Development of WFD compliant

Transnational Monitoring Network in

the Danube River Basin

Dr. Igor Dr. Igor LiškaLiška

ICPDR ICPDR SecretariatSecretariat

• 10% of Europe

• 83 mil inhabitants

• 18 countries

Most international river basin in the world

2

The Danube River Protection Convention

A legal frame for co-operation to assure the protection of water and ecological

resources and their sustainable use in the Danube River Basin

3

• Signed 29. June 1994• Entry into force 22. October 1998• Permanent Secretariat since 1 October 1999

has been established to implement the objectives and provisions and to achieve the

goals of the Danube River Protection Convention

The International Commission for the Protection of the

Danube River( ICPDR )

Ph

oto

WW

F

COUNTRY

GERMANY

AUSTRIA

of the state

POPULATION*

in DRB

82,398,326 9.300 11.49

8,188,207 7.700 9.51

CZECH REPUBLIC 10,249,216 2.800 3.46

SLOVAKIA 5,430,033 5.200 6.42

HUNGARY 10,045,407 10.045 12.60

capita million %

SLOVENIA 1,935,677 1.700 2.10

CROATIA 4,422,248 3.000 3.71

SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO 10,655,774 9.800 12.11

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 3,989,018 2.900 3.58

BULGARIA 7,537,929 3.500 4.32

ROMANIA 22,271,839 21.000 25.94

MOLDOVA 4,439,502 1.100 1.36

UKRAINE 48,055,439 2.650 3.27

ICPDR TOTAL 219,618,615 80.850 99.88

ALBANIA 3,582,206 0.010 0.01

ITALY 57,998,353 0.020 0.02

MACEDONIA 2,063,122 0.010 0.01

POLAND 38,622,660 0.040 0.05

SWITZERLAND 7,318,638 0.020 0.03

BASIN TOTAL 329,203,593 80.950 100.00

of the state

TOTAL AREA

in DRB

357,021 56,184 7.01

83,858 80,423 10.03

78,866 22,870 2.85

48,845 47,084 5.87

93,030 93,030 11.61

km2 km2 %

20,273 16,422 2.05

56,542 34,965 4.36

102,350 88,635 11.06

51,129 36,636 4.57

110,910 47,413 5.92

237,500 232,193 28.97

33,843 12,834 1.60

603,700 30,520 3.81

1,877,867 799,209 99.72

28,748 126 0.01

301,230 565 0.07

25,333 109 0.01

312,685 430 0.05

41,290 1,809 0.23

2,587,153 802,248 100.00

%

in state

DRB

15.74

95.90

29.00

96.39

100.00

81.00

61.84

86.60

71.65

42.75

97.77

37.92

5.06

0.44

0.19

0.43

0.14

4.38

name statusflag

EU CP

EU

EU

EU CP

EU CP

EU CP

EU CP

EU CP

Apl CP

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Acs CP

Acs CP

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CP

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Economic indicators (estd. in 2002)

GDP on PPP [ Euro / capita ]

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

DE AT CZ SK HU SI HR CS BA BG RO MD UA

EU Water Framework Directive

ICPDR – common platform for the implementation of EU WFD in the Danube River Basin

According to the Article 9 of the DRPC the Contracting Parties to DRPC have agreed to co-operate in the field of monitoring and assessment of the water resources.

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TNMN

• Based on national monitoring networks

• 78 sampling stations (76 provided data in 2003)

• 52 determinands in water

• Minimum sampling frequency 12/year (chem) 2/year (biol)

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M D 01

M D 04

R O 04

B G0 5

R O 09

R O 03

B G0 8B G0 4

B G0 3

R O05

B G0 2R O 02

B G0 1

R O 01H R0 8

H R0 2

B IH01

B IH02B IH03 B IH04

H R0 1

S CG 01

S CG 02S CG 03

S CG 09

S CG 10

S CG 11

S CG 13

S CG 04

S CG 15 S CG 16

S CG 05S CG 14

S CG 17

S CG 07

S CG 08

H 05

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0 5 0 1 00 2 50 km1 50 2 50

on the Danube River on the tributary

Monitoring location

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Determinand Unit Class I II - TV III IV V Class limit values Oxygen/Nutrient regime

Dissolved oxygen * mg.l-1 7 6 5 4 < 4 BOD5 mg.l-1 3 5 10 25 > 25 CODMn mg.l-1 5 10 20 50 > 50 CODCr mg.l-1 10 25 50 125 > 125 pH - > 6.5* and

< 8.5

Ammonium-N mg.l-1 0.2 0.3 0.6 1.5 > 1.5 Nitrite-N mg.l-1 0.01 0.06 0.12 0.3 > 0.3 Nitrate-N mg.l-1 1 3 6 15 > 15 Total-N mg.l-1 1.5 4 8 20 > 20 Ortho-phosphate-P mg.l-1 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 > 0.5 Total-P mg.l-1 0.1 0.2 0.4 1 > 1 Chlorophyll-a g.l-1 25 50 100 250 > 250

Metals (total) Zinc g.l-1 bg 100 200 500 > 500 Copper g.l-1 bg 20 40 100 > 100 Chromium (Cr-IIIVI) g.l-1 bg 50 100 250 > 250 Lead g.l-1 bg 5 10 25 > 25 Cadmium g.l-1 bg 1 2 5 > 5 Mercury g.l-1 bg 0.1 0.2 0.5 > 0.5 Nickel g.l-1 bg 50 100 250 > 250 Arsenic g.l-1 bg 5 10 25 > 25

Toxic substances AOX g.l-1 10 50 100 250 > 250 Lindane g.l-1 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 > 0.5 p,p´-DDT g.l-1 0.001 0.01 0.02 0.05 > 0.05 Atrazine g.l-1 0.02 0.1 0.2 0.5 > 0.5 Trichloromethane g.l-1 0.02 0.6 1.2 1.8 > 1.8 Tetrachloromethane g.l-1 0.02 1 2 5 > 5 Trichloroethene g.l-1 0.02 1 2 5 > 5 Tetrachloroethene g.l-1 0.02 1 2 5 > 5

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Variation in the reported values of COD-Cr and Atrazine in AQC samples

Analytical Quality Control

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Load assessment programme

• Integrated with the TNMN

• Loads are calculated for BOD5, inorganic

nitrogen, ortho-phosphate-phosphorus, dissolved phosphorus, total phosphorus, suspended solids and chlorides (voluntary)

• Minimum sampling frequency - at least 24 per year

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Joint Danube Survey - Objectives To produce a homogenous data set for the Danube River; To screen the EU WFD priority substances and biological

quality elements not covered by regular monitoring;

 

  To facilitate, specific training needs and improve in-country experience including laboratory inter-comparison;

   To promote public awareness.

Upgrade of TNMN according to WFDMajor objectives

• Future TNMN should focus on monitoring needs on the basin-wide level in rivers, groundwaters, protected areas and coastal waters.

• Surveillance monitoring - to provide an overview of the overall status and long-term changes of surface water and – where necessary – groundwater status in a basin-wide context with a particular attention paid to the transboundary pollution load

• Operational monitoring - for those bodies of water reported in the Article 5 Roof report, which have been identified as being at risk of failing to meet their environmental objectives

• Investigative monitoring – primarily national task; basin-wide via JDS, possible also triggering by AEWS

Surveillance monitoring – surface waters

• “Flagship” monitoring of the ICPDR at the basin-wide level– Focus on status as required by Annex V, 1.3– Info needed on trends and loads,

• Should fulfil both WFD and DRPC requirements• The agreements made with the Black Sea Commission

should be reflected as well• It has to be a part of national monitoring networks

• WFD requirements:– Supplementing and validating the risk assessment detailed in the

Danube Basin Analysis – WFD Roof Report 2004 according to Annex II WFD;

– The efficient and effective design of future monitoring programmes;– The assessment of long term changes in natural conditions (under

consideration – proposal to monitor the reference sites on the national level only and report on changes);

– The assessment of long term changes resulting from widespread anthropogenic activity and

– Estimating pollutants loads transferred across international boundaries and their discharging into the Black Sea.

• DRPC:– Compatibility maintained with the TNMN data from years 1996-2005

- would require increase of monitoring frequency as required by WFD

Surveillance monitoring – surface waters

• Surveillance monitoring of ecological and chemical status (complying with requirements as stated in Annex V, 1.3)

• Surveillance monitoring of specific pressures (basin-wide scale, selected determinands, higher frequencies) – more character of an operational monitoring but sites are not dropped after reaching compliance (based on the old TNMN)– Annual monitoring for selected physico-chemical parameters (organic

pollution, nutrients) and relevant PHS, PS and/or other substances. Hydromorphological parameters under consideration – site-specific only

How to put in coherence WFD requirements with a demand for continuity with the current TNMN?Draft proposal:

Surveillance monitoring – surface waters

Surveillance monitoring – sampling sites

• Surveillance monitoring of ecological and chemical status: sites selected on criteria given in Annex V. 1.3.1 – The rate of water flow is significant within the river basin district

as a whole including point on large rivers where the catchment is greater than 8,000 (?) km2

– Sites on the Danube River and its major tributaries– Black Sea coast included (although catchments smaller than 8,000

(?) km2)• Surveillance monitoring of specific pressures

– Sites required to estimate the pollutant load (e.g. of nutrients or hazardous substances)

– Sites for a long-term trend analysis - review of the existing TNMN sites

– Coastal sites included

Surveillance monitoring – quality elements

• Biology– Phytoplankton – Phytobenthos – Macrophytes– Benthic invertebrates– Fish

• Chemistry– PS and other PS – as surveillance strategy/ 1 per WB– General physico-chemical parameters – supportive to biology

• Hydromorphology– Supportive to biology

Quality elements – microbiology ???

• Intestinal Enterococci (I.E.) in cfu/100 ml (ISO 7899- )

• Escherichia coli (E.C.) in cfu/100 ml (ISO 9308-1)

• Are the large rivers selected for bathing water purposes?

• Should these determinands be voluntary or obligatory for the TNMN?

• Is there national sampling and analysis for microbiology?

• In order to assess bathing water quality more determinands may be needed and a rather dense frequency (especially in summer periods).

Monitoring frequency I

Sector Quality element Rivers Coastal waters

Biology Phytoplankton 3 years (6x) 3 years (6x)

Phytobenthos 3 years 3 years

Macrophytes 3 years 3 years

Benthic invertebrates 1 year (?) 1 year (?)

Fish 6 years

Hydromorphology Hydrological regime /Tidal regime

Continuous 6 years (high frequency)

River continuity 6 years

Morphology 6 years 6 years

Monitoring frequency II

Sector Quality element Rivers Coastal waters

Chemistry Priority substances regularly occurring in-stream:

Lindane, Atrazine, Cadmium, Lead, Mercury

1 year (12x) 1 year (12x)

Other polluting substances occurring in-stream:

DDT, Bisphenol A

1 year (12x) 1 year (12x)

Danube Priority substances and other substances on the EC list

6 years (12x) 6 years (12x)

General physico-chemical parameters 1 year (12x) 1 year (12x)

Operational monitoring – surface waters

• Selection of monitoring sites, determinands and frequencies to be done at the national level in line with the information requirements for a particular water body (depending on relevant pressures)– Includes monitoring of protected areas (habitat protection – those

listed in Roof Report) • Used for preparation of a basin-wide report

focused on fulfilling the WFD environmental objectives for water bodies listed in the basin-wide Article 5 report– The information from the relevant national operational monitoring

sites to be presented in a graphical form at the basin-wide scale– For each pressure a separate map should be prepared using the

format similar to that applied in the Roof Report 2004

Surface water

Part A Part B

Surveillance monitoring

TNMN sites national sites

Operational monitoring

All WB from RR 2004 at risk

national sites (WB at risk)

Investigative monitoring

JDS once in 6 years

As appropriate

Monitoring in protected areas

Part A Part B

Surveillance monitoring

national sites

Operational monitoring

All WB at risk in protected

areas shown in RR 2004

All WB at risk in protected

areas

Investigative monitoring

As appropriate As appropriate

Ground water

Part A Part B

Surveillance monitoring

11 GW bodies in RR 2004

national sites

Operational monitoring

All GW bodies at risk out of 11 GW bodies in RR 2004

All GW bodies at risk