DEVELOPMENT

OF

SOUTH ASIAN GRID

WHY SOUTH ASIAN GRID ?

• Optimal Utilization of Natural Resources

• Opportunity of Energy Trading

• Economy of Scale

• Advantage of Peak diversity

• Minimization of Environmental Damages

SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES : COMMON FEATURES

• Abundant reserves of Natural resources

• Low per capita electricity consumption

• Deficit of Power & Fast Growth in Demand

• Common frequency of operation

• Similar voltage class

SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES : ENERGY RESOURCES

• Bangladesh – Dominated by natural gas

• India – Dominated by Coal

• Bhutan – High dependence on hydro

• Nepal – High dependence on hydro

• Pakistan – Largely petroleum and natural gas

• Sri Lanka – Dependence on petroleum

SOUTH ASIAN COUNTRIES:EXPLOITATION OF RESOURCES

In order to capture the benefit of resource sharing, as experienced all over the world, SARC Countries should also move forward collectively and explore the various possibilities.

• Large scale trading of coal and natural gas is limited due to constraints in its handling & transportation.

• Hydel energy can be traded through transmission network only.

• Therefore for bulk exchange of energy building up of a strong transmission network is the need of the day.

FEASIBILITY OF INTERCONNECTION

• India is centrally placed sharing boundaries with SAARC Countries.

• Vast Interconnected transmission network.

• Development of Strong National Grid on the Anvil.

INITIATIVE FROM INDIA

TOWARDS

SOUTH ASIAN GRID

INITIATIVES FROM INDIA

• Initiatives/Control for Power exchanges at

governmental level.

• Encouragement for setting up of new projects on sharing basis to harness natural resources.

• Continued exchange of energy based on

bilateral agreements.

ONGOING POWER EXCHANGE : INDIA AND NEPAL

• Over 16 links at 132/33/11 kV level.

• About 50 MW of power being exchanged.

• Net export from INDIA to NEPAL is around 10% of

total demand of Nepal.

• Supply of free power from Tanakpur (India) to Nepal

– 70MU/annum.

ONGOING POWER EXCHANGE : INDIA AND BHUTAN

• Interconnections with Chukha HEP through 220 kV Chukha-Birpara 3 ckts and all surplus power from Chukha is exported to India.

• Presently, this constitutes 75% to 80% of total power generated at Chukha.(1400MU/year)

• Earning to Bhutan - Rs. 140 crores/Annum.

• Part of this power re-exported to Bhutan to meet radial loads closer to Indian border.

• Kurichu HEP (4x15 MW) of Bhutan is also connected to Indian Grid (Salakati) at 132 kV.

SOUTH ASIAN GRID

THE FUTURE PROSPECTS

South Asian Grid - India and NepalSouth Asian Grid - India and Nepal

• Nepal expected to be surplus in power by 2002

• 3 nos. 132kV lines under construction between India & Nepal Butwal(Nepal) – Anandnagar(India) Birgunj(Nepal) – Motihari(India) Dalkebar(Nepal) – Sitamarhi(India)

• Large potential projects being considered for development and export of power to India West Seti HEP 750 MW Arun HEP 685 MW Pancheshwar HEP 6,500 MW

• EHV links planned for evacuation of power to India West Seti – Bareilly – Muradnagar 400 kV line Arun HEP – Muzaffarpur 400 kV line 400/765kV lines from Pancheshwar HEP to India

South Asian Grid - India and BhutanSouth Asian Grid - India and Bhutan

• Interconnection being established at 400kV level from Tala in Bhutan to Delhi in India for evacuation of power from Tala HEP(6x170MW)

• More hydro projects to come up in Bhutan Wangchu: 900MW Bunakha : 180MW Sankosh : 4060MW

• Power from these projects also to be imported by India

South Asian Gird - India and BangladeshSouth Asian Gird - India and Bangladesh

• East Zone of Bangladesh(generation dominated) shares border with the Eastern Region of IndiaBangladesh can supply power to Eastern India

• West Zone of Bangladesh(load dominated) shares border with the North-Eastern Region of India India can supply power to Western Bangladesh

• 2 nos. of 220kV links,one at each side, initially envisaged for limited exchange of about 150 MWKrishnanagar(Eastern India)-Ishurdi(Western Bangladesh)Shahjibazar(Eastern Bangladesh)-Kumarghat(N-E India)

South Asian Gird - India and BangladeshSouth Asian Gird - India and Bangladesh

• There are proposals to set up Gas projects by IPPs for selling power to India

• Scheme evolved for importing 1000 - 1500 MW power from Gas projects in Bangladesh

Establishment of a S/s at Krishna Nagar in West Bengal through LILO of Farakka-Jeerat 400 kV D/c line

Gen. station - Ishurdi (Bangladesh) 400 kV 2xD/c Ishurdi - Krishna Nagar (India) 400 kV 3 ckt. Krishna Nagar - Jamshedpur 400 kV D/c Jamshedpur - Rourkela 400 kV D/c

South Asian Grid – India and MyanmarSouth Asian Grid – India and Myanmar

• Govt. of Myanmar had proposed to develop Tamanthi HEP (12x100MW) across the river Chindwin

• About 700 to 800 MW power from this project might be transferred to India

• Myanmar shares boundary with North-Eastern Region of India

• 400kV links proposed for evacuation of power into India

Tamanthi – Badarpur – Misa – Siliguri line

South Asian Grid – India and Sri Lanka South Asian Grid – India and Sri Lanka

• Proposal for interconnection of Sri Lanka with

Southern Regional Grid of India under discussion

• Usage of HVDC bipole or HVDC back-to-back in

conjunction with AC lines suggested

SOUTH ASIAN GRID

THE ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED

Issues to be addressed : Techincal

Firming –up the availability of power i.e. .• Quantum of power available for exchange• Periodicity of availability/Allocation of firm power

Identification of Reliability criteria.

Establishing the feasibility of interconnection.

Choice of interconnection and technology, considering – Right of way, Cost, Equipment availability etc.

Issues to be addressed : Operation of Interconnection

• Operating Code Establishment of Operating Code by the

participating countries

• Commercial arrangements Pricing of power

Payment Security Mechanism

Terms for Indemnification

Sharing of International Experience for Bulk Power Exchange

Issue to be addressed : Legal

• Legal arrangements

Firming up of procedures for dispute settlement and Arbitration

Applicability of Laws of Respective countries/ International Laws

• Institutional Arrangement

Identification/ Creation of Common Agency to regulate, Administer and Operationalize the Interconnection on long term basis

Establishment of Co-ordination Centres to Govern the Operational matters on Daily and Short Term basis

Issues to be addressed : Financial

possibilities of funding arrangement

Multilateral Funding

Private Investment

In either case following aspects are to be considered:Sale/ Purchase of Power on a sustained/ long term basis

Security of Payment / Signing of Covenant

Immunity to Political Changes and changes in Law