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DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES AND
FUNCTIONAL EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMING
http://behavioursupports.wikispaces.com
Stages and sequences that ALL individuals go through from birth to adulthood.
Universal. Scaffolding process. Need pre-requisite skills before new skills
can be developed.
What are developmental milestones?
Preparation for ALL students. Education versus academics. Skills for life. Difference between education and daycare. Special Programs and education.
What is the purpose of Education?
Function is dependent on long term goals. Every student should be receiving
functional programming – not just IS students.
Samples of functional programming:◦ University Program Goal◦ Applied Program Goal◦ Work Entrance Goal◦ Life Skills Goal
What is Functional Programming?
Communication Skills Motor Skills Thinking and Problem Solving Skills Social and Play Skills
Developmental Milestones Activity
6 Months Activity 10 Months; 10 Months; 10 Months
Developmental Milestones Activity
Developmental Milestones 6 Months
Communication Motor Skills Thinking and Problem Solving
Social and Play Skills
Gurgles, Coos, Giggle, Squeals
Sits with support
Inspects objects for a long time
Explores textures, tastes, sounds
Focuses on other’s mouths when they speak
Rolls front to back, then back to front
Retrieves a partially hidden toy
Sensory-motor play evident
Mouths everything
Grasps objects (full hand)
Shakes and bangs toys
Enjoys and imitates social play
Eye gaze Tries to cooperate with dressing
Signals for ‘more’ – enjoys repeated play
Prefers to attend to faces rather than objects
12 Month Activity
Developmental Milestones Activity
Developmental Milestones 12 Months
Communication Motor Skills Thinking and Problem Solving
Social and Play Skills
Identifies objects when named (pointing)
Sits independently; stands alone and takes 1st steps
Can shift attention from person to object
Turn-taking in play and social interactions
Responds to ‘where is’ by pointing
Accurately reaches for toys
Finds hidden toy and will search for toy
Functional play with actual objects
Understands about 30 words
Self feeds with fingers
Overgeneralizes learning
Tries to make adults laugh
Joint Attention Greater control releasing than grasping objects
Stacks objects; can match simple shapes
Social referencing
18-24 Month Activity
Developmental Milestones Activity
Developmental Milestones 18-24 Months
Communication Motor Skills Thinking and Problem Solving
Social and Play Skills
Identifies simple body parts
Hops on two feet
Purposefully explores toys
Loves chasing games
Responds appropriately to yes/no question
Can move small objects from palm to fingers
Knows cause and effect
Functional and Dramatic play
Combines words into 2 word sentences
Builds tower of 4 blocks
Long term memory for events
Reacts to emotions of others
Takes 1-2 turns in communications
Simple tool use Begins sharing – but will take another’s toy without concern
Parallel play
2 ½ -3 Year Age Level Activity
Developmental Milestones Activity
Developmental Milestones 2 ½ - 3 Years
Communication Motor Skills Thinking and Problem Solving
Social and Play Skills
Knows big and little
Walks upstairs/down – alternating feet
Attends to more than 1 stimulus at a time
Plays with dolls/figures in sequenced play
Asks and answers what/where questions
Catches large ball against chest
Completes a simple puzzle
Can recover from tantrums on own
Identifies gender
Pincer grasp developing
Can sequence play/learning in 2-3 steps
Shows fears
Understands amount - ‘one’ versus ‘all’
Toileting Starting to categorize
Associative Play
Body Break
3-4 Year Age Level Activity Imaginative Play
Developmental Milestones Activity
Developmental Milestones 3-4 Years
Communication Motor Skills Thinking and Problem Solving
Social and Play Skills
Follows 2-3 steps of unrelated activities
Catches and throws ball
Relates detailed experiences
Prefers to play with peers rather than alone
Knows opposites
Colours within the lines
Understands how/why questions
Develops themes in play
Takes 3-4 turns in conversation
Can do zipper with help and snaps
Categorizes according to different features
Can play in a group – cooperative play
Speech paired similar to an adult
Can imitate horizontal line and circle
Initiates plans; problem-solves on own
Believes he/she can do anything
4-6 Year Age Level Activity
Developmental Milestones Activity
Developmental Milestones 4-6 Years
Communication Motor Skills Thinking and Problem Solving
Social and Play Skills
Describes how to do things
Kicks to a target
Thinks up new uses for objects
Likes group games and sports
Creates rhymes Able to skip Attends to letters and numbers
Makes up costumes for play
Retells sequence of a story
Draws shapes with spatial understanding
Listens to long stories
Wants to please peers
Uses humour, argues, answers ‘what happens if’ questions
Can imitate cross (at 4) and X at about 5
Makes inferences about motives of others
Can wait for a turn; makes up jokes, tattles.
10 Year Age Level Activity
Developmental Milestones Activity
16 Year Age Level Activity
Developmental Milestones Activity
Program needs to address developmental level of student.
PPP/IIP goals should be tied to and based on developmental level of student.
Programming for Developmental Level
Object Permanence Initiating (pointing)Preliminary Cause
and EffectSensory/Motor
Play
Responds to ‘where is’ by
pointing
Matches simple shapes
Functional play with real objects
Developing immature
pincer grasp
Turn-taking (1 or 2)
Knows Cause and Effect Parallel Play
Long-term memory for events
Asks/Answers What/Where Questions
Walks stairs with alternating
feet
Starting to categorize
Plays with Dolls/Figures in sequenced play
Understands how/why questions
Speech paired similar to an
adult
Imitates horizontal line
and circle
Prefers to play with peers rather
than alone
Planning RegulationWorking Memory
Organization
Academic Skill Development
Pre-Academic Skills (early developmental milestones) are required prior to learning academic tasks
Early Developmental Milestones (The Foundation)
Higher-Order Skill Development(The School House)
Integrated Executive Functioning(The Roof)
Development proceeds in stages and sequences that ALL individuals go through from birth to adulthood.
Need pre-requisite skills before new skills can be developed.
Programming needs to address the developmental level of the student.
Important Take-Home Messages