Developmental Psychology

Paul Moye

2 year old Timmy curls his toes when his mother rubs the outside bottom part of his foot. Timmy is demonstrating this major infant reflex

Babinski Reflex

Other Reflexes:Rooting(mouth)SuckingMorro(falling)Grasping

This major issue of developmental psychology reflects the question:

“Do our early personality traits persist through life or do we become different persons as we age?”

Stability vs. change

Other issues:Nature vs. nurtureContinuity vs. stages

This developmental process is reflected by the fact that we crawl before we walk and we use nouns before adjectives, all as a part of our increasing neural connections.

MaturationBiological growth processes that enable

orderly changes in behavior, relatively uninfluenced by experience.

This person’s research with rhesus monkeys showed that a monkey’s motivation for attachment is in the comfort of body contact, not nourishment

Harry Harlow, 1950’s

Related terms:Secure baseSafe haven

The first moving object a duckling sees during the hours shortly after hatching is normally its mother. This window of time in which the duckling must see the mother to follow it for proper development is a ______ ______. This rigid attachment process found in animals alone is known as _______.

Critical period, imprinting

An infant is shown a picture of a dog several different times and each time the child becomes less interested in the picture. This child is demonstrating ….

Habituation: decreasing responsiveness with repeated stimulation. Important for testing infant cognition with

schemas

Tina cannot remember her little sister’s birth from when she was a year old. Her brain had not made a majority of her neural connections (maturation). Tina demonstrates _______ ______.

Infantile amnesia

A baby is confused when a person playing peek-a-boo covers his face. According to Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development, the baby, who thinks the person has disappeared, has not yet established this aspect of sensorimotor development…

Object permanence

A child in the concrete operational stage of Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development would know demonstrate awareness of this idea by stating that a tall skinny glass that has a higher level of water has the same amount of water when poured into a short wide glass with a lower level of water.

conservation

A child who sees a cat and calls it a dog is demonstrating this feature of schemas.

Assimilation: interpreting one’s new experience in terms of one’s existing schemas

The same child sees many other cats and notices that they purr instead of barking. This child realizes that this animal is in fact not a dog but a different type of animal. The child is demonstrating …

accommodation

A child demonstrates this preoperational characteristic through a conversation such as this:“Do you have a brother?”“Yes”“What’s his name?”“Jim”Does Jim have a brother?”“No”

Egocentrism

Bowlby’s attachment styles

A _______ attached child is trusting as a child and trusting as an adult.

Secure(ly)

A _______ attached child is severely stressed when the parent leaves the room and fears abandonment as an adult.

Anxious/ambivalent

Other attachment styles:Avoidantdisorganized

This was the name of Mary Ainsworth’s experiment that tested attachment styles by having a parent in a child in a room together and then having the parent leave the room. Then stranger would enter the room.

Strange Situation

A parenting style where the parents try to act as friends to their child and allow them to do whatever they please

Permissive

A parenting style where the parents demand the children to do hours of chores with no time to play with no room for discussion, negotiation, or explanation

authoritative

A parenting style where the parents talk with the kids to come up with a reasonable set of chores for the children to do. These parents would set an appropriate time for curfew, and then explain to their children why this time is reasonable.

authoritarian

Chelsea is involved in an ongoing research study that takes data on the long term effects of weekly consumption of energy drinks. Taking data on the same people over time is known as….

Longitudinal research

This research design studies the effects of weekly consumption of AMP on boys and girls. It takes data at one point in time and is known as …

Cross sectional research

Sequential research is a combination of longitudinal and cross sectional

These are the eight stages of whose theory? Trust vs. mistrust Autonomy vs. shame Initiative vs. guilt Industry vs. inferiority Identity vs. confusion Intimacy vs. isolation Generativity vs. stagnation Integrity vs. despair

Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development

What theory and psychologist accompanies the acronym

Oh Ana Prefers…?

List the stages

Freud’s psychosexual development theoryOralAnal PhallicLatencygenital

In this stage of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, I would explain that cheating is bad because I will get punished…

Preconventional-stage 1

In this stage of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, I would explain that cheating is bad because it violates the natural laws of honesty….

Postconventional-stage 5

In this stage of Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, I would explain that cheating is bad because I will feel guilty …

Conventional-stage 4