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REPUBLIC OF PANAMAMARITIME INTERNATIONAL

UNIVERSITY OF PANAMA

WORK OF ENGLISHDIESEL ENGINES

MEMBERSDOMNGUEZ, ULISESHOULSTON, LISSETE

HINESTROZA, JUAN

DATE OF DELIVERY18- 04- 09

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DIESEL ENGINES

A diesel engines is apropulsion plant whichthe heat that is generatedby internal combustion amixture of fuel and air isconverted into power

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SLOW-, MEDIUM- AND HIGH- SPEED

DIESEL ENGINES

1- Slow speed : The slow

speed Diesel engines isapplied in large vesselswhith large engine rooms.

Slow- speed Dieselengines consume HeavyFuel Oil, which is aninexpensive fuel.

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2- MEDIUM- SPEED DIESEL ENGINE

Are used in large electricalgenerators, shippropulsion and mechanicaldrive applications such as

large compresors orpumps.

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3- HIGH SPEED DIESEL ENGINES

Are used in small,

highly manoeuvrablevessels.The rated capacity ofsuch an engine is veryhigh, but so is its fuelconsumption.

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IN- LINE ENGINES AND V- ENGINES

Compared to the in- lineengine the advantages of theV- engine are obvious: a V-

engine requires only onecrankshaft and takes up lessspace.Therefore the engine rooms oflimited size, contrary to the in-line engine, which cannot beused in small engine rooms

due to its height.

Line engine

V- engine

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TRUNK ENGINES AND CROSSHEAD

ENGINES

A- Trunk engine:The piston

pin and crank pin are directlyconnected to each other by theconnecting rod.

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B- crosshead engine: Is tallerbecause of the crosshead andpiston rod, which require morespace.

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TWO- STROKE ENGINES AND FOUR

STROKE ENGINES.1- Two- stroke engine:

The two stroke internalcombustion engine completesthe thermodynamic cycle intwo movements of the piston.This increased efficiency isaccomplished by using the

beginning of the compressionstroke and the end of thecombustion stroke tosimultaneously

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2- four- stroke engines:

Today internal combustionengines in cars, trucks,motorcycles, aircraft,construction machinery andmany others, mostcommonly use a four strokeengine

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THE WORKING OF A TWO- STROKE

ENGINE1- Phase of admission-compression: The piston upwardsmoves (the butt) from its bottom dead center, in its routeleaves t he inlet port open. While the face superior of the

piston realises the compression in the cylinder, the faceinferior sucks the mixture combustible air through thelight.

2-Phase of power-escapes When arriving the piston at itstop dead center finalizes the compression and thecombustion of the mixture thanks to an electrical spark

produced by the spark plug is caused.

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THE WORKING OF A FOUR- STROKE

ENGINE

1- First time or admission: In this phase thereduction of the piston inhales the mixture

combustible air in the motors of causedignition.

2- Secondly time or compression: When

arriving at the end of race inferior, theadmission valve is closed, beingcompressed the gas contained in the camera

by the ascent of the piston

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3- Third time or explosion: When not being able to arrive at theend of race superior the gas has reached the maximum pressure. In

the motors of caused ignition, the inflammation of the mixturejumps the spark in the spark plug causing.

4- Fourth time or escapes: In this phase the piston pushescarefully, in its ascending movement, the gases of thecombustion that lale through the escape valve that remainsopen.

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THE VALVE MECHANISM

Valves are opened by rocking levers and are mostly closed bysprings.The rotating cra nkshaft actuates the camshaft by means ofgearwheels or chaindrive.If a pushrod has been inserted between camshaft and rockinglever, the rocking lever will be actuated by this later rod and will

open the valve.

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REVERSING THE ENGINE

The slow speed Diesel engine is mostly a directreversible- or directing acting- engine.This means that the shaft is directly connected to theengine. In order to go from ahead to astern- or asternto ahead- we must stop the engine first and thenreverse it.

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THE SHAFT

The shaft consists of the propeller shaft, theintermediate shaft and the crankshaft.

They are connected to each other by means offlanges.The end of the propeller shaft is conical to makeit easier to mount the propeller.