Development of the Circulating Fluidized Development of the Circulating Fluidized Bed for the Energy Technology in KoreaBed for the Energy Technology in Korea

2009.10.12.

APEC Expert Group on Clean Fossil Energy

Dowon ShunKorea Institute of Energy Researchdshun@kier.re.kr

New Energy with CFB TechnologyNew Energy with CFB Technology

Low rank coal

Brown coal

Oil sand

Hyper coal/UCC

Drying

PC

CFBC

(PFBC)

USC-PC

SC-CFB

DCFC

Gas turbine

Diesel engine

Gasification

H2/CH4

FT

MeOH/DME

Gas turbine

MTO/MTG

Extraction

RetortingUpgrading Syn. crude

Source Technology Product

Research FieldResearch Field

CO2 absorption with DryCO2 absorption with Dry Sorbent Technology

Pilot scale test, 2000 Nm3/h

100 Nm3/hCommercial level sorbent

‘08

2 Nm3/h process test facilityMet the target performances of sorbent in the Lab

‘05

2000 Nm3/h demo. facility by KIER(2010)

Sorb TKX 35Sorb KX 40

Boiler

Regeneration

Waste Heat

100 % CO2

Clean gas without CO 2

MHCO

3

M2 CO

3

Flue gas + CO2

H2O

Carbonation

Chemical Looping Combustion - KIER, Korea, 50kWChemical Looping Combustion - KIER, Korea, 50kW

2nd generation

Air HC

CO2, H2ON2

M -> MO MO -> M

200kW by 2010

Development of Fluidized Bed Development of Fluidized Bed GasifierGasifier for Low Rank Coalfor Low Rank Coal

Char Combustor

Cyclone

Air Separator

Screw Feeder

Coal Hopper

CeramicFilter

Char

Pyro

lysis Rea

ctor

CO2

O2

Gas

Clean-upSeparation

Tar/Oil

CO2

Gasification of 1TPD of Coal@30ata 950C

Research on CFBCResearch on CFBC

1MWe CFBC for RDF

0.1MWth Test unit

1KWth Emission Test unit

10MWe commercial CFBC forRDF

Tech service for CFBC, CJ China 1991 1997

2007

2010

2007

• Boiler design• Fuel variation• Diagnosis• Business consulting

Business consulting for CFBC power plants

2008

Kier 1MWe CFB boiler for coKier 1MWe CFB boiler for co--generationgeneration

The 8MWth and 1MWe capacity boiler designed and constructed by KThe 8MWth and 1MWe capacity boiler designed and constructed by KIERIER

•Fluidized bed coal drying technology for low rank coal•Energy saving multi chamber circulating fluidized bed

•Fluidized bed coal drying technology for low rank coal•Energy saving multi chamber circulating fluidized bed

Design and construction of a Commercial 500 ton/day unit

Design and construction of a Design and construction of a Commercial 500 ton/day unitCommercial 500 ton/day unit

Upgrading of Low Rank CoalUpgrading of Low Rank Coal

1ton/h by 2010

StorageDrying

Pore plugging

Post treatment

Heat recovery

PelletizingHeat supply

Feeding

Coal drying technogy for coking coalCoal drying technogy for coking coal

• Moisture 10-> 2%• Low grade coal mixing• 250ton/h commercial unit

• Moisture 10-> 2%• Low grade coal mixing• 250ton/h commercial unit

• Drying and pelletizing can improve coke quality• Cokes stength increase and Low grade coal can be utilized• Multi stage operation with trouble free operation• A 0.5ton/d test unit

• Drying and pelletizing can improve coke quality• Cokes stength increase and Low grade coal can be utilized• Multi stage operation with trouble free operation• A 0.5ton/d test unit

StorageCyclone

Air heating

FeedingBag filterGas cooler

Classification

Fines

Supercritical CFBSupercritical CFB

Large scale power generation >500MWe

Substitutes ~ 500MWe PC

Maximum fuel flexibility for power plant

From low rank lignite to Anthracite

Low emission

High efficiency of 45% LHV

LagizaLagizaEPRIEPRI--USAUSAChinese 600MWChinese 600MW

Industrial FieldIndustrial Field

CFB Technology in RefineriesCFB Technology in Refineries

FCC Process in RefineriesFCC Process in Refineries

FCC

OlefinOlefin

Recovery

GasGasOilsOils FCC GasolineGasoline

Cycle OilsCycle Oils

LightLightOlefinsOlefins

CC44--CC88

LPGLPG

CC22==CC33==

OlefinCracking

Conventional

Distribution of CFB boiler in KoreaDistribution of CFB boiler in Korea

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

1986

1988

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

2012

Year

Ste

am

ra

te(T

on

/h)

RDF

Coal

Fuel flexibility of CFBCFuel flexibility of CFBC

CFB Boiler

Steam

Power

Flue gas

N2, O2, CO, CO2,

H2O,Soot, SOx, NOx

Energy

Low Emission

Brown Coal

Biomass

Waste

Waste to energy for metropolitanWaste to energy for metropolitan

Cogen.

Industry

RDF factory

10 Eco-energy sectors throughout the country

CFBC for RDF and BiomassCFBC for RDF and Biomass10MWe CFBC co-generation facility for RDFü New concept for RDF

ü Core technology ü Feedingü Bed drainü Emissionü Corrosion prevention

Commercial scale CFBC with fuel flexibilityü Dispersed generationü Utilizing RDF, biomass, low

rank coal10 MWe CFBC for RDF 10 MWe CFBC for RDF

4846,6521,3095,343Cities

2082,7083842,324Metropols

Capacity(MWe)TotalIndustrial Waste

(TPD)Municioal Waste

(TPD)

4846,6521,3095,343Cities

2082,7083842,324Metropols

Capacity(MWe)TotalIndustrial Waste

(TPD)Municioal Waste

(TPD)

CFBC burning Low Rank CoalCFBC burning Low Rank Coal

Kumho Energy 300TPH CFBC 250TPH coal/TDF CFB

WonjuWonju 10MWe CFBC for RDF10MWe CFBC for RDF

Brown coal upgradingBrown coal upgrading

Briquetting

Pore treatment•HHV 4500kcal/kg•Water 35~45%•Ash 2~5%

•HHV 6500kcal/kg•Water 3~10%•Ash 2~5%

Dewatering

Ash separation

100M2% Subst.15% Subst.2015

(5,000ton/day=1.5MT/y)

1B

-

-

Subsitution

US$

20% Subst

75MT

57MT

Utility

100% Subst.2020

(15MT/y)

10MT2020

5MTCurrent use (Bitu. Coal)

CHP

100M2% Subst.15% Subst.2015

(5,000ton/day=1.5MT/y)

1B

-

-

Subsitution

US$

20% Subst

75MT

57MT

Utility

100% Subst.2020

(15MT/y)

10MT2020

5MTCurrent use (Bitu. Coal)

CHP

ConclusionsConclusions

Expectancy of near future market

ü Energy savings are desperate

ü Improved utilization of coal and new energy required

CFB and be applied easily to marketable technologiesü Necessities can be integrated to produce new

technologies

ü Market requires considerable economy and applicable technologies