Diesel - CSA B139-6.pdf

Ontario installation code for oil-burning equipment(Based on CSA B139, with Ontario amendments)

1st Edition / 2006

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Ontario installation code for oil-burning equipment

CSA Standards Update Service

October 2006

Title: Ontario installation code for oil-burning equipmentPagination: 121 pages (vii preliminary and 114 text), each dated October 2006

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Affranchirsuffisamment

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ASSOCIATION CANADIENNE DENORMALISATIONBUREAU CENTRAL DE LINFORMATION5060, SPECTRUM WAY, BUREAU 100MISSISSAUGA ON L4W 5N6CANADA

CANADIAN STANDARDSASSOCIATIONCONSOLIDATED MAILING LIST5060 SPECTRUM WAY, SUITE 100MISSISSAUGA ON L4W 5N6CANADA

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Published in October 2006 by Canadian Standards AssociationA not-for-profit private sector organization

5060 Spectrum Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N61-800-463-6727 416-747-4044

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Publication date: October 18, 2006

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ISBN 1-55436-412-4Technical Editor: Ken Bales

Canadian Standards Association 2006

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.

This CSA Special Publication consists of material from the 2000 and 2004 editions of CSA B139, Installation code for oil-burning equipment, consolidated with Ontario amendments proposed by the Technical Standards and Safety Authority (TSSA) under its authority to amend the Fuel Oil Code Adoption Document for application in Ontario.

This publication is a non-consensus document and is therefore not a CSA Standard or a National Standard of Canada. It has been prepared by TSSA under its authority to amend the Fuel Oil Code Adoption Document for application in Ontario and does not reflect the contents of the CSA Standards as a whole.

All material from CSA B139, Installation code for oil-burning equipment, 2000 and 2004 editions Canadian Standards Association 2006. All rights reserved. No part of this material may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the Canadian Standards Association.

Ontario amendments Technical Standards and Safety Authority 2006. All rights reserved. No part of these amendments may be reproduced in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the Technical Standards and Safety Authority.

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October 2006 iii

Contents

Canadian Standards Association Ontario installation code for oil-burning equipment

Preface viii

1 Scope 1

2 Reference publications and definitions 22.1 Reference publications 22.2 Definitions 4

3 General requirements 203.1 Acceptable equipment 203.2 Hazardous atmosphere 213.3 Responsibilities of the installer 213.3.1 Initial activation 213.3.2 Before leaving a new installation 213.3.3 Posting of instructions 213.3.4 Conversion from a different energy source 213.3.5 Replacement 213.3.6 Appliances that burn used oil 223.3.7 Log book for appliances that burn used oil 223.4 Quality of work 223.5 Suitability of equipment and chimney 223.6 Accessibility 223.7 Electrical features 223.8 Gas features 223.9 Supply of fuel oil 233.10 Fuel oil filters 233.11 Preheating of fuel oils 233.12 Emergency shut-off devices 24

4 Venting and air supply 254.1 General 254.2 Venting products of combustion 254.2.1 General 254.2.2 Chimneys 254.2.3 Special venting arrangements 274.2.4 Engineered vent systems 274.2.5 Vent connectors 274.2.6 Vent connector dampers 294.2.7 Draft regulators 304.2.8 Heat reclaimers 304.3 Installation requirements for through-the-wall vents 304.3.1 Through-the-wall venting kits 304.3.2 Installation 314.4 Air for combustion and ventilation 324.4.1 General 324.4.2 Residential-type installations 324.4.3 Louvres and grilles 334.4.4 Commercial and industrial equipment 344.4.5 Specially engineered installations 34

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Ontario installation code for oil-burning equipment Canadian Standards Association

iv October 2006

5 Tests 345.1 Tests and observations 345.2 Requirements 355.2.1 Test point location 355.2.2 Flue gas pressure (draft) 355.2.3 Smoke density 355.2.4 Temperature 355.2.5 Analysis of flue gases 355.2.6 Functioning of safety and operating controls 365.2.7 Fuel input 36

6 Aboveground and underground fuel oil tanks 366.1 General 366.2 Operating pressure 366.3 Support, installation, foundations, and anchorage 366.4 Aboveground tanks 366.5 Indoor tanks installed unenclosed 386.6 Enclosed supply tanks installed inside buildings Tanks over 2500 L (550 gal) 396.7 Outdoor tanks or containers installed above ground with an individual capacity of 2500 L or less

Location and protection 406.8 Supply tanks over 2500 L (550 gal) capacity installed outside at ground level 416.8.1 Outside aboveground tanks over 2500 L capacity 416.8.2 Piping 416.8.3 Protection from vehicles 416.8.4 Secondary containment 426.8.5 Secondary containment Dikes 436.8.6 Secondary containment maintenance 446.8.7 Aboveground vertical tanks 456.8.8 Aboveground tank disuse 456.9 Multiple bottom-connected supply tanks not exceeding 2500 L (550 gal) total capacity 466.10 Pressure-filled multiple top-connected supply tanks not exceeding 5000 L (1100 gal) total

capacity 466.11 Tanks installed underground 466.11.1 Installation 466.11.2 Location of underground tanks 476.11.3 Underground steel tanks 476.11.4 Underground fibreglass tanks 486.11.5 Addition of tanks 516.11.6 Underground tank system testing 516.11.7 Underground piping and tubing 516.11.8 Joints and connections 516.11.9 Fill pipes 526.11.10 Underground pipe testing 526.11.11 Corrosion protection 526.11.12 Leak detection 546.11.13 Groundwater monitoring 556.11.14 Vapour monitoring 566.11.15 Upgrading underground tank systems 576.11.16 Operation 586.11.17 Records 586.11.18 Underground tank disuse and removal 586.12 Tank fill pipes, openings, and fittings 596.13 Tank venting 616.13.1 General 61

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October 2006 v

6.13.2 Venting of auxiliary supply tanks 626.14 Integral fuel tanks supplying engines 636.15 Gauging of tanks 636.16 Removal or disconnection of appliances or tanks 646.17 Testing of new or replacement tanks with a capacity of 2500 L or less 64

7 Installation clearances 657.1 Clearances to building construction 657.2 Clearances for servicing and maintenance 657.3 Appliance installation in garages 657.4 Appliance installation in aircraft hangars 667.5 Outdoor installations 66

8 Fuel-containing devices, fuel oil pumps, piping and tubing, and valves 678.1 Fuel-containing devices 678.2 Fuel oil pumps 678.3 Piping and tubing 688.3.1 General 688.3.2 Underground piping or tubing 698.3.3 Valves and other devices 728.3.4 Joints and connections 728.3.5 Installation in flooring 728.3.6 Equipment that burns used oil 728.4 Valves 728.4.1 Shut-off valve 728.4.2 Pressure-relief valve 728.4.3 Automatic shut-off valve 738.4.4 Constant-level valve 73

9 Environmental responsibilities 73

10 Elevated installations 7510.1 General 7510.2 Fuel oil pumps 7510.3 Piping 7510.4 Valves 7610.5 Fuel supply systems 76

11 Construction heaters 76

12 Vehicle heaters 7812.1 General 7812.2 Installation 78

13 Maintenance 7913.1 Filling operations 7913.2 Regular maintenance 8013.3 Forced-air furnaces 8113.4 Boilers 8213.5 Domestic hot water heaters 8313.6 Log book for appliances that burn used oil 83

14 Markings for used-oil equipment 83

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vi October 2006

15 Field approvals 83

AnnexesA (informative) Calculation of vent piping equivalent length 112B (informative) Filling operations 114

Tables1 Metric permitted chimney vent (flue) sizes and minimum base temperatures for circular vents (flues)*

in chimneys with thermal resistance less than RSI 1.00 (1 m2C/W) 852 Metric permitted chimney vent (flue) sizes and minimum base temperatures for circular vents (flues)*

in chimneys with thermal resistance equal to or greater than RSI 1.00 (1 m2C/W) 873 Minimum vent connector thicknesses 894 Standard clearances between appliances and building construction 905 Spacings of supports 946 Equivalent rectangular sizes 947 Clearance with specified forms of protection 958 Location of aboveground tanks outside buildings 979 Schedule for upgrading existing underground tank systems 97

Figures1 Typical chimney flue capped access 982 Chimney flue vertical clearance 993 Example of appliance(s) located in an unconfined space Combustion air and additional

ventilation from outdoors 1004 Example of appliance(s) located in a confined space Combustion air from outdoors by infiltration

and ventilation from inside the building 1015 Example of appliance(s) located in a confined space Combustion air and ventilation from

outdoors 1026 Example of appliance(s) located in a confined space Combustion air and ventilation from

outdoors 1037 Example of appliance(s) located in a confined space Combustion air from outdoors and

ventilation from inside the building 1048 Example of appliance(s) located in a confined space Combustion air ducted from outdoors and

ventilation from inside the building 1059 Fuel supply tank clearances 10610 Multiple bottom-connected fuel supply tanks 10711 Typical installations of pressure-filled multiple top-connected fuel supply tanks 10812 Designated clearances Furnaces 10913 Designated clearances Heaters 11014 Clearances with specified protection 111

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October 2006 vii

Preface

This CSA Special Publication, Ontario installation code for oil-burning equipment, includes content from CSA B139-04, Installation code for oil-burning equipment, and CAN/CSA-B139-00, Installation Code for Oil-Burning Equipment, and incorporates changes by the Technical Standards and Safety Authority (TSSA) to make the requirement suitable for adoption in Ontario.Note: The development of this document did not follow the CSA Directives and guidelines governing standardization.

The major changes from the CSA B139 Installation Codes incorporated in this Special Publication include the following:(a) the scope is expanded to cover larger aboveground tank systems with a capacity of over 2500 L and

all underground tank systems;(b) the section on Field Installation Burners is replaced with Section 15, Field approvals; (c) environmental requirements for addressing spills and leaks are provided in Section 9;(d) requirements on central oil distribution facilities have been removed;(e) indoor tank protection from vehicular damage is added;(f) alternative arrangements for venting of auxiliary tanks are included; and(g) the installation of fuel oil line deaerators is added.

The efforts of the TSSA Fuel Oil Risk Reduction Group in reviewing and providing comments and recommendations on the development of this Code are generally appreciated. The members are

October 2006

Notes: (1) Use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows.(2) Although the intended primary application of this Special Publication is stated in its Scope, it is important to note that it

remains the responsibility of the users of this Special Publication to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.(3) All enquiries regarding this Special Publication should be addressed to Canadian Standards Association, 5060 Spectrum

Way, Suite 100, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada L4W 5N6.

Ruud Berkel TSSA

Steve Bubis Sears

Elson Fernandes Elfent

Jacques Lacroix Granby Steel Tanks

Norm Levesque TSSA

James Mackie Fuel Handlers Association of Canada

Myles Mailvaganam Office of the Ontario Fire Marshal

Bob Smith Canadian Oil Heat Association

Raphael Sumabat TSSA (Chairperson)

Gord Thompson Ontario Petroleum Contractors Association

Gwen Thong TSSA (Administrator)

Jim Wood Canadian Oil Heat Association

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October 2006 1


1 Scope

1.1This Code applies to the installation of(a) appliances, equipment, components, and accessories where oil is used for fuel purposes, such as

(i) forced-air furnaces;(ii) boilers;(iii) process furnaces;(iv) water heaters;(v) vehicle heaters; and(vi) power supplies for buildings;

(b) all stationary and portable oil-burning equipment, including fuel supply equipment and piping; and(c) aboveground and underground tanks.

1.2This Code provides minimum requirements for the installation of, or alterations to, oil-burning equipment, including(a) supply tanks as described in Clause 1.1(c);(b) piping;(c) pumps;(d) control devices;(e) venting systems; and(f) central oil distribution.

1.3This Code provides minimum requirements for the installation of, or alterations to(a) accessories; and(b) heating distribution systems insofar as these affect the proper operation of the oil-burning

equipment.

1.4This Code does not apply to(a) tanks and supply piping installed in refineries;(b) appliances installed in mobile housing, recreational vehicles, and marine craft;(c) lamps; and(d) such portable devices as blowtorches, melting pots, and weed burners.Note: For installation of oil-burning equipment in mobile housing and recreational vehicles, refer to CAN/CSA-Z240 MH Series.

1.5This Code provides requirements for the maintenance of the most commonly used types of oil-burning equipment as detailed in Clause 13.

1.6Annex B provides the recommended precautions for filling tanks.

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2 October 2006

1.7The values given in SI (metric) units are the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

1.8In CSA Special Publications, shall is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the standard; should is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; may is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the standard; and can is used to express possibility or capability. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.

2 Reference publications and definitions

2.1 Reference publicationsThis Code refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the edition listed below. Equipment being installed after this Code comes into effect shall be approved in accordance with the Standards listed below.

CSA (Canadian Standards Association)B51-03Boiler, Pressure Vessel, and Pressure Piping Code

CAN/CSA-B140.0-03Oil-burning equipment: General requirements

CAN/CSA-B140.14-M1979 (R2001)Automatic flue-pipe dampers for use with oil-fired appliances

B149.2-05Propane Storage and Handling Code

C22.1-06Canadian Electrical Code, Part I

C22.2 No. 3-M1988 (R2004)Electrical features of fuel-burning equipment

CAN/CSA-Z240 MH Series-92 (R2005)Mobile homes

API (American Petroleum Institute)650-1998Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage

653-2005Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction

ASME International (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, 2004

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October 2006 3

ASTM International (American Society for Testing and Materials)E 136-2004Standard Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 Degrees C

CGSB (Canadian General Standards Board)CAN/CGSB 3.2-99Fuel Oil, Heating

CPPI (Canadian Petroleum Products Institute)CPPI/PACE Report 87-1Guidelines Specification for the Impressed Current Method of Cathodic Protection of Underground Petroleum Storage Tanks

Electrical Safety AuthorityOntario Electrical Safety Code, 23rd ed. (2002)

Government of OntarioEnvironmental Protection Act, RSO 1990, c. E.19

Ontario Building Code, 2006

Ontario Water Resources Act, RSO 1990, c. O.40

National Research Council CanadaNational Building Code of Canada, 2005Note: Clause 4.4.2.2 references the 1985 edition and subsequent editions.

TSSA (Technical Standards and Safety Authority)Environmental Management Protocol for Operating Fuel Handling Facilities in Ontario (2001)

Ontario Natural Gas and Propane Code Adoption Document

ULC (Underwriters Laboratories of Canada)ULC/ORD-C58.10-1992Jacketed Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

ULC/ORD-C58.15-1992Overfill Protection Devices for Flammable Liquid Storage Tanks

ULC/ORD-C80.1-2000Aboveground Non-Metallic Tanks for Fuel Oil

ULC/ORD-C142.20-1995Secondary Containment for Aboveground Flammable and Combustible Liquid Storage Tanks

ULC/ORD-C180-97Liquid Level Gauges and Indicators for Fuel Oil and Lubricating Oil Tanks

CAN/ULC-S114-05Standard Method of Test for Determination of Non-Combustibility in Building Materials

CAN/ULC-S602-03Aboveground Steel Tanks for the Storage of Combustible Liquids Intended to Be Used as Heating and/or Generator Fuels

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CAN/ULC-S603.1-03External Corrosion Protection Systems for Steel Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

CAN/ULC-S604-M91Standard for Factory-Built Type A Chimneys

CAN/ULC-S609-M89Standard for Low Temperature Vents Type L

S615-98Standard for Reinforced Plastic Underground Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

CAN/ULC-S629-M987Standard for 650C Factory-Built Chimneys

S630-00Shop Fabricated Steel Aboveground Vertical Tanks for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

S635-00Standard for Lining Systems for Existing Masonry or Factory-Built Chimneys and Vents

S653-94Standard for Aboveground Steel Contained Tank Assemblies for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

S655-98Standard for Aboveground Protected Tank Assemblies for Flammable and Combustible Liquids

2.2 DefinitionsThe following definitions apply in this Code and in the Standards in the B140 series on oil-fired equipment:

Add-on a solid-fuel-burning appliance that is designed to share the heat distribution system connected to an oil, gas, or electric appliance, and that has controls that are interconnected with the oil, gas, or electric appliance.

Air-circulating blower the complete blower assembly, including the blower wheel (or fan), the blower housing, the motor, and the drive, used to provide the means for the circulation of air in an appliance.

Air supply (with respect to the installation of an appliance) the air for combustion, ventilation, and flue-gas dilution.

Air temperature rise the difference in temperature between the average temperature of the air discharged from the air-outlet opening and the average temperature of the air entering the air-inlet opening.Note: The outlet-air temperature is measured in the largest plenum take-off downstream of the connection to the plenum such that the radiated heat from the heat exchanger does not directly strike the temperature sensor. The inlet-air temperature is measured in the return air plenum downstream from all branch connections.

Anti-flooding device see Safety control.

Appliance a device used to convert fuel into energy; the term includes all components, controls, wiring, and piping required as part of the device by the applicable Standard.

Automatic appliance an appliance equipped with an automatic burner.

Commercial-type appliance an appliance other than a residential-type appliance.

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Cooking appliance an appliance intended for supplying heat for cooking purposes.

Manual appliance an appliance equipped with a manual burner.

Residential-type appliance an appliance commonly used in, but not restricted to, one- or two-family dwellings.

Semi-automatic appliance an appliance equipped with a semi-automatic burner.

Space-heating appliance an appliance intended for the supply of heat directly to a room or space (e.g., space heater, fireplace, unit heater) or to rooms or spaces of a building through a heat distribution system (e.g., central furnace, boiler).

Appliance control system a combination, as applicable, of a primary safety control, limit controls, and operating controls used to control the burner of an appliance. The system can be(a) automatic, where the burner, when started, will continue for an unlimited number of operating cycles

without manual attention unless shut down by the combustion safety control;(b) semi-automatic, where the burner, when started, will continue for an unlimited number of operating

cycles without manual attention unless shut down by the combustion safety control or limit control; or

(c) manual, where the burner, when started, will complete only one cycle of operation without manual attention.

Appliance supply piping the fuel supply piping leading to the burner of an appliance from a supply tank or, in the case of a central oil distribution system, from the subatmospheric or demand valve immediately downstream of the meter.

Atmospheric tank a tank that is open to atmosphere and not subjected to static oil pressure at the bottom in excess of a gauge pressure of 35 kPa (5 psi) or its design pressure, whichever is greater, when the fill or vent pipe is full of oil.

Atomizing-type oil burner see Oil burner.

Automatic appliance see Appliance.

Automatic burner see Burner.

Automatic valve see Valve.

Automatic valve of the manual reset type see Valve.

Auxiliary supply tank see Supply tank.

Baffle (fixed damper) a stationary device that is used to divert the flow of air, water, or steam, or, in the case of a flue baffle, to divert the flow of flue gases, or that is used to shield parts of an appliance from the effects of flame (flame baffle) or heat (heat baffle).

Barometric supply tank see Supply tank.

Base temperature the temperature of the flue gases at the base of the chimney flue measured within the vent at the base tee or vent connector thimble, with the barometric damper shut, after the appliance flue-gas temperature has stabilized.

Blower control (fan control) the temperature-actuated switch controlling only the on-off operation of an air-circulating blower.

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Boiler an appliance intended to supply hot water or steam for space heating, processing, or power purposes.

High-pressure boiler a boiler other than a low-pressure boiler.

Low-pressure boiler a boiler in which(a) gas or vapour is generated, and that is intended to be operated or is operated at a gas or

vapour pressure of not more than 103 kPa (15 psi); or(b) a liquid is heated but no gas or vapour is generated, and that is intended to be operated or is

operated at a liquid pressure of not more than 110 kPa (16 psi), and in which the temperature of the liquid at the outlet does not exceed 120 C (250F).

Bonnet the part of a furnace casing that forms the supply plenum or to which the supply plenum is attached.

Btu a British thermal unit, which is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 lb of water by 1F.

Btu/h a Btu per hour.

Building any structure used or intended for sheltering persons, animals, or property, and that is classified by its major occupancy according to the classifications of the National Building Code of Canada.

Assembly building any building or part of a building used by a gathering of persons for civic, political, travel, religious, social, educational, recreational, or like purposes, or for the consumption of food or drink.

Commercial building any building used in connection with direct trade with, or service for, the public.

Industrial building any building used in connection with production or process work or with storage or warehousing.

Institutional building any building or part of a building used or occupied by persons who require special care or treatment because of cognitive or physical limitations, or by persons who are incapable of self-preservation and who are restrained from self-destruction by security measures not under their control.

Burner a device or group of devices forming an integral unit for the introduction of fuel, with or without air or oxygen, into the combustion zone for ignition.

Automatic burner a burner equipped with an automatic appliance control system.

Main burner the burner unit exclusive of the pilot burner.

Manual burner a burner equipped with a manual appliance control system.

Natural draft burner a burner that is not equipped with a mechanical device for supplying combustion air.

Pilot burner the burner at which the pilot is established.

Power burner (forced-draft burner) a burner in which the combustion air is supplied by a fan or blower at sufficient pressure to overcome the resistance of the burner and the appliance.

Semi-automatic burner a burner equipped with a semi-automatic appliance control system.

Burner unit one or more burners that can be ignited safely from one source of ignition.

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Central oil distribution system a system by which oil is supplied through piping from a central supply tank or tanks to buildings, mobile homes, travel trailers, or other structures.

Certified (with respect to appliances, components, and accessories) investigated and suitably marked by a certification agency that is accredited by the Standards Council of Canada and acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction as conforming to approved standards or requirements, accepted test reports, or other recognized documents or information letters; (with respect to a manufacturers installation instructions) bearing in the instructions the label or symbol of a nationally recognized certification agency that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction as conforming to approved standards or requirements, accepted test reports, or other recognized documents or information letters.

Chimney a primarily vertical shaft enclosing at least one vent for conducting flue gases to the outside atmosphere.

Factory-built chimney a chimney consisting entirely of factory-made parts, each designed to be assembled without requiring field fabrication.

Masonry or concrete chimney a field-constructed chimney of brick, stone, concrete, or masonry units.

Metal chimney (smokestack) a field-constructed single-walled chimney of ferrous metal.

Chimney connector see Vent connector.

Chimney draft see Draft.

Circulating air the heating medium that is moved through the furnace from the air-inlet opening to the air-outlet opening.

Combination appliance an appliance that is certified to operate with multiple types of fuels.

Combustible (with respect to a material) material that does not conform to the provisions for noncombustibility in CAN/ULC-S114 or ASTM E 136.

Combustion air (air for combustion) air required for the combustion of the fuel and the venting of the products of combustion. It can include the flue-gas dilution air required by the appliance draft control. See Dilution air.

Primary air that portion of the combustion air which is supplied for the initial stages of the combustion process and which is supplied upstream from the point of ignition.

Secondary air that portion of the combustion air which is supplied for the intermediate and final stages of the combustion process and which is externally supplied downstream from the point of ignition.

Combustion chamber a metal or refractory chamber, located within the firebox of an appliance, used to contain the combustion flame.

Combustion products constituents resulting from the combustion of fuel with the oxygen of the air; they include inert elements but exclude excess air.

Combustion safety control see Safety control.

Combustion zone the zone in which combustion is intended to occur.

Commercial-type appliance see Appliance.

Commercial-type equipment equipment other than residential-type equipment.

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Component an essential part of an appliance that may be certified separately from the appliance.

Concrete chimney see Chimney (masonry or concrete).

Condensate (condensation) the liquid that separates from gas or combustion products because of a reduction in temperature.

Confined space a space in which an oil-fired appliance is installed and that is too small to maintain normal appliance operating conditions without additional ventilation.

Connector a tube or hose with a fitting at each end, used for connecting combinations of appliances, fuel containers, and piping (see also Flexible connector).

Constant-level valve a device for maintaining, within a reservoir, a constant level of fuel for delivery to the burner.

Construction heater a portable appliance intended for temporary space heating during construction.

Container a reusable vessel that has a capacity of 230 L (50 gal) or less; the term does not include any vessel that is an integral part of, or permanently attached to, any appliance, equipment, or vehicle.

Contamination any release of fuel oil or used oil or any combination of the two, resulting directly or indirectly from human activities, that exceeds levels acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.

Continuous pilot see Pilot.

Counterflow furnace see Furnace.

Damper a movable plate or valve for regulating the flow of air or flue gas.

Automatically operated damper a damper operated by an automatic control.

Barometric damper see Draft regulator.

Fixed damper see Baffle.

Flue damper a damper located in a vent.

Manually operated damper an adjustable damper manually set and locked in the desired position.

Dilution air air added to the flue gases after the heat exchanger in the appliance. This air is often introduced at the draft regulator (barometric damper), usually to isolate the appliance from the effects of the wind on the chimney top.

Direct-fired appliance an appliance in which the combustion products or flue gases are intermixed with the medium being heated.

Direct-service water heater see Service water heater.

Direct space-heating furnace see Furnace.

Direct vent appliance an appliance that is constructed and installed so that all the air for combustion and draft control is taken directly from the outside atmosphere and all the combustion products are discharged directly to the outside atmosphere.

Domestic-type equipment see Residential-type equipment.

Downflow furnace see Furnace.

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Draft the pressure difference that is available to drive the flow of air or combustion gases or both through an appliance and its venting system.Notes: (1) Draft is indicated by the difference between the pressure at a specified point in the appliance or venting system and the

pressure of the air at the same elevation outside the appliance or venting system.(2) When the pressure at a specified point within the appliance or venting system is greater than the pressure of the air at

the same elevation outside the appliance or venting system, the condition is correctly described as positive pressure (plus or +) or forced draft. When the pressure at the specified point is less than the pressure of the air at the same elevation outside the appliance or venting system, the condition is correctly described as negative pressure (minus or ), or induced or natural draft. (The latter has been incorrectly described as negative draft.)

Chimney draft the available natural draft of the chimney, measured at or near the base of the chimney.

Flue-outlet draft see Vent outlet pressure.

Forced draft mechanical draft created by a device upstream from the combustion zone of an appliance.

Induced draft mechanical draft created by a device downstream from the combustion zone of an appliance.

Mechanical draft draft created by a mechanical device such as a fan, blower, or aspirator, which can supplement natural draft.

Natural draft draft produced by the difference in density of the gases in the vertical portions of vents and the density of the surrounding air, or by wind effects at the chimney top. The density differences in combustion appliances are essentially due to the higher temperature of the flue gases compared with that of the surrounding air.

Over-fire draft see Over-fire pressure.

Draft regulator (barometric damper) a draft control device intended to stabilize the natural draft in an appliance by admitting room air to the venting system.

Drop pipe the vertical pipe that conducts fuel down to an appliance.

Duct furnace see Furnace.

Equivalent length the resistance of pipe or pipe connector fittings (elbows, reducers, etc.) to flow, expressed in terms of linear length of straight pipe.

Excess air air supplied to the combustion zone in excess of that which is theoretically required for complete combustion.

Expanding pilot see Pilot.

Factory-built chimney see Chimney.

Fan-assisted burner see Burner.

Fan control see Blower control.

Fast-closing valve see Valve.

Firebox a metal enclosure in which fuel or gaseous derivatives of fuel are burned, and that forms a portion of the heat exchanger.

Fire-resistance rating the rating (hours) assigned by a nationally recognized authority to a material or assembly of materials in accordance with standard fire test methods.

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Firing rate (flow rate) the fuel input rate of a burner.

Flame a quantity of burning gas or vapour, not necessarily visible.

Flame baffle see Baffle.

Flame-establishing period (trial-for-ignition period) the length of time fuel is permitted to be delivered before the flame-sensing device is required to detect flame.

Flame failure reaction time (response time) the interval between flame extinguishment and the de-energizing of the devices that are used for stopping or reducing the fuel supply to the burner.

Flame safeguard see Safety control (combustion).

Flame-sensing device that component of a combustion safety control which senses flame.

Flashpoint the lowest temperature of a liquid fuel at which application of the test flame, under specified test conditions, causes the vapours above the surface of the liquid to ignite but not continue to burn.

Flexible connector a connector made of flexible tubing.

Flexible tubing see Tubing.

Flow rate see Firing rate.

Flue see Vent.

Flue damper see Damper.

Flue gases products of combustion.

Flue-gas loss the heat loss escaping in the flue gases.

Flue pipe see Vent connector.

Forced draft see Draft.

Forced draft burner see Burner.

Foundation, tank the area on the site prepared to receive the tank, complete with ancillary equipment and support structure.

Fuel oil (oil) diesel, used oil, kerosene, and hydrocarbon fuel oil.

Fuel-oil type the classification number for a particular fuel oil, as specified in CAN/CGSB 3.2 (see Fuel oil).

Furnace a space-heating or process-heating appliance, using warm air as the heating medium, and usually having provision for the attachment of ducts.

Attic furnace a horizontal furnace intended for installation in attics or other unoccupied spaces with low headroom.

Central furnace a furnace using ducts and intended for heating rooms or spaces separate from the room in which the furnace is located.

Counterflow furnace a furnace through which the circulating air flows in the opposite direction to the flue gases.

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Direct space-heating furnace a furnace intended for heating the space in which the furnace is located.

Downflow furnace a furnace in which the circulating air flows downward, discharging at or near the bottom of the casing.

Duct furnace a furnace intended for installation in the air distribution duct system; the air is circulated by means of a blower that is not an integral part of the furnace.

Forced-air furnace a furnace equipped with a blower that provides the primary means for circulation of air.

Gravity furnace a furnace in which the circulation of air is primarily by convection.

Horizontal furnace a furnace in which the circulating air flows horizontally, with the air inlet and discharge openings at opposite ends of the casing.

In-line furnace a furnace in which the air inlet and discharge openings are situated in the top of the casing.

Reversible-flue furnace a furnace in which the upward direction of flow of the flue gas is reversed before reaching the flue collar.

Suspended furnace a horizontal furnace with provision for suspension.

Upflow furnace a furnace in which the circulating air flows upward, discharging at or near the top of the casing.

Wall furnace a furnace installed in or on a wall or partition, supplying warm air through grilles, boots, or the equivalent, without the use of ducts.

Gallon 4.546 L (Canadian or imperial gallon) except where specifically indicated as a US gallon (3.785 L).

Gauge (with respect to fuel oil storage tanks) a measuring device that shows the amount of fuel oil within the tank.

Gauge (with respect to the thickness of sheet metal) for uncoated sheet steel, Manufacturers Standard Gauge (MSG), and for galvanized sheet steel, Galvanized Sheet Gauge (GSG); the nominal thickness corresponding to the gauge number, together with mill tolerance, is implied, unless otherwise given.

Gravity furnace see Furnace.

Gravity supply tank see Supply tank.

Hazard the creation of an unsafe condition, including excess temperature of local air or materials, or introduction of quantities of combustion products that can affect the health or safety of occupants.

Hazardous waste material, found in waste oil, that is defined by the authority having jurisdiction as constituting a hazard.

Heat baffle see Baffle.

Heat exchanger the firebox and any auxiliary heat transfer surfaces within the casing of an appliance.

Heat reclaimer (vent pipe type) a device, intended to be installed in the vent pipe between an appliance and the chimney, to transfer heat from the flue gases through metal to air or water.

Heat transfer surface the surface of a heat exchanger designed to transfer heat between two physically separated fluids.

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Heating surface the side of the walls of the heat exchanger exposed to the flue gases.

High-heat appliance (industrial) an appliance operating at a processing temperature above 816 C (1500F), e.g., billet and bloom furnaces, blast furnaces, brick kilns, and glass furnaces.

High-pressure boiler see Boiler.

Hose flexible tubing that does not consist of a single continuous metal wall.

Hose connector a connector made of hose.

Hydronic a term that designates an appliance or system in which the heated medium is water.

Ignition the establishment of a flame.

Intermittent ignition ignition that continues to function throughout the entire period that the flame is present.

Interrupted ignition ignition that ceases to function after the flame-establishing period.

Incinerator an appliance in which combustible wastes are ignited and burned.

Indirect-fired appliance an appliance in which the combustion products or flue gases are not mixed within the appliance with the medium being heated.

Indirect-service water heater see Service water heater.

Induced draft see Draft.

In-line furnace see Furnace.

Infiltration the process of natural leakage of outdoor air into a building through its external envelope.

Input unless otherwise specified, fuel input.

Installer any individual, firm, corporation, or company that either directly or through a representative is engaged in the installation, replacement, repair, servicing, or maintenance of fuel oil piping, venting systems, appliances, components, accessories, tanks, or equipment, and whose representative is either experienced or trained, or both, in such work and has complied with the requirements of the authority having jurisdiction.

Instantaneous- (tankless-) type service water heater see Service water heater.

Integral supply tank see Supply tank.

Intermittent ignition see Ignition.

Intermittent pilot see Pilot.

Interrupted ignition see Ignition.

Interrupted pilot see Pilot.

Kerosene see Fuel oil.

Large room or space (with respect to the size of the appliance) a room or space having a volume(a) for boilers, of at least 16 times the total volume of the boiler; and(b) for furnaces, of at least 12 times the total volume of the furnace.

Laundry stove an appliance consisting of one or more open-top burners mounted on high legs or having a cabinet base.

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Leak a defect in a vessel or other equipment resulting in the escape of product.

Leak detection a device or method that is capable of detecting leaks in tanks and/or piping or tubing.

Level 1 leak detection a device or method that is capable of detecting a leak of 0.38 L/h with a probability of detection of 0.95 and a probability of false alarm of 0.05.

Level 2 leak detection a device or method that is capable of detecting a leak of 0.76 L/h with a probability of detection of 0.95 and a probability of false alarm of 0.05.

Precision leak test a leak test that meets the performance of level 1 leak detection within 24 h.

Limit control see Safety control.

Listed see Certified (listed).

Low-energy circuit an extra-low-voltage circuit in which the current is supplied from a transformer or from another device having energy-limiting characteristics and approved for the purpose.

Low-pressure boiler see Boiler.

Main burner see Burner.

Manual appliance see Appliance.

Manual burner see Burner.

Masonry chimney see Chimney (masonry or concrete).

Maximum allowable working pressure the pressure at which a boiler is permitted to be operated or used under applicable pressure vessel acts.

Mechanical draft see Draft.

Metal chimney see Chimney.

Modulating the infinite variance of the volume of the flow of fuel or air, or both, between predetermined minimum and maximum limits.

Natural draft see Draft.

Natural draft burner see Burner.

Negative pressure (draft) a condition in which the pressure at a specified point in the system is less than the pressure of the air, at the same elevation, outside the appliance or venting system. Also referred to as induced or natural draft (see Draft).

Noncombustible (with respect to a material) material that conforms to provisions for noncombustibility of CAN/ULC-S114 or ASTM E 136.

Oil see Fuel oil.

Oil burner a device for burning oil.

Atomizing-type oil burner an oil burner that breaks up the fuel into liquid fuel droplets prior to vaporization.

Vaporizing-type oil burner an oil burner in which oil is vaporized from a film on a surface of the burner.

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Wall flame-type oil burner an oil burner in which oil in a liquid stream is fed against a ring or wall inside the combustion chamber.

Oil burner assembly an assembly comprising an oil burner and such devices as can be required to control the supply of fuel and combustion air to the burner.

Oil-burning equipment one or more oil-burning appliances together with their fuel tanks, fuel piping, wiring, controls, and accessories.

Oil distribution main a pipe intended to convey fuel oil from a central supply tank or tanks to oil service pipes.

Oil service pipe a pipe intended to convey fuel oil from an oil distribution main to the appliance supply piping.

Operating control a control used to regulate or control the normal operation of the equipment.

Over-fire pressure (over-fire draft) the pressure difference between the pressure in the combustion chamber directly over the fire and the pressure of the air at the same elevation outside the appliance or venting system, the latter being used as the datum.Note: Draft is indicated by the difference between the pressure in the combustion chamber directly over the fire and the pressure of the air at the same elevation outside the appliance or venting system, the former being used as the datum. The term natural draft is used to indicate that no fan is used to maintain or accelerate the draft.

Package unit an appliance supplied by one manufacturer as a complete unit, including burner, controls, and integral wiring.

Pilot a flame that is used to ignite the fuel at the main burner or burners.

Continuous pilot a pilot that burns without turndown throughout the entire time the burner is in service, whether or not the main burner is firing.

Expanding pilot a pilot that normally burns at a low turndown throughout the entire time the burner is in service, whether or not the main burner is firing, except that upon a call for heat the pilot automatically expands so as to reliably ignite the main burner.Note: This pilot may be turned down at the end of the flame-establishing period for the main burner.

Intermittent pilot an electrically ignited pilot that is automatically lit whenever there is a call for heat and that burns throughout the entire period that the main burner is firing.

Interrupted pilot an electrically ignited pilot that is automatically lit each time there is a call for heat and in which the pilot fuel is cut off automatically at the end of the flame-establishing period of the main burner.

Proved pilot a pilot flame supervised by a primary safety control that senses the presence of the pilot flame prior to permitting the main burner fuel to be delivered for combustion.

Pilot burner see Burner.

Pilot valve see Valve.

Pipe fitting an item in a piping system that is used as a connector, such as an elbow, return bend, tee, union, bushing, coupling, cross, or nipple; the term does not include such functioning items as valves or regulators.

Piping fuel conduits of circular cross-section that are of sufficient wall thickness and of suitable outside diameter for threading to Iron Pipe Size (IPS) Standards and that are specified by nominal inside diameter (ID).

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Piping outlet the termination of fuel piping near or at the location of an appliance or proposed appliance.

Piping riser the vertical pipe that conducts fuel upward.

Plenum a chamber for distributing warm air from a furnace to the supply ducts (supply plenum) or for receiving air to be heated by the furnace (return plenum).

POL the petrol oil and lubricant Standard to which valves and other accessories are designed and constructed.

Portable equipment (or appliance) equipment (or appliance) that is readily moved from place to place; such equipment may be vent connected.

Potential see CSA C22.2 No. 3.

Power burner see Burner.

Pressure-relief valve see Valve.

Primary air see Combustion air.

Primary heating surface the surfaces of those portions of the heat exchanger exposed to direct radiation from the fire or combustion chamber, including that portion which encloses the combustion chamber.

Primary safety control see Safety control.

Process application the application of heat for other than space heating or service water heating.

Products of combustion see Combustion products.

Proved pilot see Pilot.

Purge to replace the existing fluid, gaseous or liquid, in the fuel piping or the appliance with the desired fluid.

Radiator a metal enclosure located within the furnace casing, consisting of secondary heating surfaces, and forming a portion of the heat exchanger.

Range a cooking appliance equipped with a cooking surface and one or more ovens.

Readily accessible capable of being reached for operation, renewal, servicing, or inspection, without requiring the climbing over or removal of obstacles or the use of portable ladders.

Repair garage a building or part of a building where facilities are provided for the repair and servicing of motor vehicles.

Residential garage a building or part of a building that is used or intended for the storage of passenger motor vehicles and that is intended to serve one or two families.

Residential-type appliance see Appliance.

Residential-type equipment equipment commonly used in, but not restricted to, one- or two-family dwellings.

Response time see Flame failure reaction time.

Return plenum see Plenum.

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Reversible-flue furnace see Furnace.

Rigid tubing see Tubing.

Room heater see Space heater.

Safety circuit that portion of a circuit connected to a limit, safety pilot, or similar control (other than an operating control) such that unsafe operation of the burner or equipment may occur when the control or any part of the circuit wiring becomes grounded, open-circuited, or short-circuited. See CSA C22.2 No.3.

Safety control an automatic shutdown control of a safety circuit.

Antiflooding device a primary safety control that causes the fuel to be shut off upon a rise of fuel above the normal level or upon receiving excess fuel.

Combustion safety control (flame safeguard) a primary safety control that senses the presence of flame and that causes fuel to be shut off in the event of flame failure or ignition failure.

Limit control a safety control intended to prevent unsafe conditions of temperature, pressure, or liquid level.

Primary safety control the automatic safety control intended to prevent abnormal discharge of fuel at the burner in the event of ignition or flame failure.

Safety control system a system of automatic controls that is intended to automatically prevent unsafe operation of the controlled equipment and can include relays, switches, and other auxiliary equipment and interconnecting circuitry.

Safety shut-off valve see Valve.

Secondary air see Combustion air.

Secondary containment (a) (with reference to tanks) double-wall or contained construction that is external to the primary tank

and has a capacity of at least 110% of the tank; and(b) (with reference to piping or tubing) double-wall or contained construction that is external to the

pipes and/or tubing and is designed to prevent the contents of the pipes and/or tubing from leaking outside the containment.

Secondary heating surface the surfaces of those portions of the heat exchanger conveying the combustion products or flue gases from the enclosure forming the primary heating surfaces to the vent outlet.

Self-energized control system a burner control system in which part of the heat energy of the pilot is converted through a thermopile to electrical energy that is sufficient to operate the control system and automatic valves.

Self-energized pilot see Pilot.

Self-energized valve see Valve.

Self-generating millivolt circuit a circuit in which an electromotive force is generated by the effect of the heat of a flame upon a thermopile element.

Semi-automatic appliance see Appliance.

Semi-automatic burner see Burner.

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Semi-rigid connector a connector made of semi-rigid tubing.

Semi-rigid tubing see Tubing.

Service compartment a normally enclosed compartment of an assembly that is accessible for occasional operations such as lighting-up, or the adjustment, cleaning, or servicing of such parts of the equipment as air filters, blowers, motors, and controls.

Service water heater an appliance intended for the heating of water for plumbing services (as distinct from water for space heating).

Direct-service water heater a service water heater that derives its heat directly from either an electrical resistance element or the combustion of fuel.

Indirect-service water heater a service water heater that derives its heat from a heating medium such as warm air, steam, or hot water.

Instantaneous-(tankless-)type service water heater a service water heater designed to supply hot water directly to the outlets without storage facilities.

Storage-type service water heater a service water heater with an integral hot water storage tank.

Shut-off valve see Valve.

Space heater (room heater) an appliance for heating the room or space within which it is located, without the use of ducts.

Space-heating appliance see Appliance.

Spill an escape of product into the environment or inside a building where the escape is not caused by a defect in a vessel or other equipment.

Storage garage a building or part of a building that is used or intended for the storage or parking of motor vehicles and that contains no provision for the repair or servicing of such vehicles.

Storage tank a tank for the storage of fuel and from which the fuel-burning equipment is not intended to be fed automatically.

Storage-type service water heater see Service water heater.

Stove an appliance intended for space heating or cooking, or both.

Supply plenum see Plenum.

Supply tank a tank for the storage of fuel and from which the fuel-burning equipment is intended to be fed automatically.

Auxiliary supply tank a supply tank that is installed in the fuel supply between fuel-burning equipment and its main fuel supply tank.

Barometric supply tank a supply tank that automatically maintains, by barometric pressure, a definite level of oil in a sump.

Gravity supply tank a supply tank from which the oil is delivered to the burner by gravity.

Integral supply tank a supply tank that is a component part of the appliance and is mounted thereon.

Suspended furnace see Furnace.

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Tank see Supply tank.

Tankless-type service water heater see Service water heater.

Temperature relief valve, fusible-plug-type see Valve.

Temperature relief valve, reseating- or self-closing-type see Valve.

Temperature, total the actual measured temperature, including the room ambient temperature.

Thimble a masonry or metal sleeve of constant inside diameter through which the vent connector passes to reach the chimney flue. Flue gases do not come into contact with the thimble.

Trial-for-ignition period see Flame-establishing period.

Tubing fuel conduits of circular cross-section that are not of sufficient wall thickness or of suitable outside diameter to permit threading to Iron Pipe Size (IPS) Standards and that are specified by outside diameter (OD).

Flexible tubing tubing that can be easily bent without the use of special tools, does not necessarily retain its bend, and is not subject to damage if rebent several times.

Rigid tubing tubing that normally cannot be bent without the use of special tools.

Semi-rigid tubing tubing that normally can be bent without the use of special tools, retains its bend, and is subject to appreciable damage if rebent several times.

Unit heater a suspended space heater with an integral air-circulating fan that is intended for the heating of the nonresidential space in which it is installed.

Unstable liquid any liquid, including flammable liquids and combustible liquids, that is chemically reactive to the extent that it will vigorously react or decompose at or near normal temperature and pressure conditions or that is chemically unstable when subject to impact.

Unvented appliance an appliance not intended to be connected to a venting system.

Upflow furnace see Furnace.

Used oil petroleum-based oil (as well as other substances) that has been primarily used as crankcase oil, transmission fluid, or hydraulic fluid. It differs from waste oil in that it does not include hazardous waste (see Hazardous waste).

Vacuum breaker a device that eliminates excessive negative pressure in the tank and does not permit the escape of vapours or product from the tank.

Valve a device by which the flow of a fluid can be started, stopped, or regulated by a movable part that opens or obstructs passage.

Automatic input control valve a valve that does not require manual action and that is used for modulating the fuel supply to the main burner.

Automatic valve a valve designed to turn on or shut off the fuel flow to the burner without requiring manual action.

Automatic valve of the manual reset type an automatic valve that will remain closed until manually reopened.

Fast-closing valve a valve that has a maximum closing time of 5 s upon being de-energized.

Pilot valve a valve to control the supply of fuel to a pilot burner.

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Pressure-relief valve a valve that opens automatically to relieve a pressure in excess of a predetermined setting and that closes after such relief.

Safety shut-off valve a valve that automatically shuts off the supply of fuel in response to the action of a combustion safety control or limit control.

Self-energized valve the valve used in a self-energized control system.

Shut-off valve a manual valve used in the piping to fully turn on or fully shut off the fuel supply to any section of a piping system or to an appliance.

Temperature relief valve, fusible-plug-type a device that opens, and keeps open, a relief opening by the melting or softening of a fusible plug or cartridge at a predetermined temperature.

Temperature relief valve, reseating- or self-closing-type a valve that opens automatically when a predetermined temperature is exceeded and closes automatically when the temperature falls below a predetermined lower value.

Vaporizing-type oil burner see Oil burner.

Vent (flue) an enclosed passageway for conveying flue gases.

Vent (flue) collar the portion of a fuel-fired appliance designed for the attachment of the vent connector or breeching.

Vent connector the conduit connecting the vent collar of an appliance to a chimney or through-the-wall vent system (also called a flue pipe or chimney connector).

Vent (flue) gases vented combustion gases plus dilution air.

Vent (flue) outlet the opening of a fuel-fired appliance through which the flue gases pass to the vent connector or breeching.

Vent outlet pressure the pressure difference between the vent gas pressure at the vent outlet of the appliance and the pressure of the surrounding air, the latter being used as the datum.Note: On naturally aspirated units, the vent outlet pressure is usually negative. When a negative vent outlet pressure is described as a flue draft, the pressure difference is considered to be positive. See Draft.

Vent (tank vent) a device that is open to atmosphere to prevent the tank from becoming over-pressurized during the filling process or during a fire, and from becoming under-pressurized when fuel leaves the tank.

Vented appliance an appliance intended to be connected to a venting system.

Ventilation the process of supplying or removing air, or both, by natural or mechanical means, to or from any space.

Venting the removal of flue gases or vent gases to the outside air by means of building openings or venting systems.

Venting system a system for the removal of flue gases or vent gases to the outside air by means of vent connectors, chimneys, gas vents, or natural or mechanical exhaust systems.

Direct venting system a venting system that is constructed and installed so that all the air for combustion and draft control is taken from the outside atmosphere and all the combustion products are discharged to the outside atmosphere.

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Mechanical venting system a venting system that uses a mechanical device to exhaust the vented products, for example, a draft inducer or power venter. The appliance burner is not part of the venting system.

Negative pressure vent a vent in which the pressure inside the vent or vent connector is less than the pressure outside the vent or vent connector.

Nonmechanical venting system a venting system that does not use a mechanical device to exhaust the vented products.

Positive pressure vent a vent in which the pressure inside the vent or vent connector is greater than the pressure outside the vent or vent connector.

Type L venting system a certified venting system consisting of factory-made parts, each designed to be assembled without requiring field fabrication, for use with fuel-burning appliances that are approved for use with Type L venting systems.

Wall flame-type oil burner see Oil

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