Development and Optimisation of Demand-Side Control

Algorithm for Micro-cogeneration System

Student: Mr Jun HONGSupervisors: Professor Joe Clarke, Cameron Johnstone

RPD 2006

Crisis!

危 （ wei ）

机（ ji ）

Challenges! Opportuniti

es?

Challenges

• Demand shoots-up;

• Electricity Black-outs;

• Fuel shortage;

• Global warming.

Research Issues

• Embedded Generation– Micro-CHP;– RETs, like PV, wind turbine, heat pump, etc.

• Demand-side Management– Energy conservation technology– Load Management

Specific issues of my research• Optimisation of Micro-CHP Operation

– Load dynamics(low efficiency; more CO2 emissions; less

durability)

• Development of DSC Algorithm (*)– Reduce the demand;– Micro-CHP-friendly operation load profile;– Demand-follow-supply energy structure;

What is DSC?

• Purpose– Maximize the match between supply and demand;– Minimize the impact of users;

• Methods– Change the pattern of uses (Demand Relocation);– Implement switching strategies (Demand Control,

Load Growth);

• DSC applications for different levels of demands– Aggregated demands (multi-families households);– Individual demand (single family household);

DSC Algorithm

Start

= 0

Demand v.s. Supply

Storage/Battery

< 0

Despatch

Invoke DSC algorithm

Favorable Demand Profilefor supply operation

> 0load

reductionload shiftLoad properties

Shift Increment

Shift Boundary

Load priorities

Load Growth

Control method

Control duration

Appliances Properties Load No Control On/off Partial Time

AvailabilityHot water X X Hour/ Min HighWashing machine X X Hour/ Min HighTumble dryer X X Hour/ Min HighDishwasher X X Hour/ Min

HighFridge/ freezer X Min HighTowel rails X X Min HighElec. Apps. (with chargers) X X Min HighLighting X X Min/ Sec HighElec. Apps. (heating) X X Sec High

Electric oven/ hob X X Min MediumSlow cookers X X Min MediumElec. heating X X Min MediumAir conditioning X X Min MediumElec. blanket X X Min MediumMicrowaves X Sec Medium

Extractor fans X Sec LowHairdryers X Sec Low

Elec. Apps. (instantaneous) X NoneEntertainment X None

How to implement?

What the results we got so far?

Before DSC

After DSC

Results of Match Rate

Next Step…

• Refinement of CHP models (consider the by-product generation, two views);

• Refinement of DSC algorithm (control duration qualification for different individual appliances);

• Implement the DSC into CHP either as supply or as auxiliary device;

• Development of individual appliance models;

Thank you!

Any questions?