Development and Commercialization
Status of HTS Cable System in Korea
LS Cable & System
Superconducting Cable Business Task Force Team
Jin Bae Na, Ph.D.
Oct. 30, 2013
Development of HTS Cable in Korea ► R/D program in Korea
► Overview of LS CNS Status
Demonstration of 22.9kV/50MVA HTS Cable System
Demonstration of 22.9kV/150MVA HTS Cable System
Future Plan
Development of 80kV/500MW HTS Cable System
’01 ’02 ’03 ’04 ’05 ’06 ’07 ’08 ’09 ’10 ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16
Developing
22.9kV
/50MVA
30m (1-Φ)
Carrying out
Int’l Certification &
Long-term Test
22.9kV/50MVA
100m
Progressed
154kV/1GVA
100m
MEST1)
Developing
22.9kV
/50MVA
30m (3-Φ)
Demonstration
in Actual Grid
Actual Grid
(ICHEON S/S)
22.9kV/50MVA
500m
Actual Grid
(ICHEON S/S)
22.9kV/150MVA
100m
Actual Grid
(JEJU Island)
DC 80kV/500MW
500m
Basic
R/D for
DC
200kV
MKE2)
Developing
DC 200kV/5GW
Demonstration
in Actual Grid
Actual Grid
(JEJU Island)
154kV/500MVA 1km
DAPAS3) Program
Commercial
Target 1)MEST: Ministry of Education, Science & Technology 2)MKE: Ministry of Knowledge & Economy 3)DAPAS: Development of Advanced Power System by Applied Superconductivity Technologies
Pilot
Project
3/Page
4/Page
AC
22.9kV
▪ 50MVA Completing Commissioning & Demonstration in 2011
▪ 150MVA Ongoing Development & Demonstration till 2013
154kV
▪ 1GVA Completing Development & Long term Test in 2011
▪ 600MVA Ongoing Development & Demonstration till 2016
DC
80kV
▪ 500MW Completing Development in 2013
200kV
▪ 5GW Completing Basic R/D in 2011
Planning Development and PQ test till 2016
via National and In-house Projects
Development of HTS Cable in Korea
Contents
Demonstration of 22.9kV/50MVA HTS Cable System ► Components
► Installation
► Operation
Future Plan
Demonstration of 22.9kV/150MVA HTS Cable System
Development of 80kV/500MW HTS Cable System
6/Page
1
2
3
4
5
22.9kV/50MVA HTS Cable
Termination
Joint Bay
Cooling System
Offset System
1 2 3 4 5
Air view of HTS Cable System in Icheon S/S
Bending point: total 9 with 90° bending angle
7/Page
KEPCO Icheon Substation
Electrical Characteristics
- Nominal Voltage: 22.9kV
- Rated Current: 1.25kA
Physical Characteristics
- Cable Length: ~ 500m
- Cold Dielectric Design
- 3 phases in One Cryostat
- HTS wire: YBCO Coated Conductor
Hardware
- 300m and 200m HTS Cable
- Outdoor Termination (3-Φ in 1 Cryostat)
- Joint bay (3-Φ in 1 Cryostat)
Installation/Commissioning: July 2011
Grid Application: Aug. 19, 2011
Overview of HTS Cable System in Icheon S/S
8/Page
Design
- Cold Dielectric
- Outer Diameter: 151mm
- Seamless Al Cryostat
- PVC Sheath
- Insulation Level up to 35kV Grade
Coverable range: 13.2kV ~ 35kV
- 3-core type Seamless Al Cryostat
- Fault Current By-pass with Stabilizer
Characteristics
Specification
- 22.9kV (Nominal), 13.2kV (Phase)
- 1,260A (50MVA)
- Short Circuit Rating: 25kA/30cycle (Cu Stabilizer)
- Application of Cryogenic System (Open-loop type)
HTS Cable
9/Page
Joint Bay
Compact Design
(500mm Ø, 3.5m L)
Insulation Level up to 35kV Grade
Coverable range: 13.2kV ~ 35kV
Pre-fabricated components
Maximum Operating Pressure: 15bar
Termination
Compact Design
3-Φ in one cryostat (22.9kV)
Maximum Operating Pressure : 15bar
Pre-fabricated components
Polymer composite Bushing
Pre-fabricated
•Jointing at site
Pre-fabricated
Termination & Joint
10/Page
Buffer for balancing System pressure
and fault current
Overview
Cooling system
Open-loop type using Decompression unit
Capacity: 6.5kW @ 69K
11/Page
Item Specification
Operating
Condition
Inlet Temp. of Cable 69K
Inlet Temp. of Cable 73K
Circulation Flow rate of LN2 0.5kg/s
Pressure 3barG ~ 7.5barG
Fault Current 25kA, 30cycles
Heat Load
Cable & Termination 4,100W
Cooling System 800W
Difference of
Pressure
Cable & Termination 1.4bar
Cooling System 1.1bar
Specification
Cooling system
12/Page
Photos of 22.9kV/50MVA Cooling System
Cooling system
Open-loop type
- Decompression Unit
Heat exchanger in decompression cryostat
Vaporizer and decompression pump
13/Page
Manufacturing
HTS Cable
Stranding of
Former
Former is wound up
using stranding
machine. The
diameter and the
surface of former
should be controlled
precisely to make
even and uniform
shape of HTS wires
Wrapping &
Cushion Layer
Stainless steel and
carbon paper tapes
shall be wound to
bind the former
according to the
designed diameter
Stranding of HTS &
Conductor Screen
HTS wires and LPP
papers shall be
wound over the
cushion layer, which
will be controlled
together using
stranding machine
modified for HTS
cable
Electric Insulation
& Insulation Screen
During the lapping of
LPP papers, tension
shall be carefully
controlled for
insulation quality and
bending characteristic
Inner Cryostat
The height and pitch
of corrugated Al
cryostat is critical to
bending characteristic
Vacuum
Conditioning
The vacuum region
between inner and
outer cryostat of the
cable shall be
subjected to vacuum
pumping for at least
30 days at a
temperature of 30℃
MLI Taping
After cleaning the
surface of inner
cryostat, MLI is
wrapped and 4 Teflon
spacers shall be
stranded on the
surface of MLI
Outer Cryostat
The height and pitch
of corrugated Al
cryostat is critical to
bending characteristic
Outer Jacket
During the extrusion,
cable diameter is
measured by X-ray
scan
14/Page
Test Details Result
22.9kV 50MAVA HTS Cable 30m
Proto type test (2005)
- Long term test (load cycle test)
Pass
- DC critical current Pass
- Withstand voltage test Pass
- AC loss measurement Pass
- Long term test (cool down test) Pass
- Summary of the test results
22.9kV 50MVA HTS Cable 100m
type test (2007)
- Cable bending test Pass
- Load cycle
(cooling circuit and Cryostat pressure check) Pass
- Thermal cycle (shrinkage of cable) Pass
- Dielectric loss factor (Tan δ) Pass
- Dielectric security Pass
- Partial discharge Pass
- DC critical current Pass
- Visual inspection of HTS cable sample Pass
HTS Cable
Type Test on previous proto-type of 22.9kV/50MVA
Evaluating Unmanned Operation System for Cooling System
No. Item Specification
1 MS(Master Station) • Notifying Alarm and trip to the SCADA and User by E-mail and SMS.
2 CS(Control System) • Communicating with REM, DUM and Cryogenic Refrigerant by profibus
3 REM(Reservoir Module) • Controlling Reservoir Module Independently by PLC.
• controlled by CS and Communicating with CS.
• DUM and Cryogenic Refrigerant: Operated by the Temp. of the HTS Cable. 4 DUM(Decompression Unit Module)
5 Cryogenic Refrigerant
6 LTS(Load Termination System)
• Explosion-proof type(IP 55)
• Controlled by CS and Communication with CS. 7 JBS(Joint Bay System)
8 STS(Source Termination System)
LTS JTS STS REM PLC
DUM PLC
Control Net ProfiBus
Ethernet
HMI (Server PC) HMI (Client PC) Local Network
User Date Acquisition
Input
Control Value MS
PLC duplex configuration (watchdog, quick change when Failed)
Control system
15/Page
Level Action countermeasure
3 Engineers standby within 24hrs Sending SMS to people in charge
2 Alarming for observation to decide cutting power or not
Engineers standby within 5hrs & Clearing alarms after measures
Informing to 2nd line of SCADA
Sending SMS to people in charge
1 Stopping the operation: Cutting power Informing to 1st line of SCADA
Sending SMS to people in charge
Action Plan According to Fault Level
Condition for Deciding Faults
Control system
16/Page
Step Level Deciding Faults Setup Maintaining
Time
1
1
Breakdown Fulfilling conditions: Inner pressure of Reservoir & Load-side termination Under 2barG 10sec.
2 Fire Installing the fire alarm in Cooling room and Joint room
3 Explosion &
Damage of
HTS wire
Fulfilling conditions: Inlet temp. of cable (2 points), Joint (2 points) Over 75K 10sec.
4 Fulfilling conditions: Pressure of outlet of circulation pump & source-side termination Over 6.5bar G 0.5sec.
5
2
Breakdown Fulfilling conditions: Inner pressure of Reservoir & Load-side termination Under 2.5barG 10sec.
6 Explosion &
Damage of
HTS wire
Fulfilling conditions: Inlet & Outlet temp. of cable (4 points), Joint (2 points) Over 73K 20sec.
7 Fulfilling conditions: Pressure of outlet of circulation pump & Source-side
termination Over 6bar G 5sec.
8
Maintaining
Cooling
system
Flow rates of LN2 Under 0.2kg/s 10sec.
9 Fulfilling conditions: Vacuum condition of cable, joint & termination Over 0.1torr 10sec.
10 Fulfilling conditions: Inner pressure of pneumatic tank Under 4.2bar 10sec.
11 Fulfilling conditions: Level of LN2 tank Under 15% 10sec.
12 3 Whole
system Informing people in charge after checking malfunction or abnormality of all sensors
Item Standard Spec. Result
1 DC Voltage Test (Jacket) IEC 60840 10kV for 1min. Pass
2 Heat Loss Measurement LS Standard 3.5W/m Pass
3 DC IC Measurement KS C 6111-6 3.27kA@70K Pass
4 AC loss Measurement LS Standard 1.25W/m/Phase Pass
5 DC Voltage Test KEPCO Standard 46kV for 10min. Pass
6 Visual Inspection LS Standard Drawing Pass
Test Specifications and Results
the world’s first experience to measure AC loss at rated current (1,250A)
in actual power grid
17/Page
18/Page
Trend of Load Current vs. Quantity of Heat Capacity
1-day trend during Increasing
Load Current to 600A
20 months trend from starting
demonstration
Starting Demonstration: Aug. 19, 2011
- Load current: 300A (connected to 2 D/L)
Increasing Load Current: Oct. 6, 2011 - Present load current: 600A ~700A (connected to 5 D/L for full load)
At peak time (winter), load current was around 900A.
Momentary build-up due to loop current at connecting 5 D/L
Oct. 6 Oct. 7 Aug. 19 Mar .31
19/Page
Trend of vacuum
20 months trend from starting
demonstration
- Very stable the degree of vacuum
- Under 6.0E-6 torr
HTS cable length of 22.9kV/50MVA
- 500m (Two span : Connection with joint bay)
Operation period - Total 20 months
- Unmanned operation during18 months
8-1-2011 12-1-2011 4-1-2012 8-1-2012 12-1-2012 4-1-20131E-8
1E-7
1E-6
1E-5
1E-4
1E-3
0.01
0.1
1
Va
cu
um
[to
rr]
Date
Cable span 200m
Cable span 300m
Development of HTS Cable in Korea
Demonstration of 22.9kV/50MVA HTS Cable System
Demonstration of 22.9kV/150MVA HTS Cable System
► Component
► Installation
Future Plan
Demonstration of 80kV/500MW HTS Cable System
21/Page
22.9kV/150MVA HTS Cable
Termination
Cooling System in Container
U-bending area
1
2
4
3
1 2 3 4
Air view of HTS Cable System in Icheon S/S
22/Page
KEPCO Icheon Substation
Electrical Characteristics
- Nominal Voltage: 22.9kV
- Rated Current: 3.75kA
Physical Characteristics
- Cable Length: ~ 100m
- Cold Dielectric Design
- 3 phases in One Cryostat
- HTS wire: YBCO Coated Conductor
Hardware
- Compact cooling system in 40ft container house
- Outdoor Termination (3-Φ in 1 Cryostat)
Installation/Commissioning: October 2013
Grid Application: Nov. 01, 2013
Overview of HTS Cable System in Icheon S/S
23/Page
Design
- Cold Dielectric
- Outer Diameter: 159mm
- Seamless Al Cryostat
- PVC Sheath
- Insulation Level up to 35kV Grade
Coverable range: 13.2kV ~ 35kV
- 3-core type Seamless Al Cryostat
- Fault Current By-pass with Stabilizer
Characteristics
Specification
- 22.9kV (Nominal), 13.2kV (Phase)
- 3,750A (150MVA)
- Short Circuit Rating: 25kA/30cycle (Cu Stabilizer)
- Application of Cryogenic System (Hybrid type)
HTS Cable
24/Page
Overview
Cooling system
Hybrid type : Close loop + Open loop
- Using 4kW Stirling refrigerator
- Using decompression unit
Capacity: 10kW @ 69K
Seperator Filter Unit
PCS (Pressure Control System)
CP (Circulation Pump) Unit DC (Decompression)
Unit
25/Page
Development of HTS Cable in Korea
Future Plan
Demonstration of 22.9kV/50MVA HTS Cable System
Development of 80kV/500MW HTS Cable System ► Component
► Installation
► Operation
Demonstration of 22.9kV/150MVA HTS Cable System
26/Page
80kV/500MW HTS Cable
Outdoor Terminations
Joint Bay
Offset System
E
2
1
1
2
3
3
E
Photo of KEPCO power testing site in Gochang
27/Page
Design
- Cold Dielectric
- Outer Diameter: 149mm
- Seamless Al Cryostat
- PVC Sheath
- Insulation Level up to DC 200kV
: Coverable Range : DC 80 ~ 200kV
- Fault Current By-pass with Stabilizer
Characteristics
Specification
- 80kV (Nominal)
- 3,125A (500MVA)
- Short Circuit Rating: 6.25kA/30cycle (Cu Stabilizer)
- Application of Cryogenic System (Close-loop type)
HTS Cable
28/Page
HTS Cable
Jointing
& Assembling Cryostat
Vacuum exhausting
& Assembling Bushing
24hr Positive Load cycle
test
Leak test Pressure test
24hr Polarity reversal test 48hr Positive Load cycle test S/I Switching Imp. test
- Recommendation
: Electra 219/189
- Test voltage
: Uo ± 285kV
S/I Lightning Imp. test
Warm-up
- According to Cigre W/G
B1-31
- Recommendation
: Electra 219
- Test voltage : ± 1.45Uo,
8cycles
- 1x10-8 mbar•ℓ/sec
Cool - down 24hr Negative Load cycle
test
Special test
Long term reliability test
- Recommendation
: Electra 219
- Test voltage
: 1.85Uo, 3cycles
- Recommendation
: Electra 219/189
- Test voltage
: Uo ± 144kV
- Recommendation
: Electra 219
- Test voltage
: - 1.85Uo, 8cycles
- Recommendation
: Electra 219
- Test voltage
: + 1.85Uo, 8cycles
- Recommendation
: Electra 219
- Test voltage : 1.85Uo / 2hr
Subsequent DC test
Type test process of 80kV/500MW
According to Electra TB-538, Electra 219 and Electra 189
Thermal contraction
measurement
- Movement by traction force
- According to company
regulation
29/Page
Load cycle test of DC 80 kV/500MW
24 hr load cycle test of polarity reversal
Starting Operation: Dec. 20, 2012
- No quench / No breakdown
48 hr load cycle test of positive pole
30/Page
Long term test
24 hr load cycle test of positive
Experienced 4th cool-down process
- No quench / No breakdown
24 hr load cycle test of polarity reversal
Additional test
Voltage Test of DC 200kV class
- No quench / No breakdown
Development of HTS Cable in Korea
Future Plan ► Development & Demonstration of Transmission Level
HTS Cable System
Demonstration of 22.9kV/50MVA HTS Cable System
Development of 80kV/500MW HTS Cable System
Demonstration of 22.9kV/150MVA HTS Cable System
32/Page
Title: Development & Demonstration of Transmission level HTS Cable System
Period: July, 2011 ~ June, 2016 (60months)
Supervision: KEPCO
Participant: LS CNS, KERI & Several Universities
Research Funds: USD70M (Government: USD22M , KEPCO: USD18M, LS CNS: USD30M)
Summary
○ Development of SFCL
○ Performance Evaluation &
Installation in Grid
○ Development of the Method
for O&M
○ Development of HTS Cable
○ Installation & Operation in Grid
○ Localization of HTS Cable &
Cryogenic System
○ Finding the way of institutional support for commercialization
○ Selecting the site for demonstration
○ Review of Standard for product & test
Supervision (KEPCO]
○ Grid Analysis & Relevant effect
○ Grid Operation System
○ Verification of HTS Cable
Participant 1 (KEPRI) Participant 2 (LS CNS) Participant (KEPRI)
Composition & Aim of Project
33/Page
Overview of Pilot Application
E-mail : [email protected]