1 Abstract—In recent 30 years, the demand of electricity in China presents a huge increase. It is expected that China’s installed power capacity and electricity consumption will reach 1640 GW and 8.4x10 12 kWh by 2020, respectively, doubling the figures of 2010. However, the large coal, hydro, and wind power bases are mostly located in the western and north regions, approximately 800-3000 km away from the load centers. This situation drives China to develop long distance, large capacity, efficient, economic and clean energy transmission technology to meet rapid development of China. Ultra-high Voltage (UHV) transmission shows lots of advantages, such as the huge transmission capacity, the low power loss, saving transmission corridors, saving the unit costs, and so on. So, China has been committed to the UHV AC and DC development in the past decade. During the development of UHV AC/DC transmission systems, some key issues needed to be solved. Such issues include electromagnetic environmental and noise control issues, key equipment manufacturing, system security and stability, and some related insulation issues etc. To solve the above technical issues, the related industries of UHV were organized and four steps of developing routes were put forward by China. During 2005 to 2008, China has made a lot of UHV achievements, such as technical innovation in UHV equipment, UHV bushing design and manufacture, electrical field optimization, and UHV test facilities construction. Most of the key equipment, including transformer, shunt reactor, bushing, arrest, control and protection system, and gas insulated switchgear (GIS), are the first successfully developed in the world, and their performances are excellent. To develop UHV bushing process, the UHV AC and DC optimal design platform was established to optimally design various bushings, such as transformer bushing, oil-SF 6 bushing, wall bushing, and so on. The developed XJTU-formula composite with excellent dielectric properties is widely used in manufacture of UHV bushings. Through electric field analysis and simulation of the whole substation, UHV DC valve hall and transmission line, the corona noise of UHV substations was greatly decreased and electromagnetic environment control means and methods of UHV transmission line were proposed. In addition, a lot of UHV test facilities were established, including UHV AC test base, UHV DC test base, Tibet high-altitude test base, simulation center, high power laboratory, and R&D center. These test bases provide lots of useful experience for the construction of UHV projects. After solving the key issues in UHV development, China began to construct UHV engineering practices. In January 2009, the Jindongnan—Jingmen 1000kV UHV AC Pilot project with the transmission distance of 640km was put into operation. In July 2010, the Xiangjiaba—Shanghai 800kV UHV DC Pilot project with transmission distance of 1891km was put into operation. By the end of 2014, there were three UHV AC and four UHV DC transmissions constructed and put into operation. These projects, which were independently developed, designed and built by China, present the features of feasibility, safety, and economy. Based on the China’s UHV plan in the future, more than 14 links will be constructed, including 13 ±800kV UHV DC and 1 ±1100kV UHV DC transmission lines by 2020. Among them, the Zhundong—Wannan ±1100kV UHV DC transmission system which will reach the world’s highest voltage class, the largest transmission capacity (12000MW) and the longest transmission distance (3300km) will be constructed. To solve the new challenges caused by the increasing voltage level, China has launched studies on key technology of ±1100kV UHV DC transmission in 2009 and some progress has been made. Upon these projects, China also made plans for medium and long term power flow pattern, including the construction of “Global Energy Internet” and the forming of cross-border and cross-region interconnections in the global context. Index Terms — Ultra-high Voltage, Transmission, AC/ DC, Insulation. REFERENCES [1] Zhenya Liu, “Electric Power and Energy in China,” China Electric Power press, Beijing, 2012. [2] Shiying Ma, Yonghua Yin, Yong Tang, et al., “Simulation and evaluation for short term and mid/long term voltage stability,” Power system. Technology. Vol. 30, no. 19, pp. 14-20, 2006.(in Chinese) [3] Wen Yun. “Thermal power call for UHV,” State Grid, no.1, pp.13-14,2006.(in Chinese) [4] Hanping Liang, Xiong Wu, Xuming Liang, “Operation losses and economic evaluation of UHV AC and HVDC transmission systems,” High Voltage Engineering. Vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 630-635, 2013.(in Chinese) [5] Shuyong Chen, Feili Huang, Baohui Zhang, et al., “Fast development of Chinese power industry and its impacts Development of UHV Transmission and Insulation Technology in China Shengtao Li State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China, 710049 (E-mail: [email protected].) Forum for Electromagnetic Research Methods and Application Technologies (FERMAT) *This use of this work is restricted solely for academic purposes. The author of this work owns the copy right and no reproduction in any form is permitted without written permission by the author. *
Transcript
1
Abstract—In recent 30 years, the demand of electricity in China presents a huge increase. It is expected that China’s installed power capacity and electricity consumption will reach 1640 GW and 8.4x1012 kWh by 2020, respectively, doubling the figures of 2010. However, the large coal, hydro, and wind power bases are mostly located in the western and north regions, approximately 800-3000 km away from the load centers. This situation drives China to develop long distance, large capacity, efficient, economic and clean energy transmission technology to meet rapid development of China. Ultra-high Voltage (UHV) transmission shows lots of advantages, such as the huge transmission capacity, the low power loss, saving transmission corridors, saving the unit costs, and so on. So, China has been committed to the UHV AC and DC development in the past decade.
During the development of UHV AC/DC transmission systems, some key issues needed to be solved. Such issues include electromagnetic environmental and noise control issues, key equipment manufacturing, system security and stability, and some related insulation issues etc. To solve the above technical issues, the related industries of UHV were organized and four steps of developing routes were put forward by China. During 2005 to 2008, China has made a lot of UHV achievements, such as technical innovation in UHV equipment, UHV bushing design and manufacture, electrical field optimization, and UHV test facilities construction. Most of the key equipment, including transformer, shunt reactor, bushing, arrest, control and protection system, and gas insulated switchgear (GIS), are the first successfully developed in the world, and their performances are excellent. To develop UHV bushing process, the UHV AC and DC optimal design platform was established to optimally design various bushings, such as transformer bushing, oil-SF6 bushing, wall bushing, and so on. The developed XJTU-formula composite with excellent dielectric properties is widely used in manufacture of UHV bushings. Through electric field analysis and simulation of the whole substation, UHV DC valve hall and transmission line, the corona noise of UHV substations was greatly decreased and electromagnetic environment control means and methods of UHV transmission line were proposed. In addition, a lot of UHV test facilities were established, including UHV AC test base, UHV DC test base, Tibet high-altitude test base, simulation center, high power laboratory, and R&D center. These test bases provide lots of useful experience for the construction of UHV projects.
After solving the key issues in UHV development, China began to construct UHV engineering practices. In January 2009, the Jindongnan—Jingmen 1000kV UHV AC Pilot project with the transmission distance of 640km was put into operation. In July 2010, the Xiangjiaba—Shanghai 800kV UHV DC Pilot project with transmission distance of 1891km was put into operation. By the end of 2014, there were three UHV AC and four UHV DC transmissions constructed and put into operation. These projects, which were independently developed, designed and built by China, present the features of feasibility, safety, and economy.
Based on the China’s UHV plan in the future, more than 14 links will be constructed, including 13 ±800kV UHV DC and 1 ±1100kV UHV DC transmission lines by 2020. Among them, the Zhundong—Wannan ±1100kV UHV DC transmission system which will reach the world’s highest voltage class, the largest transmission capacity (12000MW) and the longest transmission distance (3300km) will be constructed. To solve the new challenges caused by the increasing voltage level, China has launched studies on key technology of ±1100kV UHV DC transmission in 2009 and some progress has been made. Upon these projects, China also made plans for medium and long term power flow pattern, including the construction of “Global Energy Internet” and the forming of cross-border and cross-region interconnections in the global context.
Index Terms — Ultra-high Voltage, Transmission, AC/ DC, Insulation.
REFERENCES
[1] Zhenya Liu, “Electric Power and Energy in China,”China Electric Power press, Beijing, 2012.
[2] Shiying Ma, Yonghua Yin, Yong Tang, et al.,“Simulation and evaluation for short term and mid/longterm voltage stability,” Power system. Technology. Vol.30, no. 19, pp. 14-20, 2006.(in Chinese)
[3] Wen Yun. “Thermal power call for UHV,” State Grid,no.1, pp.13-14,2006.(in Chinese)
[4] Hanping Liang, Xiong Wu, Xuming Liang, “Operationlosses and economic evaluation of UHV AC and HVDCtransmission systems,” High Voltage Engineering. Vol.39, no. 3, pp. 630-635, 2013.(in Chinese)
[5] Shuyong Chen, Feili Huang, Baohui Zhang, et al., “Fastdevelopment of Chinese power industry and its impacts
Development of UHV Transmission and Insulation Technology in China
Shengtao Li
State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment
Forum for Electromagnetic Research Methods and Application Technologies (FERMAT)
*This use of this work is restricted solely for academic purposes. The author of this work owns the copy right and no reproduction in any form is permitted without written permission by the author. *
2
on power system R&D,” 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, Tampa, FL, pp. 1–6, 2007.
[6] Yunzhou Zhang, “Application analysis of 1000 kV UHV AC transmission technique in China,” Electric Power, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 1–4, Jul. 2007. (in Chinese)
[7] Daochun Huang, Jiangjun Ruan, Wu Wen, et al. “Study on electromagnetic environment of UHV AC transmission lines,” Power System Technology, no.1, pp.6-11, Jan.2007.(in Chinese)
[8] Goda Y, Matsuda S, Inaba T, et al. “Insulation recovery time after fault arc interruption for rapid auto-reclosing on UHV (1000 kV class) transmission lines,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 10, no. 2 pp. 1060-1065, 1995.
[9] Yinbiao Shu, “Current status and development of national grid of China,” 2005 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference &Exhibition: Asia and Pacific, Dalian, China, pp. 1–2, 2005.
[10] Zhicheng Guan, and Guoli Wang, “The projects and related key techniques of ultra-high voltage transmission in China,” China Southern Power Grid Technology Research, vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 12–18, Nov. 2005.
[11] Wei Jiang, Guangning Wu, Shengxue Wang, and Zhen Huang, “The survey of insulation problems of UHV transmission system,” IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation (ISEI) 2008, pp. 518–523, 2008.
[12] Dingxie Gu, Peihong Zhou, Muhong Xiu, Sen Wang, Min Dai, and Ying Lou, “Study on over-voltage and insulation coordination for 1000 kV AC transmission system,” High Voltage Engineering, vol. 32, no. 12, pp. 1–6,Dec. 2006. (in Chinese)
[13] Jianlin Hu, Caixin Sun, Xingliang Jiang, Zhijin Zhang, and Lichun Shu, “Flashover performance of pre-contaminated and ice-covered composite insulators to be used in 1000 kV UHV AC transmission lines,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 1347–1356, Dec.2007.
[14] Bo He, Haiyun Jin, Naikui Gao, Bangfa Chen and Zongren Peng, “Characteristics of dust deposition on suspended insulators during simulated sandstorm,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 100-105, 2010.
[15] Jie Zhao, Gang Wang, Kai Yin, and Haifeng Li, “Study of over-voltages on 800 kV UHV DC transmission system,” IEE International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission, London, U.K, pp. 187–191, 2006.
[16] Xingliang Jiang, Jihe Yuan, Zhijin Zhang, Jianlin Hu, and Lichun Shu, “Study on pollution flashover performance of short samples of composite insulators intended for 800 kV UHV DC,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 1192–1200, Oct. 2007.
[17] Cuixia Zhang, Shuchun Du, and Dong Ge, “Lightning protection and insulation level of 1000 kV UHV substation,” Electric Power, vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 21–23, Oct. 2006, (in Chinese).
[18] Daochun Huang, Yinbiao Shu, Jiangjun Ruan and Yi Hu, “Ultra High Voltage Transmission in China: Developments, Current Status and Future Prospects”, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 97, no. 3, pp. 555-583, 2009.
[19] Xinqiao Wu, Zongren Peng, Peng Liu and Zhong Yu, “Calculation of Electric-field Distribution and Research on Characteristics of Shielding Ring along the Long-rod Post Porcelain Insulators Used in 1000kv System,” International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials (ICPADM) 2006, pp. 603-606.
[20] Xi Yang, Zongren Peng and Jintao Liao, “Grading ring optimization for tension porcelain insulator string on Double Circuit Tension Tower in 1000 kV AC Transmission Lines,” IEEE 10th International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials (ICPADM) 2012, pp. 1-4.
[21] Guifang Wu, Jiayu Lu, and Fangyin Shao, “Research on electro-magnetic environment of UHV transmission lines,” Electricity, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 42–46, Sept. 2005.
[22] Xiong Wu, Baoquan Wan, and Yao Lu, “Study on electromagnetic environment for 1000 kV AC transmission line,” High Voltage Engineering, vol. 32, no. 12,pp. 55–58, Dec. 2006, (in Chinese)
[23] Xin Ning, Hua Feng, Hongliang Zhang, Peng Liu, Zhen Xiang and Zongren Peng, “Dielectric properties of multi-layer epoxy resinimpregnated crepe paper composites,” IEEE Trans. Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 161-168, 2014.
[24] Xin Ning, Zhen Xiang, Peng Liu, Zongren Peng and Shaoqing Chen, “Space charge characteristics of epoxy-creped paper composites,” IEEE International Conference on Solid Dielectrics (ICSD) 2013, pp. 263-266, 2013
Shengtao Li (M’96-SM’11), was born in Sichuan, China, in February 1963. He received the B.Sc., M. Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering, from Xi'an Jiaotong University (XJTU) in 1983, 1986, and 1990, respectively. He worked at Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, as JSPS research fellow for 3 months in 1996, and did research at the University of Southampton, UK, as a senior visiting scholar for 6 months in 2001. He was a Lecturer, Associate Professor, and Professor with Xi'an
Jiaotong University, China, in 1990, 1993, and 1998, respectively. From1993 to 2003, he was a deputy director of the State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment (SKLEIPE) in Xi'an Jiaotong University. Since 2003, he has been an executive deputy director of SKLEIPE. In 2014, he took the guest editor of the Special Issue of IEEE TDEI to Recognize and Celebrate the 60th Anniversary of Electrical Insulation and Dielectrics in China. He received program support from the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China in 2006. His research interests are dielectric theory and application, functional materials in electrical engineering and devices investigation, insulating materials and insulation technology used in extreme environments. He can be reached by email at [email protected].
Development of UHV Transmission and Insulation Technology in China
Shengtao Li
State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power EquipmentXi’an Jiaotong University
• In 2010, power consumption per person in China is 3140kWh, less than that inUSA (14200kWh) and OECD(8872kWh).
• Installed capacity is undergoing increasing and will reach 1.64GkW in 2020.
OECD: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development4/59
South China Sea
Bohai Sea
Yellow Sea
East China Sea
South China SeaSouth China Sea Islands
South China Sea
LegendLarge coal power basesLarge hydro power basesLarge wind power bases
Power flowLoad centers
• China, a vast country, shows mismatch between the energy resource and load center.• It is urgently needed to develop large capacity, long distance, efficient, economic and clean
energy transmission technology to meet this requirement of China.
Demand for developing UHV transmission
Distribution of resource and load center
5/59
01000200030004000500060007000
AC500kV AC1000kV DC500kV DC660kV DC800kV
950
5000
30003800
6500Tr
ansm
issi
on c
apac
ity(M
W)
Voltage Level（kV AC）Relative value of
natural power capacityHigh voltage 220 (base) 1
Extra high voltage330 2.25500 5.94750 14.38
Ultra high voltage 1000 31.251500 75.30
Transmission capacity value from HV, EHV to UHV
Features of UHV transmission
Huge capacity
6/59
• The transmission power of a 1000kV UHV AC line is about 4~5 times that ofa 500kV EHV AC line.
• The power loss of a 1000kV UHV AC line is 30% of that of a 500kV EHV AC line.
Features of UHV transmission
Low power loss
7/59
Voltage level(kV)HV EHV UHV
200kV 300kV 500kV 750kV 1000~1150kV
Corridor width (m) 26~38 38~45 45~60 60~90 90~120
Utilization rate of corridor (MW/m) 9.61~6.48 15.8~13.3 26.6~20.0 41.1~27.8 66.7~50.0
Corridors of 1000kV and 500kV AC with the same transmission capacity
Features of UHV transmission
Save transmission corridors
Relationship between corridor width and voltage level
1000kV
500kV
8/59
Voltage level (kV)
Transmissiondistance (km)
Transmissioncapacity
(MW)
Naturalpower(MW)
Unit cost(103 RMB/km)
Transmissioncorridor
width (m)
110 30 ~ 120 30 ~ 60
220 100 ~ 250 100 ~ 200 160 500 26
330 200 ~ 500 200 ~ 500 360 900 38
500 250 ~ 800 400 ~ 1,000 950 1,500 45
750 500 ~ 1,200 1,000 ~ 2,500 2,300 2,460 70
1000 1,000 ~ 2,000 2,000 ~ 6,000 5,000 4,500 90
Features of UHV transmission
Summary
• Advantages of UHV transmission:Large capacity, Long distance, corridor saving, Low power loss, Economic…
• We need to develop the UHV transmission.
9/59
Outline
Background of UHV Transmission Development
Advancement in UHV Transmission Technology
UHV Engineering Practice
UHV in the Future
Conclusion
10/59
2 Advancement in UHV Transmission Technology
Key issues in UHV transmission
Technical innovation in UHV equipment
UHV bushing design and manufacture
Electric field optimization
UHV test facilities
11/59
• Deep suppression of overvoltage
• Outdoor insulation
• Indoor insulation
• Specifications of main equipment
• System security and stability
• Electromagnetic environment and
noise control
Key issues in UHV transmission
Key technical issues
• Ultra high voltage
• Large capacity
• Long distance
• Environment protection
12/59
• Coordination and cooperation
Scientific research
Feasibility study DesignManufacture
DebugOperation Construction
Cross-industry, cross-discipline and cross-department
Short-time (5min) power frequency dry-withstand voltage 1200kV(rms)
Lightning (full wave) impulse withstand voltage
2400kV(crest) ±15 times
Chopped lightning impulse withstand voltage 2760kV(crest) -5 times
Switching impulsewet-withstand voltage
1960kV(crest) ±15 times
Power frequency withstand voltage IEC60137
Bending withstand load 7000N
1100kV AC transformer bushing26/59
Dry-type oil-SF6 bushing Electrical property test Installation
Oil-immersed oil-SF6 bushing Electrical property test Installation
UHV Bushing
• The first UHV AC dry-type oil-SF6 bushing, rated voltage/current : 1100 kV/3150 A
• Oil-immersed oil-SF6 bushing, rated voltage : 1000 kV
Technical innovation in UHV equipment
27/59
Electrical property test
Installation ±800kV converter transformer
±800kV DC dry bushing Temperature-rise test
Torque test
Length:13.456mWeight: 4.7t
UHV±800kV DC converter transformer bushing
Technical innovation in UHV equipment
28/59
Developed insulation system design software
Transient field calculation with polarity reversion
Optimization of insulation system design
Analysis of AC and DC coupling electric field
Developed transient field analysis software
Proposed optimal design method of bushings
UHV bushing design and manufacture
Established the UHV AC and DC optimal design platform Optimized design of transformer bushing, oil-SF6 bushing, wall bushing.
29/59
• The dielectric, physical and chemical properties, impregnating and curing propertiesreach the international leading level.
• Bushing composite with XJTU-formula has excellent dielectric properties.• The electrical, thermal and mechanical properties can be improved by controlling the
morphology of bushing composite.• The partial discharge can be suppressed by interfacial treatment.
• which is lower than that of 500kV EHV substation
Electric field optimization of UHV substation
Electric field optimization
32/59
• Proposed electromagnetic environment control means and methods of UHV transmission line • Optimized the electromagnetic environment of UHV transmission line
EnvironmentalInfluence factor
Control criteria Note
Power frequencyelectric field
intensity (kV/m)
4 Nearby residential buildings
7 Cross over highway
10 Other areas
Power frequency magnetic induction
strength (μT)100 /
Radio interference/dB (μV/m) 55
Reference frequency is 0.5 MHz, 20 m away from the vertical
projection of side phase, fair weather
Audible noise/dB (A)
According to GB3096 -93 National Standard of China
Electric field optimization of UHV transmission line
Electric field optimization
33/31
±800kV valve hallsimulating calculation
Simulating calculation of ±800kV DC switchyard and valve hall
±600kV valve hallsimulating calculation
±400kV valve hallsimulating calculation
• Corona noise control, current-conducting capacity, and mechanical reliability• A complete set of fittings have been developed
Environmental influence factor
Control criteria
Total electric field strength at ground level (kV/m)
30
25
15
Ion current density at ground level (mA/m2) 100
DC magnetic induction intensity at ground level (mT)
10
Radiointerference/dB (μV/m)
55
Electric field optimization of both UHV DC valve hall and transmission line
Electric field optimization
34/31
SGCC Simulation Center• Digital simulation• Dynamic simulation• Operation and safety supervision
UHV Test Facilities
UHV AC Test Base• UHV AC experimental line• Electromagnetic environment measurement
laboratory• UHV AC corona cage • Artificial climate laboratory• 7500kV outdoor impulse test field• UHV VFTO test circuit• Long-term observation base for ecologic
impacts
UHV DC Test Base• Outdoor test field• Test hall• Pollution and environment laboratory• Arrester laboratory• Insulator laboratory• Corona cage• UHV experimental line• Electromagnetic environment simulation test
field
Tibet High-Altitude Test Base• Outdoor test field• Pollution laboratory• Experimental line
High power laboratory• Short-circuit generator• Drive motor• Short-circuit transformer• Synthetic circuit
R&D center• System test support platform• Design supporting system for key
techniques of valve halls• Special software system for
integrated design of UHV DC projects 35/59
• Lightning/switching impulse tests on DC insulators and various air gaps.
• Live working tests• Lightning/switching impulse tests on large
equipment
• Examine the electromagnetic environment of UHV DC transmission lines in different configurations
• Researches on insulation and electromagnetic environment characteristics of transmission and equipment at an altitude of 4000m and higher
• Consisted of an outdoor test field, a pollution laboratory and an experimental line
2
3
Outdoor test field( Changping Park East)
Tibet high-altitude test base( Yangbajing Town, Dangxiong County)
1 UHV DC experimental line( Changping Park East)
Altitude: 4300m
1080m-lengthin double-circuit ±1200kV design
36/59
Outline
Background of UHV Transmission Development
Advancement in UHV Transmission Technology
UHV Engineering Practice
UHV in the Future
Conclusion
37/59
• By 2014, China has constructed 3 AC and 4 DC UHV projects
UHV Engineering Practice
Hydropower BaseConvertor StationSubstationUHV ±800kV DC LineUHV 1000kV AC Line
Hami
South China Sea
Yellow Sea
East China Sea
South China Sea
South China Sea Islands
South China Sea
Haminan
Zhengzhou
Jindongnan
Nanyang
Jingmen
Fuzhou
ZhebeiNanhuiShanghaiSunan
Huainan
Hydropower BaseConvertor StationSubstationUHV ±800kV DC LineUHV 1000kV AC Line
38/59
ProjectsVoltage
Level (kV)Transmission Distance (km)
Capacity(x106kWh)
Operation Year
UHV AC
Jindongnan-Jingmen 1000 640 18.0 2009
Huainan-Shanghai
1000 2×656 21.0 2013
Zhebei-Fuzhou
1000 2×603 18.0 2014
UHV DC
Xiangjiba-Shanghai ±800 1,907 12.8 2010
Jinping-Sunan ±800 2,097 14.4 2012
Haminan-Zhengzhou ±800 2,210 16.6 2014
Xiluodu-Zhexi ±800 1,680 16.0 2014
UHV Engineering Practice
39/59
• Changzhi-Nanyang-Jingmen, total length 654km, crossing Yellow River and Han River.
• Preparatory work began in 2004 and theconstruction began in Aug, 2006 and wascompleted in Dec, 2008.
• The world’s first transmission line commerciallyrunning on 1000 kV UHV AC.
• Developed, designed, and built independently byChina.
UHV Engineering Practice
ChangzhiSubstation
NanyangSwitching Station
JingmenSubstation
中国地图
1000kV Jindongnan-Nanyang-Jingmen UHV AC pilot project
40/59
±800kV Xiangjiaba-Shanghai UHV DC project
UHV Engineering Practice
• Put into operation in 2010.• Rated ±800kV , 4000A, and 6400MW.• The world’s highest voltage class, the largest transmission capacity, the longest
transmission distance, and the most advanced technologies.
UHV DC pilot project
FulongConvertor
Station
FengxianConvertor Station
±800kV UHV DC Xiangjiaba-Shanghai Project is routed via Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui,Zhejiang, Jiangsu province, the total line length is 1917km
41/59
• Rated ±800kV，4000A, and 6400MW.• Fulong converter station is located in Jinsha River area, Sichuan
UHV Engineering Practice
Fulong converter station
42/59
• The Xinjiyang large-crossing over Yangtze River, key node of the pilot project• Successfully capped in August 2009.• Workers were working at the height of 240 meters.
UHV Engineering Practice
Project capping
43/59
Outline
Background of UHV Transmission Development
Advancement in UHV Transmission Technology
UHV Engineering Practice
UHV in the Future
Conclusion
44/59
4 UHV in the Future
Medium and long term power flow pattern in China
Future UHV plans in China
Key technology and progress of ±1100kV DC
transmission
45/59
Future UHV Plans in China
South China Sea
Bohai Sea
Yellow Sea
East China Sea
South China SeaSouth China Sea Islands
South China Sea
LegendCoal power flowHydro power flowWind power flowInternational power flow
Kazakhstan
Inner Mongolia
Mongolia
Southwest
ShanxiShaanxi Ningxia
Gansu
Xinjiang
Tibet
RussiaRussia
Yili
• In the future, the “Global Energy Internet” will be constructed. • Cross-border and cross-region interconnections in the global context are
booming to cover more areas.
Medium and long term power flow pattern in China
46/31
• By 2020, more than 14 links will be constructed in China, including 13 ±800kV UHVDC and 1 ±1100kV UHV DC transmission lines.
• Zhundong—Wannan ±1100kV UHV DC transmission system will reach the world’shighest voltage class, the largest transmission capacity (12000MW) and the longesttransmission distance (3300km).
Future UHV plans in China
济南
晋东南
荆门上海
天津南
淮南
武汉
徐州
泰州
苏州
石家庄
皖南
北京东
潍坊
蒙西
南阳
长沙
南昌浙中
156
350
200
175
362
283
368280
152165
63
361
287
158
404180
474
晋东南煤电
陕北煤电
蒙西煤电
淮北煤电
淮南煤电
雅砻江梯级
金沙江I期
苏南
青岛
银川东
南汇枫泾
驻马店
北京西
郑州
490
300
160
300
330
300
至呼盟
1600
207
223
908
南京
东北华北背靠背
中俄背靠背
灵宝背靠背
格尔木
拉萨
1040
宝鸡
德阳
550
1335
1705
1000
19352083
辽宁张北
280
16002400
500kV AC
Legend
363
锡盟
锡盟煤电
2740
准东
酒泉
哈密
2300
至广东
浙北145
225
乌兰察布
晋中煤电
300
陕北
320
298
溧阳
1450
宝清煤电
1500
唐山
1260
至蒙古
宝坻
150
雅安
重庆 长寿260 130
140
陇东
新余
1400
临沂
1200彬长 豫北
236
乐山
青州
包头
290
200
温州
福州
310
晋北
湘潭
浙西
488万县
180
晋北煤电
160
330靖边宁东煤电
上海庙
晋中
连云港210
1000kV AC±500kV DC
±660kV DC
±1100kV DC±800kV DC
UHV AC
Four horizontal
transmission
Mengxi –Qingdao
Shaanbei –Lianyungang
Baoji –Taizhou
Leshan –Shanghai
Sixvertical
transmission
Ningdong –Chongqing
Jingbian –Enshi
Jingdongnan –Guangdong
Beijing – Nanchang
Tangshan –Nanjing
Qingdao –Fuzhou
UHV DC
Ningxia – East China
Russia – Liaoning
Haminan - Zhengzhou
Xiluodu - Zhexi
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Key technology of ±1100kV DC transmission
Key technical issues of ±1100kV UHV DC transmission• Specifications of main equipment• Outdoor and indoor insulation• Manufacturing of main equipment
In 2009, China launched studies of key technology of ±1100kV UHV DC transmission, including
• Justification for system schemes• Package design of ±1100kV UHV DC system• Development of specifications for main equipment in ±1100kV
converter station• Connection to the AC side of 750 or 1000kV grids• Air gaps for towers and DC switchyards.
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Progress in ±1100kV UHV DC transmission
According to equipment specifications, manufacturers in various countries developed prototypes and models of ±1100kV UHV DC equipment and completed relevant test.
System simulation analysis and calculation show that the scheme of connecting ±1100kV UHV DC to AC grids is reasonable.
Some other achievements have been made as follows:• System configuration scheme • Overvoltage and insulation coordination• ±1100kV converter transformers• ±1100kV converter valves• ±1100kV converter transformer valve side bushings and wall bushings• ±1100kV DC filters• Design of lines and towers
All these results provide a basis for developing ±1100kVUHV DC transmission.
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Outline
Background of UHV Transmission Development
Advancement in UHV Transmission Technology
UHV Engineering Practice
UHV in the Future
Conclusion
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Conclusion
The rapid development of China and the mismatch between energy and load centers drive China to develop UHV transmission.
There are many advantages of UHV transmission: large capacity, long distance, corridor saving, low power loss and high efficiency.
China has successfully developed UHV AC and DC technology. Main equipment with the world leading level has been independently designed and manufactured, such as UHV transformer, reactor, GIS, arrester, bushing and so on. At the same time, design platforms and test facilities have been established.
Several UHV projects have been put into operation and are under construction. Long-term plan to build UHV grid has been drawn up, aiming at building a power grid satisfying the requirement of safety, economy, reliability, and environment protection.
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Acknowledgement
The author sincerely acknowledges the supports of the National Natural
Science Foundation of China (Grant No.
51337008, 11275146, 51221005, and 51323012) and the National Basic
Research Program (973 Program) of China (Grant No.2011CB209404).
