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Diffusion and Osmosis
SQA questions
W hat you should know - diffusion
• In diffusion, a substance will move ( d_____) from an area of h_____ concentration to an area of l__ concentration
• Dissolved f___, o_____, c_____ d_____ and w_____ enter and l_____ the cell by diffusion
• Diffusion allows the e_________ of m________ e.g. o_______ and g________ move into cells and carbon dioxide moves o___
Giffuse
igh
ow
ood xygen arbon ioxide
ater eave
xchange
aterials xygen lucose
ut
C
Glucose and oxygen
_______ by diffusion___________
leaves the cell by
_________
carbon dioxideenter
diffusion
membrane
=
==
The cell membrane c______ diffusion – the passage of substances i____ and o__ of the c___The cell membrane is s_________ permeable – s______ molecules can pass through the p_____ in the membrane
ontrols
nto
ut ell
electively
mall
ores
glucose
waterstarch
What you should know - osmosis
• Osmosis is a s______ case of d_______• In osmosis w____ molecules move from a
h___ w____ concentration to a l__ w____ concentration across a s__________ permeable membrane e.g. the cell m_________ or v______ t_______
pecial iffusion
ater
igh ater ow ater
electively
embrane isking ubing
Examples of osmosis
1
Y
X
If a cell(X) with 5% glucose solution is surrounded by a 10% glucose solution(Y), in which direction will osmosis occur ?
= 5%
= 10%glucoseWater moves ____ of cell from ___ to
____ because X has ___ % water
(HWC) and Y has ___ % water (_____)
out X
Y 95
90 LWC
2 If cell(A) with 2% salt solution is next to a cell(B) with 1% salt , in which direction will osmosis occur ?
A = 2% salt
Water diffuses from cell B _____to cell A ____
by__________.
Cell B has____% water
Cell A has _____% water.
osmosis
HWC
99
LWC
98
X = 5% SALT
In plant cells X and Y there is an ______concentration
water (___%) and therefore
there is no net or ________ movement of
water i.e. water ___ = water ___
equal
95
overall
in out
B = 1% salt
Y = 5% SALT
3
COsmosis in plant cells
same water
concentration
low water
concentration
high water concentration
No change
Water ___ = Water in out
lasmolysed
Water e_____ the cell by o______. Vacuole swells up and cell becomes t______. The c___ w____ prevents b________
W_____ leaves the cell by osmosis. Vacuole s______ and the m_________ is pulled a___ from the cell wall. Cell is p__________.
enters
smosis
urgid
cell all
ursting
ater
hrinks
embrane
way
C Osmosis in animal cells e.g. Red Blood Cells
Animal cell behave differently due to the absence of a
_______cell wall
high water
concentration
Animal cells gain water by ________ ________and ________
___________
water ___ = water ___
no changesame water
concentration
Cells _____ water by
_______ and ______
lose
osmosis shrink
osmosis
burst
low water
concentration
in out
b
swell up
high concentration
low concentration
Dissolved food
oxygen carbon dioxide
Cell membrane
osmosis
atmosphereMuscle cells
diffusion
osmosis
0.9
No gain or loss of water at this concentration / No osmosis at this concentration / No change to cells at this concentration / They look like the untreated cells
Cells have shrunk or crinkled up or shrivelled up
Water has moved out of cell to a lower water concentration /Water has moved out of cell down a concentration gradient
osmosis
water moved out of cell from a high to low water concentration / water moved to a lower water concentration outside the cell / water moved from a higher water concentration inside the cell
oxygen / glucose / amino acid
Shrink and wrinkle
Swell up and burst
losthigher
Which is a turgid cell?
allows exchange of materials /allows water to diffuse into root/ allows glucose to diffuse into cell /