DETRITIATION DETRITIATION

in in

ROMANIAROMANIA

INCDTCI ICSI Rm. ValceaNovember 2009

CanadaOntario HydroAECL/CRLKinectrics

KoreaFusionWolsung TRF

Japan

Fusion

EUROPEAN UNIONFZK, GermanyCEA, France

ICIT, IFIN HH, RomaniaITERJETEU – Fusion R&D

USAMilitaryFusion

RussiaMilitaryFusion

TRITIUM MAP

ChinaFusion

• Experimental Pilot Plant for Tritium and Deuterium Separation (ICSI - TRF)

• Cernavoda Tritium Removal Facility (CTRF)• Water Detritiation System for ITER (WDS)

Detritiation in Romania

ICSI TRF research & training

CTRF

Tritium Removal Facilities in Romania

WDS

Commercial

Research & commercial?

ICSI TRF/ CTRF

P IEC

CD

Tritiated Feed Water

Tritium Depleted Water

D2

Tritium Analysis System

MONITORING AND SAFETY SYSTEMS

Links between experimental modules for Tritium and Deuterium Separation Pilot Plant

TritiumStorage System

HR

CD 1

Boiler

O2 PurifierElectrolyser

H2O, HTO

H2, HTLPCE Column

Heater

Condenser

Boiler

H2O

O2

CD2

H2 • HR – Helium refrigerator• CD1, CD2 – Cryogenic distillation

WDS at ITER

WDS / ITER: LPCE ELECTROLYSES (PERMEATION) CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION

TRF / ICSI, CTRF LPCE PURIFICATION CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION

ICSI TRF – CTRF – ITER WDS

CTRF – same technology as ICSI TRF

ICSI TRF

ICSI - TRF

Technical specification

• maximum activity for tritium in heavy water: 30 Ci/kg• detritiation factor of 3• maximum tritium inventory: 300,000 Ci• inventory of heavy water: 2000 kg/year• minimum D2O feed isotopic: 99.8 % • water feed rate: 4-8 kg/h• tritium inventory in CD: 200,000 Ci (60,000 Ci for commissioning)• design service life: 30 years

ICSI TRF DesignDTO

Purification CD

Storage

D2O

LPCE

D2

D2

DT or T2

HEAVY WATER FROM

CNE CERNAVODAMODERATOR

Tritium experiments

• Licensed for construction for 30g tritium• Licensed for commissioning for low tritium

level – initial start• Tritium on site – 200 kg from CNE

Cernavoda• Work procedures and equipment upgrading

for facility• Tritium laboratory notification• Environmental laboratory notification

ICSI TRF Status

CERNAVODA TRF

CTRF

• It was proposed in 2004 to start the program for a TRF

• Basically as is it: a five phase project:– Phase I – Feasibility study – approved in 2007– Phase II – Design of CTRF – starts in 2008 – Phase III – Procurement & Construction – since

2010 for long term delivery equipments– Phase IV – Commissioning/Training/Operating– Phase V – Decommissioning (with U2

decommissioning)• Technology used – LPCE & CD – similar in

Wolsung, Korea and ICIT, Romania• Time to finish (estimated): 2013

CTRF Technical Specification

• CTRF will start at 54 Ci/kg • Target: to reduce the tritium content to 10 Ci/kg in

2 years• Detritiation factor 100• Upgrading possibility for heavy water - from

minimum 99.7% to 99.95%• To be used by U1 and possibility to serve also U2.

No U3/U4 in actual design• Design for 30 years life with possibility for

refurbishment• CTRF will have long term storage capacity for

tritium

CTRF Basic Diagram

ADS

HVAC

STACK

Zona TRS

TRS

Zona LPCE

LPCE

Zona TGHSS

TGHSS

Zona CDS

CDS

LIQUID COLLECTION SYSTEM

Location of CTRF

Differences to ICSI TRF

• Design of more than 95 CTRF systems (<25 in ICSI TRF)

• Issue of more than 45 basic design and licensing documents

• CTRF is connected to U1, but 8 new systems had to be implemented

• 5 CTRF licenses to be obtain from local & central authorities and regulatory body CNCAN

• Initial, at beginning of contract, 3 licenses from CNCAN had to be obtained: location, safety and construction

• After discussions, a different approach was approved using the ICSI TRF experience – only 2 licenses from CNCAN

• Other licenses – initial approach

Licensing

• Initial design manual of CTRF – based on tritium experience

• List of code and standards applicable – based on ASME codes, Canadian standards, Romanian standards

• Safety Design Guides for CTRF – in revision• CTRF system classification list - in revision• Seismic qualification of CTRF systems - in revision• List of safety systems and safety related systems -

in revision• Risk hazard for CTRF – in revision• CU license (from local authorities) – approved in

October 2008 after 3 month• Environment initial documents• PSAR content agreed with CNCAN

Licensing documents issued up-today

• 75 % of all systems already designed (different revision)

• Main systems:– LPCE system – revision 2– CD system – revision 2– Interface systems (HWFS & HWPS) – revision 1/2– HVAC, ADS, TGHSS, VTMS – revision 0 issued

• 3 systems at the beginning (TRS, DMS, AcDS)• Some of support systems in final stage

CTRF design phase status

Tritium Storage

CD System

B1

L0

L1

L2

L3

L4

LPCE System

ADS

HVAC Shaft

Heating System

TRS

Tritiated water holding tank system

Building

• Technical project – November 2009 • Final review of TP and issuing final

form – December 2009• PSAR – First edition December 2009,

final February 2010• License for construction/construct of

CTRF – April/May 2010• Detailed design of CTRF – June 2010

Milestones for CTRF design

WDS ITER

ITER – an important subject to Romania and ICSI• From Romania point of view, materials, water detritiation

equipment and systems can be provided to ITER.• Romanian experience can be used for Water Detritiation

System, with tritium storage, recombining processes for hydrogen/deuterium/tritium, materials studies or design using professional software CATIA.

• Take in account large quantities of tritium from Cernavoda site, Romania can be the major player on European tritium market, having in view that Romania is a European Union member.

• Romanian companies can provide services and equipment to ITER

• ICSI is on the list of potential supplier for ITER and open to tender

ITER - WDS

Storage and DeliverySystem

Torus Cryo PumpsRoughing Pumps

Tokamak ExhaustProcessing

Isotope SeparationSystem

Analytical SystemHe Glow Discharge

Cleaning

Fuelling SystemsNeutral Beam Heating

Water Detritiation

Off-gas ReleaseOn-line Sampling fromT-Plant Systems

Torus

Neutral Beam InjectorCryo Pumps

Tritium / Deuteriumfrom External Sources

ProtiumRelease

Tritium BreedingTest Blanket

Atmosphere and VentDetritiation Systems

ICSI for ITER up today

• ICSI starts in 2000 the work for WDS• ICSI develop catalyst for LPCE columns in

WDS, including endurance tests• Development of components for WDS in

CATIA V5• Training networks for young specialists

– “Preparing the ITER Fuel Cycle” – “Tritium Technologies for the Fusion Fuel Cycle

TRI-TOFFY”

ICSI for ITER

• Most of the items are related to WDS• ICSI will participate in consortium for:

– Development of method for highly tritiated water handling in ITER Tritium Plant. Phase 1

– Support for development of Water Detritiation Systems

• ICSI will send specialists in EU research centers to support fusion technologies research

ICSI for ITER in next future

• Romania developed technologies for tritium and will have a full experimental TRF in next future (by ICSI)

• ICSI has the technology for tritium removal facilities and therefore ICSI expertise can be used for ITER/CANDU units

• First industrial TRF in Europe will be on Cernavoda site• From Romania point of view, the main source of tritium

for ITER is CNE Cernavoda• There is a different approach between ITER and CTRF

(ex. site, code and standards, systems), but CTRF expertise can be used for ITER. CTRF will starts before WDS from ITER

• For tritium (both ITER and CTRF) a common effort and collaboration is necessary, more than today

Conclusions