The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case Study
Development of Donghae-1Gas Field, Offshore Korea
30 March 2004KIGAM (Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources)
KNOC (Korea National Oil Corporation)
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
Donghae-1 Gas Field
V V-2V-1
B1
B2
B3B4
B5
Water Depth
Distance from Shore
Gorae V
Gorae V-1
Gorae V-2
Sectional View
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
DEVELOPMENT OF DONGHAE-1
Geophysical Prospecting
Exploration Well
Data Processing
& Interpretation
FailureDiscovery
of Gas Field
Appraisal Well
Reserve Estimation
Feasibility Study
Commercial
Development
Economic Feasibility
Development Options
Location of Appraisal Well
Preliminary Feasibility Study
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
Table of Presentation
• Introduction• Deliverability Analysis• Development Options• Compositional Simulation• Production Optimization• Production Facilities• Concluding Remarks
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
DELIVERABILITY ANALYSIS
Modified
Isochronal
Test
Flow After
Flow
Test
Deliverability
Test
103.88366.14B4V DST#2
42.37843.44B2V-2 DST#3
92.78014.07B4V-2 DST#1
137.47868.44B3, B4V-1 DST#2
28.37923.85B3V-2 DST#2
48.47781.27B2V-1 DST#3
51.77685.83B2V DST#3
Net Pay
Thickness
(ft)
Gauge
Depth (ft)
Target
LayerDST No.
• DST & Deliverability Analysis DST Data
Reservoir Properties
Horner Plot
Type Curve Matching
Radius of Investigation
Wellbore Storage Effect
Estimation of Deliverability
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
DELIVERABILITY ANALYSIS
Transient Test
Deliverability Test
0 20 40 603000
3200
3400
3600
3800
0
10
20
30
40
ELAPSED TIME (hrs)
PR
OD
UC
TIO
N R
AT
E (
MM
SC
FD
)
PR
ES
SU
RE
(p
si)
TRANSIENT PRESSURE TEST
44 48 52 56 603200
3300
3400
3500
3600
0
10
20
30
40
PR
OD
UC
TIO
N R
AT
E (
MM
SC
FD
)
PR
ES
SU
RE
(p
si)
ELAPSED TIME (hrs)1 101 102
10-1
1
101
C
1n
Flow After Flow Test
Stabilized
Deliverability
Line
Actual Data
qsc = C(pR2 – pwf
2)n
qsc (MMSCFD)
DELIVERABILITY TEST
Wellbore storage effect is not
significant
1.07e-4C4.50s
152.80AOF (MMSCFD)
0.0021tws (hrs)
3608.79p* (psi)
Late time deviation: shale effect 853.92r inv. (ft)
0.865n37.49k (md)
Deliverability TestPressure Transient Test
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
DELIVERABILITY ANALYSIS
• EExcellent agreements between type curve matching
method and Horner method
Permeability: moderately ranged from 23.0 to 65.3 md
Skin factor: 4.64 to 21
AOF: 21.2 to 152.8 MMSCFD
• SSubstantial productivity: more than 60 MMSCFDV-2 (DST #2): 21.2 MMSCFD
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS
• Engineering Data Reserve, Rock and Fluid Properties
• Gas Sales SpecificationsMarketplace, Supply, Price
• Design Specifications Temperature, Pressure, Processing Capacity of Facilities
• Environmental Data Weather, Subsea Condition
• Economic ParametersCost of Capital, Operating Expenses
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS
• 1st Stage : Identification of All Feasible Development Options
Substructure System Type
Drilling Methods
• 2nd Stage : Selection of Favorable ProcessOption Screening
24 Production Options
• 3rd Stage : Optimized Development ConceptSelection of Preferable Process Option
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS
Development Option
Drilling Substructure Processing & Export
Permanent
Platform
Facilities
Tender
Assist
Drilling
Mobile
Rig
Drilled
Floating Fixed None All
Offshore
All
Onshore
Part Processing
Offshore
& Onshore
Dry
Trees
Dry
Trees
Wet
TreesMobile
Production
Unit
Jacket Full
Processing
Offshore
Wellstream
Transfer
to Shore
Korean
Grid
Power
Plant
Domestic
Users
Components
Strategies
Facilities
Elements
Gas Sales
Location
Semi-
Submersible
FPSO Jack-Up
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS
Level 1:
Level 2:
Level 3:
TechnicalScreening
EconomicScreening
24 Options
8 Options
Selection
Separator, Compression, Dehydration,
Dewpointing, Condensate stabilization
Optimized Production
Process Selection
Position Selection
of Each Equipment
Brainstorm
Exercise
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS
BULK WATER
SEPARATION
OFFSHORE FACILITIES ONSHORE FACILITIESPIPELINE
GAS
COMPRESSION
GAS
DEHYDRATION
LIQUID
DEHYDRATION
SLUG
CATCHER
GAS
DEWPOINTING
CONDENSATE
STABILIZATIONWATER
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
COMPOSITIONAL SIMULATION
•Phase IEstimation of the gas and condensate reserves
(GIIP) of Donghae-1 Gas Field
•Phase II
To evaluate the field’s development including
optimal well locations, various sensitivities and
water coning & partially penetrating wells
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
COMPOSITIONAL SIMULATION
EOS Modeling • 11 Components (CO2, N2, C1~C6, C7+)
• 5 Pseudo-Components
(Non-HC, C1, C2/C3, C4/C5, C6+)
Dew-point Phase Diagram Gas Water Pc Gas Water kr (Corey Eq.)
Capillary P (Pc) : SCAL Relative Permeability
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
COMPOSITIONAL SIMULATION
C1: Structure/Isopach/Grid B1 Reservoir B2 Reservoir B3/4 Reservoir
Grid : 47x43x15
Layers : C1, B1, B2, B3/4
Constant Thickness
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
Gas & Condensate
Production vs. TimeGas & Condensate Rate vs.
Cumulative Gas ProductionCondensate Yield, Water Cut
& Average Reservoir Pressure
COMPOSITIONAL SIMULATION
Base Case Results
• Ultimate Gas Recovery : 142 Bcf (68% of GIIP)
• Period of Production Plateau : 6 years
• Condensate Recovered : 1.2 MMbbl (37% of In-Place)
• Water Production Less Than 1.7 bbl/MMscf
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
COMPOSITIONAL SIMULATION
•PermeabilityProduction Performance vs. Horizontal Permeability
•Gas Initially In-PlaceProduction Performance vs. GIIP
•Surface Operating PressureProduction Performance vs. FWHP
•Plateau Production RateProduction Performance vs. Field Rate
•Strength of AquiferAquifer Strength Sensitivity
Effect of Aquifer Strength & Rate on Recovery
• Effect of kv and Selective Well Completion
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
COMPOSITIONAL SIMULATION
•Probable Reserve of Donghae-1 (Gorae V & V-3 Field) :208 Bcf of Gas, 1.77 MMbbl of Condensate
Minimum FWHP of 700 psi & Minimum Allowable Gas Well Rate of 5 MMscf/day Assumed
•4 Wells Required in the 4 Zones :•Retrograde Condensation :
2.5 MMbbl of condensate to remain in the reservoir in a liquid
state at the end of primary depletion.
1% of HCPV, immobile and no effect on gas deliverability
•Due to the modest k, the Aquifer Strength WeakInsensitive to Plateau Rate, GIIP
•Relatively high kv/khNo Effect on the Ultimate Gas Recovery, regardless of
penetration
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
Export Pipeline
Onshore
Infield Pipeline
Offshore
Donghae-1
Offshore Platform
Subsea
X-Mas Tree
Underground
Subsea
Onshore Terminal
Umbilical Line
B1
B2
P=3580 psia
T=218 oF
B3/4
P=3634 psia
T=219 oF
P2 P1 P3
TVD=7935 ft
MD=9125 ft
TVD=7935 ft
MD=8038 ft
TVD=7860.9 ft
Tubing ID=4.892”
Tubing WT=0.304”
7890.4 ft (2405 m)
8123.4 ft (2476 m)
7831.4 ft (2387 m)
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION
Compositional Fluid Model
Gas-Condensate Flow
Peng-Robinson Cubic EOS (1976)
Flash Calculation
Gas (g) & Condensate (L) Fugacity fi
BZ
BZ
b
b
B
ABz
b
zb
pz
fk
k
iizk
i
i
k
i
414.0
414.2ln
2
82843.2)ln(
1ln
Subsurface Reservoir Model
Multi-Component Tank Model
Assumptions
Homogeneous, Isotropic, Cylindrical Reservoir
No-Flow Boundary Condition
No Water & Condensate Flow
Cumulative Gas Production
INTEGRATION
Multi-Phase Pipeline Flow Model
Vertical Pipeline (Production Well) – PIPESIM
Horizontal Pipeline – Multiphase Flow Model
Vertical & Horizontal Flow Patterns
Pipeline Network Model
PIPESIM (Build 26, 1999)
Transport Pipeline, Production Line, Riser
Branch System
Modeling of Separator, Pump, Compressor
P2 WellP1 Well
P3 Well
Topside Manifold
Separator
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Time (Day)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Gas F
low
rate
(MM
SC
FD
)
P1P2P3Topside
Allocation
of Gas Production
Pressure Profile
at Separator
Cum. Gas Production
at Separator
Cum. Condensate
Pro. at Separator
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Time (Day)
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
Pre
ssu
re (
psia
)
1610
Compression
P1P2P3Topside
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Time (Day)
0
50000
100000
150000
200000
250000
Cu
mu
lati
ve
Gas (
MM
SC
F)
P1P2P3Topside
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Time (Day)
0
1
2
3
Cu
m. C
on
den
sate
Pro
. (M
MS
TB
)
P1P2P3Topside
PRODUCTION OPTIMIZATION
Production Scenario
Total Production Rate: 50 MMscf/D
BD12, BD13 Line: Detour Line for Emergency
Platform Minimum Pressure: 500 psia
Allocation of Optimized Gas Production Rate
Optimized Production Rate
Plateau Period: 3900 Days
Compressor Installation: 2000 Days (5.5 yrs)
Cumulative Gas Production (During Plateau Period)
Cum. Condensate Pro. (During Plateau Period)
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
PRODUCTION FACILITIES
Subsea Production Facilities
Offshore Production Facilities
Onshore Structures
Pipeline
The 3rd Workshop of the Cambodia PPM Case StudyKorea Institute of Geoscience
and Mineral Resources
CONCLUDING REMARKS
• Donghae-1 Gas Field, Offshore KoreaProduction Options
DST
Reservoir Simulation
Integrated Network Modeling
Facility Design
• We are willing to actively involve in PPM Case Studies: collaborative work with Host Countries
Gas & Condensate Production (2004)
The End
Thank You.