken to limit water consumption function correctly, certain technical and economical means are necessary.
The chart below provides a few examples of costs for the technicall means used to reduce the impacts mentioned previously.
This chart will be used for evaluating the costs in the « Exercises »
Measures Technical means or organisationAssociated
costs
Lower the sound level issued by the activity
Limit the number of loud sources (engines) based on the activity
Limit the speed of the engines on the site (inform those concerned)
Generate sound waves in stead of phases
Make the area soundproof as well as the motors and machines.
Impression Print the chart found in the Excel document
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Nuisance and pollution treatment : Quiz
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Key Points :
The 3 principle nuisances and pollution vectors are water, air and soil.
For each vector, different prevention, actions, and treatment means, exist in order to avoid that a pollution or nuisances flow towards the natural environment.
Each site is responsible of their own discharges: a polluted water flow issued from its parameter has to contained, treated and purified.
All pollutions and nuisances constated by the authorities, lead to potentially high fincanical costs in order to restore the area contaminated or victims harmed.
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Exercises: Evaluation technico-économique des mesures pour réduire la consommation d’eau et éviter les pollutions et nuisances
A l’aide du « tableau de criticité » de la séance 2, étudier les besoins de l’entreprise :
• État des lieux « technique », analyse de existant (STEP, zone de rétention, isolement des machines…)• Déterminer les besoins techniques et humains de la filiale (maintenance du matériel, manipulation, personnel concerné…)• Déterminer les besoins en formation, sensibilisation du personnel (rejet des eaux, tri des déchets, vitesse des engins motorisés…)
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Exercices pratiques: Evaluation technico-économique des mesures pour réduire la consommation d’eau et éviter les pollutions et nuisances
Avec la grille « mesures, moyens, coûts » de cette séance, évaluer la faisabilité de chaque mesure et en estimer les coûts éventuels (cette étape nécessite du temps, les informations seront collectées au fur et à mesure des réponses)
• Relations avec des entreprises compétentes dans les types de travaux concernés (avis techniques, conseils,…)
• Demande de devis
• Évaluation du temps nécessaire à la réalisation de chaque mesure
Classer les différentes mesures à effectuer dans un planning selon leurs importances (règlementation, coûts, besoin technique, protection du personnel...)
AIR, WATER, SOIL
Session 3: The techniques used to reduce the impact in a typical situation
Introduction
Treatment for air pollution
Treatment for water pollution
Treatment for soil pollution
Costs for pollution treatment
Quiz
Key points
Exercises